EP1133028B1 - Schleifring-Anordnung bei elektrischen Motoren und Generatoren - Google Patents

Schleifring-Anordnung bei elektrischen Motoren und Generatoren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1133028B1
EP1133028B1 EP01103814A EP01103814A EP1133028B1 EP 1133028 B1 EP1133028 B1 EP 1133028B1 EP 01103814 A EP01103814 A EP 01103814A EP 01103814 A EP01103814 A EP 01103814A EP 1133028 B1 EP1133028 B1 EP 1133028B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slip
ring
sliding layer
metallic
ring arrangement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01103814A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1133028A3 (de
EP1133028A2 (de
Inventor
Wolfgang Dr. Vesper
Klaus Stadie
Ingolf Hahn
Aloysius Meyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pantrac GmbH
Original Assignee
Pantrac GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pantrac GmbH filed Critical Pantrac GmbH
Publication of EP1133028A2 publication Critical patent/EP1133028A2/de
Publication of EP1133028A3 publication Critical patent/EP1133028A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1133028B1 publication Critical patent/EP1133028B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/08—Slip-rings
    • H01R39/085—Slip-rings the slip-rings being made of carbon
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/56—Devices for lubricating or polishing slip-rings or commutators during operation of the collector
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/64—Devices for uninterrupted current collection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to slip ring assemblies for electrical machines with brushes made of carbon materials and slip ring bodies, wherein the brushes are electrically conductively connected to the slip rings of the slip ring body.
  • Electric motors and generators with which electrical energy is converted into rotational energy or vice versa rotational energy into electrical energy, require a power supply for the rotatably arranged coil which is non-positively or positively connected ver with the axis of rotation. This is usually done via and connected to the axis of rotation concentric slip rings, which are conductively connected to fixed brushes, or via the pairing of brushes with so-called commutators or collectors, in addition to establishing the electrical connection between the fixed and the rotating part of the electrical Machine also the current application (in DC machines) effect.
  • the slip rings and commutators are made of metals such as copper, copper alloys such as bronze, tin bronze, nickel bronze, silver or steel.
  • the slip rings are connected to slip ring bodies by insulating mounts to the hub (rotation axis), being insulated from them and from each other.
  • the hub rotation axis
  • electrically conductive Brushes arranged stationary, which are held by spring force with the surface of the slip rings in contact.
  • slip rings are required one or more times per phase.
  • the sliding contacts are usually made of carbon materials, optionally in combination with metals (eg metal graphite, for the production of mixtures of metal powders, especially copper, tin or lead, with graphite, especially natural graphite, pressed and then solidified by annealing or sintering ).
  • metals eg metal graphite, for the production of mixtures of metal powders, especially copper, tin or lead, with graphite, especially natural graphite, pressed and then solidified by annealing or sintering ).
  • the invention therefore relates to a slip ring assembly for electric motors and generators, in which brushes made of carbon materials and the slip rings of the slip ring body are electrically connected to each other, characterized in that the slip rings metallic slip rings of conventional design (slip ring base) and an electrically conductive sliding layer comprising a graphite material whose thickness is at most 11% of the outer radius of the slip ring and which is electrically conductively attached to the periphery of the metallic slip ring base by gluing. It is also possible that not all slip rings of the slip ring body are provided with the sliding layer.
  • slip ring body As a slip ring body, as is conventional in the art, here the arrangement is known, which consists of the hub, the insulator (preferably the insulating sleeve in the form of a cylinder jacket) and the slip rings, which are composed in the invention of the metallic slip ring base and the sliding layer.
  • the insulator preferably the insulating sleeve in the form of a cylinder jacket
  • the slip rings which are composed in the invention of the metallic slip ring base and the sliding layer.
  • the thickness of the sliding layer is limited upwards by its conductivity (the thicker the poorly conductive sliding layer compared to metals, the higher the resistance between the metal with the slip ring base conductively connected lead and the lead on the brush). It has proven advantageous to make the thickness of the sliding layer no greater than 11% of the radius of the outer shell of the sliding layer.
  • the metallic slip ring base is usually a flat cylindrical support ring which may be solid, with (mostly circular) recesses or as a spoked wheel. It is also possible and preferred to make the width of the slip ring base near the outer shell larger in the region than in the remainder of the ring.
  • the slip ring base thus obtains the appearance of a flat ring (which may also have recesses), on whose circumference in a preferred manner a (in the direction parallel to the axis) wider cylinder jacket is designed as a hoop.
  • a sliding layer with a constant thickness is electrically conductively attached. This attachment is preferably made by a conductive bond.
  • bonding also eliminates the heat otherwise required in the manufacture of a solder joint to temperatures at which the solder melts. Namely, during soldering, special precautions are required to prevent damage to the slip ring base, such as disassembly or attachment of a heat shield.
  • the sliding layer consists of an electrically conductive graphite material. Is preferred as the material for the Sliding layer used a graphite material with a flexural strength of at least 30 MPa. Furthermore, isostatically pressed graphite material is preferably used.
  • the thickness of the sliding layer should be kept as low as possible because of the higher than the metallic slip ring base specific resistance. It should be noted, however, that on the one hand, the mechanical stability of the sliding layer becomes smaller with smaller thickness, and on the other hand, the abrasion in connection with the (usually and preferably made of carbon materials) brushes by the appropriate choice of material and its thickness are designed is intended that the required by renewal of the sliding layer maintenance intervals are equal to or greater than the average rolling bearing life.
  • the thickness of the sliding layer should therefore not be more than 11% of the outer radius of the slip ring (ie the outer radius of the sliding layer); Preferably, the thickness of the overlay is 10% or less of this radius, more preferably 8% or less, with levels of 6% and below, and 4% and below, being particularly preferred.
  • Bonding of the sliding layer and metallic slip ring base uses conductive adhesives. These adhesives should preferably be chosen so that their temperature resistance is so great that even a firm adhesion of the sliding layer on the metallic slip ring base is ensured at the slip ring temperatures occurring during operation of the slip ring assembly. However, it is also preferred to use adhesives which have no suitable inherent conductivity but to which a metal powder, preferably copper powder, is added becomes. Particularly preferably, after application of the adhesive layer, the coated surfaces are sprinkled with the metal powder in order to obtain an electrically conductive adhesive bond.
  • the metal powders used preferably have a grain size of 0.01 mm to 0.2 mm.
  • the adhesives used include in particular epoxy resin adhesive, phenolic resin adhesive, cyanate ester resin adhesive and adhesives based on polyurethane resins, polyester resins and amine resins. Phenol resin adhesives are particularly preferably used for the slip rings according to the invention.
  • the layer thickness of the adhesive on the metal surface of the slip ring base or on the inner surface of the sliding layer is preferably between 0.02 mm and 0.2 mm, particularly preferably between 0.05 mm and 0.1 mm.
  • graphite brushes are preferably used, that is, brushes made of carbon materials with a graphitic character. These include, in particular, electrographite and fired carbon materials containing natural graphite.
  • the sliding layer which preferably consists of said bending-resistant carbon material, can be easily renewed if necessary; For this purpose, only the remaining sliding layer and the adhesive layer must be turned down to the metal, whereupon a new overlay can be applied. Changes to the brush position during this overhaul will not be required here. In a pure metal design of the slip ring must be revised in case of wear, with a minimum diameter must not be fallen below, or the entire slip ring must be replaced, the brushes must also be renewed.
  • the partial or complete conversion of existing machines with purely metallic slip rings is easy to make so that the metallic contact layer is prepared on the outer surface of the existing slip rings in slip ring body so, preferably removed, particularly preferably by twisting that the sliding layer in the required thickness can be applied and bonded to the remaining metallic slip ring base by gluing.
  • the overlay may, if required to remove surface irregularities, then be used e.g. be revised by twisting or grinding.
  • this retrofitting shows the advantage of the embodiment of the invention, since usually the thickness (in the radial direction) of the overlay of metallic slip rings is large enough to be turned off without loss of stability to the required diameter. This applies in particular to metallic slip rings which have two layers in the radial direction, a metallic carrier layer and a separate outer running layer.
  • the metallic slip rings of an existing machine that at least one of the edges of the outer lateral surface of the remaining metallic slip ring base in each case a supernatant (in the direction of increasing radius) remains, preferably 0.5 mm to 5 mm, in particular 1 mm to 3 mm wide and 0.5 mm to 3 mm, preferably 1 to 2 mm high.
  • the sliding layer is glued into the cylindrical groove, which is formed in this way, such that the sliding layer terminates with the supernatants or this preferably by up to 5 mm, in particular projects up to 3 mm.
  • the entire slip ring body can be clamped for overhauling the sliding layer, the slip rings are turned down to the metallic base and the sliding layer can be replaced (in one or more slip rings simultaneously).
  • the sliding layer may consist of a closed ring; however, it is preferred to assemble the overlay of multiple segments cut from one or more graphite rings, wherein it is applied to the carrier in at least two, more preferably in at least three segments. It is favorable, the impact between two adjacent sliding layer segments not parallel to the axis of rotation (ie perpendicular to the tangent) execute, but at an angle to the tangent of 75 °, preferably at most 60 °, and more preferably up to 45 °.
  • tangent is defined as follows and continues to be used as follows: "A tangent is any straight line, the outer one The outer surface of the slip ring touches and runs perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotating part of the electric machine.
  • the sliding layer is applied in one piece in the form of a ring, this slit circumferentially with an angle ⁇ with respect to the tangent, which is preferred If the sliding layer is applied in more than one segment, it is advantageous not to dimension these segments with the same (arc) length, but the (arc The length of the longest segment should be at least 110% of the length of the other (or the second longest) segment
  • the thickness of the sliding layer is up to 11% of the outer radius of the slip ring, preferably at most 5 mm, in particular 4 mm and less.
  • metallic rings 2, 2 ', 2' 'attached as a slip ring base On an insulating layer 12, which is applied to a hub 1, metallic rings 2, 2 ', 2' 'attached as a slip ring base.
  • On the lateral surface of these metallic rings 2, 2 ', 2' ' is in each case a sliding layer 3, 3' and 3 '' glued in the form of a cylindrical ring with the aid of an electrically conductive adhesive.
  • FIG. 2 which is an enlarged detail of FIG. 1.
  • a metallic part of the slip ring base 2 is shown, on which the annular sliding layer 3 is fixed by the electrically conductive adhesive 6.
  • Fig. 4 shows a section along the line IV-IV of Fig. 1.
  • the annular slip ring base 2 '' is fixed, on which the sliding layer 3 '' is glued.
  • the multi-part embodiment of the sliding layer 3 '' can be seen, in which case a three-part embodiment is shown, with the sliding layer segments 3 '' 1 , 3 '' 2 and 3 '' 3 and the joints 7, 7th 'and 7 ".
  • Fig. 5 is a plan view of such a slip ring is shown, wherein the viewing direction is perpendicular to the axis and perpendicular to the diameter of the slip ring.
  • the sliding layer 3 is glued in several segments, in which case a shock 8 between two segments of the sliding layer can be seen.
  • the angle ⁇ of the joint 8 against the tangent is 60 °.
  • FIG. 6 shows a plan view like FIG. 5 of a further preferred embodiment in which the ring 3 forming the sliding layer is slotted.
  • the angle ⁇ of the slot 9 with respect to the tangent is preferably chosen so that the slot runs along a spiral line on the lateral surface of the cylindrical sliding layer and the length of the slot is greater than the circumference of the lateral surface.
  • the advantage of this embodiment is that the ring can be widened to be applied to the slip ring base 2 mounted on the hub 1, even possibly over a raised projection 4 or 4 'of the slip ring base as shown in Fig. 3, without the risk of breakage the groove 5 can be introduced.
  • the slotted sliding layer 3 is then adhered to the slip ring base 2 so that it rests flush and the width of the slot 9 is as low as possible.
  • the acute angle ⁇ (low angle) of the slot 9 with respect to the tangent further minimizes possible bumps or bumps and thereby reduces the abrasion.
  • the slip ring body of the comparative example (with a diameter of 280 mm) was clamped on a lathe center and the slip rings made of steel turned to an outer diameter of 270 mm.
  • On the bare surface resulting from the trimming were three ring segments of an isostatically pressed graphite brand 300 of the Fa. SGL CARBON GmbH the dimensions: inner diameter 270 mm, outer diameter 282 mm, width 30 mm using a phenolic resin as an adhesive, with copper powder of the Grade FFL from the company Norddeutsche Affinerie was filled (composition: 50% by weight of resin, 50% by weight Copper powder), glued on.
  • the joints between the segments were made with a slope of 60 °.
  • the slip ring arrangement according to the invention according to the example could even be carried out up to a loading of approximately 3.5 times the rated current, which corresponds to a current density above the slip ring arrangement according to the invention of 40 A / cm 2 . Even with this even higher load, no damage to the slip rings and brushes (firing of the brushes) of the arrangement according to the invention could be observed.
  • a significant advantage of the slip ring assembly according to the invention is that the slip rings can be used almost without replacement. Only the sliding layer can be renewed if necessary, but without appreciably attacking the metallic slip ring base. On the other hand, the metal slip rings used hitherto had to be renewed over time because they had to be turned off at each timely maintenance of the electric machines to replace the bearings, to compensate for the scoring on the slip ring surface.

Landscapes

  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
EP01103814A 2000-02-25 2001-02-16 Schleifring-Anordnung bei elektrischen Motoren und Generatoren Expired - Lifetime EP1133028B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10009007A DE10009007B4 (de) 2000-02-25 2000-02-25 Schleifringkörper für eine Schleifringanordnung für elektrische Motoren und Generatoren
DE10009007 2000-02-25

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1133028A2 EP1133028A2 (de) 2001-09-12
EP1133028A3 EP1133028A3 (de) 2003-01-29
EP1133028B1 true EP1133028B1 (de) 2007-01-24

Family

ID=7632470

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01103814A Expired - Lifetime EP1133028B1 (de) 2000-02-25 2001-02-16 Schleifring-Anordnung bei elektrischen Motoren und Generatoren

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US6400057B2 (cs)
EP (1) EP1133028B1 (cs)
AR (1) AR027549A1 (cs)
AT (1) ATE352895T1 (cs)
BR (1) BR0100825A (cs)
CA (1) CA2337978A1 (cs)
CZ (1) CZ301293B6 (cs)
DE (2) DE10009007B4 (cs)
ES (1) ES2281383T3 (cs)
PL (1) PL203741B1 (cs)

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DE10106119A1 (de) * 2001-02-08 2002-09-19 Schunk Metall & Kunststoff Stromübertragungsanordnung
DE10161740B4 (de) * 2001-12-15 2006-01-26 Stemmann-Technik Gmbh Schleifringübertrager
DE10315663A1 (de) * 2003-04-04 2004-10-28 Schleifring Und Apparatebau Gmbh Schleifring mit Kohlebahn
US20070077783A1 (en) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 Trw Automotive U.S. Llc Rotary connector system
EP1793459A1 (de) * 2005-12-01 2007-06-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schleifringwelle für einen elektrischen Generator
DE102007032133A1 (de) * 2007-06-30 2009-01-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elektrische Maschine
US7750493B2 (en) * 2007-08-14 2010-07-06 General Electric Company Wind turbine assemblies and slip ring assemblies for wind blade pitch control motors
DE102009040106A1 (de) * 2009-09-04 2011-03-10 Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik Gmbh Schleifringvorrichtung
DE102010002089B4 (de) * 2010-02-18 2012-02-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Schleifringvorrichtung für eine elektrische Maschine
US8558429B2 (en) 2011-01-05 2013-10-15 General Electric Company Systems, methods, and apparatus for lifting brushes of an induction motor
US8674581B2 (en) 2011-01-05 2014-03-18 General Electric Company Systems, methods, and apparatus for shorting slip rings of an induction motor
EP2677639B1 (en) * 2011-02-17 2017-09-20 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Slip ring device and rotating electric machine using same
EP2838166B1 (en) * 2013-08-16 2019-09-25 Schleifring GmbH Slip ring assembly and components thereof
US9866035B2 (en) 2015-03-27 2018-01-09 Irobot Corporation Rotatable coupling
DE102016203762A1 (de) * 2016-03-08 2017-09-14 Krones Ag Schleifringübertrager für Rundläufermaschinen
ES2866408T3 (es) * 2018-08-21 2021-10-19 Flender Gmbh Puente de anillo colector, unidad de anillo colector, máquina eléctrica y turbina eólica
EP3959784A4 (en) * 2019-04-24 2023-05-03 CR Flight L.L.C. Slip ring assembly with paired power transmission bands
DE102019115959A1 (de) * 2019-06-12 2020-12-17 Seg Automotive Germany Gmbh Schleifringsystem und elektrische Maschine
KR20230018388A (ko) * 2020-06-01 2023-02-07 씨알 플라이트 엘.엘.씨. 선호되는 윤활제를 갖는 로터리 전기 변환기
DE102023124466A1 (de) * 2023-09-11 2025-03-13 Schunk Carbon Technology Gmbh Stromübertragungsanordnung, rotierende elektrische Maschine sowie Verfahren zur Übertragung eines elektrischen Erregerstroms

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10009007B4 (de) 2004-02-05
ES2281383T3 (es) 2007-10-01
US20010033117A1 (en) 2001-10-25
EP1133028A3 (de) 2003-01-29
DE50111920D1 (de) 2007-03-15
US6400057B2 (en) 2002-06-04
DE10009007A1 (de) 2001-09-13
BR0100825A (pt) 2002-07-23
EP1133028A2 (de) 2001-09-12
CZ2001670A3 (cs) 2001-10-17
CZ301293B6 (cs) 2010-01-06
PL345985A1 (en) 2001-08-27
AR027549A1 (es) 2003-04-02
CA2337978A1 (en) 2001-08-25
PL203741B1 (pl) 2009-11-30
ATE352895T1 (de) 2007-02-15

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