EP1312136B1 - Dipole cadre et monopole cadre raccourcis - Google Patents

Dipole cadre et monopole cadre raccourcis Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1312136B1
EP1312136B1 EP00979586A EP00979586A EP1312136B1 EP 1312136 B1 EP1312136 B1 EP 1312136B1 EP 00979586 A EP00979586 A EP 00979586A EP 00979586 A EP00979586 A EP 00979586A EP 1312136 B1 EP1312136 B1 EP 1312136B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dipole
arrangement according
monopole
length
lambda
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00979586A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1312136A1 (fr
Inventor
Ulrich L. Rohde
Klaus Danzeisen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Synergy Microwave Corp
Original Assignee
Synergy Microwave Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Synergy Microwave Corp filed Critical Synergy Microwave Corp
Publication of EP1312136A1 publication Critical patent/EP1312136A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1312136B1 publication Critical patent/EP1312136B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/32—Vertical arrangement of element
    • H01Q9/36—Vertical arrangement of element with top loading
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/26—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole with folded element or elements, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of operating wavelength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a loop dipole (folded dipole) or loop monopole.
  • a loop or Faltdipol consists of two tight adjacent lambda / 2 dipoles connected at the ends are, of which only one is fed. On the Dipoles sets the same current direction. Both Dipoles support their effect. By different thicknesses of the two dipoles can over Transformative effects affects the input impedance become.
  • loop monopole the half loop dipole can be understood on a leading level and of two Lambda / 4 long dipoles exists, which in turn are dense arranged adjacent and at the top with each other are connected.
  • Such loop dipoles or Loop monopoles at a conductive level are called transmit and Receiving antennas in the short and ultra short wave range in various embodiments used.
  • An inventive loop dipole or loop monopole can be extremely shortened, for example to only 5 to 6% the operating wavelength at the lowest operating frequency, so that the mechanical length of a loop dipole for a Operating frequency of 1.5 MHz only a mechanical length of 10 to 12 meters. Nevertheless, that is Radiation resistance still sufficiently large and larger than 10 Ohm.
  • Such an inventive Loop dipole almost the same good properties as a usual lambda / 2 dipole.
  • Experiments have shown that too the efficiency of the radiating antenna part of a antenna according to the invention without losses of Adjustment elements and earth losses at 1.8 MHz more than 50% and at 3.6 MHz more than 80%, so too in this regard, same characteristics as one Lambda / 2 dipole can be achieved.
  • Loop dipole or loop monopole very much simple and inexpensive, since at the ends only a non-radiating line piece of appropriate length is set. Geometrically complicated roof capacities in Shape of stretched wires or complicated Shortening coils in the dipole are avoided. The usage a non-radiating line piece to compensate for Radiator cut is also because of the low losses Such features particularly advantageous.
  • the inventive arrangement is especially suitable for Construction of multi-band antennas that are easy in the Frequency can be switched.
  • An inventive vertical dipole can also because of its small length At relatively low frequencies, a flat radiation produce. The field strength of the antenna is in the near field down relatively low, so that the strict provisions simply satisfied for the operation of such transmitter antennas can be.
  • the principle of the invention can be used in all conventional known forms of loop dipoles and loop monopolies be applied, both in radiating simple dipoles as well as reflectors or directors of more complex ones Antenna arrangements, as well as logarithmic periodic Antennas with such loop dipoles or Loop monopoles are constructed. Also existing antennas can be supplemented according to the principle of the invention or with be rebuilt at low cost. Since the assigned non-radiating line pieces Switching devices are easily remote controlled, can be an antenna consisting of several loop dipoles not only on optimal radiation resistance, but also on optimal reflection factor or direction factor be matched.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a device according to the invention Loop dipole, which is operated as a horizontal radiator. He consists of two strong compared to the nominal length lambda / 2 shortened parallel dipole radiators 1 and 2, in the small distance of small lambda / 20 parallel are arranged side by side and of which only one Dipole radiator 1 is fed in the middle.
  • this Dipole radiator 1, 2 is each a non-radiating Line piece turned on, either in the form of a Parallel wire air line 3, as for the right Dipolende is shown, or in the form of a unbalanced coaxial cable 4, as shown on the left end of the Dipole is shown.
  • the length Lx of this non-radiating Line piece 3 or 4 is chosen so that under Consideration of the line piece associated Shortening factor (depending on the dielectric of the line 3 or the coaxial cable 4) of the loop dipole in total again reaches its desired length of lambda / 2.
  • Loop monopoles are applied, which are two opposite the desired length of lambda / 4 strongly shortened parallel Monopolies 5 and 6 exist and at a senior level 7 are arranged. They represent one half of one Loop dipole, which is mirrored at the conductive level 7 becomes.
  • the Monopolstrahler 5, 6 with respect to Wavelength shortens greatly and be passed through to the upper ends connected non-radiating line piece. 8 electrically extended, as shown in Figure 2 again by a Coaxial cable is indicated.
  • the non-radiating line pieces 3, 4 and 8 can be housed mechanically in a small housing 30, that according to FIG. 5 at the dipole ends or in the dipole center is appropriate. After such loop dipoles or Loop monopolies usually for transformer reasons anyway one of the radiators is designed as a hollow tube, Also, the additional non-radiating conductor piece can simply be housed in this hollow tube. At higher Frequencies that cause a short circuit inside the hollow tube require that is accommodated within the hollow tube, non-radiating line piece via an additional Extension line with the outside of the hollow tube attached actual switching device connected to this Extension line is either lambda / 2 or lambda or a multiple of lambda long. This can be the real thing For example, switching in the central housing 30 be carried out while the non-radiative Line piece is mounted in the hollow tube. In some cases, especially when using air ducts, one can additional shielding of the non-radiating line sections be beneficial.
  • FIG. 3 shows a loop dipole according to the invention can be switched to several frequency ranges. Over a suitable switching means can at the ends of the Loop dipoles of different lengths non-radiating Line pieces are turned on.
  • Relay switch 10 and 11 at predetermined intervals in the non-radiative and in this embodiment as Two-wire line shown line piece turned on are.
  • This line piece is in the embodiment from three line pieces of length L1, L2 and L3. If both Switches 10 and 11 shown in the figure 3 Take position a, only the line piece L1 is on turned on the radiating part 1,2 of the loop dipole, which corresponds to an operating frequency f1.
  • Figure 4 shows another possibility for such Frequency switching of the antenna, the relay switches are in This embodiment by filter circuits 13 and 14th replaced, consisting of a series resonant circuit and two Parallel resonant circuits exist and those on the corresponding operating frequencies f1 and f2 are tuned. This is an automatic multi-band operation without switching such an antenna possible.
  • VSWR VSWR
  • the antenna better to the impedance of the source or the It may be advantageous to adapt the consumer fed part 1 or 5 of the loop dipole of Fig. 1st or the loop monopole of FIG. 2 of several parallel emitters, using a relay switching matrix can then be switched so that the Transformation ratio in discrete steps over one wide range and to the source or the Consumer can be adjusted.
  • 3 such parallel radiators can by corresponding switching the transformation ratio be switched between 1: 4 over 1: 9 to 1:16.
  • Feed point to a leading to the transmitter or receiver Feeder cables can be commercially available Antennenanpallonstechnik to be used. It has proved to be particularly advantageous Multi-band operation proved this, a matching circuit after Figure 5 to use, consisting of two cascaded 1: 4 transformers 20, 21 is made, their taps each via series resonant circuits 22 to 25 with the feed points 26, 27 of the loop dipole are connected.
  • the Nominal resonant frequency of these series resonant circuits 22 to 25 corresponds in each case to the middle of the useful bands to which the Loop dipole should be switchable.
  • About one Symmetrierübertrager 28 (Balun) are the transformer 20, 21st connected to the supply cable 29.
  • the impedance of the Transformer to the respective taps is corresponding the real part of the radiation resistance chosen for the first tap, via the series resonant circuit 22 with the For example, this real part is 12.5 Ohm, for the second tap 50 ohms, for the third Tapping 100 ohms and for the total cascade of the two Transformers 200 ohms.
  • the imaginary part of the antenna impedance is due to a slight detuning of the series 22 to 25 compensated. In this way, a desired Comply with VSWR of less than 2.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Dispositif à dipôle cadre avec deux antennes rayonnantes à dipôle (1, 2) fortement raccourcies par rapport à la longueur de consigne (lambda/2), qui sont prolongées électriquement au niveau de leurs deux extrémités à l'aide d'un élément de conducteur non rayonnant (3, 4).
  2. Dispositif à monopôle cadre sur un plan conducteur avec deux antennes rayonnantes à monopôle (5, 6) fortement raccourcies par rapport à la longueur de consigne (lambda/4), qui sont prolongées électriquement au niveau de leurs extrémités orientées du côté opposé au plan conducteur (7) à l'aide d'un élément de conducteur non rayonnant (8).
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la longueur (L) des antennes rayonnantes à dipôle ou à monopôle (1, 2; 5, 6) est seulement de 5 à 10%, de préférence seulement 6% de la longueur d'onde (lambda) de la féquence de travail la plus basse.
  4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de conducteur non rayonnant (3, 4, 8) est disposé dans une protection électromagnétique.
  5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de conducteur non rayonnant est un conducteur à fils parallèles (3) court-circuité à l'extrémité.
  6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de conducteur non rayonnant est un câble coaxial (4, 8) court-circuité à l'extrémité, dont le conducteur interne est relié à une antenne rayonnante à dipôle ou à monopôle (1 ou 5) et dont le conducteur externe est relié à l'autre antenne rayonnante à dipôle ou à monopôle (2 ou 6).
  7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de conducteur non rayonnant (3, 4, 8) peut être commuté sur deux ou plus différentes longueurs (L1, L2, L3).
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la commutation des longueurs est réalisée à l'aide de l'interrupteur à relais (10, 11) associé à l'élément de conducteur.
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 7 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la commutation des longueurs est réalisée à l'aide de filtres (13, 14) intercalés réglés à différentes fréquences de résonance.
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 7 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les longueurs différentes des éléments de conducteurs (L1, L2, L3) sont échelonnées de manière binaire.
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 7 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la longueur du pas de réglage des éléments de conducteurs est choisie en fonction de la bande passante du rapport de taux d'ondulation de l'antenne.
  12. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est utilisé en tant qu'antenne d'émission et/ou de réception, réflecteur ou directeur.
  13. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de commutation des longueurs est intégré dans un boítier (30) disposé sur le dipôle ou sur le monopôle.
  14. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel au moins une antenne rayonnante à dipôle ou une antenne rayonnante à monopôle est conçu comme un tube creux, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de conducteur non rayonnant est disposé dans le tube creux.
  15. Dispositif selon la revendication 13 et 14, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de conducteur non rayonnant disposé dans le tube creux est relié au dispositif de commutation de longueurs par l'intermédiaire d'un conducteur de prolongement long de lambda/2 ou de n x lambda.
  16. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 7 à 15, caractérisé par un circuit d'adaptation avec un transmetteur (20, 21) qui présente plusieurs branchements, qui sont reliés par l'intermédiaire de circuits de résonance en série (22 à 25) avec les raccordements (26, 27) du dipôle ou du monopôle et dont les fréquences de résonance sont choisies en fonction des bandes utiles successives et qui sont, en outre, dimensionnées de telle sorte que la partie imaginaire de l'impédance de dipôle ou de monopôle efficace est compensée.
  17. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'antenne rayonnante à dipôle ou à monopôle (1) ou (5) alimentée est constituée de plusieurs antennes rayonnantes parallèles et le rapport de transformation au niveau du point d'alimentation peut être commuté par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif de branchement correspondant à ces antennes rayonnantes parallèles.
EP00979586A 2000-08-21 2000-11-16 Dipole cadre et monopole cadre raccourcis Expired - Lifetime EP1312136B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10040794A DE10040794A1 (de) 2000-08-21 2000-08-21 Schleifen-Dipol bzw. -Monopol
DE10040794 2000-08-21
PCT/EP2000/011402 WO2002017433A1 (fr) 2000-08-21 2000-11-16 Dipole cadre et monopole cadre raccourcis

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1312136A1 EP1312136A1 (fr) 2003-05-21
EP1312136B1 true EP1312136B1 (fr) 2005-02-23

Family

ID=7653131

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00979586A Expired - Lifetime EP1312136B1 (fr) 2000-08-21 2000-11-16 Dipole cadre et monopole cadre raccourcis

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6947007B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1312136B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4719404B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE10040794A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002017433A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006034559A1 (de) * 2006-07-26 2008-02-14 Infineon Technologies Ag Antennenanordnung und Verfahren zum Empfangen und Senden von Signalen in einem ersten Frequenzbereich und in einem zweiten Frequenzbereich

Families Citing this family (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4871516B2 (ja) * 2004-05-18 2012-02-08 パナソニック株式会社 アンテナ装置およびアンテナ装置を用いた無線機
JP4711692B2 (ja) * 2005-02-01 2011-06-29 富士通株式会社 メアンダラインアンテナ
JP4645351B2 (ja) * 2005-03-18 2011-03-09 株式会社豊田中央研究所 周期構造を有するアンテナ
JP2007104413A (ja) * 2005-10-05 2007-04-19 Toshiba Tec Corp 近傍通信用アンテナ装置
US8294631B2 (en) * 2009-07-08 2012-10-23 Lockheed Martin Corporation Antenna with a bent portion
WO2011024961A1 (fr) * 2009-08-28 2011-03-03 株式会社エヌエイチケイアイテック Antenne
JP2012085092A (ja) * 2010-10-12 2012-04-26 Panasonic Corp 無線装置
US8860617B1 (en) * 2011-07-08 2014-10-14 Trivec-Avant Corporation Multiband embedded antenna
JP6387984B2 (ja) * 2016-02-24 2018-09-12 三菱電機株式会社 アンテナ装置

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006034559A1 (de) * 2006-07-26 2008-02-14 Infineon Technologies Ag Antennenanordnung und Verfahren zum Empfangen und Senden von Signalen in einem ersten Frequenzbereich und in einem zweiten Frequenzbereich

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE50009609D1 (de) 2005-03-31
US6947007B1 (en) 2005-09-20
DE10040794A1 (de) 2002-03-07
EP1312136A1 (fr) 2003-05-21
JP4719404B2 (ja) 2011-07-06
JP2004507193A (ja) 2004-03-04
WO2002017433A1 (fr) 2002-02-28

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