EP1206689A1 - Prediction de l'importance d'erreur dans un transmetteur de pression - Google Patents

Prediction de l'importance d'erreur dans un transmetteur de pression

Info

Publication number
EP1206689A1
EP1206689A1 EP00959427A EP00959427A EP1206689A1 EP 1206689 A1 EP1206689 A1 EP 1206689A1 EP 00959427 A EP00959427 A EP 00959427A EP 00959427 A EP00959427 A EP 00959427A EP 1206689 A1 EP1206689 A1 EP 1206689A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transmitter
pressure
output
sensor
error
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00959427A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1206689B1 (fr
Inventor
Evren Eryurek
Gary A. Lenz
Kadir Kavaklioglu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rosemount Inc
Original Assignee
Rosemount Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rosemount Inc filed Critical Rosemount Inc
Publication of EP1206689A1 publication Critical patent/EP1206689A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1206689B1 publication Critical patent/EP1206689B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L27/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus for measuring fluid pressure
    • G01L27/007—Malfunction diagnosis, i.e. diagnosing a sensor defect
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D18/00—Testing or calibrating apparatus or arrangements provided for in groups G01D1/00 - G01D15/00
    • G01D18/008—Testing or calibrating apparatus or arrangements provided for in groups G01D1/00 - G01D15/00 with calibration coefficients stored in memory
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D3/00—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups
    • G01D3/02—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups with provision for altering or correcting the law of variation
    • G01D3/022—Indicating or recording apparatus with provision for the special purposes referred to in the subgroups with provision for altering or correcting the law of variation having an ideal characteristic, map or correction data stored in a digital memory
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L19/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
    • G01L19/0092—Pressure sensor associated with other sensors, e.g. for measuring acceleration or temperature

Definitions

  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a loop powered industrial differential pressure transmitter with a predictive output predicting the magnitude of error in the transmitter's pressure output due to overpressure damage ;
  • FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a first embodiment of a pressure transmitter with an output predicting the magnitude of error in the pressure transmitter's pressure output;
  • FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of a second embodiment of a pressure transmitter with an output predicting the magnitude of error in the pressure transmitter's pressure output
  • FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of a third embodiment of a pressure transmitter with an output predicting the magnitude of error in the pressure transmitter's pressure output
  • FIG. 7 shows the magnitudes of present error, an error prediction output and specified error limits for a transmitter with an output predicting the magnitude of error in the pressure transmitter's output, all as a function of time.
  • a process variable transmitter includes one or more sensors that can be either internal to the transmitter or external to the transmitter, depending on the installation needs of the process plant.
  • Process variable transmitters generate one or more transmitter outputs that represent the sensed process variable .
  • Transmitter outputs are configured for transmission over long distances to a controller or indicator via communication busses 34.
  • a communication buss 34 can be a 4-20 mA current loop that powers the transmitter, or a fieldbus connection, a HART (Highway Addressable Remote Transmitter) protocol communication or a fiber optic connection to a controller, a control system or a readout.
  • transmitters powered by a 2 wire loop power must be kept low to provide intrinsic safety in explosive atmospheres .
  • padding is added to the signal by adding data to the sensor signal near the borders of windows used in the wavelet analysis. This padding reduces distortions in the frequency domain output.
  • This technique can be used with a continuous wavelet transform or a discrete wavelet transform.
  • “Padding” is defined as appending extra data on either side of the current active data window, for example, extra data points are added which extend 25% of the current window beyond either window edge .
  • the padding is generated by repeating a portion of the data in the current window so that the added data "pads" the existing signal on either side. The entire data set is then fit to a quadratic equation which is used to extrapolate the signal 25% beyond the active data window.
  • FIG. 3 a block diagram of an embodiment of a pressure transmitter 70 is shown.
  • a pressure sensor 72 is adapted to sense a process pressure 74.
  • a controller 76 is coupled to the pressure sensor 72 and generates a transmitter output 78 representing the magnitude of process pressure.
  • Transmitter output 78 can have any know form of process control output, for example an intrinsically safe 4-20 mA analog current which provides all of the electrical energization for the transmitter with digital HART or Fieldbus signals superimposed on the analog current.
  • a memory 80 coupled to the controller 76, stores predetermined data 82 predicting magnitudes of transmitter output error as a function of cumulative excessive sensor output levels at 84.
  • the memory 80 also stores a record 86 of cumulative excessive sensor output levels.
  • the record 86 is accumulated in read/write memory that is nonvolatile such as EEPROM, while the predetermined data is stored in read only memory (ROM) .
  • a block diagram of an embodiment of a pressure transmitter 100 is shown.
  • a microprocessor system 102 includes a central processing unit (CPU) 104 coupled to a clock source 106.
  • CPU 104 has an address and control bus
  • a graph shows exemplary values for various magnitudes of transmitter error as a function of time.
  • the transmitter has a nominal specified range of error in the transmitter output shown between lines 180 and 182.
  • the transmitter's actual present output error varies over time due to overpressures as shown at 186.
  • the actual error shown at 186 is unknown to service personnel during the service life of the transmitter, unless the transmitter is taken out of service and the calibration is checked.
  • the prediction output, shown at 184 is available to service personnel and predicts the positive and negative limits of error based on the calculations done in the controller. As a result, the service personnel are warned when a recalibration of the transmitter may be needed. After recalibration is performed by service personnel, the record of cumulative excess sensor output levels can be reset to zero and the transmitter can be put back in service .
  • FIG. 8 shows a typical topology of a three-layer neural network architecture implemented in controller 76 and memory 80.
  • the first layer usually referred to as the input buffer, receives the information, and feeds them into the inner layers.
  • the second layer in a three-layer network, commonly known as a hidden layer, receives the information from the input layer, modified by the weights on the connections and propagates this information forward. This is illustrated in the hidden layer which is used to characterize the nonlinear properties of the system analyzed.
  • the last layer is the output layer where the calculated outputs (estimations) are presented to the environment .
  • an alarm signal can be provided prior to the ultimate failure of the sensor.
  • the alarms signal can be calibrated relative to the estimated ultimate failure time.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph showing amplitude of the output from a pressure sensor versus time. As illustrated in FIG. 10, there is a normal band or operating range for the sensor output. Occasional spikes tend to greatly exceed the pressure sensor output.
  • FIG. 11 is a graph of the total strain range and percentage versus cycles to failure for stainless steel. The various graphs in the figure are for different hold times of the strain. As illustrated in FIG. 11, the number of cycles to failure decreases (i.e., the life of the sensor shortens) with increased strain and with increased tensile hold time.
  • One aspect of the present invention is the recognition of the relationship for the number of cycles (N) to failure as follows:
  • a transmitter in accordance with the present invention can continuous monitor the pressure experienced by the sensor to evaluate the number of overcycles the pressure sensor has experienced. This number can then be compared through diagnostic techniques to the theoretical failure limit of the sensor material and a warning to be issued at a time prior to failure .
  • the transmitter can monitor the peak pressure and peak width and save this data in memory. During an overpressure, the peak pressure can be evaluated using a second order curvefit and using peak detection techniques. This data can be used to correct errors in the sensor output. Eventually, the sensor will fail and a warning can be provided prior to the ultimate failure.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Technology Law (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un transmetteur de pression (50) dont le signal de sortie (88) permet de prédire l'importance de l'erreur dans la valeur de sortie (57) du transmetteur de pression. Un capteur de pression (72) est conçu afin de capter une pression de procédé (74). Une unité de commande (76) couplée au capteur de pression (72) produit un signal de sortie transmetteur (78) représentant la pression de procédé (74). Une mémoire (80) permet de stocker des données prédéterminées permettant de prédire des grandeurs (82) de l'erreur de sortie transmetteur comme une fonction de niveaux de sortie de capteur, cumulatifs, considérés comme excessifs, et de stocker un enregistrement des ces niveaux de sortie (86). L'unité de commande (76) calcule une grandeur présente prédite d'une erreur de sortie transmetteur comme une fonction de l'enregistrement accumulé et des données prédéterminées, et produit un signal de sortie prédictif (88).
EP00959427A 1999-08-27 2000-08-25 Prediction de la marge d'erreur dans un transmetteur de pression Expired - Lifetime EP1206689B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US384876 1999-08-27
US09/384,876 US6701274B1 (en) 1999-08-27 1999-08-27 Prediction of error magnitude in a pressure transmitter
PCT/US2000/023402 WO2001016571A1 (fr) 1999-08-27 2000-08-25 Prediction de l'importance d'erreur dans un transmetteur de pression

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1206689A1 true EP1206689A1 (fr) 2002-05-22
EP1206689B1 EP1206689B1 (fr) 2004-12-01

Family

ID=23519120

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00959427A Expired - Lifetime EP1206689B1 (fr) 1999-08-27 2000-08-25 Prediction de la marge d'erreur dans un transmetteur de pression

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6701274B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1206689B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3515558B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1148571C (fr)
AU (1) AU7075500A (fr)
DE (1) DE60016422T2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001016571A1 (fr)

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US6701274B1 (en) 2004-03-02
EP1206689B1 (fr) 2004-12-01

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