EP0030736A2 - Appareil de régulation de la quantité d'air de combustion pour un brûleur - Google Patents

Appareil de régulation de la quantité d'air de combustion pour un brûleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0030736A2
EP0030736A2 EP80107932A EP80107932A EP0030736A2 EP 0030736 A2 EP0030736 A2 EP 0030736A2 EP 80107932 A EP80107932 A EP 80107932A EP 80107932 A EP80107932 A EP 80107932A EP 0030736 A2 EP0030736 A2 EP 0030736A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
amount
combustion air
devices
combustion
burner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP80107932A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0030736A3 (fr
Inventor
Gustav Dipl.-Ing. Kaessmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Servo-Instrument In Deutschland Alleinvertrieb Der Beab-Regulatoren & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Servo-Instrument In Deutschland Alleinvertrieb Der Beab-Regulatoren & Co KG GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Servo-Instrument In Deutschland Alleinvertrieb Der Beab-Regulatoren & Co KG GmbH filed Critical Servo-Instrument In Deutschland Alleinvertrieb Der Beab-Regulatoren & Co KG GmbH
Publication of EP0030736A2 publication Critical patent/EP0030736A2/fr
Publication of EP0030736A3 publication Critical patent/EP0030736A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
    • F23N5/006—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties the detector being sensitive to oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/04—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply and with draught
    • F23N1/042—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply and with draught using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/08—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements
    • F23N5/082—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
    • F23N2223/04—Memory
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
    • F23N2223/08—Microprocessor; Microcomputer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/02—Measuring filling height in burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
    • F23N2227/04—Prepurge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2233/00—Ventilators
    • F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2233/00—Ventilators
    • F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake
    • F23N2233/08—Ventilators at the air intake with variable speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/02—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers
    • F23N2235/04—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers in stacks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/02—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers
    • F23N2235/06—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers at the air intake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/02—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers
    • F23N2235/10—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers power assisted, e.g. using electric motors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control device for the amount of combustion air in a fireplace with at least one device for changing the amount of combustion air and with an exhaust gas-side sensor whose measurement signal is supplied to the device or devices having a control unit or devices for changing the amount of combustion air.
  • the invention proposes that the control unit assigned to the device or devices for changing the amount of combustion air has a memory for storing the position of the device or devices assigned to the respective burner load for influencing the amount of combustion air.
  • This makes it possible for the control unit to note or save the opening position, in particular the stroke position of the supply air motor, for the respective burner load and then, when the same burner load is restarted later, primarily the fine-tuned stroke position at a fast running speed before fine adjustment of the target exhaust gas values the respective device for influencing the amount of combustion air assigned to the actuating motor.
  • the control unit can be equipped with a microprocessor for this purpose.
  • the position of the device or devices for influencing the amount of combustion air that the storage unit provided in the control unit as is quickly approached - without waiting for the later measurable changes in the exhaust gas values has stored the value which the device for influencing the amount of combustion air has assumed for a burner load which corresponds to the burner load now approached. Only then does fine adjustment take place depending on the exhaust gas values.
  • the facility or facilities for influencing the b amount of combustion air are usually designed as flaps which can be actuated by a servomotor.
  • the residual oxygen value can be measured.
  • the corresponding change in the residual oxygen value is not only delayed, but also not linear; rather, the corresponding curve shows a strong tendency to break out and only slowly settles to the new constant value. If the flap position assigned to the new burner load were readjusted as a function of the residual oxygen value measured in the exhaust gas, this would not be practical, since inadmissible combustion values could occur until stabilization.
  • the readjustment of the device or devices for influencing the amount of combustion air in the event of a burner load change takes place directly and with a linear course to the flap control value stored in the memory, that is to say practically congruently with the change in the burner load.
  • the fine correction from the desired value is then carried out.
  • the storage device is designed to be regenerable, in that the storage device stores the new control value of the device or devices for influencing the amount of combustion air, which in the given situation influences the oxygen externally of the combustion -Should value for a given burner load.
  • This measure takes into account the fact that optimal combustion is not achieved with all external influences, for example climatic conditions, with the same flap positions of the device or devices for influencing the amount of combustion air, but that different positions lead to optimal results under different external conditions.
  • the memory therefore stores the flap control value that was last taken in at a certain burner load after the adjustment.
  • the memory has devices for storing the information as to whether the position assigned to the respective burner load was approached from a larger or smaller burner load. This information can also be stored in the microprocessor.
  • the exhaust gas-side sensor as a device for measuring the smoke density or soot density (for oil combustion) or as a device for measuring the CO value (for gas combustion) or as a sensor for optically detecting the flame temperature spectrum is trained.
  • This measure is based on the consideration that the setting of the oxygen values depends on the minimum supply air quantity at which the combustion just takes place without excessive soot formation (in oil combustion) or CO formation (in gas combustion), and that the soot value or
  • C O value represents the guide variable for the residual oxygen value, and that the flame temperature will decrease if the combustion air is too much or too little.
  • the direct control according to the soot values or CO values or flame temperature values thus offers the advantage of only having to specify a single setpoint for the control unit.
  • the combustion air quantity is regulated on the supply air side as a function of the oxygen content in the exhaust gas, it being necessary to provide the control unit with oxygen setpoints as a function of the burner load, since this is the possible and optimal one
  • the oxygen value is not the same for all burner loads.
  • Another advantage of the feature of the invention explained above is that mechanical changes to the burner or to the burner nozzle or soot deposits in the boiler, which have an influence on the optimum minimum oxygen values, are taken into account directly in the measurement.
  • the soot or CO setpoint or flame temperature setpoint set on the control unit can always be maintained, while an oxygen setpoint curve can be subject to possible changes and requires at least an annual check.
  • the device for measuring the smoke density or soot density is preferably designed as a photoelectric device.
  • the measurement of the oxygen value in the exhaust gas can also be carried out for monitoring purposes.
  • coordinated devices which can be influenced at the same time by the control unit, are provided for influencing the amount of combustion air on the supply and exhaust sides.
  • This measure is advantageous for the following reasons. If the supply air quantity is influenced as a function of the respective exhaust gas values, the disadvantage arises that with this regulation of the combustion air quantity, the combustion chamber pressure is negatively influenced by the purely supply air regulation, which limits the regulation or optimization of the combustion air quantity. In particular, the amount of combustion air must not be throttled as much as the combustion chamber pressure drops as the amount of combustion air increases and the mixing energy between the fuel and the combustion air is reduced so that optimal combustion no longer occurs and thus undesirable CO or soot development occurs.
  • the devices for influencing the amount of combustion air on the supply air and exhaust side are preferably designed as control flaps.
  • the regulation on the supply air side can be carried out by speed control of the fan.
  • a so-called zero position is assigned to both devices. This zero position is the fully open position in the device for influencing the amount of combustion air on the exhaust gas side. In the device for influencing the supply air side, the zero position can mean the fully extended or also the fully inserted position.
  • the total stroke of the supply-side device for influencing the amount of combustion air is limited by limit switches. Which of the two end positions is considered the zero position depends on which supply air volume supply is guaranteed for which combustion is flawless, but with unsatisfactory exhaust gas values.
  • the devices for influencing the amount of combustion air on the supply air and exhaust side assume the zero position or open starting position when the burner is switched off or a fault occurs. Starting from this zero position or open starting position, control is then carried out in the direction reducing the supply air quantity when the flame starts.
  • the Er Invention can be provided that the burner pre-ventilation and flame start each take the zero positions of both devices, that is, the supply-side and the exhaust-side device.
  • the regulation according to exhaust gas values is only activated after the start of combustion.
  • a safety circuit is provided to ensure harmless combustion even when the control is defective.
  • the device for influencing the amount of combustion air on the supply air side is moved back to the zero position or open starting position by means of a device which responds when the setpoint of soot, CO or oxygen falls below or is exceeded, and a time switch device for monitoring the retraction or Reaching the zero position or open starting position is provided, and the time switch device emits a signal that causes a fault or a shutdown of the burner when a predetermined time is exceeded.
  • This facility works in the following way. The exhaust gas values of the measuring point are compared at regular intervals by applying a certain oxygen concentration from a measuring gas bottle to the measuring point and re-calibrated.
  • the setpoint curve specification is assigned a certain width, and the measured soot, CO or oxygen value is compared with the specification values to determine whether the measured values lie within or outside the bandwidth assigned to the specification values. If this is exceeded or undershot Values, the supply air servomotor is moved directly to the zero position or open starting position. This can be done via an external power grid or mechanically. Reaching the zero position or open starting position is monitored by the time switch. If any defect - in particular on the servomotor of the supply air flap - prevents the servomotor from moving back to the zero position or open starting position, then after the specified time has elapsed, a signal indicating a malfunction and / or a shutdown of the burner will be given by the time switch device.
  • a boiler 1 has a fireplace 2, in which the flame 3 of a burner 4 burns, to which combustion air can be supplied by a fan 5.
  • a control flap 7 is arranged, which can be actuated via a servomotor 8 having a plurality of speed ranges, in such a way that the combustion air quantity can be regulated on the supply air side.
  • the control takes place via a control unit 9, which is connected via a line 10 to the Servomotor 8 is connected.
  • the servomotor 8 is also connected via a line 11 to a compound controller 12 which is connected via a line 13 to a servomotor 14 for a burner valve 15.
  • the servomotor 14 is also connected via a line 16 to a burner load sensor 17, which in turn is connected to the control unit 9 via a line 18.
  • a sensor for the optical detection of the flame temperature spectrum is provided, but not shown.
  • a switching arrangement 29 having transmission relays is connected to a control cabinet 30, in which the burner control is contained. The switching connection with the control cabinet 30 is used to provide information about the burner's operating phase and the safety shutdown.
  • a position potentiometer assigned to the exhaust flap 22 and serving as a measuring transducer is designated. Connecting lines bear the reference numbers 32 and 33.
  • a position potentiometer, which also serves as a measuring sensor and is assigned to the supply air flap 7, is designated by 34. This potentiometer 34 is connected to the control unit 9 via a line 35.
  • a measuring gas bottle 36 which contains a defined oxygen concentration, is connected to the measuring transducer 26 via a pipeline 37.
  • 38 and 39 denote lines between the control unit 9 and the transmission relay contained in the switching arrangement 29.
  • the influence of the burner control on the compound controller 12 is indicated schematically at 42.
  • Setpoint curves for the fuels gas or oil of a burner are given the reference numbers 43 and 44. These setpoint curves can be used to set the oxygen setpoint as a function of the fuel. nerlast be specified.
  • the oxygen value is plotted on the ordinate and the burner load value on the abscissa.
  • a pressure setpoint curve 45 is provided, by means of which the relationship between the pressure and the burner load can be predetermined.
  • 46 designates a regenerable memory for storing the position of the supply air flap and the flue gas flap 22 assigned to the respective burner load.
  • the respective flap positions are converted into electrical measurement signals by means of the position potentiometers 34 and 31 and fed to the memory 46.
  • a control center 49 which contains a microprocessor, is informed via lines 47 and 48 which fuel (oil or gas) the burner is being driven. This information is necessary in order to be able to call up the correct setpoint curve 43 or 44.
  • a line leading from the pressure transmitter 19 to the control unit 9 is designated by 50.
  • the pressure transmitter 19 is connected to the boiler 1 via a cannula 51.
  • the connecting lines bear the reference numbers 52, 53, 54, 55 and 56.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
EP80107932A 1979-12-17 1980-12-16 Appareil de régulation de la quantité d'air de combustion pour un brûleur Withdrawn EP0030736A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2950689 1979-12-17
DE19792950689 DE2950689A1 (de) 1979-12-17 1979-12-17 Regelvorrichtung fuer die verbrennungsluftmenge einer feuerstaette

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0030736A2 true EP0030736A2 (fr) 1981-06-24
EP0030736A3 EP0030736A3 (fr) 1981-09-30

Family

ID=6088689

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80107932A Withdrawn EP0030736A3 (fr) 1979-12-17 1980-12-16 Appareil de régulation de la quantité d'air de combustion pour un brûleur

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4396369A (fr)
EP (1) EP0030736A3 (fr)
CA (1) CA1161522A (fr)
DE (1) DE2950689A1 (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2515314A1 (fr) * 1981-10-23 1983-04-29 Seccacier Procede et installation pour reguler le fonctionnement d'une chaudiere a gaz
EP0083479A1 (fr) * 1981-12-31 1983-07-13 Atlantic Richfield Company Dispositif de commande de vanne pour une chaudière à tirage naturel
EP0088717A1 (fr) * 1982-03-09 1983-09-14 Arbed S.A. Procédé pour optimiser le fonctionnement d'un four
EP0088513A1 (fr) * 1982-02-26 1983-09-14 Honeywell Inc. Appareil de commande pourvu d'un thermostat électronique
EP0088975A2 (fr) * 1982-03-11 1983-09-21 Ruhrgas Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de surveillance des installations à combustion
EP0146690A1 (fr) * 1983-08-22 1985-07-03 Honeywell Inc. Détecteur de flamme
EP0173770A1 (fr) * 1984-09-05 1986-03-12 Furigas Electronics N.V. Thermostat d'ambiance pour une installation de chauffage central au gaz
AT386887B (de) * 1986-06-10 1988-10-25 Vaillant Gmbh Brennstoffbeheiztes geraet
EP0384280A2 (fr) * 1989-02-23 1990-08-29 Firma J. Eberspächer Dispositif de chauffage pour des unités mobiles
EP0697564A1 (fr) * 1994-08-16 1996-02-21 ABB Research Ltd. Procédé de régulation et de surveillance
WO1996021127A1 (fr) * 1994-12-30 1996-07-11 Firma J. Eberspächer Appareil de chauffage pour vehicule
FR2874419A1 (fr) * 2004-08-17 2006-02-24 Lgl France Sa Dispositif de chauffage pour une installation de conditionnement d'air d'une enceinte

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US4586893A (en) * 1981-12-08 1986-05-06 Somerville Michael J Control apparatus
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JP3193316B2 (ja) * 1996-03-19 2001-07-30 リンナイ株式会社 強制給排気式燃焼装置
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DE19636430C2 (de) * 1996-09-07 2002-02-14 Webasto Thermosysteme Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben eines motorunabhängigen Fahrzeug-Heizgeräts
DE19715040A1 (de) * 1997-04-11 1998-10-15 Bfi Automation Gmbh Brenner und Betriebsverfahren für diesen
EP0981025B1 (fr) * 1998-08-19 2004-11-10 Wolf GmbH Dispositif et procédé de réglage de vitesse de rotation d'un ventilateur d'un dispositif de chauffage à gaz, notamment une chaudière à gaz
DE19841877A1 (de) * 1998-09-11 2000-04-20 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung der Rußbeladung eines Verbrennungsraums
WO2005012804A2 (fr) * 2003-07-31 2005-02-10 Maxitrol Company Procede et unite de commande permettant d'evaluer les emissions de dioxyde de carbone provenant d'un appareil de chauffage en circuit ferme
US20090317756A1 (en) * 2008-06-18 2009-12-24 Mestek, Inc. Digital high turndown burner
JP2011208921A (ja) * 2010-03-30 2011-10-20 Yamatake Corp 燃焼制御装置
CN104272023A (zh) * 2012-03-29 2015-01-07 普乐泰克股份公司 流体燃料燃烧装置
DE102013111546B9 (de) * 2013-10-21 2016-03-03 Webasto SE Verfahren zum Einstellen eines mobilen, brennstoffbetriebenen Heizgeräts
DE102015010266A1 (de) * 2014-10-21 2016-04-21 Testo Ag Verfahren zur Justierung einer Heizungsanlage, Abgasmessgerät sowie Justierungsanordnung
CN106765064A (zh) * 2017-01-09 2017-05-31 泉州恒兴能源节能技术有限公司 一种火焰加热炉的降低污染物排放装置
US10591161B2 (en) 2018-06-09 2020-03-17 Honeywell International Inc. Systems and methods for valve and/or combustion applicance control
CN113883911A (zh) * 2021-11-03 2022-01-04 北京泓泰天诚科技有限公司 常减压加热炉控风方法和系统

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2515314A1 (fr) * 1981-10-23 1983-04-29 Seccacier Procede et installation pour reguler le fonctionnement d'une chaudiere a gaz
EP0083479A1 (fr) * 1981-12-31 1983-07-13 Atlantic Richfield Company Dispositif de commande de vanne pour une chaudière à tirage naturel
EP0088513A1 (fr) * 1982-02-26 1983-09-14 Honeywell Inc. Appareil de commande pourvu d'un thermostat électronique
EP0088717A1 (fr) * 1982-03-09 1983-09-14 Arbed S.A. Procédé pour optimiser le fonctionnement d'un four
EP0088975A2 (fr) * 1982-03-11 1983-09-21 Ruhrgas Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de surveillance des installations à combustion
EP0088975A3 (fr) * 1982-03-11 1984-09-12 Ruhrgas Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de surveillance des installations à combustion
EP0146690A1 (fr) * 1983-08-22 1985-07-03 Honeywell Inc. Détecteur de flamme
EP0173770A1 (fr) * 1984-09-05 1986-03-12 Furigas Electronics N.V. Thermostat d'ambiance pour une installation de chauffage central au gaz
AT386887B (de) * 1986-06-10 1988-10-25 Vaillant Gmbh Brennstoffbeheiztes geraet
EP0384280A2 (fr) * 1989-02-23 1990-08-29 Firma J. Eberspächer Dispositif de chauffage pour des unités mobiles
EP0384280A3 (fr) * 1989-02-23 1991-07-03 Firma J. Eberspächer Dispositif de chauffage pour des unités mobiles
EP0697564A1 (fr) * 1994-08-16 1996-02-21 ABB Research Ltd. Procédé de régulation et de surveillance
WO1996021127A1 (fr) * 1994-12-30 1996-07-11 Firma J. Eberspächer Appareil de chauffage pour vehicule
FR2874419A1 (fr) * 2004-08-17 2006-02-24 Lgl France Sa Dispositif de chauffage pour une installation de conditionnement d'air d'une enceinte

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DE2950689A1 (de) 1981-06-25
US4396369A (en) 1983-08-02
EP0030736A3 (fr) 1981-09-30
CA1161522A (fr) 1984-01-31

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