EP1396681A1 - Regulateur de brûleur et procédé pour ajuster un regulateur de brûleur - Google Patents

Regulateur de brûleur et procédé pour ajuster un regulateur de brûleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1396681A1
EP1396681A1 EP02019917A EP02019917A EP1396681A1 EP 1396681 A1 EP1396681 A1 EP 1396681A1 EP 02019917 A EP02019917 A EP 02019917A EP 02019917 A EP02019917 A EP 02019917A EP 1396681 A1 EP1396681 A1 EP 1396681A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
burner controller
fuel
actuator
measure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02019917A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1396681B1 (fr
Inventor
Rainer Dr. Lochschmied
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
Siemens Building Technologies AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=31502723&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP1396681(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Siemens Building Technologies AG filed Critical Siemens Building Technologies AG
Priority to EP02019917A priority Critical patent/EP1396681B1/fr
Priority to DE50205205T priority patent/DE50205205D1/de
Priority to US10/654,152 priority patent/US20050250061A1/en
Publication of EP1396681A1 publication Critical patent/EP1396681A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1396681B1 publication Critical patent/EP1396681B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Revoked legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F23N1/022—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
    • F23N5/123—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burner controller according to the preamble of Claim 1.
  • a burner controller ensures, among other things, that in a burner the ratio of the amount of air to the amount of fuel, called air ratio or lambda, in entire performance range is coordinated.
  • lambda should be slightly above that stoichiometric value 1, for example 1.3.
  • the air ratio is advantageously regulated, for which purpose a sensor is required which Combustion process observed directly or indirectly.
  • a sensor is required which Combustion process observed directly or indirectly.
  • Flow sensors in the supply ducts a gas sensor in the exhaust duct Temperature sensor on the combustion chamber wall, a radiation sensor in the Combustion chamber, or an ionization electrode in the flame used for this.
  • Ionization electrodes in particular are sensitive to such flame changes. Special electrode designs have been used to try to solve the problem. In In 1983, JP-A-58 099614 became a spiral monitoring electrode released. DE-C-195 02 900 in 1996 showed different electrode shapes that are also dedicated to the air ratio control.
  • EP-A-1'154'202 has recently disclosed a burner controller according to the preamble of Claim 1 known.
  • An ionization electrode is also used as the combustion sensor used.
  • the ionization signal is compared with its setpoint, which one at the current power corresponds to the desired ionization signal.
  • To lay down a Setpoint curve is on during a setting procedure; over the whole Power range desired behavior of the ionization signal determined and in Burner controller has been saved.
  • the burner controller adjusts an actuator, for example modulating valve in the gas supply duct.
  • This burner controller enables precise air ratio control, which in particular can react quickly to dynamic changes.
  • Burner systems are usually equipped with an atmospheric burner are the control accuracy by the above problem of Changes in flame shape and size are affected.
  • the unpublished European application under the application number 01122047.2 describes some methods for such a burner controller calibrate.
  • the calibration causes the burner controller to follow the setpoint curve of the Ionization signal to any changed circumstances, such as an unexpected Contamination or bending of the ionization electrode.
  • the Adjustment of the setpoint curve a variable that changes over the performance range on what size by the burner controller as a function of measurement results is determined.
  • the required function constants are in one in advance Setting procedure determined and saved in the burner controller. Thus arises the setpoint curve of the ionization signal is new.
  • the invention has for its object to propose a burner controller, which enables reliable and precise control of the air ratio.
  • the said The object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1.
  • the burner controller first determines the current one Fuel energy content. For example, this is done with the help of an additional sensor.
  • a measure of the current Actuator position used which the burner controller conveniently already as a controlled variable is known. From a comparison with previously saved Actuator positions for different fuel energy contents then result approximately the current energy content.
  • the burner controller determines the then applicable setpoint for the signal of the combustion sensor. This can be done in a number of ways. For example, the burner controller iteratively adjusts the setpoint in small, predefined steps until an additional combustion sensor again determines the optimal air ratio. However, in an advantageous embodiment of the invention Data on desired signals from the combustion sensor at different Fuel energy content recorded in advance and stored in the burner controller Service. In normal operation, the burner controller processes this data, for example in that he continuously receives these desired signals, the determined instantaneous Fuel energy content weighted accordingly. The result is the Setpoint for the signal from the combustion sensor.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows the functional principle of an ionization evaluator 14 in a burner controller according to the invention.
  • a flame 1 is represented by a diode 1 a and a resistor 1 b.
  • An AC voltage of, for example, 230V is applied via L and N. If a flame 1 is present, a larger current flows in the positive half-wave than in the negative half-wave due to the flame diode 1 a through a block capacitor 3. This forms a positive DC voltage U B at the block capacitor 3 between L and a resistor 2 attached for the purpose of protection against contact.
  • a decoupling resistor 4 therefore flows a direct current from N to the block capacitor 3.
  • the level of the direct current depends on U B and thus directly on the flame resistance 1 b.
  • the flame resistance 1 b also influences the alternating current through the decoupling resistor 4, but to a different degree compared to the direct current.
  • a direct current and an alternating current thus flow through the resistor 4 as described above.
  • the resistor 4 is now followed by a high pass 5 and a low pass 6.
  • the high-pass filter 5 filters out the alternating current and blocks the direct voltage component.
  • the low-pass filter 6 filters out the DC voltage component, which is dependent on the flame resistance 1 b, and essentially blocks the AC current.
  • the alternating current flowing from the high pass 5 is amplified in an amplifier 7 and a reference voltage U Ref is added.
  • the DC current flowing from the high-pass filter 6 is amplified in an amplifier 8 with possibly small AC components and the reference voltage U Ref is added.
  • the comparator 9 outputs the output from the amplifier 7 AC voltage and the DC voltage emerging from the amplifier 8 compared with each other and a pulse width modulated (PWM) signal is generated. change If the amplitude of the mains voltage changes, AC voltage and DC voltage in the same ratio, the PWM signal does not change.
  • the monoflop 11 is triggered such that the output from the comparator 10 Pulse train comes faster than the pulse duration of the monoflop. Thereby appears constant when there is no flame at the output of the monoflop a 1. If there is a flame, the monoflop is not triggered and on Output permanently appears as 0.
  • the retriggerable monoflop 11 thus forms a "missing pulse detector", which the dynamic on / off signal in converts static on / off signal.
  • Both signals, the PWM signal and the flame signal can now be separated be processed further or linked by means of an OR element 12.
  • a PWM signal is shown as the output of the OR gate 12, whose duty cycle is a measure of the flame resistance 1b.
  • the PWM signal forms an ionization signal 13, which is a controller 26 shown in FIG is fed. If there is no flame, the output of the OR gate is 12 permanent to 1.
  • the ionization signal 13 can be via a not shown Optocouplers are transmitted to provide a protective separation between the network side and to reach the protective extra-low voltage side.
  • FIG. 2 shows schematically a block diagram of a burner controller 15 according to the Invention, which largely as a program part to run in a microprocessor can be designed.
  • the burner system is subject to a power requirement 22, which is a certain Air supply corresponds.
  • the air supply is a measure of that Burner output.
  • a non-illustrated one measures Control circuit with a differential pressure sensor over an air resistance in the exhaust duct the air volume flow of the burner system. Because of a resulting Differential pressure signal 20, the control loop sets the engine speed of an air blower 19th Because the differential pressure signal 20 is an accurate measure of the current air supply it is also used as an input parameter for the air ratio control. you would also have a controlled fan motor speed, a measured one Valve position, or another control variable can choose.
  • the supply of a fuel gas to the burner is adjusted to the current air supply in such a way that the air ratio is correct.
  • the burner controller 15 generates an actuating signal 18 that provides a gas valve 17 in a direct or indirect manner, for example via an engine.
  • a mechanical pressure regulator is usually also present in the gas supply duct.
  • the differential pressure signal 20 is fed to a control unit 23 via a filter 21.
  • Characteristic data are stored there, which are the characteristics of two control signals 24 and Set 25 for a lean or a rich gas.
  • a controller 26 weights and adds the two control signals and thus determines the control signal 18. This Processing of the control signals depends on the ionization signal 13, which with its the desired air ratio is compared to the corresponding possible setpoint.
  • the ionization signal 13 is an ionization electrode 16 inserted in the flame 1 generated by the ionization evaluator 14. It will be from controller 26 first smoothed by means of a low-pass filter 27 in order to avoid interference pulses and flickering suppress. A comparison unit 28 then subtracts one by one Correction unit 29 delayed setpoint signal 30. In the next step generate a downstream proportional controller 31 and a parallel integrating unit 32 one internal control value x for the weighting of the two control signals 24 and 25. About the Control signal 18 causes the internal control value x that the difference between Ionization signal 13 and its setpoint signal 30 is reduced to zero.
  • the control value x also represents a good one Measure of the energy content of the gas currently being fed in, that of its Compilation and pressure depends, the lean and the rich gas of the two control signals 24 and 25 form the reference.
  • data about the desired ionization signals are stored in the control unit 23, likewise in the form of two characteristic curves as a function of the differential pressure signal 20. Based on this data, the control unit 23 generates the present one Differential pressure two reference signals from which the setpoint signal 30 arises.
  • the Reference signals In order to the setpoint signal 30 corresponds to the gas type currently being fed in, the Reference signals by a proportional measure of its energy content, namely the Control value x, weighted and added.
  • the two reference signals can be equivalent first subtract from the ionization signal 13 by a comparison unit 28, and only then weight and add up using the control value x.
  • the setpoint is in the complex shape of two reference signals and a weighting factor Comparison with the ionization signal 13 offered. Other alternatives are possible.
  • the air ratio control contains two feedbacks and must therefore be followed appropriate choice of the settings of the proportional controller 31 and Integrating unit 32 have a dynamic damping, so a vibration-free behavior is avoided.
  • the control value x is also fed to a calibration unit 36.
  • the calibration unit 36 includes a watch that triggers calibrations at regular intervals. When it again so far, the calibration unit 36 first brings the power supply 22 and thus the input parameter of the air ratio control to fixed, predefined values. Then in a first step, it increases the setpoint signal 30 to bring the system in one sensitive work area slightly closer to the stochastic combustion point with the Bring air number equal to 1. The calibration unit 36 then records the value x1 of the settled control value x.
  • the calibration unit 36 increases this Setpoint signal 30 again. Consequently, the controller 26 regulates the control signal 18 Reduce the control value x on a slightly richer combustion. To for example 16 seconds when the control value x has settled again its new value x2 is recorded. However, the calibration unit 36 also calculates one Expected value 40 for the new value x2, namely from a polynomial development third order of the value x1, whose constants in an adjustment procedure for the Burner type determined and saved as characteristic data in the burner controller. The Expected value 40 is subtracted from the actually recorded value x2. Any Difference is an indication that the air ratio does not reach its normal level had the desired value and the burn was too lean or too rich.
  • the Calibration unit 36 indicate an emergency operation, or even the burner operation switch off.
  • the calibration unit 36 also averages by exponential weighting the difference value with the mean value of the difference values from the previous ones Calibrations, so that the younger ones outweigh the older ones. If the newly created mean value exceeds a low threshold value, then it fits Calibration unit 36 on the generation of the reference signals in the control unit 23, in which is one for the two characteristics over the entire differential pressure range small value added or subtracted. As a result, the higher one shifts Characteristic curve more than the deeper upwards or downwards. Afterwards the combustion in normal operation a little richer or leaner his. Repeated calibration makes the air ratio iterative in normal operation move to their desired value.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
EP02019917A 2002-09-04 2002-09-04 Regulateur de brûleur et procédé pour ajuster un regulateur de brûleur Revoked EP1396681B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02019917A EP1396681B1 (fr) 2002-09-04 2002-09-04 Regulateur de brûleur et procédé pour ajuster un regulateur de brûleur
DE50205205T DE50205205D1 (de) 2002-09-04 2002-09-04 Brennerkontroller und Einstellverfahren für einen Brennerkontroller
US10/654,152 US20050250061A1 (en) 2002-09-04 2003-09-03 Burner controller and adjusting method for a burner controller

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02019917A EP1396681B1 (fr) 2002-09-04 2002-09-04 Regulateur de brûleur et procédé pour ajuster un regulateur de brûleur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1396681A1 true EP1396681A1 (fr) 2004-03-10
EP1396681B1 EP1396681B1 (fr) 2005-12-07

Family

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EP02019917A Revoked EP1396681B1 (fr) 2002-09-04 2002-09-04 Regulateur de brûleur et procédé pour ajuster un regulateur de brûleur

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US (1) US20050250061A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1396681B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE50205205D1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007059991A1 (fr) * 2005-11-25 2007-05-31 Gvp Gesellschaft Zur Vermarktung Der Porenbrennertechnik Mbh Systeme de bruleur
WO2010097427A1 (fr) * 2009-02-25 2010-09-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif et procédé de commande d'une turbine équipée de plusieurs brûleurs pour des combustibles liquides ou gazeux
CN114060841A (zh) * 2021-11-02 2022-02-18 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0三研究所 一种锅炉燃油压差控制方法

Families Citing this family (10)

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EP1510758A1 (fr) * 2003-08-29 2005-03-02 Siemens Building Technologies AG Procédé de réglage et/ou commande d'un brûleur
DE10341543A1 (de) * 2003-09-09 2005-04-28 Honeywell Bv Regelungsverfahren für Gasbrenner
KR101591317B1 (ko) * 2007-05-25 2016-02-03 티악스 엘엘씨 버너, 시스템 및 연소 방법
WO2009110015A1 (fr) * 2008-03-07 2009-09-11 Bertelli & Partners S.R.L. Procédé et dispositif perfectionnés pour détecter la flamme dans un brûleur fonctionnant avec un combustible solide, liquide ou gazeux
US20100112500A1 (en) * 2008-11-03 2010-05-06 Maiello Dennis R Apparatus and method for a modulating burner controller
US20110271880A1 (en) * 2010-05-04 2011-11-10 Carrier Corporation Redundant Modulating Furnace Gas Valve Closure System and Method
DE102010055567B4 (de) * 2010-12-21 2012-08-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Stabilisierung eines Betriebsverhaltens eines Gasgebläsebrenners
DE102016123041B4 (de) * 2016-11-29 2023-08-10 Webasto SE Brennstoffbetriebenes Fahrzeugheizgerät und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines brennstoffbetriebenen Fahrzeugheizgerätes
EP3814684A4 (fr) * 2018-06-28 2022-04-20 ClearSign Technologies Corporation Brûleur comprenant un capteur de flamme de permittivité électrique ou de capacité électrique
US20230062854A1 (en) * 2021-08-25 2023-03-02 Grand Mate Co., Ltd. Gas appliance and a control method thereof

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US6289871B1 (en) * 1998-03-06 2001-09-18 Caterpillar Inc. Method for achieving minimum liquid pilot fuel delivery to each cylinder of a dual fuel engine while operating in a dual fuel mode
EP1154202A2 (fr) * 2000-05-12 2001-11-14 Siemens Building Technologies AG Dispositif de commmande pour un brûleur
EP1186831A1 (fr) * 2000-09-05 2002-03-13 Siemens Building Technologies AG Appareil de regulation du rapport air/combustible d'un bruleur

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US4588372A (en) * 1982-09-23 1986-05-13 Honeywell Inc. Flame ionization control of a partially premixed gas burner with regulated secondary air
DE3408397A1 (de) * 1984-03-08 1985-09-19 Ruhrgas Ag, 4300 Essen Verfahren und anordnung zur bestimmung des mischungsverhaeltnisses eines ein sauerstofftraegergas und einen brennstoff enthaltenden gemisches
US4576570A (en) * 1984-06-08 1986-03-18 Republic Steel Corporation Automatic combustion control apparatus and method
ATE114367T1 (de) * 1989-10-30 1994-12-15 Honeywell Inc Verbrennungsregelung mit mikromessbrücke.
EP0770824B1 (fr) * 1995-10-25 2000-01-26 STIEBEL ELTRON GmbH & Co. KG Procédé et circuit pour commander un brûleur à gaz
US5993194A (en) * 1996-06-21 1999-11-30 Lemelson; Jerome H. Automatically optimized combustion control
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Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6289871B1 (en) * 1998-03-06 2001-09-18 Caterpillar Inc. Method for achieving minimum liquid pilot fuel delivery to each cylinder of a dual fuel engine while operating in a dual fuel mode
EP1154202A2 (fr) * 2000-05-12 2001-11-14 Siemens Building Technologies AG Dispositif de commmande pour un brûleur
EP1186831A1 (fr) * 2000-09-05 2002-03-13 Siemens Building Technologies AG Appareil de regulation du rapport air/combustible d'un bruleur

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007059991A1 (fr) * 2005-11-25 2007-05-31 Gvp Gesellschaft Zur Vermarktung Der Porenbrennertechnik Mbh Systeme de bruleur
WO2010097427A1 (fr) * 2009-02-25 2010-09-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif et procédé de commande d'une turbine équipée de plusieurs brûleurs pour des combustibles liquides ou gazeux
CN114060841A (zh) * 2021-11-02 2022-02-18 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0三研究所 一种锅炉燃油压差控制方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE50205205D1 (de) 2006-01-12
US20050250061A1 (en) 2005-11-10
EP1396681B1 (fr) 2005-12-07

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