EP1134840A2 - Antenne - Google Patents

Antenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1134840A2
EP1134840A2 EP01103315A EP01103315A EP1134840A2 EP 1134840 A2 EP1134840 A2 EP 1134840A2 EP 01103315 A EP01103315 A EP 01103315A EP 01103315 A EP01103315 A EP 01103315A EP 1134840 A2 EP1134840 A2 EP 1134840A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
conductor piece
conductor
wavelength
current distribution
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01103315A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1134840B1 (fr
EP1134840A3 (fr
Inventor
Horst Prof. Dr. Ziegler
Horst Dipl.Ing Behlen (FH)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Prof Dr Horst Ziegler und Partner GbR
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1134840A2 publication Critical patent/EP1134840A2/fr
Publication of EP1134840A3 publication Critical patent/EP1134840A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1134840B1 publication Critical patent/EP1134840B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an antenna according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the magnetic loop antennas include a closed, mostly circular or rectangular ladder, the length of which is significantly smaller than the wavelength.
  • the ladder piece is connected to an input to a transmitter output and its other end is terminated with a head capacity, such that conductor loop and head capacity form a resonance circuit, the resonance frequency with the working frequency of the transmitter matches.
  • the head capacity can also by one with air or one Dielectric filled gap at the corresponding end of the Head piece be formed.
  • Such a loop antenna is in DE 195 45 394 A1 described. It is characterized by very little Dimensions. Now with a magnetic Loop antenna the radiation resistance and thus the Effectiveness of the radiation proportional to the square the area enclosed by the conductor section (antenna area), small and is typically 10 mOhm. To at one to get a good efficiency from such an antenna, all loss resistances in the antenna must be very small his. The critical RF resistance of the is difficult Conductor and also the RF resistance of the head capacitance.
  • Antennas of those mentioned in DE 195 45 394 A1 Type are typically used for remote radio reading of electronic consumption meters (heat cost allocators, Water meter, heat meter, gas meter, electricity meter, etc.) used.
  • the radio remote reading takes place mostly in those approved for this in almost all of Europe Radio bands at 433.92 MHz or 868 to 870 MHz. See would also depend on these admission-related criteria Frequency bands in the range between 200 and 3000 MHz usable.
  • the resistances are already at such frequencies usual capacitive components a few tens of mOhm. Because of the very low radiation resistance of the antenna would also have all other resistances of the conductor piece and the head capacity is in the range of a few mOhm, which makes wide conductor dimensions necessary.
  • antennas should be as small as possible, in practice significantly smaller than a quarter of the wavelength.
  • those are also used for remote radio reading Devices placed in the vicinity of larger metal surfaces, such as meter housings for gas / electricity meters, radiators for heat cost allocators, water pipes for water and heat meters.
  • This also has a disadvantage on the radiation. Further influences on the Radiation is caused by furniture, curtains and people.
  • the consumption meters are usually battery operated, being a long-term battery desired over the entire calibration period (5 to 12 years) becomes.
  • An antenna is therefore intended by the present invention be specified, the one with small dimensions has high efficiency.
  • An antenna according to the invention is a magnetic loop antenna, however, unlike the antenna, it follows DE 195 45 394 A1 without head capacity.
  • the length of the conductor section that limits the antenna area is at least 1.5 times the circumference of the antenna area. This gives circumferential directions Sections of the conductor piece that are adjacent to each other. Neighborhood can be limited the antenna area in the radial direction or in relation on the antenna surface in a vertical direction or in a combination of these two directions.
  • overlap This term implies that the corresponding Conductor sections do not touch each other need. It is only important that the conductor sections are so close to each other that there is field coupling comes between the conductor sections.
  • the mentioned field coupling leads to the fact that the conductor piece in the overlap area more like one Double line behaves. This reduces the speed of propagation significantly below the speed of light from.
  • the reduction in the rate of propagation (or the wavelength of the current distribution in the conductor section) correct in detail according to the distance of the conductor sections and the number of turns of the antenna (ratio between the length of the conductor piece and the circumference of the Antenna area).
  • the overlapping Conducted sections so that there is a reduction the rate of propagation to about that 0.8 times the speed of propagation, which are in the conductor piece without overlapping line sections sets.
  • the size of one The antenna is therefore as small as that of a classic one Loop antenna with head capacity, but one head capacity impairing the quality of the antenna is not required, rather the magnetic coupling the overlapping wire sections for adjustment the resonance conditions for small antenna dimensions responsible for.
  • antennas according to the invention can be used get an operational resonance quality of 10 to 300.
  • An antenna according to the invention can thus be used as receiving antennas with low loss pre-filter serve high operational resonance quality or when in use as a transmitting antenna as a filter to suppress the radiation of harmonics and secondary waves of the transmission frequency serve.
  • the radiation resistance is compared to a ring antenna the antenna according to the invention significantly higher (in Ohm range), so that the conductor resistance is long is more critical. With that you can also use the antenna easy to implement from wire. Geometric tolerances are not critical for the same reason.
  • one according to the invention can be used Antenna good even with a small distance (few Millimeters) in front of a metal surface, and also capacitive influences of the antenna (e.g. by a Hand) are only small.
  • the conductor piece can be bent accordingly Wire, through milled conductor pieces or through printed Conductors are made, the latter on an insulating Arranged carrier which e.g. also a plastic case or can be a plastic housing cover.
  • an insulating Arranged carrier which e.g. also a plastic case or can be a plastic housing cover.
  • a spacing of the overlapping sections the conductor piece as specified in claim 4, has proven particularly useful in practice. You get a good reduction in the rate of propagation. At the same time, the antenna structure is compact and side by side guided conductor sections can be precisely to lead.
  • the antenna according to the invention flows at the ends of the conductor piece no current, so that one ends either connect (claim 6) or leave open electrically can (claim 7), as from other points of view, e.g. Ease of manufacture, mechanical Strength of the antenna, is desirable.
  • the conductor piece needs for feeding the transmission energy or to decouple the received Energy not to be interrupted additionally.
  • a inductive coupling with the transmitter or receiver, the cooperating with the antenna is also in view to a residual adaptation of the antenna and transmitter or receiver advantageous.
  • the geometries for the antenna area which in claim 9 are particularly suitable for Realization of antennas that have no pronounced directional characteristic have, as is the case with radio remote reading of consumption meters is desired because the Orientation of installation of the radio remote reading Consumption meter with regard to local requirements (Radiator surface, wall surface) must be done and not to the transmission conditions to a remote reading center can be adjusted.
  • FIG. 1 A magnetic loop antenna is entered in FIG. 1, which has a conductor piece 10. This includes 1.75 Windings seen in the axial direction are square Enclose antenna area A. The edge length the antenna area A is denoted by a.
  • Sections 12 of the conductor piece 10 are similar led, with the pitch of the turns designated p is.
  • each Overlap conductor piece 10 seen in the axial direction, with the exception of the front section, which is individually is and bridges the winding levels.
  • the axial distance p of the conductor sections 12 lies in Range from 1 to 5 wire diameters. So that results one in the area of three sides of the antenna area A. magnetic coupling of the conductor sections 12 and thus a decrease in the rate of spread of the electromagnetic radiation along the conductor piece 10.
  • the corresponding shortening factor k (wavelength the current distribution in the conductor section 10 / wavelength of electromagnetic radiation in a vacuum) can be between 0.2 and 0.8 can be chosen depending on how small the distance p is chosen and how far the conductor sections 12 overlap in the circumferential direction.
  • a coupling loop 14 is provided, which also limits a square area that however, is significantly smaller than the antenna area A.
  • One end of the coupling loop 14 is directly connected to the a connection of a transmitter 16 connected.
  • the other Connection of the coupling loop 14 is via a coupling capacitor 18 with the second connection of the transmitter 16 connected.
  • the transmitter 16 is from a consumption meter 20 ago controlled and transmitted at larger intervals the counter reading of the consumption meter 20 in serial binary representation. Details about that Working of such a consumption meter can DE 195 45 394 A1, DE 30 44 262 A1, DE 42 25 042 A1 or DE 44 22 281 A1 which is referred to in this regard.
  • the conductor piece 10 is dimensionally stable and can e.g. about an insulating piece (not shown) that covers the middle of the double provided conductor sections 12 packs on one Support structure not shown (e.g. circuit board or Housing).
  • Figure 2 is a modified antenna for radio remote reading shown by consumption meters that are differs from that of Figure 1 in that the conductor sections 12 are arranged at a radial distance are. Such an arrangement is particularly suitable good for realization on printed circuit boards.
  • the ladder pieces 10 can simply be there from a continuous Copper layer are etched out, as is the coupling loop 14.
  • the antenna of Figure 3 differs from that according to Figure 1 in that the total length of the conductor piece 10 corresponds to a wavelength.
  • To be a positive one Superposition of those generated by the conductor sections 12
  • To achieve partial magnetic fields is the conductor piece 10 first folded and the fold thus obtained The conductor arrangement is then additionally shaped as shown in Figure 1 for a simple conductor piece.
  • FIG. 4 gives precise dimensions of a practical embodiment.
  • the characteristics of the W antenna shown there are as follows: Edge length a 25.00 mm Wire diameter d 0.63 mm Pitch p 6.40 mm Edge length of the coupling loop 8.50 mm Distance of the coupling loop 6.60 mm Coupling capacitor 6.20 pF.
  • the antennas described above are therefore typical W / 2 antennas, but have considerably smaller dimensions as typical known W / 2 antennas. From head capacities differentiate completed loop antennas they are characterized by the lack of head capacity and by a significantly improved goodness.
  • the antennas described above stand out due to a mechanically simple compact structure.
  • the Antenna area A essentially square. It understands yourself that the limitation of the antenna area instead can also be selected circular. Such antennas have a substantially constant in the circumferential direction Characteristic If you choose the antenna area A rectangular or oval, you can have a directional characteristic in the circumferential direction achieve variable directional characteristics.

Landscapes

  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Drying Of Semiconductors (AREA)
EP01103315.6A 2000-03-06 2001-02-13 Antenne Expired - Lifetime EP1134840B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10010936A DE10010936B4 (de) 2000-03-06 2000-03-06 Antenne
DE10010936 2000-03-06

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1134840A2 true EP1134840A2 (fr) 2001-09-19
EP1134840A3 EP1134840A3 (fr) 2004-01-07
EP1134840B1 EP1134840B1 (fr) 2017-10-04

Family

ID=7633741

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01103315.6A Expired - Lifetime EP1134840B1 (fr) 2000-03-06 2001-02-13 Antenne

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1134840B1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ2001787A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE10010936B4 (fr)
HU (1) HUP0100955A2 (fr)
PL (1) PL346283A1 (fr)
SK (1) SK2762001A3 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003044892A1 (fr) * 2001-11-22 2003-05-30 Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus Antenne cadre modifiee presentant un diagramme de rayonnement omnidirectionnel et des proprietes optimisees, destinee a etre utilisee dans un dispositif rfid
WO2006031785A1 (fr) * 2004-09-14 2006-03-23 Kyocera Wireless Corp. Systemes et procedes associes a une antenne cadre a charge capacitive
US7274338B2 (en) 2005-10-12 2007-09-25 Kyocera Corporation Meander line capacitively-loaded magnetic dipole antenna
US7408517B1 (en) 2004-09-14 2008-08-05 Kyocera Wireless Corp. Tunable capacitively-loaded magnetic dipole antenna
US7427965B2 (en) 2005-10-12 2008-09-23 Kyocera Corporation Multiple band capacitively-loaded loop antenna
CN110967123A (zh) * 2019-12-18 2020-04-07 福建中电合创电力科技有限公司 一种无线测温传感器测试工装

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8991712B2 (en) 2010-08-12 2015-03-31 Féinics Amatech Teoranta Coupling in and to RFID smart cards
US8789762B2 (en) 2010-08-12 2014-07-29 Feinics Amatech Teoranta RFID antenna modules and methods of making
DE102015016233A1 (de) * 2015-12-16 2017-06-22 Karl Storz Gmbh & Co. Kg RFID-Transponder für ein medizinisches Instrument und/oder für ein Endoskop, medizinisches Instrument und/oder Endoskop sowie Montageverfahren

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB157404A (en) 1919-12-02 1922-04-10 Drahtlose Telegraphie Gmbh Improvements in wireless receiving systems
US4751515A (en) 1980-07-09 1988-06-14 Corum James F Electromagnetic structure and method
DE8814993U1 (de) 1988-01-04 1989-03-02 Oppermann, Richard, 7762 Ludwigshafen Antenneneinheit, bestehend aus Antennenschleife, Kondensator und Ankopplung
DE19545394A1 (de) 1995-12-06 1997-06-12 Ziegler Horst Antenneneinheit

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3284801A (en) * 1964-01-15 1966-11-08 John J Bryant Large loop antenna

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB157404A (en) 1919-12-02 1922-04-10 Drahtlose Telegraphie Gmbh Improvements in wireless receiving systems
US4751515A (en) 1980-07-09 1988-06-14 Corum James F Electromagnetic structure and method
DE8814993U1 (de) 1988-01-04 1989-03-02 Oppermann, Richard, 7762 Ludwigshafen Antenneneinheit, bestehend aus Antennenschleife, Kondensator und Ankopplung
DE19545394A1 (de) 1995-12-06 1997-06-12 Ziegler Horst Antenneneinheit

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
SMITH G.S.: "Radiation Efficiency of Electrically Small Multiturn Loop Antennas", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, vol. 5, September 1972 (1972-09-01), pages 656 - 657, XP002258976, DOI: doi:10.1109/TAP.1972.1140293

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003044892A1 (fr) * 2001-11-22 2003-05-30 Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus Antenne cadre modifiee presentant un diagramme de rayonnement omnidirectionnel et des proprietes optimisees, destinee a etre utilisee dans un dispositif rfid
WO2006031785A1 (fr) * 2004-09-14 2006-03-23 Kyocera Wireless Corp. Systemes et procedes associes a une antenne cadre a charge capacitive
US7239290B2 (en) 2004-09-14 2007-07-03 Kyocera Wireless Corp. Systems and methods for a capacitively-loaded loop antenna
US7408517B1 (en) 2004-09-14 2008-08-05 Kyocera Wireless Corp. Tunable capacitively-loaded magnetic dipole antenna
KR100926886B1 (ko) 2004-09-14 2009-11-16 키오세라 와이어리스 코포레이션 용량성-부하 루프 안테나를 위한 시스템 및 방법
US7760151B2 (en) 2004-09-14 2010-07-20 Kyocera Corporation Systems and methods for a capacitively-loaded loop antenna
US7876270B2 (en) 2004-09-14 2011-01-25 Kyocera Corporation Modem card with balanced antenna
US7274338B2 (en) 2005-10-12 2007-09-25 Kyocera Corporation Meander line capacitively-loaded magnetic dipole antenna
US7427965B2 (en) 2005-10-12 2008-09-23 Kyocera Corporation Multiple band capacitively-loaded loop antenna
CN110967123A (zh) * 2019-12-18 2020-04-07 福建中电合创电力科技有限公司 一种无线测温传感器测试工装

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10010936A1 (de) 2001-09-27
HU0100955D0 (en) 2001-05-28
DE10010936B4 (de) 2006-11-02
EP1134840B1 (fr) 2017-10-04
CZ2001787A3 (cs) 2002-04-17
EP1134840A3 (fr) 2004-01-07
SK2762001A3 (en) 2002-04-04
HUP0100955A2 (hu) 2001-11-28
PL346283A1 (en) 2001-09-10

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