EP1186831A1 - Appareil de regulation du rapport air/combustible d'un bruleur - Google Patents

Appareil de regulation du rapport air/combustible d'un bruleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1186831A1
EP1186831A1 EP01117153A EP01117153A EP1186831A1 EP 1186831 A1 EP1186831 A1 EP 1186831A1 EP 01117153 A EP01117153 A EP 01117153A EP 01117153 A EP01117153 A EP 01117153A EP 1186831 A1 EP1186831 A1 EP 1186831A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signal
control
control device
burner
sensor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01117153A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1186831B1 (fr
Inventor
Rainer Dr. Lochschmied
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Building Technologies AG
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Siemens Building Technologies AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Building Technologies AG filed Critical Siemens Building Technologies AG
Publication of EP1186831A1 publication Critical patent/EP1186831A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1186831B1 publication Critical patent/EP1186831B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements
    • F23N5/242—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F23N1/022—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
    • F23N5/123—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
    • F23N2223/04—Memory
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2233/00—Ventilators
    • F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake
    • F23N2233/08—Ventilators at the air intake with variable speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/12—Fuel valves
    • F23N2235/16—Fuel valves variable flow or proportional valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
    • F23N3/08—Regulating air supply or draught by power-assisted systems
    • F23N3/082—Regulating air supply or draught by power-assisted systems using electronic means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control device according to the preamble of Claim 1.
  • the ratio of the amount of air to the amount of fuel must be given Air ratio or lambda, in the entire performance range either by a controller or be coordinated with one another by means of a regulation.
  • lambda be slightly above the stoichiometric value 1, for example 1.3.
  • Air-controlled burners unlike controlled burners, react to external ones Influences that change the combustion.
  • the combustion readjusted after changing the fuel type or air density. she have a higher efficiency, hence a higher efficiency as well as lower Pollutant and soot emissions.
  • the environmental impact is lower, the lifespan will be extended.
  • Controlling the air ratio is particularly effective when using a sensor to check the quality the combustion can be observed.
  • Recent developments are based on the ionization electrode, which has long been standard for monitoring the Flame is used in burners.
  • Air-controlled burners that use an ionization electrode as a flame sensor are known from DE-PS 196 18 573. Such burners check the control loop among other things in that the measurement signal has a safety margin around the Should not leave the control setpoint in the long term during normal operation. Do this nevertheless, the burner switches off.
  • the ratio of air to fuel is first controlled, for example during the first minute after commissioning. First after that it will be adjusted exactly.
  • the tax period should be as short as possible due to outside influences during this Time cannot be corrected.
  • the quality of the control should monitored at least marginally and for plausibility in the specific circumstances become. Will the position of the fuel valve or air blower during the Tax period is not monitored by additional measures, so with one Defect, the permissible emission values are greatly exceeded.
  • the invention has for its object the quality monitoring during such To improve tax periods inexpensively and in a simple manner.
  • 1 means the flame of an air number-controlled gas burner.
  • a Ionization electrode 2 protrudes into the area of the flame 1.
  • the flame 1 is from an adjustable air blower 3 and an adjustable gas valve 4 fed.
  • On Safety valve 5 in the gas supply ensures faultless shutdown in the event of a Error message.
  • the air is blown through in some atmospheric burners the burner cable is fed and can be controlled by an adjustable air flap.
  • a control device 6 provides the air blower 3, the gas valve 4 and the Safety valve 5 as follows.
  • the actuator of the air blower 3 is operated by means of a power request signal 7 driven to a speed which corresponds to a speed signal 8, which as Input parameters for the performance request is used.
  • a different size e.g. B. the measurement signal Differential pressure meter in the ventilation duct, can be used as a performance variable.
  • the adjustable gas valve 4 is a control signal 9 via a not shown Motor driven.
  • a mechanical pressure regulator is not shown interposed.
  • the safety valve 5 is opened against spring pressure as long as a release signal 10 is applied.
  • the air ratio is regulated via the ionization electrode 2.
  • the Adjustment of the control signal 9 to the speed signal 8 takes place by observation of current and voltage at the ionization electrode 2 as a measure of the flame quality.
  • the speed signal 8 is fed via a filter 11 to a control unit 12 which is implemented as a program part in a microprocessor.
  • a control unit 12 which is implemented as a program part in a microprocessor.
  • characteristics stored which are the characteristics of a first and a second control signal 13 or 14 respectively. These characteristics represent one for each speed under their respective circumstances desired size of the control signal 9, here for two Types of gas with different specific energy values.
  • the control signals 13, 14 are fed to a controller 15, where they are based on the flame quality in one Control module 16 are weighted and added to form the control signal 9.
  • the Controller 15 is implemented as a program part in a microprocessor.
  • a sensor evaluator 17 processes two signals therefrom.
  • a sensor signal 18 is a measure of the quality of the flame 1.
  • a monitoring signal 19 inputs The flame 1 of a monitoring unit 20 in the controller 15 continues to go out.
  • the monitoring unit 20 interrupts a corresponding monitoring signal 19 out the release signal 10 and thereby closes the safety valve 5. So hear the gas supply on.
  • the sensor signal 18 is also fed to the controller 15. There it is first by means of a low-pass filter 21 smoothed to suppress glitches and flickering.
  • a comparison unit 22 is one generated by the control unit 12 and via a Correction unit 23 subtracted setpoint signal 24.
  • the setpoint signal 24 represents a desired size of the Sensor signal 18. The difference becomes a proportional controller 25 and one parallel integrating unit 26, the internal control value x newly determined, the two Control signals 13 and 14 re-weighted and thus the control signal 9 changed.
  • control value x can of course be set by other controller types, for example a PID controller or a status controller.
  • the sensor signal 18 is thus in normal operation at its current power associated setpoint and the combustion receives via the setpoint signal 24th set quality.
  • the air ratio is programmed during a starting process controlled until the burner and the ionization electrode 2 reach their operating temperature have approximated or reached. Only then does normal operation follow, in which the Air ratio is regulated.
  • the reason for the control at the start is, among other things, the inertia of the sensor, that measures the quality of combustion.
  • ionization electrodes not only ionization electrodes have such a delay.
  • an ionization signal can only be used for regulation about 30 s after the ignition.
  • Other sensors, such as ZrO 2 oxygen sensors in the exhaust duct, may take more than a minute, depending on the design, before reliable control signals can be obtained.
  • the control unit 12 During a starting process, the control unit 12 generates a start signal 27, which is fed to the controller 15 and causes it to be linear in time to generate increasing control signal 9.
  • a switching unit 28 chooses as long as that Start signal 27, instead of the control value x, off. Because the air blower 3 meanwhile generates a constant air flow, the air ratio is initially large Values always smaller. As soon as the mixture of air and gas is enough fat, you can the flame 1 is ignited.
  • the air blower 3 After a possibly pre-purge time has been programmed, the air blower 3 must have reached a fixed ignition speed at time T 1 so that combustion air is present. An ignition device already begins to generate ignition pulses periodically.
  • the controller 15 opens the safety valve 5 by means of the release signal 10 and generates an actuating signal 9 which sets the position of the gas valve 4 to its starting position S 1 .
  • the control unit 12 supplies the controller 15 with a start signal 27.
  • the start-up signal 27 determines a control value x 'as a provisional replacement for the control value x when weighting the two control signals 13 and 14. Their size is fixed at the above-mentioned ignition speed of the air blower 3.
  • the controller 15 weights the control signals 13 and 14 on the basis of the start signal 27, so that a control signal 9 corresponding to the start position S 1 appears at the output of the controller.
  • control unit 12 increases the control signal 9 in the above-mentioned manner according to a programmed sequence, the amount of gas per unit time being increased linearly.
  • the gas-air mixture is initially very lean and becomes fatter during the ignition process until ignition T 2 occurs.
  • the linear increase in the control signal 9 is stopped and the position of the gas valve 4 at its ignition position S 2 is kept constant.
  • the control unit 12 can then estimate the gas range on the basis of the ignition position S 2 and the required ignition time T 2 - T 1 and reselects the control value x 'so that it matches the estimated gas range.
  • the new control value x ' is, depending on the gas type, e.g. B. at 0.9 or 0.1. This leads to a re-setting of the gas valve 4 to a correction position S 3 .
  • the control signal 9 in FIG. 2 is therefore quickly corrected to the correction position S 3 at the time T 3 .
  • a fixed ignition position for the Gas valve 4 can be selected.
  • the control value x 'for the tax phase would then the ignition as a programmed value or as a learning value from the last shutdown determined and saved.
  • FIG. 2 represents the control signal 9 if it is calculated on the basis of the sensor signal 18.
  • This fictitious control signal S E would therefore be the control signal 9 if the control loop is not broken up during a starting process.
  • the monitoring unit 20 must of course, by means of an analog circuit or a program part, approximately simulate the behavior of the flame in response to the fictitious control signal S E and set the fictitious control signal S E so that the instantaneous measured value of the ionization signal 18 results.
  • the fictitious control signal S E is not suitable in this phase for the reasons mentioned above in order to enable regulation. Nevertheless, it has been shown that the fictitious control signal S E comes relatively quickly, for example 2 seconds after opening the gas valve 4, so close to the value that is optimally regulated later that it forms a reliable means of comparison for serious errors of harmless Differentiate inaccuracies of the control.
  • the monitoring unit 20 continuously checks whether the fictitious control signal S E or the associated control value X E is within a limit range around the actual control signal 9.
  • the limits are denoted by S 3min and S 3max in FIG. 2 and have, for example, the values of 0.90 times S 3 and 1.25 times S 3 .
  • the monitoring unit 20 also checks the otherwise unused control value x by comparing it with the control value x '. This comparison is equivalent to a comparison between the fictitious control signal S E and the control signal (9). The only difference is the previous or subsequent processing by the control module 16.
  • the monitoring unit 20 As soon as the fictitious control signal S E leaves the above-mentioned limit range, the monitoring unit 20 generates a fault signal (not shown) and issues the release signal 10 so that the safety valve 5 is closed.
  • the control device 6 stores the detection of a fault signal in a EEPROM, so the event after a possible failure of the supply current is recognizable again.
  • An unlocking signal, not shown, by the Burner operator can reverse the consequences of an earlier fault signal.
  • the monitoring unit 20 only switches off the combustion when the fictitious control signal S E has left the limit range for a predetermined time.
  • the monitoring does not necessarily have to be continuous, but could also be carried out discretely at one or more specified times.
  • the end of the tax period at time T 5 could of course also be preprogrammed.
  • the generation of the actuating signal 9 is carried out by processing the sensor signal 18.
  • the control signal 9 quickly adjusts to its control value S 4 .
  • the performance of the burner can be reduced to one during the control period other value in the entire permissible range.
  • FIG. 1 also shows that the monitoring unit 20 alternatively does this Ionization signal 18 instead of the control signal 9 or the control value x processed.
  • the monitoring unit 20 is compared with its setpoint signal 24 and may for example be one Do not leave the pre-programmed limit range, which can also be time-dependent.
  • a sole application of this alternative would be a very simple configuration enable the monitoring unit 20.
  • a comparison signal is in the form anyway of the setpoint signal 24 and the comparison is already through the Comparison unit 22 in the form of the difference signal 35 from the monitoring unit 20 fed.
  • Monitoring begins at time T 4 , shortly after time T 3 or even simultaneously.
  • the monitoring unit 20 checks permanently or at discrete points in time whether the ionization signal I E does not leave its limit values, which are drawn as I SOLLmin and I SOLLmax .
  • the control process begins at time T 5 on the basis of the ionization signal 18.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
EP01117153A 2000-09-05 2001-07-14 Appareil de regulation du rapport air/combustible d'un bruleur Expired - Lifetime EP1186831B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10044633 2000-09-05
DE10044633 2000-09-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1186831A1 true EP1186831A1 (fr) 2002-03-13
EP1186831B1 EP1186831B1 (fr) 2003-12-17

Family

ID=7655635

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EP01117153A Expired - Lifetime EP1186831B1 (fr) 2000-09-05 2001-07-14 Appareil de regulation du rapport air/combustible d'un bruleur

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6527541B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1186831B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002130667A (fr)
AT (1) ATE256844T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10113468A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1396681A1 (fr) * 2002-09-04 2004-03-10 Siemens Building Technologies AG Regulateur de brûleur et procédé pour ajuster un regulateur de brûleur
EP1746345A3 (fr) * 2005-07-21 2008-05-07 Honeywell Technologies Sarl Procédé de fonctionnement d'un brûleur à gaz
AT510002A4 (de) * 2010-12-20 2012-01-15 Vaillant Group Austria Gmbh Verfahren zur regelung eines gas-/luftgemisches
FR2975173A1 (fr) * 2011-05-12 2012-11-16 Snecma Installation de production d'energie thermique
WO2021165051A1 (fr) * 2020-02-17 2021-08-26 Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh Procédé de surveillance et de commande d'un processus d'une chaudière à gaz, et chaudière à gaz

Families Citing this family (14)

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US7424442B2 (en) * 2004-05-04 2008-09-09 Utbk, Inc. Method and apparatus to allocate and recycle telephone numbers in a call-tracking system
US20050208443A1 (en) * 2004-03-17 2005-09-22 Bachinski Thomas J Heating appliance control system
US7922481B2 (en) * 2004-06-23 2011-04-12 EBM—Papst Landshut GmbH Method for setting the air ratio on a firing device and a firing device
US7241135B2 (en) * 2004-11-18 2007-07-10 Honeywell International Inc. Feedback control for modulating gas burner
CA2552492C (fr) * 2005-07-19 2010-06-01 Cfm U.S. Corporation Registre de reglage de foyer active par la chaleur
JP2007298190A (ja) * 2006-04-27 2007-11-15 Noritz Corp 燃焼装置
DE102008021164B4 (de) * 2008-04-28 2011-08-25 Mertik Maxitrol GmbH & Co. KG, 06502 Verfahren und Gasregelarmatur zur Überwachung der Zündung eines Gasgerätes, insbesondere eines gasbeheizten Kaminofens
DE102008038949A1 (de) * 2008-08-13 2010-02-18 Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh Sicherungssystem in und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Verbrennungsanlage
IT1399076B1 (it) * 2010-03-23 2013-04-05 Idea S R L Ora Idea S P A Dispositivo e metodo di controllo della portata di aria comburente di un bruciatore in genere
DE102019110976A1 (de) * 2019-04-29 2020-10-29 Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh Verfahren zur Überprüfung eines Gasgemischsensors und Ionisationssensors bei einem brenngasbetriebenen Heizgerät
DE102019110977A1 (de) * 2019-04-29 2020-10-29 Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh Verfahren zur Überprüfung eines Gasgemischsensors bei einem brenngasbetriebenen Heizgerät
DE102020204647B3 (de) * 2020-04-09 2021-07-29 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Brenneranordnung, verfahren zum betreiben einer brenneranordnung und windfunktion
DE102022101305A1 (de) * 2022-01-20 2023-07-20 Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh Verfahren zur fehlersicheren und mageren Zündung eines Brenngas-Luft-Gemisches an einem Gasbrenner
EP4397907A1 (fr) * 2023-01-04 2024-07-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Commande de capteur de combustion

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US4436505A (en) * 1980-07-01 1984-03-13 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Device for detecting flame in open-type combustor and oxygen density of indoor air
DE3937290A1 (de) * 1988-11-10 1990-05-17 Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co Verfahren und einrichtung zur herstellung eines einer verbrennung zuzufuehrenden brennstoff-verbrennungsluft-gemisches
DE19631821A1 (de) * 1996-08-07 1998-02-12 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Sicherheits-Flammenüberwachung bei einem Gasbrenner

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US5253475A (en) * 1992-06-22 1993-10-19 General Motors Corporation Combustion detection
TW294771B (fr) * 1995-01-30 1997-01-01 Gastar Co Ltd
EP0821777A4 (fr) * 1995-04-19 2000-04-12 Bowin Tech Pty Ltd Appareil de chauffage
EP0770824B1 (fr) * 1995-10-25 2000-01-26 STIEBEL ELTRON GmbH & Co. KG Procédé et circuit pour commander un brûleur à gaz
US5971745A (en) * 1995-11-13 1999-10-26 Gas Research Institute Flame ionization control apparatus and method
JP3193316B2 (ja) * 1996-03-19 2001-07-30 リンナイ株式会社 強制給排気式燃焼装置
EP0806610B1 (fr) * 1996-05-09 2001-07-04 STIEBEL ELTRON GmbH & Co. KG Procédé pour le fonctionnement d'un brûleur à gaz

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4436505A (en) * 1980-07-01 1984-03-13 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Device for detecting flame in open-type combustor and oxygen density of indoor air
DE3937290A1 (de) * 1988-11-10 1990-05-17 Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co Verfahren und einrichtung zur herstellung eines einer verbrennung zuzufuehrenden brennstoff-verbrennungsluft-gemisches
DE19631821A1 (de) * 1996-08-07 1998-02-12 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Sicherheits-Flammenüberwachung bei einem Gasbrenner

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1396681A1 (fr) * 2002-09-04 2004-03-10 Siemens Building Technologies AG Regulateur de brûleur et procédé pour ajuster un regulateur de brûleur
EP1746345A3 (fr) * 2005-07-21 2008-05-07 Honeywell Technologies Sarl Procédé de fonctionnement d'un brûleur à gaz
AT510002A4 (de) * 2010-12-20 2012-01-15 Vaillant Group Austria Gmbh Verfahren zur regelung eines gas-/luftgemisches
AT510002B1 (de) * 2010-12-20 2012-01-15 Vaillant Group Austria Gmbh Verfahren zur regelung eines gas-/luftgemisches
FR2975173A1 (fr) * 2011-05-12 2012-11-16 Snecma Installation de production d'energie thermique
WO2021165051A1 (fr) * 2020-02-17 2021-08-26 Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh Procédé de surveillance et de commande d'un processus d'une chaudière à gaz, et chaudière à gaz

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE256844T1 (de) 2004-01-15
US6527541B2 (en) 2003-03-04
EP1186831B1 (fr) 2003-12-17
DE10113468A1 (de) 2002-03-14
JP2002130667A (ja) 2002-05-09
DE50101177D1 (de) 2004-01-29
US20020048737A1 (en) 2002-04-25

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