EP1060311B1 - Modular wall or double wall element for dry assembly - Google Patents

Modular wall or double wall element for dry assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1060311B1
EP1060311B1 EP99964750A EP99964750A EP1060311B1 EP 1060311 B1 EP1060311 B1 EP 1060311B1 EP 99964750 A EP99964750 A EP 99964750A EP 99964750 A EP99964750 A EP 99964750A EP 1060311 B1 EP1060311 B1 EP 1060311B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
modular element
modular
water
horizontal
vertical
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EP99964750A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1060311A1 (en
Inventor
Jérôme Guibert
Jean-Yves Moulin
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Studexe SARL
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Studexe SARL
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0208—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of trapezoidal shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0226—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with tongues and grooves next to each other on the end surface

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an element modular wall or double wall for dry mounting.
  • the structural part is realized in reinforced concrete or blocks, and the facing part is made with a veneer of briquettes, stones, or like. While the structural part is intended for to be covered inside the building by a covering formed for example by plaster or by panels of plaster, the facing part is intended to be seen from outside.
  • an isolation space can be provided between the structural and facing parts, in order to insert layers of glass wool or another insulating material.
  • a watertightness defect is, on the other hand, much more delicate to adjust, and it is that currently no modular wall element or double wall for dry mounting available on the market does not allow to solve this problem satisfactorily sealing.
  • WO 80/02301 which describes a block exhibiting capillary channels 11 made in its vertical longitudinal plane of symmetry of the block to both on its upper, lower and side faces to allow the evacuation of water
  • EP-A-0 383 693 which describes a nesting by rabbet forming baffles as a barrier against moisture and having an inclined upper edge to evacuate this moisture.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a modular wall element or double wall for mounting in dry to obtain walls or double waterproof walls to water without the need to add what any other protection.
  • Such walls or double walls are totally waterproof to water, so that it becomes possible to get rid of any additional means of protection.
  • identical reference numerals designate identical organs or sets of organs or the like.
  • This standard modular element S is substantially parallelepipedic and reversible, that is to say symmetrical with respect to an axis ZZ 'passing through its center of gravity G, and it is intended to be positioned so that this axis either vertical (see Figure 1).
  • Its upper face 1a has a central beach substantially flat 2a bordered by two projections longitudinal 3a, 3a 'extending over its entire length.
  • Each of these longitudinal projections presents, the outside to the inside of the modular element, a inclined flank 11a, 11a ', a horizontal flank 12a, 12a' and a vertical flank 13a, 13a '.
  • the inclined flanks 11a, 11a ' are preferably angle of about 30 ° to the vertical.
  • the optional chamfers 16, 16 ' preferably an angle of about 45 ° to the vertical.
  • the lower face 1b of the modular element S has a substantially flat central area 2b lined by two longitudinal grooves 3b, 3b 'defining a complementary nesting with longitudinal protrusions 3a, 3a '(see FIG. 3).
  • Each of these longitudinal grooves thus presents, from the outside to the inside of the modular element, a inclined flank 11b, 11b ', a horizontal flank 12b, 12b' and a vertical flank 13b, 13b '.
  • the upper faces 1a and lower 1b are shaped so that when two modular elements are stacked one on the other, their flat beaches apply against each other, while their projections and their longitudinal grooves are separated by a clearance J, preferably at least equal to 2 mm.
  • the upper face of the modular element S also has two horizontal grooves 20, 20 ' situated on the vertical flanks 13a, 13a 'and extending over the entire length of the modular element.
  • the cumulative transversal extension E1 of a projection longitudinal 3a, 3a 'and a horizontal groove adjacent 20, 20 ' is substantially equal to the extension transverse E2 of a groove 3b, 3b '.
  • the modular element S also comprises two cells 25, 26 which extend between the areas 2a and 2b, and whose upper parts communicate with the horizontal grooves 20, 20 '.
  • These cells have a section substantially Square with rounded corners, radius of curvature R corners preferably being greater than 35 mm (see FIG. 1).
  • the two cells 25, 26 are separated by a cavity intermediate 30 of substantially parallelepipedic shape which also extends between beaches 2a and 2b and whose upper part also communicates with the grooves horizontal 20, 20 '(see Figure 1). As for the 25, 26, the section of this cavity decreases towards the base of the modular element.
  • the lateral faces 31a, 31b of the modular element S intended to cooperate with adjacent modular elements each have two flat beaches 32a, 32a ', 32b, 32b' bordering a central zigzag section 33a, 33b.
  • One 32a ', 32b of the two ranges of each of these faces is connected to an adjacent outer face 15 ', 15 by an optional chamfer 36a, 36b formed in a ridge vertical of the modular element.
  • the faces 31a, 31b define a nesting complementary, and they are preferably shaped so that when two modular elements according the invention are nested, their flat areas apply against each other, while their zigzag parts are separated by a game J 'preferably at least equal to 2mm (see Figure 4).
  • the zigzag portions 33a, 33b each comprise three vertical grooves 40a, 40a ', 40a "and 40b, 40b', 40b "extending over their entire height, these grooves being positioned to face the grooves adjacent modular elements.
  • U-shaped cavity 150 open upwards and extending the entire length of the modular element between its upper 102a and lower 102b ranges (see Figure 2).
  • Two pairs of narrow cells 125, 125 'and 126, 126' extending between ranges 102a and 102b are placed between both sides of the U-shaped cavity 150. The parts of these cells communicate with the grooves horizontal 120, 120 '.
  • This modular corner element presents the same characteristics that a standard modular element (it comprises, in particular, two cells 225, 226 and a cavity intermediate 230), with some differences below.
  • the side faces 231a, 231b intended to be placed against adjacent modular elements are oriented substantially perpendicular to each other.
  • modular elements described above can be manufactured by molding with a whole range of materials commonly used in the field of construction. Of preferred way, we will use architectural concrete (that is, satisfying certain aesthetic criteria: color, texture, %) water-repellent.
  • Standard modular elements are used for parts in straight alignment, and modular elements left or right angle for corners.
  • the arrangement in straight or staggered stacking of rows of modular elements has the effect of aligning vertically their cells 25, 26, 225, 226. It is possible to then use some of the chimneys so obtained for put in place a vertical chaining that may consist, by for example, using reinforced concrete or metal tie rods vertically distributed at regular horizontal intervals.
  • Rows of modular elements of chaining regular vertical intervals allow, moreover, thanks to the gutters formed by the alignment of the cavities U-shape of these elements, to link together the organs of vertical chaining, and thus to realize a chaining horizontal.
  • the invention offers a simplicity of implementation and a remarkable robustness, it makes it possible to solve sealing problems classically related to walls or double modular walls mounted dry.
  • the clearances between the protrusions 3a, 3a ', 203a, 203a 'and the grooves 3b, 3b' on the one hand, and between the zigzag sections 33a, 33b on the other hand make it possible to create zones of separation between modular elements in which water can difficult to progress by capillarity. We form sort of physical barriers to water infiltration.
  • the optional horizontal chamfers 16, 16 'and vertical lines 36a, 36b make it possible to highlight the lines of join between the modular elements, and so create a visual rhythm on the walls or double walls built.
  • the invention extends to other specific modular elements needed for the realization of singular elements, such as half-elements modular to realize the turns of windows, the modular elements of L-chaining to realize the floors, etc.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Fencing (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a modular wall or double wall element (S) for dry assembly characterised in that some at least (1a, 1b, 31a, 31b) of its faces arranged to co-operate with adjacent modular elements have contact parts (2a, 2b; 32a, 32a'; 32b, 32b') designed to be pressed against said adjacent modular elements, and separating parts (3a, 3a'; 3b, 3b'; 33a', 33b) arranged to remain separated by a clearance of said adjacent modular elements, said clearance being sufficiently large to limit, even eliminate, infiltration of water by capillary action. The invention is applicable to the field of construction building.

Description

La présente invention est relative à un élément modulaire de mur ou double mur pour montage à sec.The present invention relates to an element modular wall or double wall for dry mounting.

Il est connu de réaliser, dans le domaine du bâtiment, des murs ou doubles murs comportant d'une part une partie de structure destinée à être placée à l'intérieur du bâtiment, et d'autre part une partie de parement destinée à être placée à l'extérieur du bâtiment.It is known to realize, in the field of building, walls or double walls with a part structure intended to be placed inside the building, and on the other hand a part of facing intended for to be placed outside the building.

Classiquement, la partie de structure est réalisée en béton armé ou en parpaings, et la partie de parement est réalisée avec un placage de briquettes, de pierres, ou analogues. Tandis que la partie de structure est destinée à être recouverte à l'intérieur du bâtiment par un habillage formé par exemple par du plâtre ou par des panneaux de plâtre, la partie de parement est destinée à être vue de l'extérieur.Classically, the structural part is realized in reinforced concrete or blocks, and the facing part is made with a veneer of briquettes, stones, or like. While the structural part is intended for to be covered inside the building by a covering formed for example by plaster or by panels of plaster, the facing part is intended to be seen from outside.

Selon les cas, on peut prévoir un espace d'isolation entre les parties de structure et de parement, afin d'y insérer des couches de laine de verre ou d'un autre matériau isolant.Depending on the case, an isolation space can be provided between the structural and facing parts, in order to insert layers of glass wool or another insulating material.

S'il est vrai que de tels murs ou doubles murs constituent une solution rationnelle tout à fait adaptée aux besoins du domaine du bâtiment, il n'en demeure pas moins que leur coût de mise en oeuvre est relativement élevé.If it is true that such walls or double walls constitute a rational solution quite suitable to the needs of the building sector, there is no unless their implementation cost is relatively Student.

Afin de réduire ce coût, différentes solutions de murs ou doubles murs modulaires ont été proposées par le passé.To reduce this cost, different wall solutions or double modular walls have been proposed in the past.

Certaines d'entre elles consistent en éléments modulaires conformés pour s'emboíter les uns dans les autres à sec, c'est à dire sans mortier ou autre moyen de solidarisation analogue. Ces solutions permettent d'augmenter les cadences de pose et d'avoir recours à une main d'oeuvre relativement peu qualifiée, et donc de réduire le coût des ouvrages à exécuter.Some of them consist of elements modular shaped to fit into each other other dry, ie without mortar or other means of similar solidarity. These solutions allow to increase the speed of installation and to resort to a relatively unskilled labor, and therefore reduce the cost of the works to be executed.

Cela dit, la suppression de joints physiques entre les éléments modulaires soulève un certain nombre de problèmes, parmi lesquels des problèmes d'étanchéité à l'air et à l'eau.Having said that, the removal of physical joints between modular elements raises a number of problems, which include airtightness and the water.

On peut aisément pallier un défaut d'étanchéité à l'air en recouvrant par exemple la face des murs ou doubles murs modulaires située vers l'intérieur du bâtiment par un habillage de plâtre ou de panneaux de plâtre.It is easy to overcome a lack of waterproofness at the air covering for example the face of the walls or doubles modular walls located towards the interior of the building by a dressing of plaster or plasterboard.

Un défaut d'étanchéité à l'eau est, en revanche, beaucoup plus délicat à régler, et il se trouve qu'actuellement aucun élément modulaire de mur ou double mur pour montage à sec disponible sur le marché ne permet de résoudre de manière satisfaisante ce problème d'étanchéité.A watertightness defect is, on the other hand, much more delicate to adjust, and it is that currently no modular wall element or double wall for dry mounting available on the market does not allow to solve this problem satisfactorily sealing.

L'on remarquera cependant WO 80/02301 qui décrit un bloc présentant des canaux capillaires 11 réalisés dans son plan de symétrie longitudinal vertical du bloc à la fois sur ses faces supérieure, inférieure et latérales pour permettre l'évacuation de l'eau, ainsi que EP-A-0 383 693 qui décrit un emboítement par feuillures formant des chicanes servant de barrière contre l'humidité et présentant un bord supérieur incliné pour évacuer cette humidité.It will be noted, however, WO 80/02301 which describes a block exhibiting capillary channels 11 made in its vertical longitudinal plane of symmetry of the block to both on its upper, lower and side faces to allow the evacuation of water, as well as EP-A-0 383 693 which describes a nesting by rabbet forming baffles as a barrier against moisture and having an inclined upper edge to evacuate this moisture.

La présente invention a pour but principal de fournir un élément modulaire de mur ou double mur pour montage à sec permettant d'obtenir des murs ou doubles murs étanches à l'eau sans qu'il soit nécessaire d'ajouter quelle qu'autre protection que ce soit.The main object of the present invention is to provide a modular wall element or double wall for mounting in dry to obtain walls or double waterproof walls to water without the need to add what any other protection.

On atteint ce but principal de l'invention, ainsi que d'autres qui apparaítront à la lecture qui va suivre, avec un élément modulaire de mur ou double mur pour montage à sec, dont les faces supérieure et inférieure présentent chacune au moins une partie de contact conformée en plage sensiblement plane et une partie de séparation conformée respectivement en saillie et en gorge longitudinales définissant un emboítement complémentaire, conformément à la revendication 1.This main goal of the invention is achieved, as well as others that will appear in the reading that will follow, with a modular wall element or double wall for mounting in dry, whose upper and lower faces each have at least one contact part shaped into a substantially flat area and a portion of consistent separation respectively protruding and throat longitudinal defining a complementary nesting, according to claim 1.

Suivant d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention:

  • lesdites saillie et gorge longitudinales sont aptes à assurer le guidage dudit élément modulaire lors du montage, à le maintenir en place une fois qu'il est monté, et à former une barrière mécanique aux infiltrations horizontales dynamiques d'eau et d'air,
  • lesdites saillie et gorge longitudinales présentent, de l'extérieur vers l'intérieur dudit élément modulaire, au moins un flanc incliné par rapport à la verticale, un flanc horizontal et un flanc vertical,
  • ledit flanc incliné fait un angle d'environ 30° par rapport à la verticale,
  • ledit élément modulaire comprend au moins un alvéole s'étendant entre les plages planes desdites faces supérieure et inférieure, afin d'imposer un cheminement vertical aux éventuelles infiltrations d'eau, ainsi que d'alléger ledit élément modulaire,
  • ladite face supérieure comporte au moins une rainure horizontale s'étendant suivant sa longueur et communiquant avec ledit alvéole, afin de former un obstacle supplémentaire aux infiltrations horizontales d'eau et de canaliser celles-ci vers ledit alvéole,
  • ladite rainure horizontale est adjacente à ladite saillie longitudinale, afin de stopper les éventuelles infiltrations d'eau aussi près que possible de l'extérieur dudit élément modulaire,
  • l'extension transversale cumulée de ladite saillie longitudinale et de ladite rainure horizontale est sensiblement égale à l'extension transversale de ladite gorge longitudinale,
  • la section dudit alvéole diminue vers la base dudit élément modulaire, afin de faciliter son démoulage lors de la fabrication et de permettre le cheminement de l'eau par « effet cafetière »,
  • ledit alvéole présente une section sensiblement rectangulaire à coins arrondis, afin de prévenir les amorces de rupture,
  • le rayon de courbure des coins dudit alvéole est supérieur à 35 mm,
  • ledit élément modulaire comporte deux alvéoles disposés de manière à pouvoir constituer des cheminées d'évacuation d'eau dans un empilement droit ou en quinconce, et à permettre éventuellement la mise en place d'organes de chaínage vertical,
  • lesdits deux alvéoles sont séparés par une cavité intermédiaire communiquant avec ladite rainure horizontale, afin de permettre un compactage plus homogène du matériau constituant ledit élément modulaire lors de la fabrication, et afin de former une cheminée d'évacuation d'eau supplémentaire,
  • les faces latérales dudit élément modulaire destinées à coopérer avec des éléments modulaires adjacents présentent chacune au moins une plage sensiblement plane et une partie profilée en zigzag définissant un emboítement complémentaire, afin d'assurer le guidage dudit élément modulaire lors du montage, de le maintenir en place une fois qu'il est monté, et de former une barrière mécanique aux infiltrations verticales dynamiques d'eau et d'air,
  • lesdites plages planes constituent des parties de contact et lesdites parties profilées en zigzag constituent des parties de séparation pour former un jeu destiné à limiter -voire à éliminer- les infiltrations verticales d'eau par capillarité,
  • lesdites faces latérales comportent des rainures verticales s'étendant sur toute leur hauteur, afin de former un obstacle supplémentaire aux infiltrations verticales d'eau et de canaliser celles-ci vers la base dudit élément modulaire,
  • ledit élément modulaire est conformé de sorte que ledit jeu entre parties de séparation soit au moins égal à 2 mm,
  • au moins l'arête horizontale supérieure dudit élément modulaire destinée à être placée vers l'extérieur est conformée de manière à rendre apparente la ligne de jointure horizontale entre deux éléments modulaires empilés,
  • l'une au moins des arêtes verticales dudit élément modulaire destinées à être placées vers l'extérieur est conformée de manière à rendre apparente la ligne de jointure verticale entre deux éléments modulaires adjacents,
  • ledit élément modulaire comprend une cavité en U ou en L s'étendant entre ses faces supérieure et inférieure, afin de former un élément modulaire de chaínage,
  • les faces latérales dudit élément modulaire destinées à être placées contre des éléments modulaires adjacents sont orientées sensiblement perpendiculairement l'une à l'autre, afin de former un élément modulaire d'angle,
  • ledit élément modulaire est réversible, c'est-à-dire sensiblement symétrique par rapport à un axe vertical passant par son centre de gravité, afin de former un élément modulaire standard,
  • ledit élément modulaire est en béton hydrofugé, afin d'éviter qu'il ne s'imprègne d'eau.
According to other features of the invention:
  • said protrusion and longitudinal grooves are capable of guiding said modular element during assembly, to hold it in place once it is mounted, and to form a mechanical barrier to dynamic horizontal infiltration of water and air,
  • said projections and longitudinal grooves have, from the outside towards the inside of said modular element, at least one side inclined with respect to the vertical, a horizontal side and a vertical side,
  • said inclined flank makes an angle of approximately 30 ° with respect to the vertical,
  • said modular element comprises at least one cell extending between the plane beaches of said upper and lower faces, in order to impose a vertical path to the possible infiltrations of water, as well as to lighten said modular element,
  • said upper face comprises at least one horizontal groove extending along its length and communicating with said cell, in order to form an additional obstacle to the horizontal infiltration of water and channeling them towards said cell,
  • said horizontal groove is adjacent to said longitudinal projection, in order to stop any infiltration of water as close as possible to the outside of said modular element,
  • the cumulative transverse extension of said longitudinal projection and of said horizontal groove is substantially equal to the transverse extension of said longitudinal groove,
  • the section of said cell decreases towards the base of said modular element, to facilitate its demolding during manufacture and allow the flow of water by "coffee effect",
  • said cell has a substantially rectangular section with rounded corners, in order to prevent the breaking primers,
  • the radius of curvature of the corners of said cell is greater than 35 mm,
  • said modular element comprises two cells arranged in such a way as to be able to constitute water discharge chimneys in a straight or staggered stack, and possibly to allow the installation of vertical linkage members,
  • said two cells are separated by an intermediate cavity communicating with said horizontal groove, to allow a more homogeneous compaction of the material constituting said modular element during manufacture, and to form an additional water discharge stack,
  • the lateral faces of said modular element intended to cooperate with adjacent modular elements each have at least one substantially flat surface and a zigzag profile part defining a complementary interlocking, in order to ensure the guiding of said modular element during assembly, to maintain it in place once it is mounted, and form a mechanical barrier to dynamic vertical infiltration of water and air,
  • said flat areas constitute contact portions and said zigzag profile portions constitute separation portions to form a clearance intended to limit - to eliminate - the vertical infiltration of water by capillarity,
  • said lateral faces comprise vertical grooves extending over their entire height, in order to form an additional obstacle to the vertical infiltrations of water and to channel them towards the base of said modular element,
  • said modular element is shaped so that said clearance between separating parts is at least equal to 2 mm,
  • at least the upper horizontal edge of said modular element intended to be placed outwards is shaped so as to make apparent the horizontal join line between two stacked modular elements,
  • at least one of the vertical edges of said modular element intended to be placed outwards is shaped so as to make visible the vertical join line between two adjacent modular elements,
  • said modular element comprises a U-shaped or L-shaped cavity extending between its upper and lower faces, to form a modular element of chaining,
  • the lateral faces of said modular element intended to be placed against adjacent modular elements are oriented substantially perpendicularly to each other, in order to form a modular corner element,
  • said modular element is reversible, that is to say substantially symmetrical with respect to a vertical axis passing through its center of gravity, in order to form a standard modular element,
  • said modular element is waterproofed concrete, to prevent it from becoming impregnated with water.

Grâce à ces caractéristiques, on obtient un élément modulaire permettant de construire à sec des murs ou doubles murs comportant des barrières d'étanchéité à l'eau physiques (jeu stoppant les infiltrations par capillarité), mécaniques (géométrie stoppant les infiltrations dynamiques), et chimiques (béton hydrofugé évitant les infiltrations par imprégnation).Thanks to these characteristics, we obtain an element modular design for dry wall construction or double walls with watertight barriers physical (play stoppage infiltration by capillarity), mechanical (geometry stopping infiltrations dynamic), and chemical (water-repellent concrete avoiding infiltration by impregnation).

De tels murs ou doubles murs sont totalement étanches à l'eau, de sorte qu'il devient possible de s'affranchir de tout moyen de protection supplémentaire.Such walls or double walls are totally waterproof to water, so that it becomes possible to get rid of any additional means of protection.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaítront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre et à l'examen du dessin annexé dans lequel:

  • la figure 1 est une vue de dessus d'un élément modulaire standard selon l'invention;
  • la figure 2 est une vue de dessus d'un élément modulaire de chaínage en U selon l'invention;
  • la figure 3 combine une demi-vue de côté et une demi-section verticale d'un empilement de deux éléments modulaires standard et d'un élément modulaire de chaínage en U selon l'invention;
  • la figure 4 est une vue de dessus d'un emboítement d'un élément modulaire standard et d'un élément modulaire d'angle gauche selon l'invention.
Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will appear on reading the description which follows and on examining the appended drawing in which:
  • Figure 1 is a top view of a standard modular element according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a top view of a modular U-shaped chaining element according to the invention;
  • FIG. 3 combines a half-side view and a vertical half-section of a stack of two standard modular elements and a modular U-shaped chaining element according to the invention;
  • Figure 4 is a top view of a socket of a standard modular element and a left angle modular element according to the invention.

Sur ces figures, des références numériques identiques désignent des organes ou des ensembles d'organes identiques ou analogues.In these figures, identical reference numerals designate identical organs or sets of organs or the like.

On se reporte à présent aux figures 1, 3 et 4, sur lesquelles on peut voir un élément modulaire standard S selon l'invention respectivement seul, empilé avec d'autres éléments modulaires S, C selon l'invention, et emboíté avec un élément modulaire d'angle gauche A selon l'invention.Referring now to Figures 1, 3 and 4, on which we can see a standard modular element S according to the invention respectively alone, stacked with others modular elements S, C according to the invention, and fitted with a modular left angle element A according to the invention.

Cet élément modulaire standard S est sensiblement parallélépipédique et réversible, c'est-à-dire symétrique par rapport à un axe ZZ' passant par son centre de gravité G, et il est destiné à être positionné de sorte que cet axe soit vertical (voir figure 1).This standard modular element S is substantially parallelepipedic and reversible, that is to say symmetrical with respect to an axis ZZ 'passing through its center of gravity G, and it is intended to be positioned so that this axis either vertical (see Figure 1).

Sa face supérieure 1a présente une plage centrale sensiblement plane 2a bordée par deux saillies longitudinales 3a, 3a' s'étendant sur toute sa longueur. Its upper face 1a has a central beach substantially flat 2a bordered by two projections longitudinal 3a, 3a 'extending over its entire length.

Chacune de ces saillies longitudinales présente, de l'extérieur vers l'intérieur de l'élément modulaire, un flanc incliné 11a, 11a', un flanc horizontal 12a, 12a' et un flanc vertical 13a, 13a'.Each of these longitudinal projections presents, the outside to the inside of the modular element, a inclined flank 11a, 11a ', a horizontal flank 12a, 12a' and a vertical flank 13a, 13a '.

Les flancs inclinés 11a, 11a' font de préférence un angle d'environ 30° par rapport à la verticale.The inclined flanks 11a, 11a 'are preferably angle of about 30 ° to the vertical.

Ces saillies longitudinales sont reliées aux faces extérieures 15, 15' par des chanfreins optionnels 16, 16' formés dans les arêtes horizontales supérieures de l'élément modulaire.These longitudinal projections are connected to the faces Outer 15, 15 'by optional chamfers 16, 16' formed in the upper horizontal edges of the modular element.

Les chanfreins optionnels 16, 16' font de préférence un angle d'environ 45° par rapport à la verticale.The optional chamfers 16, 16 'preferably an angle of about 45 ° to the vertical.

La face inférieure 1b de l'élément modulaire S présente une plage centrale sensiblement plane 2b bordée par deux gorges longitudinales 3b, 3b' définissant un emboítement complémentaire avec les saillies longitudinales 3a, 3a' (voir figure 3).The lower face 1b of the modular element S has a substantially flat central area 2b lined by two longitudinal grooves 3b, 3b 'defining a complementary nesting with longitudinal protrusions 3a, 3a '(see FIG. 3).

Chacune de ces gorges longitudinales présente ainsi, de l'extérieur vers l'intérieur de l'élément modulaire, un flanc incliné 11b, 11b', un flanc horizontal 12b, 12b' et un flanc vertical 13b, 13b'.Each of these longitudinal grooves thus presents, from the outside to the inside of the modular element, a inclined flank 11b, 11b ', a horizontal flank 12b, 12b' and a vertical flank 13b, 13b '.

Ces gorges longitudinales sont reliées aux faces extérieures 15, 15' par des flancs horizontaux 17, 17' situés dans le même plan que la plage 2b.These longitudinal grooves are connected to the faces 15, 15 'with horizontal flanks 17, 17' located in the same plane as beach 2b.

Les faces supérieure 1a et inférieure 1b sont conformées de sorte que lorsque deux éléments modulaires sont empilés l'un sur l'autre, leurs plages planes s'appliquent l'une contre l'autre, tandis que leurs saillies et leurs gorges longitudinales sont séparées par un jeu J, de préférence au moins égal à 2 mm.The upper faces 1a and lower 1b are shaped so that when two modular elements are stacked one on the other, their flat beaches apply against each other, while their projections and their longitudinal grooves are separated by a clearance J, preferably at least equal to 2 mm.

La face supérieure la de l'élément modulaire S comporte également deux rainures horizontales 20, 20' situées au droit des flancs verticaux 13a, 13a' et s'étendant sur toute la longueur de l'élément modulaire. The upper face of the modular element S also has two horizontal grooves 20, 20 ' situated on the vertical flanks 13a, 13a 'and extending over the entire length of the modular element.

L'extension transversale cumulée E1 d'une saillie longitudinale 3a, 3a' et d'une rainure horizontale adjacente 20, 20' est sensiblement égale à l'extension transversale E2 d'une gorge 3b, 3b'.The cumulative transversal extension E1 of a projection longitudinal 3a, 3a 'and a horizontal groove adjacent 20, 20 'is substantially equal to the extension transverse E2 of a groove 3b, 3b '.

L'élément modulaire S comprend par ailleurs deux alvéoles 25, 26 qui s'étendent entre les plages 2a et 2b, et dont les parties supérieures communiquent avec les rainures horizontales 20, 20'.The modular element S also comprises two cells 25, 26 which extend between the areas 2a and 2b, and whose upper parts communicate with the horizontal grooves 20, 20 '.

Ces alvéoles présentent une section sensiblement carrée à coins arrondis, le rayon de courbure R des coins étant de préférence supérieur à 35 mm (voir figure 1).These cells have a section substantially Square with rounded corners, radius of curvature R corners preferably being greater than 35 mm (see FIG. 1).

Par ailleurs, comme cela est visible sur la figure 3 où l'on a représenté des demi-sections verticales de ces alvéoles, leur section diminue vers la base de l'élément modulaire.Moreover, as can be seen in FIG. 3 where vertical half-sections of these alveoli, their section decreases towards the base of the element Modular.

Les deux alvéoles 25, 26 sont séparés par une cavité intermédiaire 30 de forme sensiblement parallélépipédique qui s'étend également entre les plages 2a et 2b et dont la partie supérieure communique aussi avec les rainures horizontales 20, 20' (voir figure 1). De même que pour les alvéoles 25, 26, la section de cette cavité diminue vers la base de l'élément modulaire.The two cells 25, 26 are separated by a cavity intermediate 30 of substantially parallelepipedic shape which also extends between beaches 2a and 2b and whose upper part also communicates with the grooves horizontal 20, 20 '(see Figure 1). As for the 25, 26, the section of this cavity decreases towards the base of the modular element.

Les faces latérales 31a, 31b de l'élément modulaire S destinées à coopérer avec des éléments modulaires adjacents présentent chacune deux plages planes 32a, 32a', 32b, 32b' bordant une partie centrale profilée en zigzag 33a, 33b.The lateral faces 31a, 31b of the modular element S intended to cooperate with adjacent modular elements each have two flat beaches 32a, 32a ', 32b, 32b' bordering a central zigzag section 33a, 33b.

L'une 32a', 32b des deux plages de chacune de ces faces est reliée à une face extérieure adjacente 15', 15 par un chanfrein optionnel 36a, 36b formé dans une arête verticale de l'élément modulaire.One 32a ', 32b of the two ranges of each of these faces is connected to an adjacent outer face 15 ', 15 by an optional chamfer 36a, 36b formed in a ridge vertical of the modular element.

Les faces 31a, 31b définissent un emboítement complémentaire, et elles sont de préférence conformées de sorte que lorsque deux éléments modulaires selon l'invention sont emboítés, leurs plages planes s'appliquent l'une contre l'autre, tandis que leurs parties en zigzag sont séparées par un jeu J' de préférence au moins égal à 2mm (voir figure 4).The faces 31a, 31b define a nesting complementary, and they are preferably shaped so that when two modular elements according the invention are nested, their flat areas apply against each other, while their zigzag parts are separated by a game J 'preferably at least equal to 2mm (see Figure 4).

Les parties en zigzag 33a, 33b comportent chacune trois rainures verticales 40a, 40a', 40a" et 40b, 40b', 40b" s'étendant sur toute leur hauteur, ces rainures étant positionnées de manière à venir en vis-à-vis des rainures des éléments modulaires adjacents.The zigzag portions 33a, 33b each comprise three vertical grooves 40a, 40a ', 40a "and 40b, 40b', 40b "extending over their entire height, these grooves being positioned to face the grooves adjacent modular elements.

On se reporte à présent à la figure 2, sur laquelle on a représenté un élément modulaire de chaínage C en U selon l'invention, ainsi qu'à la figure 3 sur laquelle on a représenté un tel élément modulaire empilé sur deux éléments modulaires standard S.Referring now to Figure 2, on which represented a modular U-shaped chaining element according to the invention, as well as in Figure 3 on which represented such a modular element stacked on two standard modular elements S.

Cet élément modulaire de chaínage présente les mêmes caractéristiques qu'un élément modulaire standard, à quelques différences près exposées ci-dessous.This modular element of chaining presents the same characteristics that a standard modular element some differences are shown below.

Il comporte une cavité en U 150 ouverte vers le haut et s'étendant sur toute la longueur de l'élément modulaire entre ses plages supérieure 102a et inférieure 102b (voir figure 2).It has a U-shaped cavity 150 open upwards and extending the entire length of the modular element between its upper 102a and lower 102b ranges (see Figure 2).

Deux paires d'alvéoles étroits 125, 125' et 126, 126' s'étendant entre les plages 102a et 102b sont placées de part et d'autre de la cavité en U 150. Les parties supérieures de ces alvéoles communiquent avec les rainures horizontales 120, 120'.Two pairs of narrow cells 125, 125 'and 126, 126' extending between ranges 102a and 102b are placed between both sides of the U-shaped cavity 150. The parts of these cells communicate with the grooves horizontal 120, 120 '.

On se reporte à présent à la figure 4, sur laquelle on a représenté un élément modulaire d'angle gauche A selon l'invention emboíté avec un élément modulaire standard S.Referring now to Figure 4, on which has represented a modular element of left angle A according to the invention fitted with a standard modular element S.

Cet élément modulaire d'angle présente les mêmes caractéristiques qu'un élément modulaire standard (il comprend, notamment, deux alvéoles 225, 226 et une cavité intermédiaire 230), à quelques différences près exposées ci-dessous.This modular corner element presents the same characteristics that a standard modular element (it comprises, in particular, two cells 225, 226 and a cavity intermediate 230), with some differences below.

Les saillies longitudinales 203a, 203a', la gorge longitudinale placée à l'intérieur de l'angle (non représentée) et les rainures horizontales 220, 220' ne s'étendent que sur la moitié environ de la longueur de l'élément modulaire.The longitudinal projections 203a, 203a ', the throat length placed inside the corner (no shown) and the horizontal grooves 220, 220 'do not extend only about half of the length of the modular element.

Les faces latérales 231a, 231b destinées à être placées contre des éléments modulaires adjacents sont orientées sensiblement perpendiculairement l'une à l'autre.The side faces 231a, 231b intended to be placed against adjacent modular elements are oriented substantially perpendicular to each other.

Les éléments modulaires décrits ci-dessus peuvent être fabriqués par moulage avec toute une gamme de matériaux couramment utilisés dans le domaine de la construction. De manière préférée, on utilisera du béton architectonique (c'est-à-dire satisfaisant à certains critères esthétiques: couleur, texture,...) hydrofugé.The modular elements described above can be manufactured by molding with a whole range of materials commonly used in the field of construction. Of preferred way, we will use architectural concrete (that is, satisfying certain aesthetic criteria: color, texture, ...) water-repellent.

Le mode de mise en oeuvre et les avantages de l'élément modulaire selon l'invention découlent directement de la description qui précède.The mode of implementation and the advantages of the modular element according to the invention derive directly from the foregoing description.

Pour réaliser un mur ou double mur, on commence par poser une première rangée d'éléments modulaires sur un sol parfaitement horizontal, obtenu par exemple avec une dalle de béton (non représentée).To make a wall or double wall, we start with lay a first row of modular elements on a floor perfectly horizontal, obtained for example with a slab concrete (not shown).

On emboíte ces éléments modulaires les uns contre les autres grâce aux profils complémentaires de leurs faces latérales.We fit these modular elements against each other others thanks to the complementary profiles of their faces side.

On utilise des éléments modulaires standard pour les parties en alignement droit, et des éléments modulaires d'angle gauche ou droit pour les coins.Standard modular elements are used for parts in straight alignment, and modular elements left or right angle for corners.

Un fois que la première rangée d'éléments modulaires est posée, on vient superposer une seconde rangée d'éléments modulaires de manière à former un empilement droit, c'est à dire sans décalage horizontal entre les deux rangées, ou en quinconce, c'est-à-dire de sorte que les deux rangées soient décalées horizontalement d'une demi-longueur d'élément modulaire.Once the first row of modular elements is put, we just superimpose a second row of modular elements so as to form a stack right, ie without horizontal offset between the two rows, or staggered, that is to say, so that the two rows are horizontally offset by half a length of modular element.

Le guidage et le positionnement correct des éléments modulaires de la seconde rangée est assuré par leurs gorges 3b, 3b', qui coopèrent avec les saillies 3a, 3a', 203a, 203a' des éléments modulaires de la première rangée. Guiding and correct positioning of the elements Modular second row is ensured by their throats 3b, 3b ', which cooperate with the projections 3a, 3a', 203a, 203a 'modular elements of the first row.

En répétant ces opérations autant de fois qu'il est nécessaire, on peut construire un mur ou double mur présentant la hauteur voulue.Repeating these operations as many times as he is necessary, we can build a wall or double wall having the desired height.

La disposition en empilement droit ou en quinconce des rangées d'éléments modulaires a pour effet d'aligner verticalement leurs alvéoles 25, 26, 225, 226. On peut alors utiliser certaines des cheminées ainsi obtenues pour mettre en place un chaínage vertical pouvant consister, par exemple, en poteaux de béton armé ou en tirants métalliques verticaux répartis à intervalles horizontaux réguliers.The arrangement in straight or staggered stacking of rows of modular elements has the effect of aligning vertically their cells 25, 26, 225, 226. It is possible to then use some of the chimneys so obtained for put in place a vertical chaining that may consist, by for example, using reinforced concrete or metal tie rods vertically distributed at regular horizontal intervals.

Des rangées d'éléments modulaires de chaínage posées à intervalles verticaux réguliers permettent par ailleurs, grâce aux gouttières formées par l'alignement des cavités en U de ces éléments, de relier entre eux les organes de chaínage vertical, et ainsi de réaliser un chaínage horizontal.Rows of modular elements of chaining regular vertical intervals allow, moreover, thanks to the gutters formed by the alignment of the cavities U-shape of these elements, to link together the organs of vertical chaining, and thus to realize a chaining horizontal.

Les propriétés d'emboítement vertical et horizontal des éléments modulaires et le chaínage ainsi réalisé permettent d'obtenir des murs ou doubles murs extrêmement résistants, notamment aux efforts appliqués perpendiculairement à leur plan.The properties of vertical and horizontal nesting modular elements and chaining thus realized allow to obtain walls or double walls extremely resistant, including applied efforts perpendicular to their plane.

Le report des charges verticales s'effectue uniquement entre les plages supérieures 2a, 102a et inférieures 2b, 102b étant données les caractéristiques géométriques décrites précédemment. Pour éviter les risques de fissuration, il faut que la planéité de ces plages soit quasi parfaite.Vertical load deferral only takes place between the upper ranges 2a, 102a and lower 2b, 102b being given the geometric characteristics previously described. To avoid the risks of cracking, it is necessary that the flatness of these beaches is almost perfect.

On limite par ailleurs les risques de fissuration liés au report des charges verticales grâce:

  • à la forme arrondie des coins des alvéoles 25, 26, 225, 226 permettant de prévenir les amorces de rupture,
  • au rétrécissement de ces alvéoles vers la base des éléments modulaires, permettant d'obtenir, lors de la fabrication, un démoulage sans arrachement de matière susceptible de fragiliser les éléments modulaires,
  • aux cavités intermédiaires 30, 230 permettant de réaliser, lors de la fabrication, un compactage plus homogène du matériau constituant les éléments modulaires, et ainsi d'éviter par la suite la concentration de contraintes dans certaines zones des éléments modulaires.
It also limits the risks of cracking related to the carry-over of vertical loads thanks to:
  • the rounded shape of the corners of the cells 25, 26, 225, 226 for preventing the breaking primers,
  • the narrowing of these cells towards the base of the modular elements, making it possible to obtain, during manufacture, demolding without tearing of material that may weaken the modular elements,
  • intermediate cavities 30, 230 to achieve, during manufacture, a more homogeneous compaction of the material constituting the modular elements, and thus to avoid the concentration of stress in certain areas of the modular elements.

Outre le fait que l'élément modulaire selon l'invention offre une simplicité de mise en oeuvre et une robustesse remarquables, il permet de résoudre les problèmes d'étanchéité classiquement liés aux murs ou doubles murs modulaires montés à sec.In addition to the fact that the modular element the invention offers a simplicity of implementation and a remarkable robustness, it makes it possible to solve sealing problems classically related to walls or double modular walls mounted dry.

En effet, les emboítements complémentaires des saillies 3a, 3a', 203a, 203a' et des gorges 3b, 3b' d'une part, et des parties profilées en zigzag 33a, 33b d'autre part, permettent de former des barrières mécaniques qui s'opposent aux infiltrations dynamiques d'eau, c'est-à-dire aux infiltrations d'eau en mouvement (cas d'une pluie rabattue par le vent contre un mur ou double mur modulaire, par exemple). A noter par ailleurs que ces barrières mécaniques permettent également de limiter sensiblement les infiltrations d'air.Indeed, the complementary interlocking of projections 3a, 3a ', 203a, 203a' and grooves 3b, 3b 'of a and zigzag sections 33a, 33b of other on the other hand, make it possible to form mechanical barriers oppose the dynamic infiltration of water, that is to say water infiltration in motion (case of a rain folded by the wind against a wall or double modular wall, for example). Note also that these barriers mechanical devices also make it possible to air infiltration.

En outre, et selon une caractéristique essentielle de l'invention, les jeux entre les saillies 3a, 3a', 203a, 203a' et les gorges 3b, 3b' d'une part, et entre les parties profilées en zigzag 33a, 33b d'autre part, permettent de réaliser des zones de séparation entre éléments modulaires dans lesquelles l'eau peut difficilement progresser par capillarité. On forme de la sorte des barrières physiques aux infiltrations d'eau.In addition, and according to an essential characteristic of the invention, the clearances between the protrusions 3a, 3a ', 203a, 203a 'and the grooves 3b, 3b' on the one hand, and between the zigzag sections 33a, 33b on the other hand, make it possible to create zones of separation between modular elements in which water can difficult to progress by capillarity. We form sort of physical barriers to water infiltration.

Il faut noter que ces jeux doivent être suffisamment importants pour éviter que l'eau puisse, grâce à sa tension superficielle, se maintenir en contact simultanément avec les parties en regard de deux éléments modulaires adjacents, et ainsi progresser par capillarité. Différents essais ont mis en évidence qu'en pratique, des jeux au moins égaux à 2mm pouvaient convenir. It should be noted that these games must be sufficiently important to prevent water from being able, thanks to its superficial, keep in touch simultaneously with the parts opposite two modular elements adjacent, and thus progress by capillarity. Different In practice, tests have shown that less equal to 2mm could be suitable.

On notera par ailleurs que l'utilisation d'un matériau tel que du béton hydrofugé permet de limiter les infiltrations d'eau par imprégnation. On forme de la sorte aussi des barrières chimiques aux infiltrations d'eau.Note also that the use of a material such as water-repellent concrete limits the infiltration of water by impregnation. We form in this way also chemical barriers to water infiltration.

Etant donné que ces différentes barrières d'étanchéité agissent sur une certaine profondeur du mur ou double mur modulaire, il convient de prévoir des moyens pour récupérer l'eau à l'intérieur du mur ou double mur.Since these different sealing barriers act on a certain depth of the wall or double wall modular, it is necessary to provide means to recover water inside the wall or double wall.

C'est le rôle des alvéoles 25, 26, 125, 125', 126, 126', 225, 226 et des cavités intermédiaires 30, 230 qui permettent, grâce à l'empilement droit ou en quinconce décrit plus haut, de former des cheminées d'écoulement de l'eau vers le pied du mur ou double mur.This is the role of the cells 25, 26, 125, 125 ', 126, 126 ', 225, 226 and intermediate cavities 30, 230 which allow, thanks to stacking straight or staggered described above, to form flow pipes of water towards the foot of the wall or double wall.

Le rétrécissement de ces alvéoles et de ces cavités vers la base des éléments modulaires permet de créer un « effet cafetière », c'est à dire d'imposer à l'eau un cheminement plaqué contre les deux parois des dièdres aigus formés par les bords inférieurs de ces alvéoles et de ces cavités, et d'éviter ainsi qu'elle ne retourne par capillarité entre les plages planes d'éléments modulaires de rangées inférieures.The narrowing of these cavities and cavities towards the base of modular elements can create a "Coffee-making effect", ie to impose on water a path pressed against the two walls of the acute dihedrons formed by the lower edges of these cells and these cavities, and thus avoid it returning by capillarity between flat areas of modular elements lower rows.

Outre le fait que les rainures horizontales 20, 20', 120, 120', 220, 220' et verticales 40a, 40a', 40a", 40b, 40b', 40b" forment des obstacles supplémentaires aux infiltrations horizontales et verticales d'eau, elles permettent de canaliser l'eau vers les alvéoles 25, 26, 125, 125', 126, 126', 225, 226 et vers les cavités intermédiaires 30, 230.In addition to the fact that the horizontal grooves 20, 20 ', 120, 120 ', 220, 220' and vertical 40a, 40a ', 40a ", 40b, 40b ', 40b "form additional obstacles to horizontal and vertical infiltration of water, they make it possible to channel the water towards the cells 25, 26, 125, 125 ', 126, 126', 225, 226 and to the cavities intermediates 30, 230.

Par ailleurs, on doit garder à l'esprit le fait que les éléments modulaires selon l'invention sont prioritairement destinés à rester visibles, de l'extérieur au moins. Ainsi, les facteurs contribuant à leur qualité esthétique sont primordiaux.In addition, it should be kept in mind that the modular elements according to the invention are primarily intended to remain visible from the outside at least. Thus, the factors contributing to their quality aesthetics are paramount.

Les chanfreins optionnels horizontaux 16, 16' et verticaux 36a, 36b permettent de souligner les lignes de jointure entre les éléments modulaires, et ainsi de créer un rythme visuel sur les murs ou doubles murs construits.The optional horizontal chamfers 16, 16 'and vertical lines 36a, 36b make it possible to highlight the lines of join between the modular elements, and so create a visual rhythm on the walls or double walls built.

L'utilisation de béton architectonique permet d'adapter l'aspect extérieur des murs ou doubles murs aux contraintes architecturales des lieux où elles doivent être construites.The use of architectural concrete allows to adapt the external appearance of walls or double walls to architectural constraints of the places where they must be built.

Enfin, on pourra noter qu'outre le fait que les jeux (J; J') décrits ci-dessus permettent de résoudre les problèmes d'étanchéité des murs ou doubles murs modulaires, ils permettent par ailleurs d'améliorer le comportement de ces murs ou doubles murs dans certaines situations de sinistres.Finally, we can note that besides the fact that the games (J; J ') described above allow solving the problems of waterproofing walls or double modular walls, they also make it possible to improve the behavior of these walls or double walls in certain situations of claims.

En cas d'incendie par exemple, ces jeux permettent d'absorber la dilatation des éléments modulaires liée à une forte élévation de température, et ainsi d'éviter leur claquement.In case of fire for example, these games allow to absorb the expansion of modular elements related to a high temperature rise, and so avoid their slam.

En cas de séisme, ces jeux permettent d'absorber une partie de l'énergie transmise au mur ou double mur par le sol, et ainsi d'éviter sa ruine prématurée.In the event of an earthquake, these games make it possible to absorb a part of the energy transmitted to the wall or double wall by the soil, and so avoid its premature ruin.

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation décrit et représenté, qui a été fourni à titre d'exemple illustratif et non limitatif.Of course, the invention is not limited to the mode of described and represented, which has been provided as a illustrative and non-limiting example.

En particulier, l'invention s'étend à d'autres éléments modulaires spécifiques nécessaires pour la réalisation d'élément singuliers, tels que les demi-éléments modulaires pour réaliser les tours de fenêtres, les éléments modulaires de chaínage en L pour réaliser les planchers, etc.In particular, the invention extends to other specific modular elements needed for the realization of singular elements, such as half-elements modular to realize the turns of windows, the modular elements of L-chaining to realize the floors, etc.

Claims (25)

  1. Single or double-wall modular element (S; C; A) for dry mounting, wherein at least some (1a, 1b ; 31a, 31b ; 231a, 231b) of its sides designed to cooperate with adjacent modular elements have contact components (2a, 2b ; 32a, 32a', 32b, 32b'; 102a, 102b) intended to be applied to said adjacent modular elements, as well as separation components (3a, 3a', 3b, 3b' ; 33a, 33b ; 203a, 203a') intended to remain separated by a set (J ; J') of said adjacent modular elements, this set (J ; J') being large enough to limit - even eliminate - water infiltrations by capillary action.
  2. A modular element (S ; C ; A) according to claim 1, wherein the upper (1a) and lower (1b) sides respectively have at least one component in the form of a substantially flat band (2a; 102a) and a longitudinal protruding separation component (3a, 3a' ; 203a, 203a') and groove (3b, 3b'), constituting a supplementary interlocking, wherein said bands (2a ; 102a) are intended to provide vertical transfer of loads through said modular element (S; C ; A), and wherein said longitudinal protrusion (3a, 3a'; 203a, 203a') and groove (3b, 3b') are designed to limit - even eliminate - water infiltrations by capillary action, as well as to serve as guides during assembly of said modular element (S ; C ; A), hold it in place once it is assembled, and form a mechanical barrier to dynamic horizontal infiltrations of air and water.
  3. A modular element (S ; C ; A) according to claim 2, wherein said longitudinal protrusion (3a, 3a' ; 203a, 203a') and groove (3b, 3b') have, from the outside to the inside of said modular element, at least one side (11a, 11a', 11b, 11b') tilted vertically, one horizontal side (12a, 12a', 12b, 12b'), and one vertical side (13a, 13a', 13b, 13b').
  4. A modular element (S ; C ; A) according to claim 3, wherein said tilted side (11a, 11a', 11b, 11b') is tilted 30° vertically.
  5. A modular element (S ; C ; A) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein there is at least one cell (25, 26 ; 125, 125', 126, 126' ; 225, 226) extending between its upper (1a) and lower (1b) sides in order to force possible infiltrations of water into a vertical stream, as well as to lighten said modular element (S ; C ; A).
  6. A modular element (S ; C ; A) according to claim 5, wherein said upper side (1a) has at least one horizontal groove (20, 20' ; 120, 120' ; 220, 220') which extends in accordance with its length and which communicates with said cell (25, 26 ; 125, 125', 126, 126' ; 225, 226) so as to form an additional obstacle to horizontal infiltrations of water and to channel them towards said cell.
  7. A modular element (S ; C ; A) according to claim 6, when it depends on claim 2, wherein said horizontal groove (20, 20' ; 120, 120' ; 220, 220') is adjacent to said longitudinal protrusion (3a, 3a'; 203a, 203a') so as to stop possible infiltrations of water as close as possible to the outside of said modular element (S ; C ; A).
  8. A modular element (S ; C ; A) according to claim 7, wherein the overall horizontal extension (E1) of said longitudinal protrusion (3a, 3a' 203a, 203a') and of said horizontal groove (20, 20' ; 120, 120' ; 220, 220') is substantially equal to the horizontal extension (E2) of said longitudinal groove (3b, 3b').
  9. A modular element (S ; C ; A) according either of claims 5 through 8, wherein the section of said cell (25, 26 ; 125, 125', 126, 126' ; 225, 226) diminishes towards the base of said modular element so as to facilitate its release from the mould during manufacturing and to enable water to stream off in the manner of a coffee-making machine.
  10. A modular element (S; A) according to any of claims 5-9, wherein said cell (25, 26) has a substantially rectangular section with rounded-off corners so as to prevent incipient breaks.
  11. A modular element (S; A) according to claim 10, wherein the radius of curvature (R) of the corners of said cell (25, 26) is greater than 35mm.
  12. A modular element (S; A) according to any of claims 5-11, wherein it has two cells (25, 26 ; 225, 226) laid out so as to be able to form water removal conduits in stacks or in staggered rows, and possibly to enable the positioning of vertical reinforcement devices.
  13. A modular element modular element (S ; A) according to claim 12, when it depends on claim 6, wherein the two said cells (25, 26 ; 225, 226) are separated by an intermediate cavity (30 ; 230) which connects with said horizontal groove (20, 20') so as to enable a more homogenous compacting of the material of which said modular element (S ; A) is comprised during manufacturing, and to form an additional water escape conduit.
  14. A modular element (S ; C ; A) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein its lateral sides (31a, 31b ; 231a, 231b) are intended to cooperate with adjacent modular elements that each have at least one substantially flat band (32a, 32a', 32b, 32b') and a component with a zigzagged profile (33a, 33b), forming an additional interlocking so as to serve as guides of said modular element (S ; C ; A) during assembly, to hold it in place once it is assembled, and form a mechanical barrier to dynamic horizontal infiltrations of air and water.
  15. A modular element (S ; C ; A) according to claim 14, wherein said flat bands (32a, 32a', 32b, 32b') form contact components and wherein said components with a zigzag profile (33a, 33b) form separation components, thus forming a set (J') intended to limit - even eliminate -- water infiltrations by capillary action.
  16. Modular element (S ; C ; A) according to either of claims 14 or 15, wherein said lateral sides (31a, 31b ; 231a, 231b) have vertical grooves (40a, 40a', 40a", 40b, 40b', 40b") covering their entire height so as to act as an additional obstacle to vertical infiltrations of water and to channel them towards the base of said modular element (S ; C ; A).
  17. A modular element (S ; C ; A) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein it is shaped in such a manner that said set (J; J') between separation components be more than or equal to 2 mm.
  18. A modular element (S ; C ; A) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein at least its upper horizontal ridge (16) meant to be placed towards the outside is shaped in such a manner so as to make visible the horizontal seam between the stacked up modular elements.
  19. A modular element (S ; C ; A) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of its vertical ridges (36a, 36b) intended to be facing outwards is shaped in such a manner as to make visible the vertical seam between two adjacent modular elements.
  20. A modular element (C) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein it has a U- or L-shaped cavity (150) extending between its upper and lower sides so as to form a modular reinforcement element.
  21. A modular element (A) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein its lateral sides (231a, 231b), which are intended to be placed against adjacent modular elements, are substantially situated perpendicularly each other, so as to form a right-angled modular element.
  22. A modular element (S) according to any claims 1-20, wherein it is reversible, or substantially symmetrical along the vertical axis (ZZ') moving from its centre of gravity (G) so as to form a standard modular element.
  23. A modular element (S ; C ; A) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein it is made of water-proofed concrete so as to avoid its getting impregnated with water.
  24. A modular element according to any claims 1-23, in which the top (1a) or bottom (1b) sides each have two separation elements bordering with the contact area.
  25. A single or double-wall, wherein it is comprised of modular element (S ; C ; A) which conform to one of the previous claims.
EP99964750A 1998-12-31 1999-12-31 Modular wall or double wall element for dry assembly Expired - Lifetime EP1060311B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9816715A FR2788072B1 (en) 1998-12-31 1998-12-31 MODULAR WALL OR DOUBLE WALL ELEMENT FOR DRY MOUNTING
FR9816715 1998-12-31
PCT/FR1999/003326 WO2000040817A1 (en) 1998-12-31 1999-12-31 Modular wall or double wall element for dry assembly

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1060311A1 EP1060311A1 (en) 2000-12-20
EP1060311B1 true EP1060311B1 (en) 2005-10-12

Family

ID=9534747

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99964750A Expired - Lifetime EP1060311B1 (en) 1998-12-31 1999-12-31 Modular wall or double wall element for dry assembly

Country Status (13)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1060311B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2002534623A (en)
KR (1) KR20010088278A (en)
CN (1) CN1218101C (en)
AT (1) ATE306593T1 (en)
AU (1) AU3050000A (en)
BR (1) BR9908417A (en)
DE (1) DE69927676T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2255326T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2788072B1 (en)
PL (1) PL342821A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2000040817A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA200005257B (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2858344B1 (en) * 2003-07-28 2007-05-11 Pierre Clement BLOCK FOR BIO CLIMATIC WALL.
FR2991353B1 (en) * 2012-06-05 2016-07-01 Jean Yves Moulin BUILDING BRICK FOR DRY INSTALLATION
KR101769452B1 (en) 2015-05-27 2017-08-18 삼표피앤씨 주식회사 Method for coupling a between the double wall Precast Concrete
KR101897590B1 (en) 2016-01-21 2018-09-12 삼표피앤씨 주식회사 Construction structure for preventing the leaks using double wall PCs

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1980002301A1 (en) * 1979-04-23 1980-10-30 Interbloc Masonry Units Ltd Improved building block and structures formed therewith
FR2643099B1 (en) * 1989-02-16 1992-08-28 Essbloc Sa BUILDING BLOCK WITH DRY ASSEMBLY AND BUILDING BUILDING USING SUCH BLOCKS

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1295639A (en) 2001-05-16
EP1060311A1 (en) 2000-12-20
ES2255326T3 (en) 2006-06-16
BR9908417A (en) 2000-10-31
WO2000040817A1 (en) 2000-07-13
AU3050000A (en) 2000-07-24
PL342821A1 (en) 2001-07-02
FR2788072A1 (en) 2000-07-07
ATE306593T1 (en) 2005-10-15
ZA200005257B (en) 2000-12-13
JP2002534623A (en) 2002-10-15
DE69927676D1 (en) 2005-11-17
FR2788072B1 (en) 2001-05-11
DE69927676T2 (en) 2006-07-20
CN1218101C (en) 2005-09-07
KR20010088278A (en) 2001-09-26

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