EP0697564A1 - Procédé de régulation et de surveillance - Google Patents

Procédé de régulation et de surveillance Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0697564A1
EP0697564A1 EP95112573A EP95112573A EP0697564A1 EP 0697564 A1 EP0697564 A1 EP 0697564A1 EP 95112573 A EP95112573 A EP 95112573A EP 95112573 A EP95112573 A EP 95112573A EP 0697564 A1 EP0697564 A1 EP 0697564A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sensor
control
monitoring unit
signal
combustion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95112573A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0697564B1 (fr
Inventor
Gunar Baier
Harald Weber
Albrecht Vogel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAMTEC MESS- UND REGELTECHNIK FUER FEUERUNGEN GMBH
Original Assignee
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Research Ltd Switzerland, ABB Research Ltd Sweden filed Critical ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Publication of EP0697564A1 publication Critical patent/EP0697564A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0697564B1 publication Critical patent/EP0697564B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
    • F23N2223/14—Differentiation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
    • F23N2227/12—Burner simulation or checking
    • F23N2227/16—Checking components, e.g. electronic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2231/00—Fail safe
    • F23N2231/10—Fail safe for component failures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/02—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers
    • F23N2235/06—Air or combustion gas valves or dampers at the air intake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for controlling combustion
    • F23N2900/05001—Measuring CO content in flue gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
    • F23N5/006—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties the detector being sensitive to oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for regulating and monitoring the combustion of a furnace according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • German patent application P 43 40 534.7 describes a method for regulating and monitoring a combustion system, the operating point of the combustion system being checked cyclically to determine whether its setting ensures the lowest possible excess of oxygen in the exhaust gas.
  • Two sensors are used for the detection of the exhaust gas components, one for determining the oxygen content and the second for detecting of the hydrogen content in the exhaust gas.
  • the signal inputs and signal outputs of the two sensors are connected to the signal inputs and outputs of a processing unit, from which, among other things, all fault messages are output.
  • the output signal of the processing unit is fed to a control device. With its output signal, which is fed to an actuator, this can control the air supply for the combustion system with the aid of an air flap.
  • the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas can also be determined with the probe, which is provided for detecting the hydrogen, in the state of complete combustion. This makes it possible to use the two probes for mutual monitoring, which increases the safety of the system.
  • a disadvantage of this method, however, is that two probes are required, which doubles the circuit complexity of the control.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for fail-safe monitoring and control of firing systems, for which a minimum of probes and regulating and control devices is required.
  • a special feature of the method according to the invention is that only one sensor is required for monitoring the furnace. Its signal is evaluated redundantly with the help of a control and monitoring unit.
  • the control and monitoring unit processes the stationary signal from the sensor, the signals from the actuators for the fuel and air supply and the dynamic signal from the sensor. It also determines the differential change in the sensor signal with the change in the position of the actuator for the air supply.
  • the combustion system to be monitored and regulated has at least one adjustable air flap which is driven by a servomotor, and the respective position of the air flap is available to the regulation and monitoring device as a measured value.
  • the combustion system is also monitored, the dynamic sensor behavior dU / dt and the differential change in the sensor signal with the change in the actuator position dU / dS.
  • Another advantage of the method is that the functionality of the sensor is continuously checked. This check takes place on the one hand by registering the signal change of the sensor in the event of a brief change in the sensor temperature and on the other hand by registering a short signal increase when the firing system is started. The increase in the sensor signal is caused by a brief increase in hydrogen / carbon monoxide emissions when the furnace is started.
  • the sensor used is described in DE-A-40 21 929. It has two measuring electrodes and a reference electrode.
  • One of the measuring electrodes is oxidation-catalytically inactive and thus enables the hydrogen content in the exhaust gas to be recorded.
  • the second measuring electrode is catalytically active. It can be used to determine the oxygen content in the exhaust gas.
  • the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas can be determined from the sensor signal.
  • the sensor signal assumes significantly higher values from which the concentration of the oxidizable gas components can be determined.
  • Fig. 1 shows a furnace 1, with a burner 2, a furnace 3, an actuator 4 for the fuel supply to the burner, an actuator 5 for the air supply to the burner, one Exhaust gas duct 6, a sensor 7 and a control and monitoring unit 8.
  • the sensor 7 is installed in the exhaust duct 6 at the outlet of the combustion chamber 3. Its signal inputs and outputs 7A and 7B are connected to the signal inputs and outputs 8A and 8B of the control and monitoring unit 8.
  • the signal outputs 8V and 8W of the control and monitoring unit 8 are connected to the signal inputs of the actuators 4 and 5 for the supply of fuel and the supply of air to the burner 2.
  • Curve U shows the course of the stationary sensor signal, which can pass through areas A, B, C.
  • area A there is incomplete combustion due to lack of air
  • area B there is incomplete combustion due to excess air
  • area C there is complete combustion.
  • incomplete combustion can occur due to lack of air as well as excess air. If the excess of air is very high, the flame is cooled and the flame is incompletely burned due to the low temperature of the flame.
  • area C of complete combustion the residual oxygen in the flue gas can be determined from the stationary sensor signal.
  • a conventional lambda control can be carried out with the sensor 7. If the burner 2 moves into an area of incomplete combustion, the emission of unburned gas components such as hydrogen and carbon monoxide increases.
  • the signal curve U of the sensor 7 is plotted over the respectively associated position S of the actuator 5.
  • ⁇ GÜ
  • Countermeasures are initiated automatically by the control and monitoring unit 8. These can consist of an increase in the air supply when the combustion system moves into the area of lack of air, or a reduction in the air supply if the incomplete combustion takes place due to excess air.
  • the slope ⁇ AM or ⁇ AÜ is now even greater than a fixed and stored limit value ⁇ OM or ⁇ OÜ .
  • the limit values e ⁇ OM and ⁇ OÜ are determined from the signal curve U O plotted in FIG. This is plotted over the respectively associated position S of the actuator 5.
  • the signal curve U O corresponds to that of a sensor 7 if it works as a pure oxygen sensor or has lost its ability to detect hydrogen or carbon.
  • the control and monitoring unit 8 recognizes that the combustion system is incomplete combustion. If the values ⁇ O are reached or undershot by the sensor signal U of the sensor 7, the control and monitoring unit 8 recognizes that the sensor 7 must be replaced due to aging.
  • the control and monitoring unit 8 can use the course of the dynamic signal to recognize whether the combustion system is in the state of incomplete combustion or not. Countermeasures are then automatically initiated by the control and monitoring unit 8.
  • This test can be performed either when the burner is shut down in air or when the burner is pre-vented, or while it is operating during a complete combustion condition.
  • the temperature change is caused, for example, by a brief change in the heating voltage, as shown in FIG. 6. If no change in the sensor voltage dU is detected, the measuring electrode (not shown here) is faulty and the sensor 7 must be replaced.
  • the test as to whether the measuring electrode (not shown here) of the sensor 7 is still able to detect hydrogen or carbon monoxide can be carried out during the starting process of the burner. This test is explained with reference to FIG. 7. When the burner is ignited, there is inevitably a brief hydrogen / carbon monoxide emission, which the sensor 7 detects when its sensitive function is in order. If the sensor 7 does not recognize the rise in hydrogen and / or carbon monoxide shortly after the ignition process, it is defective and must be replaced. This is also displayed by the control and monitoring unit 8.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
EP95112573A 1994-08-16 1995-08-10 Procédé de régulation et de surveillance de la combustion dans un four Expired - Lifetime EP0697564B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4428953A DE4428953C2 (de) 1994-08-16 1994-08-16 Verfahren zur Regelung und Überwachung der Verbrennung einer Feuerungsanlage
DE4428953 1994-08-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0697564A1 true EP0697564A1 (fr) 1996-02-21
EP0697564B1 EP0697564B1 (fr) 1998-10-07

Family

ID=6525764

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95112573A Expired - Lifetime EP0697564B1 (fr) 1994-08-16 1995-08-10 Procédé de régulation et de surveillance de la combustion dans un four

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0697564B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4428953C2 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005052451A1 (fr) * 2003-11-25 2005-06-09 Nuvera Fuel Cells, Inc. Configuration de capteur de commande de chaudiere
DE102011010074A1 (de) 2011-02-01 2012-08-02 LAMTEC Meß- und Regeltechnik für Feuerungen GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren zur Überprüfung der Funktionstüchtigkeit eines Sensors und zur Regelung einer Feuerungsanlage
AT511316A1 (de) * 2011-03-01 2012-10-15 Vaillant Group Austria Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zum überwachen eines brenngas-luft-verbundes insbesondere eines heizgerätes
EP2300748B1 (fr) 2008-04-22 2016-10-26 Basf Se Procédé de régulation de l'ajout d'un combustible supplémentaire
DE102016014042A1 (de) 2015-11-24 2017-05-24 LAMTEC Meß- und Regeltechnik für Feuerungen GmbH Gasmessanordnung
BE1024267B1 (nl) * 2016-05-23 2018-01-16 V.F.M.Cvba Zelfregulerende haard

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10056064B4 (de) * 2000-11-11 2005-09-08 Honeywell B.V. Verfahren zum Regeln eines Gasbrenners
DE102012015549A1 (de) 2011-10-25 2013-04-25 LAMTEC Meß- und Regeltechnik für Feuerungen GmbH System und Verfahren zum Erkennen des Auftretens eines Überschusses an oxidierbaren Gasbestandteilen in einem Gasgemisch
DE102021101360A1 (de) * 2021-01-22 2022-07-28 Vaillant Gmbh Verfahren und Anordnung zum Erkennen und/oder Beobachten von Flammen in einem Heizgerät

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0030736A2 (fr) * 1979-12-17 1981-06-24 SERVO-Instrument in Deutschland Alleinvertrieb der BEAB-Regulatoren GmbH & Co KG Appareil de régulation de la quantité d'air de combustion pour un brûleur
DE4021929A1 (de) 1990-07-10 1992-01-23 Abb Patent Gmbh Sensor
JPH05118542A (ja) * 1991-10-28 1993-05-14 Osaka Gas Co Ltd 燃焼装置の異常検出装置
EP0666452A1 (fr) * 1994-02-02 1995-08-09 British Gas plc Détection de défauts d'un capteur

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3039994A1 (de) * 1980-10-23 1982-05-06 Karl Dungs Gmbh & Co, 7067 Urbach Verfahren zur einstellung von verbundreglern fuer brenner in waermeerzeugungsanlagen

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0030736A2 (fr) * 1979-12-17 1981-06-24 SERVO-Instrument in Deutschland Alleinvertrieb der BEAB-Regulatoren GmbH & Co KG Appareil de régulation de la quantité d'air de combustion pour un brûleur
DE4021929A1 (de) 1990-07-10 1992-01-23 Abb Patent Gmbh Sensor
JPH05118542A (ja) * 1991-10-28 1993-05-14 Osaka Gas Co Ltd 燃焼装置の異常検出装置
EP0666452A1 (fr) * 1994-02-02 1995-08-09 British Gas plc Détection de défauts d'un capteur

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 017, no. 490 (M - 1474) 6 September 1993 (1993-09-06) *

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005052451A1 (fr) * 2003-11-25 2005-06-09 Nuvera Fuel Cells, Inc. Configuration de capteur de commande de chaudiere
EP2300748B1 (fr) 2008-04-22 2016-10-26 Basf Se Procédé de régulation de l'ajout d'un combustible supplémentaire
DE102011010074A1 (de) 2011-02-01 2012-08-02 LAMTEC Meß- und Regeltechnik für Feuerungen GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren zur Überprüfung der Funktionstüchtigkeit eines Sensors und zur Regelung einer Feuerungsanlage
AT511316A1 (de) * 2011-03-01 2012-10-15 Vaillant Group Austria Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zum überwachen eines brenngas-luft-verbundes insbesondere eines heizgerätes
AT511316B1 (de) * 2011-03-01 2013-01-15 Vaillant Group Austria Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zum überwachen eines brenngas-luft-verbundes insbesondere eines heizgerätes
DE102016014042A1 (de) 2015-11-24 2017-05-24 LAMTEC Meß- und Regeltechnik für Feuerungen GmbH Gasmessanordnung
EP3173784A1 (fr) 2015-11-24 2017-05-31 LAMTEC Meß- und Regeltechnik für Feuerungen GmbH Compteur de gaz avec unité de production de gaz de controle
BE1024267B1 (nl) * 2016-05-23 2018-01-16 V.F.M.Cvba Zelfregulerende haard

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4428953C2 (de) 1999-06-24
DE59503838D1 (de) 1998-11-12
EP0697564B1 (fr) 1998-10-07
DE4428953A1 (de) 1996-02-22

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