EP1214123A1 - Dispositif coupe-feu - Google Patents

Dispositif coupe-feu

Info

Publication number
EP1214123A1
EP1214123A1 EP00990015A EP00990015A EP1214123A1 EP 1214123 A1 EP1214123 A1 EP 1214123A1 EP 00990015 A EP00990015 A EP 00990015A EP 00990015 A EP00990015 A EP 00990015A EP 1214123 A1 EP1214123 A1 EP 1214123A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fire
liquid
container
protection device
fire protection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00990015A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Adolf Frick
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1214123A1 publication Critical patent/EP1214123A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
    • E06B5/10—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes
    • E06B5/16—Fireproof doors or similar closures; Adaptations of fixed constructions therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
    • A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fire-retardant and optionally fire-extinguishing device which essentially consists of a container which contains water or another flame-retardant or non-flammable liquid and releases its liquid to the environment under the action of heat, optionally via a valve and is suitable and intended for installation in doors, ceilings, ceiling elements, walls or wall elements.
  • Fire protection doors are mandatory in many countries to demarcate building sections with an increased fire risk compared to other sections of a building, especially in buildings in which flammable material is stored.
  • fire protection doors always consist of flame-retardant or non-combustible material or are at least completely encased in such material.
  • fire protection doors also contain a special inner part ("core"), which is designed in such a way that it can prevent the fire from burning out of a fire area into a non-fire area for a certain predefined time in the event of a fire.
  • core special inner part
  • Such cores can be made of metal, for example, which gives the door a certain mechanical safety effect, or light
  • the present invention has set itself the goal of creating a simple system which can primarily contribute passively, but possibly also actively to fire-fighting and also has a number of other advantageous properties.
  • the principle on which the invention is based comprises a container which can preferably be produced simply and in any size, can be filled with flame-retardant or non-flammable liquid and can be integrated or attached to doors, ceiling or wall elements in the factory or, if necessary, on site.
  • the container according to the invention is preferably a flat body, in particular a block or a plate made of a material with porous or capillary cavities and openings, for example made of clay-like, brick-like or ceramic material, or - alternatively - a plate-shaped hollow body in the form of a Single, multi or multi-chamber system, preferably made of metal or plastic.
  • the container can be dimensioned as desired and is usually dimensioned for installation in doors in such a way that it is about 30 to 90 percent in length and width of the corresponding dimensions of conventional doors of apartments, house entrances, basements, hotel rooms, warehouses, official, office and business premises - or company buildings etc. and measures between 5 and 50 mm in thickness for most applications.
  • the fire protection container according to the invention can be adapted accordingly in terms of shape, size and full volume for special purposes and for non-standard doors or gates as well as for installation in walls or ceilings, for example in the form of ceiling cassettes.
  • Fire protection containers made of porous or capillary material according to the invention are loaded or soaked with liquid before being installed and then airtight and watertight or packed liquid-tight to prevent unwanted premature drying and thus a reduction in the fire-retardant effect. At the same time, this is to prevent the wood or metal of the door leaf or the bricks of the wall from being damaged by moisture absorption or possibly forming mold due to contact with the container.
  • the porous material can absorb a multiple of its dry matter, in the case of ceramic material, for example, up to four times its dry matter, in the form of water.
  • a further advantage of the clay, brick or ceramic plates according to the invention which have a dry weight of around 250 kg / m 3 , for example, has been found to be of mechanical strength, which - in contrast to thin-walled metal or plastic films - even with large dimensions and full volume and / or water pressure do not "bulge” and neither deform nor get cracks or cracks under the influence of cold or heat. They also do not swell or do not swell significantly due to the liquid absorption but essentially retain their previous dimensions. Since fire protection doors equipped with such containers do not warp when exposed to heat due to the cooling effect of the stored or released moisture, they remain functional even in the event of a fire and thus either make it easier to escape or access to a burning room.
  • Such liquid-filled or impregnated plates are preferably packed and / or welded in airtight and liquid-tight casings, in particular multilayer films.
  • Such films can consist of several layers of different materials, such as polyethylene, aluminum, polyamide and / or polyester.
  • a polyethylene film can be followed directly by an aluminum film, then a polyamide film, and finally a polyester film on the outward-facing side of the porous material.
  • the polyethylene film is easy to put around the plate and weld, the aluminum foil forms a vapor barrier, polyamide can be easily applied to aluminum to anchor the adjoining polyester foil, which in turn enables a good connection with the chipboard of a wooden door by simply gluing.
  • the containers of ceramic-like material according to the invention withstand a temperature of at least 1000 ° C.
  • they are much cheaper to manufacture than conventional fire protection doors of the same fire resistance class.
  • the present invention also includes embodiments in which the liquid-filled container is designed as a plate-shaped container, preferably made of metal or plastic, and optionally has a fill valve and / or drain valve, for example a steam drain or pressure relief valve.
  • the liquid-filled container is designed as a plate-shaped container, preferably made of metal or plastic, and optionally has a fill valve and / or drain valve, for example a steam drain or pressure relief valve.
  • the container according to the invention is made of plastic and in particular is in the form of a multi-chamber design, based on a pattern similar to the known shock-absorbing air cushion mats for packaging purposes.
  • the liquid-filled fire protection containers are preferably installed as close as possible under the surface of a door or wall on the side facing the danger zone. If a fire breaks out in a room or room, for example in a hotel room, and reaches the door with the fire protection device according to the invention, the door leaf is heated, but it does not burn. The heat is removed from the liquid-filled container underneath and converted into evaporation heat, ie liquid begins to evaporate from the container. In the case of multi-chamber plastic containers, one chamber after the other will become melted open and release the enclosed amount of liquid, which evaporates under the influence of heat, cools the door and actively counteracts the spread of the flames.
  • these containers for example ceramic plates, do not necessarily have to be attached under the surface of a wall or ceiling, but can also be external as fire protection plates, ie attached to the surface of the wall or ceiling or built into wall or ceiling recesses, that they are flush with their surface. Soche panels can also be attached to safes, for example. If the fire protection container built into a standard door of 210 x 90 x 5 cm has a length of 150 cm with a width of 80 and a thickness of 2 cm, this results in a full volume of around 24 liters.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows a fire-retardant door with an integrated, liquid-filled container.
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of such a
  • 3A schematically shows cross sections through two types of different liquid-filled plastic mats
  • 3B shows a schematic plan view of these mats.
  • 4 shows a liquid container according to the invention with a multi-chamber system.
  • a container 2 filled with a flame-retardant or non-flammable, preferably environmentally neutral, liquid, for example a liquid-soaked, porous plate made of clay-like, brick-like or ceramic material, is used in the course of the manufacture of a door 1, for example a special fire door or an ordinary house - or room door, installed as a core in the interior of door 1 so that it comes as close as possible to the inner surface of the outermost door leaf (Fig. 1). It is preferred that the container 2 is sealed off from the surroundings into which it is inserted, to the extent that it does not release any moisture to it under normal conditions (i.e. normal room temperature, atmospheric pressure). This is achieved by either the container itself being made of liquid-impermeable material or, as in the case of the porous plates, being sealed in water-impermeable foils.
  • a flame-retardant or non-flammable, preferably environmentally neutral, liquid for example a liquid-soaked, porous plate made of clay-like, brick-like or ceramic material
  • the container 2 can also be designed as a flat, plate-shaped hollow body in the form of a single or multi-chamber system, in particular made of metal or plastic.
  • the container 2 preferably also contains a valve 3 for filling, emptying and / or evaporating the liquid in the event of a fire.
  • Such a container 2 can, as sketched in Fig. 2, for example from tightly connected at the edges, e.g. pressed, welded, folded or glued, metal sheets or metal foils, which have been filled with liquid under high pressure.
  • FIG. 3A shows a cross section through a plastic mat, which is similar in its outer shape to the known shock-absorbent packaging mats.
  • the pad 2a of the carved packaging mats contains the pad 2a according to the invention with liquid-filled pad 4.
  • the pad can also be produced in such a way that the pads are not isolated from one another as in mat 2a, but among themselves via the flame-retardant or incombustible liquid over the entire area 4a the mat 2b are connected.
  • the containers according to the invention can also be used in the form of multi-chamber systems 2c.
  • Such multi-chamber containers 2c can, for example, have a shape which is similar to that of known flat radiators.
  • the individual chambers 4b can be completely spatially separated from one another by sections 5 or can also be in communicating connection with one another. They can be filled, for example, via a valve 3 and a distribution line 6 or in another embodiment, for example via closable openings in the individual chambers (in the case of spatially separate chambers) or one or more chambers (in the case of a communicating system).
  • predetermined breaking points can be arranged in such a way that either the entire contents of the container or only part of it can flow out.
  • the predetermined breaking points can be arranged in such a way that either the entire contents of the container or only part of it can flow out.
  • the door or wall so equipped can also be used accordingly
  • Openings preferably at optically unobtrusive or non-distracting points. It is preferred that these openings are covered with a heat-sensitive cover, which open spontaneously at temperatures above approx. 50 ° C., for example by expansion, melting, or possibly scorching.
  • Example 1 Production of a Container According to the Invention for Installation in a Door A water-filled aluminum cassette was produced as follows:
  • Two 0.5 mm thin aluminum foils 80 x 45 cm were placed on top of each other and sealed together along their outer edges pressed, with the exception of a small opening in which a valve was inserted.
  • This structure was then fixed between two steel plates with a plate spacing of 1.1 cm and filled with water via the valve, using pressures of up to 10 atm. Due to this high-pressure filling, which, depending on the thickness of the foils, can also be carried out at pressures of more than 10 atm, the aluminum foils formed into a water-filled container with an inside diameter (thickness) of 1 cm in accordance with the limitation by the steel plates. For testing purposes, this container was integrated into a turahn wooden frame between particle boards so that it was completely surrounded by wood or chipboard material.
  • the fire-breaking effect of a water-filled and foil-wrapped, porous ceramic plate produced according to the invention and having the dimensions 75 ⁇ 40 ⁇ 3.2 cm was demonstrated.
  • the plate was drafted and long afterwards placed directly into the brightly blazing fire of a powerfully heated, large tiled stove in an oblique position (at an angle of approx. 50-70 degrees) and the oven door was immediately closed. After 10 minutes, the oven door was opened again, and it was found that the fire had gone completely apart from a few remaining embers.
  • the water vapor released after the plastic film burned off probably prevented the oxygen supply to the fireplace and thereby smothered the flames.
  • the ceramic plate itself remained undamaged, apart from contamination by soot deposits.
  • a double-walled door manufactured in accordance with Example 1 and inserted into a door frame with a porous, water-filled capillary layer in the middle and steel plates on the outside was left on one side for half an hour exposed to a temperature of 800 ° C.
  • only 3 liters of the original liquid filling of the capillary layer (30 liters of water) have evaporated.
  • the opposite, unheated side of the door only warmed by around 3 ° C (from the beginning 21 ° C to 24 ° C until the end of the experiment). Due to this low heating, the steel plates have not warped and the door has not been deformed. The door remained fully functional.
  • the liquid-filled containers according to the present invention which release the liquid in liquid and / or vapor form to the environment under the influence of heat, are used as fire-retardant or fire-extinguishing and preferably at the same time sound and / or heat-insulating fire protection devices, especially in buildings such as residential or office buildings -, office or business buildings, in hotels and other accommodation facilities, as well as in factories and storage rooms.
  • security containers which are suitable for protecting heat-sensitive objects, in particular valuables such as money, documents, data carriers (magnetic tapes, diskettes, etc.) and others in the event of fire from damage or destruction.
  • liquid-filled containers according to the invention for example in the form of panels, as heat barriers or heat shields. This can be used to delimit heat-sensitive zones (e.g. IT rooms, museum archives, libraries, etc.),
  • Objects and components are encased or security zones (e.g. n tunnels) are created by suitably placing the panels.
  • Another important area of application is professional fire fighting by fire brigades.
  • the elements according to the invention can be used in flat construction (for example, panel form) for encapsulating, for example, robots or other machines that come into contact with fire or high temperatures. But they can also be designed in the form of a kind of protective clothing for firefighters. It can also be used to produce fixed or mobile (e.g. mounted on suitable castors) protective cabins, which give a firefighter the ability to get much closer to the source of the fire than would be possible with the means currently available.
  • Such protective cabins could of course also be used in industrial areas where high temperatures prevail, in order to make the work not only safer but above all also much more profitable for the operating personnel, since only a slight temperature increase takes place within the protective cabins over a predictable period.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif empêchant la propagation d'un incendie et éventuellement pouvant éteindre un incendie, qui est constitué essentiellement d'une enveloppe (2) qui est remplie d'eau ou d'un autre liquide ininflammable, qui, sous l'effet de la chaleur, libère le liquide dans l'environnement, éventuellement par l'intermédiaire d'une soupape, et qui est adapté et prévu pour de multiples dispositifs de sécurité, en particulier pour être intégré dans des portes (1) ou des murs. Le dispositif selon l'invention présente en outre des caractéristiques exceptionnelles d'amortissement de la chaleur et du bruit.
EP00990015A 1999-12-30 2000-12-22 Dispositif coupe-feu Withdrawn EP1214123A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH239999 1999-12-30
CH239999 1999-12-30
PCT/EP2000/013151 WO2001049372A1 (fr) 1999-12-30 2000-12-22 Dispositif coupe-feu

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1214123A1 true EP1214123A1 (fr) 2002-06-19

Family

ID=4232880

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00990015A Withdrawn EP1214123A1 (fr) 1999-12-30 2000-12-22 Dispositif coupe-feu

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1214123A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2676001A (fr)
WO (1) WO2001049372A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2859748B1 (fr) * 2003-09-12 2006-03-03 Nozeray Sa Structure de porte coupe-feu ou d'armoire de securite
WO2005105218A1 (fr) * 2004-04-28 2005-11-10 Jansen Entwicklungs Gmbh & Co. Kg. Porte coupe-feu
DE102006058988A1 (de) * 2006-12-14 2008-06-26 Elringklinger Ag Abschirmbauteil, insbesondere Hitzeschild
EP2159338A1 (fr) * 2008-08-28 2010-03-03 Yen-Hsiang Chen Panneau à double paroi plusieurs compartiments pour bâtiment
CN111425121B (zh) * 2020-04-02 2022-04-19 江西伟隆科技有限公司 一种防火门
CN114575721B (zh) * 2022-01-20 2024-03-01 大宅门(广东)家居有限责任公司 一种防火折叠门

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1002806C2 (nl) * 1996-04-05 1997-10-07 Nicolaas Dirk Brouwer Brandwerend plaatmateriaal.
US5944114A (en) * 1997-01-27 1999-08-31 Farley; Brent L. Devices for constraining wildfires
DE19703021A1 (de) * 1997-01-28 1998-07-30 Blanke Juergen Dipl Ing Fh Wartungsfreie Einrichtung zum Verhindern des Feuerübertritts von brennenden Sammelbehältern auf angrenzende Objekte

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0149372A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2001049372A1 (fr) 2001-07-12
AU2676001A (en) 2001-07-16

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