EP1259341B1 - Verfahren zur herstellung einer oxidationshemmenden titangussform - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung einer oxidationshemmenden titangussform Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1259341B1 EP1259341B1 EP01919141A EP01919141A EP1259341B1 EP 1259341 B1 EP1259341 B1 EP 1259341B1 EP 01919141 A EP01919141 A EP 01919141A EP 01919141 A EP01919141 A EP 01919141A EP 1259341 B1 EP1259341 B1 EP 1259341B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mould
- furnace
- embedding compound
- temperature
- casting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C7/00—Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
- B22C7/02—Lost patterns
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/12—Treating moulds or cores, e.g. drying, hardening
Definitions
- the invention relates to various processes for the production of lost molds for the titanium casting.
- Titan is increasingly used.
- the procedure for making a mold for the titanium casting is basically known.
- a model of the later too cast workpiece are modeled.
- This is preferably a especially suitable wax is used because it can be easily modeled and later after embedding in the investment material in a simple manner and Way can be burned out.
- the Model cast a wax channel from wax wire, depending on Size of models several models connected to each other for a shape can be.
- the model is in a muffle ring or one Muffle attached, using various tools such as cast rings and / or Cast funnel formers can be used.
- the investment is in one Kiln heated according to a given temperature-time profile and cooled down again.
- the investment hardens and the meltable material of the model is burned out of the mold.
- the liquid can be used immediately Titanium can be poured into the mold, so that the desired result Titanium casting is obtained.
- titanium has its relatively high level Oxidation tendency.
- this material tends to form an oxidation layer on the surface that is suitable for the most of the applications then have to be removed afterwards. Due to the surface oxidation, the dimensional accuracy of the workpieces deteriorated. They also increase due to the effort involved in removing them the oxidation layer to the manufacturing costs.
- measures aimed at the casting process affect yourself in a way so that the oxidation is reduced. For example, it is known to take the liquid titanium Fill protective gas atmosphere into the mold.
- GB 725 456 A describes a process for curing molding compositions known by heating in an oven. During curing methane, carbon monoxide or helium are fed into the furnace prevent oxidation of the molding material.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to produce processes propose a lost form for the titanium casting that the Manufacture of titanium castings with less surface oxidation allow. This object is achieved by methods according to the claims 1 to 9 solved.
- investment materials for titanium casting consist of a mixture of different oxides, with aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) and magnesium oxide (MgO) in particular being present in larger proportions.
- the investment contains at least one further oxidizable component, which in many cases consists of zirconium.
- the methods according to the invention are based on the common basic idea, contamination of the zirconium, especially with oxygen, limit at least during the hardening of the investment. This ensures that as much as possible during the titanium casting unused zirconium is available and therefore a larger one Amount of oxygen in the contact area between the titanium surface and the surface of the mold cavity are bound to the zirconium can. The amount of oxygen that is used to oxidize the titanium Is available can be reduced.
- the inventive effect of reducing the oxidation of the investment during curing can be achieved if the curing of the Form takes place in an atmosphere with reduced gas density. This can a negative pressure or a in the oven when the investment material cures Vacuum can be built up. Due to the reduced gas density in the interior of the furnace there are fewer oxygen atoms available for oxidation, so that oxidation processes are reduced overall.
- the hardening of the investment with reduced gas density requires a certain additional device technology Expenditure. Very good results in reducing the oxidation
- the titanium surface are also without this additional Effort when making molds possible.
- the relative degree of oxidation of the Investment, d. H. the ratio of the non-oxidized investment to The proportion of the oxidized investment material largely depends on what temperature the investment for how long a certain Exposed to gas density. High temperatures, high gas densities and one Long exposure times result in high levels of oxidation. By reducing the duration of exposure to high temperatures Investment can therefore be the oxidation of the oxidizable constituents of the Investments are reduced.
- the holding time during which Reaching a maximum temperature (e.g. 850 ° C) the temperature in the furnace interior is kept largely constant, depending on the amount the investment must be adjusted. Because of the high The temperature inside the furnace prevails during the holding time low gas density in the furnace interior that the oxidation of the investment is relatively small during this time. By cooling inside the furnace after the end of the holding time the gas density rises Furnace interior strongly on again. The main part of the oxidation takes place therefore during the cooling of the mold, because in this process phase both sufficiently high temperatures for the oxidation of the investment and sufficiently high gas densities for the supply of atmospheric oxygen are present inside the oven.
- Cooling room warm air is supplied from the ambient atmosphere. This can be achieved, for example, by having the furnace End of the hold time is not just switched off and the shape in closed oven interior slowly cools, but instead the Oven opened after the heating was switched off and thereby the atmosphere in the furnace interior with the warm ambient temperature becomes.
- Other aids, such as Fans that ensure a forced flow are used.
- a further reduction in the oxidation of the investment can be achieved when cooling the mold by supplying protective gas into the procedural area with the shape is reached.
- protective gas into the procedural area with the shape is reached.
- the cast object is first modeled and made using cast channels suitable material, such as wax, on a cast funnel former attached in a muffle ring or similar. Then the investment with a prescribed amount of mixing liquid, for example Water, mixed and poured into the muffle Cast object is completely enclosed and thereby the desired one Form shows negative in the investment material. Then the muffle with. Cast funnel former pressurized in a pressure pot thereby further compacting the investment. Then the investment cured for at least 30 minutes at room temperature and then the cast funnel former removed. Then the muffle in placed in a cold oven and the oven at a heating rate from at least 7 ° C per minute to a temperature of Heated up to 850 ° C. This holding temperature is then for about 30 minutes kept constant.
- suitable material such as wax
- the furnace is switched off and the interior of the furnace cooled by opening the oven door for approx. 15 minutes.
- the shape is placed on the edge of the oven opening or on the oven hatch to increase the cooling. Again the form left to cool for about 15 minutes at this point.
- the mold is then outside turned off the oven and let it stand again until the desired one Temperature for the casting process is reached. So that is the invention Process for manufacturing the titanium mold completed and the liquid titanium becomes even before the mold cools completely filled at about 150 ° C in the mold cavity.
- the individual process steps automatically in a suitable one Device executed. This saves personnel costs and increase the reproducibility of the results.
- a particularly suitable formulation of the investment consists of 0 to 1% Si 2 O 2 , 0 to 1% TiO 2 , 10 to 40% Al 2 O 3 , 0 to 2% Fe 2 O 3 , 0 to 1% MnO , 40 to 80% MgO, 2 to 10% CaO, 0 to 2% Na 2 O, 0 to 1% K 2 O, 0 to 1% P 2 O 5 and 0 to 5% Zr.
- the proportion of the individual components can be varied within the range limits, which are given in percent by weight. Additional components can also be added, and individual components can be replaced by other substances with similar properties.
- the processes according to the invention can be used for the production of any kind of shapes that are intended for titanium casting. Especially It is advantageous to use the method according to the invention for Manufacture of molds for the dental titanium casting, as in this technical application particularly high demands on the Quality of the castings to be made.
- FIG. 1 the temperature or the relative gas density is entered over time during the curing of the investment in the furnace.
- Graph 1 shows the temperature profile in a combustion process known from the prior art.
- Graph 2 shows the associated profile of the relative gas density in the furnace over time.
- graphs 3 and 4 show the temperature profile and the profile of the relative gas density over time, as can be measured in a method according to the invention. It can be seen that in the method according to the invention the holding temperature of 850 ° C. is reached faster by using a higher heating rate than in the conventional method. The duration of the holding time, during which the holding temperature of 850 ° C in the furnace is kept constant, is only reduced by a few minutes.
- the main difference between the two graphs 1 and 3 is that in the method according to the invention the temperature curve after the end of the holding time is brought back to room temperature in a relatively short time by active cooling, for example by opening the oven door, so that oxidation processes are largely suppressed. In contrast to this, the temperature drops only very slowly in the conventional method according to Graph 1.
- the graphs for relative gas density 2 and 4 show that the relative gas density is inversely proportional to the temperature in the furnace. As soon as the temperature reaches its maximum at the holding temperature, the relative gas density reaches its minimum at approx. 25%. Only when the temperature in the furnace drops does the relative gas density rise again, the relative gas density according to graph 4 in the method according to the invention increasing very much faster since the temperature in the furnace falls more rapidly. Overall, it can be seen from the diagram in FIG. 1 that, in the method according to the invention, the oxidation of the investment can be reduced overall by reducing the duration of exposure to atmospheric oxygen at high temperatures.
- FIG. 2 shows a diagram in which the relative degree of oxidation of the investment is plotted over time during curing.
- Graph 5 conventional method
- Graph 6 method according to the invention
- FIG. 1 a temperature curve is used as shown in FIG. 1 . It can be seen that the relative degree of oxidation increases almost proportionally to the duration of the investment. Since the conventional process only reaches a temperature of approx. 150 ° C in the investment material after 15 to 17 hours, at which the titanium can then be filled into the mold cavity, the relative degree of oxidation increases very high.
- the casting temperature in the investment material of 150 ° C. is already reached after about 1 ⁇ 2 to 2 hours depending on the amount, so that the relative degree of oxidation at this point in time is only about 25% compared to 100 % achieved with conventional curing.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Dental Prosthetics (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
- Dental Preparations (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Adornments (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- den Verlauf der Temperatur bzw. Gasdichte über die Zeit bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Herstellungsverfahren im Vergleich zu einem konventionellen Herstellungsverfahren;
- Fig. 2
- den Verlauf der Zunahme des relativen Oxidationsgrades einer Einbettmasse während des Aushärtens.
Claims (9)
- Verfahren zur Herstellung einer verlorenen Form für den Titanguss aus einer aushärtbaren Einbettmasse, das zumindest einen oxidierbaren Bestandteil, insbesondere Zirconium, enthält, wobei zumindest folgende Verfahrensschritte ausgeführt werden:a) Urformung der Form durch Einbetten eines Modells aus ausschmelzbarem Werkstoff in die Einbettmasse;b) Aushärten der Einbettmasse und Ausschmelzen des Modellwerkstoffs durch Erhitzen und anschließendes Abkühlen der Form entsprechend einem vorgegebenen Temperatur-Zeit-Profil,
- Verfahren zur Herstellung einer verlorenen Form für den Titanguss aus einer aushärtbaren Einbettmasse, das zumindest einen oxidierbaren Bestandteil, insbesondere Zirconium, enthält, wobei zumindest folgende Verfahrensschritte ausgeführt werden:a) Urformung der Form durch Einbetten eines Modells aus ausschmelzbarem Werkstoff in die Einbettmasse;b) Aushärten der Einbettmasse und Ausschmelzen des Modellwerkstoffs durch Erhitzen und anschließendes Abkühlen der Form entsprechend einem vorgegebenen Temperatur-Zeit-Profil in einem Brennofen,
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 2
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlung der Form durch vermehrte Zufuhr von raumwarmer Luft aus der Umgebungsatmosphäre in den Kontaktbereich mit der Form erreicht wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 2
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlung der Form durch Zufuhr von Schutzgas in den Kontaktbereich mit der Form erreicht wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Brennofen beim Aushärten der Form bis zum Erreichen der Maximaltemperatur mit einer Aufheizgeschwindigkeit von zumindest 7°C/min oder schneller aufgeheizt wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ausprüche 2 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass folgende Verfahrensschritte zur Herstellung einer Form mit einem Gewicht zwischen 80g und 1000g durchgeführt werden:a) Modell mit einem Gusstrichterformer in einem Muffelring befestigen,b) Einbettmasse mit vorgeschriebener Menge Anmischflüssigkeit anrühren,c) Einbettmasse in eine Muffel füllen,d) Muffel mit Gusstrichterformer bei Umgebungsbedingungen oder in einem Drucktopf mit Überdruck beaufschlagen,e) Einbettmasse mindestens 30 min. aushärten lassen und anschließend Gusstrichterformer entfernen,f) Muffel in kalten Ofen einbringen und Ofen mit mindestens 7°C/min bis auf eine Temperatur von 850°C (Haltetemperatur) aufheizen,g) Ofen bis zur vollständigen Durchwärmung der Gussform bei Haltetemperatur halten,h) Ofen ausschalten und Ofeninnenraum durch Öffnen der Ofentür für circa 15 min. kühlen,i) Form an den Rand der Ofenöffnung oder auf die Ofenklappe stellen und circa 15 min. zum Kühlen stehen lassen,j) Form außerhalb des Ofens abstellen und bis zum Erreichen der gewünschten Temperatur für den Gießvorgang stehen lassen. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verfahren im wesentlichen automatisch durchgeführt wird. - Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einbettmasse zumindest Bestandteile in den nachfolgend angegebenen Anteilsgrenzen enthält:0 bis 1 Gew-% Si2O20 bis 1 Gew-% TiO210 bis 40 Gew-% Al2O30 bis 2 Gew-% Fe2O30 bis 1 Gew-% MnO40 bis 80 Gew-% MgO2 bis 10 Gew-% CaO0 bis 2 Gew-% Na2O0 bis 1 Gew-% K2O0 bis 1 Gew-% P2O5 und0 bis 5 Gew-% Zr. - Verwendung eines Verfahrens nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 8 zur Herstellung von Formen für den zahntechnischen Titanguss.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DK01919141T DK1259341T3 (da) | 2000-02-23 | 2001-02-23 | Fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af en oxidationshæmmende titanstöbeform |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10008384 | 2000-02-23 | ||
DE10008384A DE10008384C2 (de) | 2000-02-23 | 2000-02-23 | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer oxidationshemmenden Titangußform |
PCT/DE2001/000688 WO2001062413A2 (de) | 2000-02-23 | 2001-02-23 | Verfahren zur herstellung einer oxidationshemmenden titangussform |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1259341A2 EP1259341A2 (de) | 2002-11-27 |
EP1259341B1 true EP1259341B1 (de) | 2004-11-24 |
Family
ID=7632061
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01919141A Expired - Lifetime EP1259341B1 (de) | 2000-02-23 | 2001-02-23 | Verfahren zur herstellung einer oxidationshemmenden titangussform |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6802358B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1259341B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2003523287A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE283129T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU4635901A (de) |
DE (2) | DE10008384C2 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2233619T3 (de) |
PT (1) | PT1259341E (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001062413A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR102075925B1 (ko) | 2016-12-07 | 2020-02-12 | 한국생산기술연구원 | 티타늄 합금 주조용 주형 코팅제, 이를 이용한 티타늄 합금 주조용 주형 및 그 제조방법 |
AU2018331269B2 (en) | 2017-09-13 | 2024-01-04 | Laitram, L.L.C. | Monorail tray conveyor with passive guide rails |
US10654660B2 (en) | 2018-01-31 | 2020-05-19 | Laitram, L.L.C. | Hygienic magnetic tray and conveyor |
US10807803B2 (en) | 2018-01-31 | 2020-10-20 | Laitram, L.L.C. | Hygienic low-friction magnetic tray and conveyor |
CN115041670A (zh) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-09-13 | 广东技术师范大学 | 一种铝型材熔铸精炼设备 |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4412798C1 (de) * | 1994-04-14 | 1995-04-06 | Thyssen Industrie | Verfahren zur Herstellung und Verwendung einer keramischen Schale als Gießform mit reduzierenden Eigenschaften |
GB725456A (en) * | 1952-05-09 | 1955-03-02 | Gen Motors Corp | Improvements relating to the production of shell moulds for casting |
US3552479A (en) * | 1967-11-22 | 1971-01-05 | Martin Metals Co | Casting process involving cooling of a shell mold prior to casting metal therein |
JPS619940A (ja) * | 1984-06-27 | 1986-01-17 | Kenji Tsugaya | チタン又はチタン合金の鋳造用鋳型材料 |
GB2168060B (en) * | 1984-12-04 | 1988-08-10 | Ohara Kk | Mold material and process for casting of pure titanium or titanium alloy |
IT209622Z2 (it) * | 1986-01-08 | 1988-10-24 | Maio Spa Mario Di | Apparecchio per fusioni e colate sottovuoto col procedimento a cera persa. |
US4700769A (en) * | 1985-06-18 | 1987-10-20 | Ohara Co., Ltd. | Casting apparatus for titanium or titanium alloy |
DE3807495A1 (de) * | 1988-03-08 | 1989-09-21 | Haessler Andreas | Verfahren zum schnellerwaermen und kuehlen von brenngut in periodischen und kontinuierlich betriebenen keramischen oefen |
DE3831539C3 (de) | 1988-09-16 | 2001-06-13 | Kaltenbach & Voigt | Steuerungsanordnung für einen Dentalofen, insbesondere einen mikroprozessorgesteuerten Vorwärmofen |
JPH0327841A (ja) * | 1989-06-26 | 1991-02-06 | Okazaki Kousanbutsu Kk | 歯科鋳造用鋳型材 |
DE3921514A1 (de) * | 1989-06-30 | 1991-01-10 | Wieland Edelmetalle | Verfahren zur herstellung individueller formen fuer gussteile aus hochreaktiven metallen bzw. metallegierungen |
DE4401475C1 (de) * | 1994-01-19 | 1995-06-14 | Walter Notar | Verfahren und Vakuumkammer zur Herstellung von Metallmodellen |
DE19607380C2 (de) * | 1995-02-28 | 2002-11-07 | Juergen Kowalski | Einbettungsformmasse |
DE29621480U1 (de) * | 1996-03-16 | 1997-03-20 | Laempe, Joachim, Dipl.-Ing., 79650 Schopfheim | Vorrichtung zur Nachbehandlung von Gießerei-Formteilen |
-
2000
- 2000-02-23 DE DE10008384A patent/DE10008384C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-02-23 AU AU46359/01A patent/AU4635901A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-02-23 AT AT01919141T patent/ATE283129T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-02-23 ES ES01919141T patent/ES2233619T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-23 PT PT01919141T patent/PT1259341E/pt unknown
- 2001-02-23 EP EP01919141A patent/EP1259341B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-23 DE DE50104599T patent/DE50104599D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-23 JP JP2001561464A patent/JP2003523287A/ja active Pending
- 2001-02-23 WO PCT/DE2001/000688 patent/WO2001062413A2/de active IP Right Grant
- 2001-02-23 US US10/204,681 patent/US6802358B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20030011093A1 (en) | 2003-01-16 |
DE10008384A1 (de) | 2001-09-13 |
ATE283129T1 (de) | 2004-12-15 |
DE50104599D1 (de) | 2004-12-30 |
ES2233619T3 (es) | 2005-06-16 |
US6802358B2 (en) | 2004-10-12 |
PT1259341E (pt) | 2005-04-29 |
WO2001062413A3 (de) | 2002-03-21 |
AU4635901A (en) | 2001-09-03 |
WO2001062413A2 (de) | 2001-08-30 |
DE10008384C2 (de) | 2002-07-18 |
EP1259341A2 (de) | 2002-11-27 |
JP2003523287A (ja) | 2003-08-05 |
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