EP1136779A1 - Chariot pour le transport d'articles céramiques - Google Patents

Chariot pour le transport d'articles céramiques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1136779A1
EP1136779A1 EP00890161A EP00890161A EP1136779A1 EP 1136779 A1 EP1136779 A1 EP 1136779A1 EP 00890161 A EP00890161 A EP 00890161A EP 00890161 A EP00890161 A EP 00890161A EP 1136779 A1 EP1136779 A1 EP 1136779A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ceramic
layer
joints
blanks
top layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00890161A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1136779B1 (fr
Inventor
Walter Dr. Linke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wienerberger Ziegelindustrie AG
Original Assignee
Wienerberger Ziegelindustrie AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wienerberger Ziegelindustrie AG filed Critical Wienerberger Ziegelindustrie AG
Priority to AT00890161T priority Critical patent/ATE302929T1/de
Publication of EP1136779A1 publication Critical patent/EP1136779A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1136779B1 publication Critical patent/EP1136779B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/12—Travelling or movable supports or containers for the charge
    • F27D3/123—Furnace cars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
    • F27D1/0006—Linings or walls formed from bricks or layers with a particular composition or specific characteristics
    • F27D1/0009—Comprising ceramic fibre elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to trolleys for transporting ceramic blanks, in particular brick blanks, comprising a drying and / or firing system Frame on which a metallic base plate is fixed and one on it Base plate arranged, comprising at least two layers of refractory material Support plate on which support devices for the ceramic blanks are arranged, wherein the top layer of the platen is applied at least in one layer Ceramic fiber and / or ceramic fabric mats includes.
  • the carriage moves to the undried ceramic blanks and these charged. All of this takes place at room temperature and still takes some time Claim during which the lower layers of the Cool down the platen. Due to the ceramic mat, the Burning channel prevents heat energy absorbed during loading and unloading.
  • the trolley is already preheated in the dryer duct, which means that it cannot Extract heat, but on the contrary give off a little heat and thus the Reduce energy requirements for the dryer system.
  • the in the platen stored residual heat ensures that the dew point in the dryer channel is not undercut, i.e. that the slight residual moisture still contained in the ceramic blanks is not can condense and form water on the platen.
  • the carts are very strong and relatively fast Exposed temperature fluctuations exposed, which makes the platen relatively greatly expands and contracts which processes, especially with continuous panels can lead to destruction.
  • the layers of the under the ceramic mat Plates are therefore usually made up of a large number in a plane next to each other and manufactured by small expansion plates spaced apart from one another by predetermined expansion joints.
  • the ceramic blanks are used to design areas of each ceramic blank built around or flowing air currents. These currents cause one slight erosion of the ceramic blanks, i.e. particles are removed from them. These are carried along by the air currents and in the expansion joints deposited. These deposits are burned and analogous to the ceramic blanks solidified. After just a few drying and firing cycles, they can Deposits assume such dimensions that the joints are largely filled and the individual panels are connected to form a continuous panel. The thermal expansions Contractions or contractions lead to tensions again, due to which the partial plates burst and thus become unusable.
  • a car of the type mentioned specify the ceramic mat that forms its top layer and the bottom ones Protects layers effectively against the ceramic particles discussed.
  • the fibers of the ceramic fiber and / or fabric mats made of aluminum, silicon, zirconium oxide, calcium silicate, calcium aluminate or Like. Or mixtures of these materials are formed, since these materials in addition to necessary temperature resistance have particularly good insulation properties.
  • the ceramic mat is therefore easy to handle, i.e. quick and easy to lay the lower layers of the platen. Are adjacent tracks close together placed close together, the joints formed by them can not from the Ceramic particles are penetrated, so that the requirement of particle impermeability remains fulfilled despite the multi-part design of the top layer.
  • top one Layer at least two superimposed, each running parallel to each other Layers having webs and that joints of the two layers offset from each other run.
  • the top layer under the webs in the Thin strips of refractory material such as e.g. Ceramic fibers, ceramic fabrics or the like.
  • Adjacent webs are sewn together along the joint they form.
  • Another feature of the invention may be that a layer of Support plate, preferably the layer adjacent to the base plate, made of calcium silicate is formed.
  • This material has a relatively high strength in the subject Application temperatures occurring with a low coefficient of thermal expansion on.
  • the metallic base plate made up of a large number of partial plates lying side by side like a mosaic is formed that each subplate with only at one point, preferably in the center is connected to the frame and that each partial plate is surrounded by an all-round gap.
  • the base plate can thus carry out thermal expansion unhindered despite these strains it remains completely flat. By ensuring this planicity is in further consequence also ensures that the platen remains flat.
  • the partial plates extending at about 90 ° to the main plane of the partial plates Borders are provided.
  • the sub-panels thus form troughs, which also alternatively to solid panels can be filled with loose, heat-resistant materials.
  • Seal is arranged in the gap between two adjacent partial plates. This seal is preferably on one of the gap adjacent boundaries set.
  • the Support devices for the ceramic blanks, rail-shaped supports and essentially Include bars running normal to these and lying on the beams.
  • Such support devices are full and stable on the platen; Furthermore, they have only a small contact area with the blanks, which means that Dry or combustion air flows can be applied to surfaces almost completely are. Finally, the support devices according to the invention have a low mass and therefore only extract a small amount of heat from the drying or firing channel.
  • Carriers designed in this way have a relatively small size Absorption of the necessary gravity from the brick blanks Strength values.
  • the notches are circular segment-shaped and one have a slightly larger radius than the rods.
  • the top layer is formed Lanes running parallel to one another, the beams overlapping the joints of these lanes are placed on the top layer.
  • the webs are thus in the areas of the joints of the weight of the Brick blanks pressed down, thus avoiding a gaping of the webs can.
  • the rail-shaped carrier made of silicon carbide and the rods are made of sillimanite, cordierite or silicon carbide because of these Materials have sufficient strength at the temperatures that occur.
  • FIG. 1 shows a drying and firing plant for brick blanks, comprising a tunnel dryer 1 and a tunnel kiln 2, both of which Components are arranged side by side in one plane.
  • a tunnel dryer 1 and a tunnel kiln 2
  • Components are arranged side by side in one plane.
  • uphole brick blanks 5 with symbolically illustrated upholes 5 ', but what merely by way of example, but in no case the invention for use in such Brick blanks is to be understood restrictively. Rather, the invention can be used in any Ceramic blanks such as Solid brick, roof tile, flower pot blanks or the like are used become.
  • the brick blanks 5 are by means of a carriage 3, which along a Rail system 18 is movable, transported through the drying and burning plant. It is worth mentioning that one and the same car 3 for both the tunnel dryer 1 and is also used for the tunnel kiln 2, the brick blanks 5 between these two Attachments can not be reloaded.
  • the throughput time of a car 3 through the entire system is approximately twelve hours; the high thermal loads to which the carriage 3 is exposed, are clear from the temperatures entered.
  • FIG 2 is first the grid-like frame forming the base of the carriage 3 to recognize.
  • This frame includes longitudinal beams 6 and 6 extending in the transport direction T. on this fixed, normal to the side members 6 cross members 7.
  • To the Side members 6 are mounted on wheels 8 with which the carriage 3 rests on the rails 18.
  • the longitudinal members 6 are in the drawings as U-profiles, the cross members 7 as I-profiles trained, but which are only preferred design options and at any time are interchangeable with other profile shapes.
  • a sheet metal strip 19 is attached along the edge of the frame extends in the direction of the support plate 4 and forms a border for it.
  • a metallic base plate 9 is on the cross members 7 of the frame fixed on which a support plate 4 lies, the at least two, in which in Fig.3a embodiment shown comprises three layers of refractory materials.
  • the metallic base plate 9 is composed of a large number of mosaics side by side lying partial plates 90 formed. These partial plates 90 are each only at one point 91, which according to FIG. 2 is the center of the respective partial plate 90, with the Cross members 7 of the frame connected, which is done in the simplest case by welding can. Each partial plate 90 is surrounded by an all-round gap 92, i.e. to each other Adjacent partial plates 90 are spaced apart from one another, adjacent to the sheet metal strip 19 lying partial plates 90 are arranged at a distance from this strip 19.
  • the sub-plates 90 can thus expand or Execute contractions without warping.
  • the base plate 9 therefore offers a temperature-independent, flat support surface for the support plate 4 lying on it.
  • Adjacent layer 40 is by a plurality of plates lying side by side like a mosaic made up of calcium silicate.
  • the overlying layer 41 is also made of a variety of Composed of individual stones, which are preferably formed from lightweight fire stone. In There are regular expansion gaps 41 'between the stones of this layer 41 provided, whereby it is achieved that the stones due to the temperature changes Can expand or contract unhindered in the drying and / or burning channel. Around To ensure a uniform, constant joint width over time, the Expansion joints 41 'ceramic mats inserted. Such expansion joints can also between the plates of the lower layer 40 or between these plates and the Edge sheet metal strips 19 may be provided.
  • the top layer 42 of the platen 4 comprises ceramic fiber and / or Ceramic fabric mats, which are applied in at least one layer.
  • Support devices 15 are on this multilayer support plate 4 arranged, on which the brick blanks 5 matrix-shaped with the mutual distances K and b are arranged (see Fig.3c). This spaced arrangement will ensured that all brick blanks 5 evenly from the air currents in Dryer 1 or in the kiln 2 are flowed around or through.
  • the direction of air flow in dryer 1 and Kiln 2 preferably runs in the direction of this uphole orientation, that is transverse to Transport direction T.
  • the support devices 15 comprise short column pieces 10, which pass through the soft Passed ceramic mat and on the underlying solid layer 41 of the Support plate 4 are set up and / or glued or concreted on. On this Column pieces 10 are provided with recesses 11 plates 12 on which the Brick blanks 5 are placed.
  • the top layer 42 of the Support plate 4 extending continuously over the entire surface of its support to train. This continuous extension can - as explained below - by one-piece formation of the layer 42 or by formation of the layer 42 in the form of Multiple lanes can be reached. In any case, layer 42 has a total to be particle impermeable, which in one piece execution by use Correspondingly close-meshed ceramic mats are immediately given.
  • layer 42 is formed in the form of multiple webs, layer 42 is also at least particle-impermeable at abutments 22 that may be provided educated.
  • the state-of-the-art recesses in the ceramic mat for the Support devices 15 are no longer provided and the support devices 15 on the top layer 42 placed.
  • the "particle-impermeable" formation of the top layer 42 means in within the scope of this application, this layer 42 is designed such that such Ceramic particles 14 from the blanks during the drying and / or firing process 5 are removed, cannot pass through them. Said ceramic particles 14 can be caused, for example, by erosion caused by the air currents in the Dryer 1 and / or oven 2, or by thermal expansion, which the blanks 5 as a result of Execute temperature fluctuations.
  • the top layer 42 can also be designed according to the invention so that smaller particles than the ceramic particles 14 (e.g. dust particles) from the lower ones Layers 41, 40 are held.
  • the support devices 15 can have any shape, they can also the design shown in FIG. 3a as column pieces 10 with plates 12 lying thereon maintained.
  • the support devices 15 comprise rail-shaped carriers 16 and substantially normal to these, lying on the beams 16 rods 17th
  • the rail-shaped carriers 16 are preferably made of silicon carbide; the Rods 17 made of sillimanite or cordierite, with others, the temperatures in Materials 1 that can withstand the dryer 1 or the furnace 2, e.g. Ceramics, in particular Silicon carbide or for the carrier 16 also cordierite come into question.
  • the specific profile shape of the carrier 16 and the rods 17 is also free selectable, because of the stable support, it has proven to be advantageous to use the rails 16 to form an L-shaped cross section and this with the ends of their legs 16 " to put the top layer 42 (see Fig.4a).
  • the rods 17 are due to the low flow resistance with low weight and sufficient Strength designed as hollow cylindrical tubes (see Fig.4b).
  • the platen 4 is in the embodiment shown in Fig.4a, b carried out in three layers, i.e. has an additional layer made of lightweight fire bricks 43 on.
  • the middle Layer 41 is not made entirely of light-weight bricks, but only its borders, while the inner sections are formed by calcium silicate plates.
  • the supports 16 are included Notches 16 'equipped for receiving the rods 17, in which notches 16' Rods 17 are inserted. These notches 16 'are at the intersection of the two in the Legs of the carrier 16 are generally of the same length.
  • the notches 16 ' are preferably in the form of a segment of a circle and have a slightly larger radius than the rods 17, with which the rods 17 are not full, but lie on the straps 16 with slight play.
  • the rail-shaped supports 16 slightly press in the ceramic mat, which impression is advantageous for the stability of the support 16, because this creates indentations in the ceramic mat in which the carrier 16 are locked into place. So that this locking effect can actually occur, the Width of the carrier 16 in the support area on the ceramic mat taking into account the weight resting on the carrier 16 (formed mainly by the brick blanks 5) so be chosen broadly so that a certain indentation depth is not fallen below.
  • the support devices 15 can also 3a and 4a, b can be a combination of supports 16 and rods 17 on columns 10 rest which pillars 10 in the inventive manner on the ceramic mat of the top Layer 42 are set up.
  • Materials for the fibers of ceramic fiber and / or fabric mats come for example aluminum, silicon, zirconium oxide, calcium silicate, calcium aluminate or the like. Or mixtures of these materials in question.
  • the easiest way to run the ceramic mat is to use it to be made in one piece over the entire surface of the support plate 4.
  • Weighing 3 for loading tunnel dryers and kilns are relatively large, namely several (5-7) meters long and wide, which creates difficulties in the Handling of ceramic fiber and / or - also having these dimensions result in fabric mats.
  • the uppermost layer 42 comprises, in addition to the webs 20 these in the areas of the joints 22 arranged thin strips 21 with which also a complete, complete covering of the with expansion joints 41 ' equipped layer 41 of the platen 4 is given.
  • the advantage of this arrangement is in that the particle impermeability of the uppermost layer 42 according to the invention even then is fulfilled if the individual webs 20 are not laid cleanly close to one another or in the Slightly delay the passage of time.
  • the thin strips 21 also withstand the high temperatures in the dryer 1 and / or have to withstand in the furnace 2, they are also made of refractory material, e.g. Ceramic fibers, ceramic fabrics or the like. Made.
  • the carriers 16 are the joints 22 of these tracks 20 placed across the top layer 42, as shown in FIGS. 4 a and 5.
  • Ceramic mats have the property that when heated for the first time slightly shrink, i.e. reduce their dimensions somewhat. This would have the consequence that if the ceramic mat webs 20 be pushed close to each other when the car is heated for the first time in the area the joints 20 columns arise. To prevent this, the webs 20 become somewhat cut wider and when laying in the area of the joints 22 in the direction of their Main layer compressed. The resulting compressed areas are shown in Fig.6b indicated by the narrower, meandering hatching. The compression takes place in that the fold-out 23, which form two sheets 20 which are too wide when they are placed against one another, (see Fig. 8) is depressed.
  • the top layer 42 comprises instead of a thick layer, two thin layers one on top of the other. Each of these layers is through several parallel runs of ceramic fiber and / or fabric mat sheets 20 formed, the vertically extending joints 22 of the two layers are arranged offset to each other.
  • the lower layer thus prevents strips 21 according to FIG. 6b, penetration of those located in the drying or furnace space Ceramic particles 14 into the predetermined expansion joints 41 '. You can also add below the joints 22 of the individual ceramic mat webs the thin strips 21 are provided and adjacent webs 20 are sewn together.
  • the discussed compression of the webs 20 in the at the joints 22nd Subsequent areas can also be the top layer in this two-layer version 42 may be provided.
  • FIG. 8 shows a modification of the metal base plate 9 Sub-plates 90 shown.
  • these partial plates 90 are at approximately 90 ° to the main plane of the partial plates 90 extending edges 93 provided in the simplest case are caused by angling the edge areas of the partial plates 90.
  • the borders 93 can also be formed by the actual partial plates 90 separate sheet metal strips, which are fixed to them, for example, by welding his.
  • the calcium silicate plates of the lowermost layer 40 have this boundary 93 bordered.
  • the partial plates 93 thus have the shape of tubs, which allows the lowest layer 40 due to loosely poured material, e.g. by pearlite sand.
  • a heat-resistant one Seal 94 arranged, which is preferably formed from ceramic fibers.
  • This seal 94 is fixed on one of the borders 93 adjacent to the gap 92.
  • a bezel 95 with a U-shaped cross section provided that is fixed to the edge 93, for example welded.
  • a metal strip 96 is fixed, which rests on the surface of the seal 94. If the partial plates 90 due to As temperature changes expand, the metal strip 96 will enter the seal 94 pressed or when the partial plates 90 contract, something out of this drawn. The gap 92 is thus closed by a seal 94 and a metal strip 96.
  • Lightweight bricks 41 "of the second layer 41 can have sloping sections Have side surfaces 97 and higher than the other stones or slabs of the second layer 41, namely also extending over the height of the third layer 43.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Handcart (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
EP00890161A 2000-03-22 2000-05-19 Chariot pour le transport d'articles céramiques Expired - Lifetime EP1136779B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT00890161T ATE302929T1 (de) 2000-03-22 2000-05-19 Wagen zum transport von keramikrohlingen

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT4852000 2000-03-22
AT0048500A AT411106B (de) 2000-03-22 2000-03-22 Wagen zum transport von keramikrohlingen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1136779A1 true EP1136779A1 (fr) 2001-09-26
EP1136779B1 EP1136779B1 (fr) 2005-08-24

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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EP00890161A Expired - Lifetime EP1136779B1 (fr) 2000-03-22 2000-05-19 Chariot pour le transport d'articles céramiques

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1136779B1 (fr)
AT (2) AT411106B (fr)
DE (1) DE50011020D1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1394490A1 (fr) * 2002-08-28 2004-03-03 Riedhammer Gmbh Charriot de four pour four tunnel
FR2858049A1 (fr) * 2003-07-24 2005-01-28 Optimise Chenets de supportage e produits, pour fours industriels
FR3139189A1 (fr) 2022-08-26 2024-03-01 Technique L.B Wagon de transport de produits dans des fours

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2447002A1 (fr) * 1979-01-17 1980-08-14 Coudamy Sa Thermique Indle Wagon pour four de cuisson
GB2063801A (en) * 1979-11-27 1981-06-10 Salviati Impianti Spa A truck or the like for conveying ceramic articles through a kiln
DE3343909A1 (de) * 1983-12-05 1985-06-13 Keramikindustrieanlagen W.Strohmenger GmbH & Co KG, 8524 Neunkirchen Transportwagen fuer tunnel- oder kammeroefen
AU564731B2 (en) * 1982-03-26 1987-08-27 Aci Australia Limited Furnace truck for use in a tunnel kiln
DE3832358A1 (de) * 1988-09-23 1990-04-05 Keller Gmbh & Co Kg Tunnelofenwagen (fuer die keram. industrie)
EP0430423A1 (fr) * 1989-11-28 1991-06-05 Foseco International Limited Voiture de four
EP0465679A1 (fr) * 1990-01-31 1992-01-15 Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha Bruleur a combustion superficielle intersticielle
DE9213134U1 (fr) * 1992-09-30 1992-11-26 Burton-Werke K.-F. Hensiek Gmbh + Co. Kg, 4520 Melle, De

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3123896C2 (de) * 1981-06-16 1985-12-12 Adolf A. Fleischmann Inh. Werner Fleischmann, 6000 Frankfurt Tunnelofenwagen
DE3328870A1 (de) * 1983-08-10 1985-02-28 Karl Walter & Co. GmbH & CO KG, 3000 Hannover Ofenwagen fuer brennoefen
DE3821589A1 (de) * 1987-06-27 1989-01-05 Keller Ofenbau Gmbh Ofenwagen fuer einen tunnelofen der keramischen industrie

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2447002A1 (fr) * 1979-01-17 1980-08-14 Coudamy Sa Thermique Indle Wagon pour four de cuisson
GB2063801A (en) * 1979-11-27 1981-06-10 Salviati Impianti Spa A truck or the like for conveying ceramic articles through a kiln
AU564731B2 (en) * 1982-03-26 1987-08-27 Aci Australia Limited Furnace truck for use in a tunnel kiln
DE3343909A1 (de) * 1983-12-05 1985-06-13 Keramikindustrieanlagen W.Strohmenger GmbH & Co KG, 8524 Neunkirchen Transportwagen fuer tunnel- oder kammeroefen
DE3832358A1 (de) * 1988-09-23 1990-04-05 Keller Gmbh & Co Kg Tunnelofenwagen (fuer die keram. industrie)
EP0430423A1 (fr) * 1989-11-28 1991-06-05 Foseco International Limited Voiture de four
EP0465679A1 (fr) * 1990-01-31 1992-01-15 Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha Bruleur a combustion superficielle intersticielle
DE9213134U1 (fr) * 1992-09-30 1992-11-26 Burton-Werke K.-F. Hensiek Gmbh + Co. Kg, 4520 Melle, De

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1394490A1 (fr) * 2002-08-28 2004-03-03 Riedhammer Gmbh Charriot de four pour four tunnel
FR2858049A1 (fr) * 2003-07-24 2005-01-28 Optimise Chenets de supportage e produits, pour fours industriels
FR3139189A1 (fr) 2022-08-26 2024-03-01 Technique L.B Wagon de transport de produits dans des fours

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT411106B (de) 2003-09-25
EP1136779B1 (fr) 2005-08-24
DE50011020D1 (de) 2005-09-29
ATE302929T1 (de) 2005-09-15
ATA4852000A (de) 2003-02-15

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