EP0614051B1 - Automate à brûleur - Google Patents
Automate à brûleur Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0614051B1 EP0614051B1 EP93114743A EP93114743A EP0614051B1 EP 0614051 B1 EP0614051 B1 EP 0614051B1 EP 93114743 A EP93114743 A EP 93114743A EP 93114743 A EP93114743 A EP 93114743A EP 0614051 B1 EP0614051 B1 EP 0614051B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- automatic firing
- fuel
- programmer
- output
- firing arrangement
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Revoked
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/26—Details
- F23N5/265—Details using electronic means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
- F23N5/006—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties the detector being sensitive to oxygen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
- F23N2223/08—Microprocessor; Microcomputer
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
- F23N2227/20—Calibrating devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2233/00—Ventilators
- F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake
- F23N2233/08—Ventilators at the air intake with variable speed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
- F23N2235/30—Pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/20—Systems for controlling combustion with a time programme acting through electrical means, e.g. using time-delay relays
Definitions
- the invention relates to an automatic burner control according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Such burner controls are part of devices for controlling the combustion in small to medium-sized heat generation systems that are operated with liquid fuels.
- Such burner controls are known, for example, from the Landis & Gyr company publication 7461D "Burner Control LFE1". With the help of such a burner control, the air blower, fuel pump (e.g. oil pump), fuel valve and ignition device are controlled. This means that both the commissioning process for a burner can be controlled and monitored, and the operation following such a commissioning process, with a separate power controller being used for power control. From DE-A1-29 20 343 a device for controlling burners is known, which also includes a power controller.
- compound regulators in addition to such an automatic burner control, which regulate the material flow for fuel and air during operation following a commissioning process so that the combustion is optimized with regard to the combustion conditions, in particular with regard to emission behavior.
- a compound controller is described in DE-C2-30 39 994.
- a computer can be connected to such a compound controller, which replaces the microprocessor of the compound controller if the compound controller is to be adapted to the conditions of the incineration plant to be controlled when it is started up for the first time or when it is later adjusted. At least during commissioning, a probe that detects the exhaust gas state is used.
- the invention has for its object to provide a burner control that optimally a combustion system is capable of control and in which an additional computer is not required for the initial start-up or later adjustment.
- the single figure shows a diagram with a burner control 1 according to the invention, to which a blower drive 2 of a blower 3 and a fuel pump drive 4 of a fuel pump 5 are connected.
- the fan drive 2 is connected via a first interface 6 to the automatic burner control unit 1, this interface 6 in turn consisting of an operating voltage connection 6b, a control connection 6s and a feedback connection 6r.
- the fuel pump drive 4 is connected to the automatic firing device 1 via a second interface 7, which consists of an operating voltage connection 7b, a control connection 7s and a feedback connection 7r.
- the fan drive 2 is advantageously a speed-controllable motor, for example a DC motor.
- the drive energy is made available to him via the operating voltage connection 6b.
- the speed control takes place via the control connection 6s.
- the speed control is advantageously carried out by pulse width modulation.
- the corresponding control electronics are part of the motor to be considered as a unit.
- the feedback of the speed takes place via the feedback connection 6r.
- the feedback signal advantageously provides a Hall probe, which, together with its signal conditioning circuit, is also part of the motor representing a structural unit. Such units are commercially available. It is essential that the feedback signal is a sequence of pulses of constant length and constant amplitude proportional to the speed of the motor, so that the length of the pause between the individual pulses is speed-dependent. This ensures that the processing of the speed feedback signal can be done either digitally by counting the pulses per unit of time or analogously by integrating these pulses.
- the fuel pump drive 4 is also advantageously a speed-controllable motor which can be controlled analogously to the blower drive 2 and whose feedback is also designed accordingly.
- the fan drive 2 and fuel pump drive 4 can be, for example, EBM motors of the type M3G055-BD03-XA, VDB (32-38 V) DC, but are of course not restricted to this.
- EBM motors of the type M3G055-BD03-XA, VDB (32-38 V) DC, but are of course not restricted to this.
- the use of the same motor for both drives has advantages in terms of storage, spare parts availability and price.
- the burner control unit 1 also has connection points for a fuel preheater 8, for a fuel valve 9, for an ignition device 10 and for a flame monitor 11. In addition, it has a connection 12 for the operating voltage, usually for 230 V / 50 Hz and / or 110 V / 60 Hz.
- Such a burner control unit 1 is generally controlled by a heating controller.
- a control input 13 which advantageously consists of three individual input points: a first input point 13.1 for a general switch-on command, a second input point 13.2 for a command to switch on a possibly existing second burner stage and a third input point 13.m for a power request signal in the case of a modulating burner. If the control input 13 consists of these three input points, the automatic burner control unit 1 can be used universally for all burner types "one-stage", "two-stage” and "modulating". This is useful in view of a low-volume series production, through which the manufacturing costs can be reduced.
- the burner control unit 1 automatically detects which of the input points are wired before starting up as part of a self-test. He can then configure himself or, if the configuration has been specified, can automatically detect whether the control paths are still operational.
- a safety temperature limiter 14 Connectable to the burner control unit 1 is also a safety temperature limiter 14, the contact of which must be included in the safety chain of the burner control unit 1 in order to prevent the burner from being switched on under all circumstances, although the heat generator must be switched off due to overheating.
- the burner control unit 1 contains a power supply unit 15 which is connected to the connection 12 and which generates all the voltages required.
- the power supply unit 15 supplies the operating voltage to the operating voltage connections 6b and 7b, also via a fuel preheater relay 16 to the fuel preheater 8 and Via said safety temperature limiter 14 and a protective relay 17 on the one hand via a fuel valve relay 18 to the fuel valve 9 and on the other hand via an ignition relay 19 to the ignition device 10.
- the four relays 16, 17, 18 and 19 are controlled by a programmer 20, which is punctured by Lines is indicated.
- the programmer 20 is, for example, a microprocessor with associated peripheral interfaces and components.
- the programmer 20 also has an input which is connected to a flame amplifier 21 which amplifies the signal of the flame monitoring device 11 and forms it into a signal which is compatible with the programmer 20.
- Outputs of the program generator 20 are connected to the two control connections 6s and 7s.
- the programmer 20 is also connected according to the invention to a setpoint data memory 22, in which setpoints for the speeds of the blower drive 2 and the fuel pump drive 4 are created.
- Setpoint data memory 22 and actual data memory 23 are connected to a comparator 24, which in turn reports the results of comparison operations to programmer 20, for which purpose a corresponding connection is present.
- the automatic burner control 1 has a further interface 25 for connecting an exhaust gas probe 26, which can be an oxygen probe, for example.
- the interface 25 is connected to a setpoint generator 27, which is connected to the setpoint data memory 22.
- This setpoint generator 27 is controlled by an operating mode switch 28, which is also connected to the programmer 20.
- the operating mode switch 28 has two positions: a first position, the "SET" position, in which the setpoint generator 27 is activated, and a second position, the "RUN" position, in which the programmer 20 processes its normal program.
- the automatic burner control 1 thus has elements 25, 27 and 28 with which he is able to autonomously determine the data necessary for optimal operation of the incineration system when an exhaust gas probe 26 is connected.
- the setpoint generator and possibly also the operating mode switch 28 do not represent separate elements, but are instead implemented by program sequences that are processed by the microprocessor mentioned. Compared to an automatic burner control system without the options according to the invention, this results in only minimal additional costs.
- the "OFF" state is assumed as the initial state.
- the higher-level heating controller not shown in the figure, does not require any heat, so that the burner is switched off.
- the burner control unit 1 is in the “standby” state, in which the fuel preheater 8 and the ignition device 10 are switched off, the blower drive 2 and the fuel pump drive 4 are at a standstill and the flame monitor 11 must not report a flame.
- a signal appears at the entry point 13.m indicating the size of the heat demand.
- This signal can be, for example, a standardized voltage in the range from 0 to 10 V, 10 V meaning 100% power requirement (based on the nominal power of the burner), but alternatively also advantageously a digital signal.
- This signal reaches the programmer 20, in the case of a microprocessor as programmer 20 and an analog input signal via an analog-digital converter, not shown. With this signal, the programmer 20 starts the start-up procedure that is usual in automatic firing systems 1. For this commissioning process, the Programmer 20 from the target data memory 22 a value for the speed of the blower drive 2. The blower drive 2 is controlled accordingly by the programmer 20 via the control connection 6s.
- the blower 3 should then start up and reach the target speed after a certain ramp-up time.
- An initially increasing signal for the speed appears at the feedback connection 6r, which reaches a certain value after the ramp-up time has elapsed.
- This signal passes from the feedback connection 6r to the actual data memory 23 and is stored there.
- the comparator 24 now compares the values of the target data memory 22 and the actual data memory 23 and reports the result to the programmer 20. It should be mentioned here that, depending on the type of programmer 20 used, certain variants of the structure of the burner control unit 1 are possible. If the program generator 20 is a microprocessor, the comparator 24 can also be a program sequence that the microprocessor processes.
- an air pressure switch can also be installed. By running the blower 3, an increased air pressure is generated, to which this air pressure switch responds. The response of the air pressure switch is communicated to the programmer 20. If the air pressure switch does not respond, the continuation of the program sequence is stopped. This measure ensures that the burner cannot go into operation if the fan drive 2 is running correctly, but the required air mass flow is not promoted by any circumstances.
- the ignition device 10 is then switched on by the programmer 20 in that the ignition relay 19 is activated.
- the fact that the ignition device 10 actually receives voltage has the prerequisite that the current path via the safety temperature limiter 14 and the protective relay 17 is closed.
- the programmer 20 also fetches from the target data memory 22 a target value for the target value for the speed of the fan drive 2 Speed of the fuel pump drive 4.
- the fuel pump drive 4 is controlled and monitored in the same way as the blower drive 2.
- the programmer 20 then controls the fuel valve relay 18, thereby releasing the flow of fuel so that the fuel-air mixture in the burner can now ignite.
- the programmer 20 then reads the value for the heat requirement at the entry point 13.m, and the setpoint values for the speeds of the blower drive 2 and fuel pump drive 4 corresponding to this power value from the setpoint data memory 22 fetched and the motors regulated accordingly.
- the entry point 13.m is queried cyclically by the programmer 20. Every change in the heat requirement leads to a corresponding change in the setpoints for the speeds of blower drive 2 and fuel pump drive 4.
- the setpoint data memory contains triples of values: burner output, speed blower drive 2, speed fuel pump drive 4. With continuous control (modulating), the Setpoint memory a corresponding number of triples, e.g. 128. In the case of two-stage burners, the setpoint memory need only record 3 triples (start, 1st stage, 2nd stage), and in the case of single-stage burners only 2 (start, operation).
- Generators for the control signals for fan drive 2 and fuel pump drive 4 are not shown in the figure. These generators can, for example, generate pulse-width-modulated or frequency-variant control signals. In the case of a microprocessor-controlled burner control unit 1, these generators are not separate components, but the microprocessor acting as programmer 20 directly generates the corresponding signals.
- the burner control unit 1 is characterized in that the relationship between the speed of the blower drive 2 and the speed of the fuel pump drive 4 is determined by stored values that can be freely selected. This can be for everyone Working point the optimal excess air can be set. It is advantageous that the variants of the burner control unit 1 for single-stage, two-stage and modulating burners differ only in the size of the target data memory. As a result, large quantities and thus low manufacturing costs can be achieved.
- the use of regulated DC motors as drives for blowers 3 and fuel pumps 5 has advantages in terms of robustness and size.
- the use of DC motors with a nominal voltage of 35 V has additional advantages in terms of safety, eg protection against accidental contact.
- the program of the program generator 20 can advantageously be designed such that when the heat requirement is increased, the speed of the fan drive 2 is increased first and the speed of the fuel pump drive 4 is only increased after a delay. Conversely, if the heat requirement is reduced, the speed of the fuel pump drive 4 can first be reduced and the speed of the blower drive 2 can be reduced with a time delay. As a result, air surplus is briefly ensured during load changes, so that a lack of air with the resulting unfavorable emission values is reliably avoided.
- the programmer 20 can automatically switch the operating mode switch 28 to the "SET" position if there are no values in the target data memory 22. In this case, he can control an indicator lamp or output a message on the display that "SET" mode is active, in which an exhaust gas probe 26 is to be connected to the burner control unit 1 at the interface 25.
- the operating mode switch 28 is automatically set to the "SET" position as soon as a signal from the exhaust gas probe 26 is present at the interface 25. This active relationship is indicated in the figure by a dash-dotted line between the interface 25 and the operating mode switch 28.
- the programmer 20 executes a special “calibration” program.
- Several predetermined operating points for the fuel quantity are approached one after the other and consequently the fuel pump 5 is controlled accordingly.
- An operating point is a certain desired burner output, which includes a certain amount of fuel and a certain amount of air. The amount of air for each of the operating points is varied by acting on the blower drive 2 until the exhaust gas probe 26 detects a predetermined signal for the desired exhaust gas state, for example until the oxygen content in the exhaust gas is within a setpoint range.
- the amount of air is varied in such a way that the starting values are always too large and then the amount of air is gradually reduced. This also ensures in the program sequence for determining the optimal target data that there is never a lack of air during combustion which would cause harmful exhaust gases.
- the quantity of air belonging to a working point at which the exhaust gas composition corresponds to the desired values is stored in the target data memory 22 for the respective working point.
- the setpoints are primarily the manipulated variables of the control elements for fuel and air.
- the setting is complete.
- the operating mode switch 28 is then - advantageously automatically - set to the "RUN" position.
- the burner control unit 1 controls and regulates the burner and the organs for supplying fuel and air in accordance with the power requirement at its inputs is present. It should be mentioned that it is also possible to specify the amount of air and adjust the amount of fuel as part of the processing of the various operating points and in the normal operation of the automatic burner control 1.
- the programmer 20 does not have to go to too many operating points as part of the "oak" program. It is therefore advantageous if interim values are interpolated for the measured working points. The result of this is that the processing of the "oak" program is completed more quickly and heat is not produced unnecessarily. The latter is particularly advantageous if the first start-up or a new calibration takes place in the context of a chimney sweep in summer. If the burner were in operation for a long time and the heat produced was not removed, the safety temperature limiter could respond and the complete "calibration" program could not be carried out.
- the number of working points can advantageously be selected independently: first three working points, a minimum power N min , a medium power N medium and a maximum power N max are measured. If the three points for the setpoint of the control values for fuel and air are not nearly on a straight line, intermediate points are measured. If these are still not nearly on a straight line with the neighboring points, further intermediate points are measured. The setting procedure is thus automatically optimized with regard to the linearity of the actuators.
- the invention offers a number of advantages over the known.
- an expensive and maintenance-intensive exhaust gas probe 26 is not required for the regular operation of the furnace, which is of great importance in smaller heating systems.
- the data memory of the automatic burner control unit 1 is automatically populated with values for the fuel quantity / air quantity pairs, for which optimal combustion takes place with minimal emission values. A setting by a designated specialist is not necessary.
- This procedure automatically takes into account different types of devices that serve to regulate the fuel and air volume. It is not necessary to enter the characteristics of such devices, so that the person responsible for the setting does not even have to know the technical data of the actuators.
- the solution described can be used in the same way for non-modulating and modulating burners. It is particularly advantageous for modulating burners because the conventional process for determining and entering the value pairs of fuel quantity / air quantity is extremely time-consuming and, due to the implementation by a specialist, is also cost-intensive.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Claims (5)
- Automate de commande de chauffe (1) pour la commande d'un ventilateur (3), comportant un dispositif d'entraînement (2) du ventilateur et une pompe à combustible (5) comportant un dispositif d'entraînement (4) de la pompe à combustible, l'automate de commande de chauffe (1) comportant une entrée de commande (13) utilisée pour le branchement et le débranchement et la prescription de puissance, une mémoire de données de consigne (22) pour des valeurs de consigne associées à différentes puissances, pour le fonctionnement d'unités pour la commande de la quantité d'air et de la quantité de combustible, et un générateur de programme (20), qui commande et contrôle un processus de mise en service et un fonctionnement continu d'un brûleur fonctionnant avec un combustible liquide, dans une installation de chauffage d'une puissance faible à moyenne, caractérisé en ce que- l'automate de commande de chauffe (1) comporte un générateur de valeurs de consigne (27) pouvant être activé par un commutateur (28) des types de fonctionnement,- le commutateur (28) des types de fonctionnement possède deux positions possibles, à savoir- une première position "RUN", dans laquelle le fonctionnement du dispositif de combustion commandé par l'automate de commande de chauffe (1) est commandé par le générateur de programme (20) en fonction des données mémorisées dans la mémoire de données de consigne (22), et- une seconde position "SET", dans laquelle le générateur de valeurs de consigne (27) détermine des valeurs de consigne pour les unités utilisés pour la commande de la quantité d'air et la commande de la quantité de combustible, en tenant compte de données de mesure d'une sonde (26) de détection des gaz d'échappement, qui est raccordée à une interface (25), et inscrit ces valeurs de consigne dans la mémoire de données de consigne (22).
- Automate de commande de chauffe (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le commutateur (28) des types de fonctionnement peut être commandé automatiquement dans la position "SET" par un signal de la sonde (26) des gaz d'échappement, par un signal appliqué à l'interface (25).
- Automate de commande de chauffe (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le commutateur (28) des types de fonctionnement peut être commandé par le générateur de programme (20) dans la position "SET".
- Automate de commande de chauffe (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le générateur de valeurs de consigne (27) se rapproche successivement automatiquement de différents points de fonctionnement prédéterminés.
- Automate de commande de chauffe (1) selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le nombre des points de fonctionnement prédéterminés est limité à trois, à savoir un premier point de fonctionnement pour une puissance minimale Nmin, un second point de fonctionnement pour une puissance moyenne Nmoyenne et un troisième point de fonctionnement pour une puissance maximale Nmax, et que le générateur de valeurs de consigne (27) se rapproche automatiquement d'autres points de fonctionnement qui sont situés entre ces points de fonctionnement prédéterminés, lorsque les trois points de fonctionnement ne sont pas situés approximativement sur une droite.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH66593 | 1993-03-05 | ||
CH665/93 | 1993-03-05 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0614051A1 EP0614051A1 (fr) | 1994-09-07 |
EP0614051B1 true EP0614051B1 (fr) | 1997-03-05 |
Family
ID=4192284
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93114743A Revoked EP0614051B1 (fr) | 1993-03-05 | 1993-09-14 | Automate à brûleur |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0614051B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE59305632D1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102005013546A1 (de) * | 2005-03-23 | 2006-09-28 | Honeywell Technologies Sarl | Verfahren zur Überwachung eines Verbrennungsvorganges eines Brenners |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19752839B4 (de) * | 1997-11-28 | 2004-11-25 | Webasto Thermosysteme Gmbh | Verfahren zum Steuern eines Heizgeräts |
EP1091174A1 (fr) * | 1999-10-06 | 2001-04-11 | Siemens Building Technologies AG | Méthode de réglage des caractéristiques de brûleurs |
DE19963974C2 (de) * | 1999-12-31 | 2002-11-14 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Gasbrenner |
EP3156729B1 (fr) * | 2015-10-12 | 2019-03-20 | MHG Heiztechnik GmbH | Méthode de recalibration d'un brûleur pour carburant liquide |
EP3156730B1 (fr) * | 2015-10-12 | 2019-03-20 | MHG Heiztechnik GmbH | Procédé de calibrage d'un brûleur pour combustibles liquides et appareil de contrôle pour un brûleur |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3039994A1 (de) * | 1980-10-23 | 1982-05-06 | Karl Dungs Gmbh & Co, 7067 Urbach | Verfahren zur einstellung von verbundreglern fuer brenner in waermeerzeugungsanlagen |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2138610B (en) * | 1983-04-21 | 1986-10-29 | Autoflame Eng Ltd | Fuel burner control systems |
US4645450A (en) * | 1984-08-29 | 1987-02-24 | Control Techtronics, Inc. | System and process for controlling the flow of air and fuel to a burner |
-
1993
- 1993-09-14 DE DE59305632T patent/DE59305632D1/de not_active Revoked
- 1993-09-14 EP EP93114743A patent/EP0614051B1/fr not_active Revoked
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3039994A1 (de) * | 1980-10-23 | 1982-05-06 | Karl Dungs Gmbh & Co, 7067 Urbach | Verfahren zur einstellung von verbundreglern fuer brenner in waermeerzeugungsanlagen |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102005013546A1 (de) * | 2005-03-23 | 2006-09-28 | Honeywell Technologies Sarl | Verfahren zur Überwachung eines Verbrennungsvorganges eines Brenners |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0614051A1 (fr) | 1994-09-07 |
DE59305632D1 (de) | 1997-04-10 |
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