EP1112400B1 - Verfahren zur herstellung eines multiaxialgeleges aus multifilamentfäden - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung eines multiaxialgeleges aus multifilamentfäden Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1112400B1 EP1112400B1 EP99953545A EP99953545A EP1112400B1 EP 1112400 B1 EP1112400 B1 EP 1112400B1 EP 99953545 A EP99953545 A EP 99953545A EP 99953545 A EP99953545 A EP 99953545A EP 1112400 B1 EP1112400 B1 EP 1112400B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- threads
- multifilament
- distribution
- layer
- layers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Revoked
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B23/00—Flat warp knitting machines
- D04B23/10—Flat warp knitting machines for knitting through thread, fleece, or fabric layers, or around elongated core material
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B21/14—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes
- D04B21/16—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes incorporating synthetic threads
- D04B21/165—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes incorporating synthetic threads with yarns stitched through one or more layers or tows, e.g. stitch-bonded fabrics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/002—Inorganic yarns or filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
- D04H3/04—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments in rectilinear paths, e.g. crossing at right angles
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
- D04H3/115—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by applying or inserting filamentary binding elements
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
- D10B2403/02—Cross-sectional features
- D10B2403/024—Fabric incorporating additional compounds
- D10B2403/0241—Fabric incorporating additional compounds enhancing mechanical properties
- D10B2403/02412—Fabric incorporating additional compounds enhancing mechanical properties including several arrays of unbent yarn, e.g. multiaxial fabrics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2505/00—Industrial
- D10B2505/02—Reinforcing materials; Prepregs
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method of manufacture a multiaxial scrim made of multifilament threads according to the Preamble of the main claim.
- a device for producing a multiaxial scrim Multifilament threads are, for example, in the literature reference "Rationalization of the production of long fiber reinforced composite materials through the use of multiaxial fabrics "from Karlheinz Hörsting, Verlag Shaker, Aachen 1954, in particular Pages 30 and 32.
- the multifilament threads are drawn off from the bobbin and fed wagons that moved on adjustable rails and the multifilament threads in the required Orientation ⁇ 25 ° to 90 ° in a so-called needle transport chain lay down. You can use a reed on every shot car Density of the registered threads can be adjusted, thus determine the basis weight of the individual layers. For the the precise oscillation in the needle transport chains swings Shot car in the edge area beyond the transport chain. When braking at the reversal point, the excess delivered Material compensated by a thread storage. By a corresponding movement, the multifilament threads are behind the needles of the transport chain pressed. For parallel filing to ensure the multifilament threads is then a Offset of the shot wagon reed in the production direction accordingly the range of threads. After this The shot carriage swings out of alignment again and moves to opposite side of the scrim.
- the feeding of the 0 ° filaments - that is, in the production direction stretch - takes place directly from a warp beam or an additional coil gate immediately before a knitting or Sewing machine.
- the loose thread scrim is fixed with the help of a conventional knitting or sewing machine realized. Subsequently the marginal areas of the scrim, which are in the Transport chain lie, separated, because here due to strong Filament curvature fiber damage present.
- the finished Multiaxial scrims are then wound onto a fabric tree.
- the weft multifilaments are in the production direction seen at an angle of ⁇ 22.5 ° to ⁇ 60 ° and more and also stored in a 90 ° direction, while the so-called Warp threads are fed in the 0 ° direction, d. H. so run parallel to the production direction.
- Multiaxial scrims often consist of very flexible and multifilaments and fragile fibers the winding of the finished scrim leads to the goods tree then when the 0 ° multifilaments are placed in the top layer are overstressing the fibers of these Multifilament threads.
- Multiaxial scrims have therefore been used so far that one produced fabrics with, for example, three layers in which the 0 ° multifilaments are also arranged in the uppermost layer then one of these scrubs turned over so that two Layers were placed on top of each other in which the 0 ° multifilaments were arranged in the middle, i.e.
- the invention has for its object a multiaxial scrim to create where it is possible to use the 0 ° multifilament threads to feed at any point on the scrim, their predetermined Secure position and still make a clutch, that is made up of seven layers, for example, but only one only has to be sewn once.
- the free floating reeds ensure the correct position of the 0 ° multifilament threads in front of the sewing or knitting machine, itself if these multifilament threads become tangled when the following through the weft entry car in other orientations filed multifilament threads should have moved and are secured at a distance from each other the sewing point fed.
- the 0 ° multifilaments over a with the usual needle chains Circulating funding supported and up to Sewing point.
- This funding can be used as a conveyor belt be trained and equipped with a variety of fine needles be the retention of the when inserted into the Needle chain predetermined distribution of all layers up to the sewing point guaranteed.
- the 0 ° multifilaments not be included in the needle transport chain, but theoretically free floating on the already filed, in the weft threads bound to the needle transport chains are deposited position, but due to the fine needles of the conveyor belt are kept secured against distribution.
- a grant can a conveyor belt or a slat can be used or a belt cloth.
- the individual thread layers are independent of their orientation in addition to that in the needle transport chains held weft threads deposited on a surface the multifilament threads due to one of the Surface of this area and the prevailing vacuum fix the scrim suction pressure up to the sewing point to lead.
- the threads of the 0 ° position material fit, d. H. form-fitting in their arrangement secured or distributed.
- the threads of the 0 ° position can be self-locking be connected or with at least one of the in different Orientations oriented multifilament thread layers.
- the material-tight position securing or distribution securing can by spraying an adhesive or wetting of the 0 ° threads, these threads then either with yourself or with the adjacent multifilament thread layer be glued.
- the 0 ° warp filaments can be arranged at any height in the layer of the scrim, so that the scrim can be better adapted to the requirements regarding tensile strength.
- the fixation of the 0 ° warp filament is secured from the entry point to the sewing point - in any case immediately before the sewing point.
- a sewing or knitting machine 1 Production of a multi-axial scrim shown.
- 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 are the weft insertion systems for the +/- 24 ° to 90 ° threads shown and with 7 and 8 the thread feeds running in 0 ° position.
- Riet 9 and 10 are in these thread feeds of the 0 ° threads switched on and the threads are over pulleys 11 and 12 inserted into the clutch.
- Fig. 2 shows a view of a reed comb, for example of the free-floating reed 14, and Fig. 3 shows how the in 0 ° position introduced multifilament thread 8 guided in this reed becomes.
- FIG. 4 is a rotating conveyor belt 20 recognizable, on the multifilament threads in the +/- 25 ° - 90 ° position are arranged, between these threads 0 ° multifilament threads 7 and 8 are indicated. While the in Production direction at an angle of +/- 22.5 ° - 90 ° Weft threads essentially through the needle transport chain they will be secured in their position as well by needles 21 arranged on the conveyor belt 20 in their Location and distribution secured. In Fig. 4 these are needles Exaggeratedly large and at an exaggerated distance from each other shown to illustrate the invention. In in practice, these are fine conifers or needle beams, the needles being very fine and in a very slight Are spaced from each other.
- Fig. 4 is intended to clarify that the 0 ° multifilament threads 7 and 8 prevented by these needles 21 be to move across the conveyor belt 20 and thus are fed to the sewing point in a secure position and distribution, which is also indicated purely schematically at 22 in FIG. 4.
- Fig. 4 are indicated by 23, the sewing or warp threads, which by the Needles 22 are drawn into the clutch and thereby the Sew the clutch to the one not shown in the drawing Goods tree is led.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Knitting Machines (AREA)
- Sewing Machines And Sewing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Fixierung der 0°-Kettfadenfilamente ist vom Eintragungspunkt aus bis zur Vemähstelle - auf jeden Fall aber unmittelbar vor der Vernähstelle - gesichert. Diese erzielten Vorteile sind insbesondere dann von besonders großer Wichtigkeit, wenn die Multifilamenffäden ganz oder teilweise aus Carbonfasern gebildet werden.
- Fig. 1
- schematisch eine Näh- oder Wirkmaschine zur Herstellung eines Multiaxialgeleges, in
- Fig. 2
- eine Ansicht auf einen Rietkamm, in
- Fig. 3
- eine Schnittleiste der Linie 3- 3 in Fig. 2 und in
- Fig. 4
- eine Ansicht auf eine abgeänderte Ausführungsform der Erfindung.
Claims (8)
- Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Multiaxialgeleges aus Multifilamentfäden, die in unterschiedlichen Orientierungen übereinandergelegt sind, wobei die Fäden der 0°-Lage in Produktionsrichtung verlaufen und zwischen die in unterschiedlichen Orientierungen geschichteten übrigen Multifilamentlagen eingelegt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fäden der 0°-Lage mittels lagesichernden bzw. verteilungssichernden Hilfsmitteln im Bereich vor der Nähwirkmaschine geführt werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Multifilamente der Fäden der 0°-Lage vor der Zuführung zur Nähwirkmaschine und damit der Vernähung des Geleges durch freischwebende Riete in ihrer am Einführungsbereich vorgegebenen Verteilung fixiert werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Multiaxialgelege auf ein in Produktionsrichtung laufendes Fördermittel abgelegt wird, das mit einer Vielzahl feiner Nadeln ausgerüstet ist, die die beim Einlegen vorgegebene Verteilung aller Lagen bis zur Nähstelle sichern und die Fäden der 0°-Lagen vor der Zuführung zur Nähwirkmaschine und damit der Vernähung des Geleges in ihrer Verteilung und Lage sichern.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Fördermittel ein umlaufendes Förderband eingesetzt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Fördermittel ein sogenanntes Lattentuch eingesetzt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Fördermittel ein sogenanntes Gurttuch eingesetzt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Multifilamentfäden des Axialgeleges einschl. der Fäden der 0°-Lage auf eine unter Unterdruck stehende Fläche abgelegt und auf diese aufgesaugt und bis zur Nähstelle geführt werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens die Fäden der 0°-Lage materialschlüssig in ihrer Anordnung mit sich selbst oder mit mindestens einer der in unterschiedlichen Orientierungen ausgerichteten Multifilamentfädenlagen lagegesichert bzw. verteilungsgesichert werden.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19839901 | 1998-09-02 | ||
DE19839901 | 1998-09-02 | ||
DE19855941A DE19855941A1 (de) | 1998-09-02 | 1998-12-04 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Multiaxialgeleges aus Multifilamentfäden |
DE19855941 | 1998-12-04 | ||
PCT/DE1999/002611 WO2000014317A1 (de) | 1998-09-02 | 1999-08-18 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines multiaxialgeleges aus multifilamentfäden |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1112400A1 EP1112400A1 (de) | 2001-07-04 |
EP1112400B1 true EP1112400B1 (de) | 2002-09-04 |
Family
ID=26048544
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99953545A Revoked EP1112400B1 (de) | 1998-09-02 | 1999-08-18 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines multiaxialgeleges aus multifilamentfäden |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6668596B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1112400B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000014317A1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10258357A1 (de) * | 2002-12-12 | 2004-07-22 | Karl Mayer Malimo Textilmaschinenfabrik Gmbh | Verfahren und Legeanordnung zur Herstellung eines bahnförmigen Multiaxialgeleges, das Multifilamentfäden besitzt |
DE10303992B3 (de) * | 2003-02-01 | 2005-01-20 | Saertex Wagener Gmbh & Co Kg | Multiaxialkomplex |
DE102013216185A1 (de) * | 2013-08-14 | 2015-02-19 | Karl Mayer China Ltd. | Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen eines Geleges |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7212229B2 (en) * | 1997-04-04 | 2007-05-01 | Eastman Kodak Company | Digital camera providing image processing for an attachable printer |
DE10163683C1 (de) * | 2001-12-21 | 2003-08-14 | Mayer Malimo Textilmaschf | Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung eines mehrschichtigen, vorfixieren Faden-oder Fasergeleges |
US8246882B2 (en) * | 2003-05-02 | 2012-08-21 | The Boeing Company | Methods and preforms for forming composite members with interlayers formed of nonwoven, continuous materials |
DE50305640D1 (de) * | 2003-09-02 | 2006-12-21 | Mayer Malimo Textilmaschf | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Vorlegen und Fixieren von bandförmigen Filamentscharen |
AU2004317170B2 (en) * | 2004-03-10 | 2008-07-17 | Saertex Gmbh & Co. Kg | Multiaxial complex |
DE102004041401B4 (de) * | 2004-08-27 | 2006-09-28 | Karl Mayer Malimo Textilmaschinenfabrik Gmbh | Wirkmaschine |
ES2289902A1 (es) * | 2005-11-18 | 2008-02-01 | Owens-Cornig Fiberglas España, S.A. | Tejido para impregnacion. |
MX340872B (es) | 2011-04-18 | 2016-07-27 | Fyfe Co Llc | Revestimiento expandible para la protección y fortalecimiento de tuberías existentes. |
AU2015275790A1 (en) | 2014-06-16 | 2016-12-01 | Fyfe Co. Llc | Repair of pipes |
WO2016009361A1 (en) | 2014-07-14 | 2016-01-21 | Fyfe Co. Llc | Method of reininforcing a pipe with a pipe lining, reinforced pipe and method of waterproofing a reinforced pipe |
US9993992B2 (en) | 2015-04-17 | 2018-06-12 | Fyfe Co. Llc | Structural fabric useful for lining pipe |
CN104846539B (zh) * | 2015-06-09 | 2017-06-27 | 常州市新创复合材料有限公司 | 一种单向混编编织物的生产方法 |
US10077855B2 (en) | 2015-09-22 | 2018-09-18 | Ina Acquisition Corp. | Method of lining pipe with high strength liner, high strength liner, and pipe lined with high strength liner |
DE102016111177A1 (de) * | 2016-06-17 | 2017-12-21 | V. Fraas Gmbh | Betonbewehrungsgitterelement, ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung, eine Wirkmaschine für dessen Herstellung sowie dessen Verwendung |
US11173634B2 (en) | 2018-02-01 | 2021-11-16 | Ina Acquisition Corp | Electromagnetic radiation curable pipe liner and method of making and installing the same |
US10704728B2 (en) | 2018-03-20 | 2020-07-07 | Ina Acquisition Corp. | Pipe liner and method of making same |
US10920351B2 (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2021-02-16 | Xerox Corporation | Sewing method and apparatus to increase 3D object strength |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3952550A (en) * | 1973-12-10 | 1976-04-27 | W. Schlafhorst & Co. | Knit fabric incorporating a warp stitch weave |
DE2545782C3 (de) * | 1975-10-13 | 1980-08-21 | Volker 8712 Volkach Friedrich | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Diagonalgeleges |
US4325999A (en) | 1979-11-23 | 1982-04-20 | Hitco | Bias fabric |
US4567738A (en) * | 1980-11-26 | 1986-02-04 | Knytex, Inc. | Structural fabric and method for making same |
SE8305905L (sv) * | 1982-10-29 | 1984-04-30 | Polylok Corp | Tyg med snett inslag |
DE3343048A1 (de) * | 1983-11-28 | 1985-06-05 | Liba Maschinenfabrik Gmbh, 8674 Naila | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum legen von querschussfaeden fuer eine kettenwirkmaschine |
US4556440A (en) * | 1984-04-23 | 1985-12-03 | Jb Group, Inc. | Method and apparatus for production of bias fabrics |
DE3529287C1 (de) * | 1985-08-16 | 1986-12-18 | Karl Mayer Textil-Maschinen-Fabrik Gmbh, 6053 Obertshausen | Legevorrichtung mit umlaufenden Fadenlegern fuer Kettenwirkmaschinen |
US4741941A (en) | 1985-11-04 | 1988-05-03 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Nonwoven web with projections |
DE3910245C2 (de) | 1988-03-30 | 2002-10-24 | Volker Friedrich | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Fadengitters |
US5269863A (en) * | 1990-09-24 | 1993-12-14 | Akzo Nv | Continuous process for the manufacture of substrates for printed wire boards |
US5809805A (en) * | 1996-09-03 | 1998-09-22 | Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation | Warp/knit reinforced structural fabric |
DE19852281C2 (de) * | 1998-11-13 | 2003-04-30 | Mayer Malimo Textilmaschf | Vorrichtung zur Zuführung einer mehrlagigen, multiaxialen Fadenschicht zu der Wirkstelle einer Kettenwirkmaschine |
-
1999
- 1999-08-18 WO PCT/DE1999/002611 patent/WO2000014317A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-08-18 US US09/786,152 patent/US6668596B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-18 EP EP99953545A patent/EP1112400B1/de not_active Revoked
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10258357A1 (de) * | 2002-12-12 | 2004-07-22 | Karl Mayer Malimo Textilmaschinenfabrik Gmbh | Verfahren und Legeanordnung zur Herstellung eines bahnförmigen Multiaxialgeleges, das Multifilamentfäden besitzt |
DE10258357B4 (de) * | 2002-12-12 | 2005-03-17 | Karl Mayer Malimo Textilmaschinenfabrik Gmbh | Verfahren und Legeanordnung zur Herstellung eines bahnförmigen Multiaxialgeleges, das Multifilamentfäden besitzt |
DE10303992B3 (de) * | 2003-02-01 | 2005-01-20 | Saertex Wagener Gmbh & Co Kg | Multiaxialkomplex |
DE102013216185A1 (de) * | 2013-08-14 | 2015-02-19 | Karl Mayer China Ltd. | Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen eines Geleges |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2000014317A1 (de) | 2000-03-16 |
EP1112400A1 (de) | 2001-07-04 |
US6668596B1 (en) | 2003-12-30 |
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