EP1036050A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung eines opferkörpers zur herstellung von alumina/titanaluminid-verbundkörpern - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung eines opferkörpers zur herstellung von alumina/titanaluminid-verbundkörpernInfo
- Publication number
- EP1036050A1 EP1036050A1 EP98964400A EP98964400A EP1036050A1 EP 1036050 A1 EP1036050 A1 EP 1036050A1 EP 98964400 A EP98964400 A EP 98964400A EP 98964400 A EP98964400 A EP 98964400A EP 1036050 A1 EP1036050 A1 EP 1036050A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sacrificial body
- starting
- filling
- binder
- sacrificial
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- OQPDWFJSZHWILH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Al].[Al].[Al].[Ti] Chemical compound [Al].[Al].[Al].[Ti] OQPDWFJSZHWILH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 229910021324 titanium aluminide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims 5
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims 3
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims 3
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 3
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 208000031872 Body Remains Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009715 pressure infiltration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003826 uniaxial pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910010038 TiAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009694 cold isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011156 metal matrix composite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003746 solid phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010671 solid-state reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000951 Aluminide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001006 Constantan Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;titanium Chemical compound [AlH3].[Ti] UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002902 bimodal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006259 organic additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012766 organic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000754 repressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001170 unmyelinated nerve fiber Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004552 water soluble powder Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/634—Polymers
- C04B35/63404—Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B35/63416—Polyvinylalcohols [PVA]; Polyvinylacetates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/46—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on titanium oxides or titanates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/634—Polymers
- C04B35/63448—Polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B35/63488—Polyethers, e.g. alkylphenol polyglycolether, polyethylene glycol [PEG], polyethylene oxide [PEO]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/636—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- C04B35/6365—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
- C04B35/65—Reaction sintering of free metal- or free silicon-containing compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/51—Metallising, e.g. infiltration of sintered ceramic preforms with molten metal
- C04B41/515—Other specific metals
- C04B41/5155—Aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/88—Metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
- C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00905—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as preforms
- C04B2111/00913—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as preforms as ceramic preforms for the fabrication of metal matrix comp, e.g. cermets
- C04B2111/00922—Preforms as such
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a sacrificial body from an initial batch for the later production of a component from an Al2 ⁇ 3 / titanium aluminide composite material according to the preamble of claim 1, a starting batch for the sacrificial body according to the preamble of claim 16 and a sacrificial body according to the preamble of Claim 27, as everything emerges from the generic DE 196 05 858 AI as known.
- AI discloses a method for producing a component from an Al 2 O 3 / italuminide composite material.
- the ceramic / metal composite combines the properties of the ceramic and the metallic phase and has high strength and high fracture toughness.
- a starting mixture is formed which, inter alia, has an oxidic compound, which compound can be reduced by means of aluminum while simultaneously forming aluminide and Al2O3.
- Ti ⁇ 2 is mentioned as part of the initial batch.
- a near-net shape sacrificial body is produced from the initial batch, which is then infiltrated with AI. The sacrificial body is sintered for stabilization and in particular for filling with aluminum under pressure before the pressure infiltration.
- the sacrificial body After sintering, the sacrificial body is tempered to a filling temperature which is arranged above the melting temperature of the aluminum and / or an aluminum alloy - hereinafter simply called aluminum. Furthermore, the filling temperature is arranged below a reaction temperature at which a so-called SHS Reaction takes place between the aluminum and at least one of the starting materials.
- An SHS reaction self propagating high temperature synthesis
- the sacrificial body is filled with aluminum under pressure and heated again, an exchange reaction now taking place between the aluminum and the constituents of the sacrificial body to form an Al 2 O 3 / titanium aluminide composite material.
- the sacrificial body is usually only partially converted into the Al2 ⁇ 3 / titanium aluminide composite.
- a sacrificial body comprising TiO 2 can only be completely filled with aluminum in some cases.
- such a sacrificial body can also be completely provided with a continuous titanium aluminide hash only in exceptional cases.
- a method for producing a component from a metal / ceramic composite material in which a sacrificial body made of ceramic materials is filled with thermally softened metal - in particular aluminum - and / or with a metallic alloy.
- the filling temperature is arranged below a reaction temperature at which reaction temperature an exchange reaction takes place between a metal of the ceramic primary material and a metal of the filling metal.
- the filled victim's body is heated to or above the reaction temperature, as a result of which the exchange reaction just mentioned then takes place.
- a component is produced from the metal / ceramic composite material, which has a ceramic and a metallic phase with an intermetallic compound of the metal of the ceramic and the metal of the filling metal.
- the ceramic matrix is obtained during the filling and also during the subsequent exchange reaction between the introduced metal and the material of the sacrificial body.
- the pores of the sacrificial body are filled completely, so that when the substances in question are stoichiometrically dimensioned, the component has reacted completely and without cracks or channels.
- the filling metal is preferably aluminum and the metal of the ceramic titanium, so that after the preferred exchange reaction the ceramic phase has TiB x and / or TiC y and / or TiCN and Al2O3, the intermetallic compound of the metallic phase being a high-temperature resistant titanium aluminide , in particular TiAl.
- the material properties of this metal / ceramic composite material are good.
- a metal / ceramic composite that is produced with aluminum as the filling metal and Ti as the metal of the ceramic sacrificial body has a density of 3.4 g / cm 3 , this density being slightly higher than that of the so-called MMCs (metal matrix composites), but is only 42% of the density of comparable cast iron.
- the area of application of the component extends to at least 800 ° C., the values for gray cast iron being clearly exceeded.
- the metal / ceramic composite material produced is used in particular to produce friction rings for the friction surfaces of disc brakes. These friction rings are then attached to the brake disk cup using mechanical connection techniques such as screw connections, etc.
- the starting materials of the sacrificial body must be heated, with a first exchange reaction taking place between the primary materials form high-quality and expensive raw materials for the exchange materials.
- the ceramic phase and the metallic phase are formed from these expensive primary materials and the metal, an exchange reaction being carried out again for this purpose, this time with the primary material and the filling metal.
- SHS reaction Seif propagating high temperature synthesis, means the ignition of a reactive mixture, the reaction maintaining itself and providing the desired ceramic matrix as reaction products).
- a component produced in this way sometimes has an unacceptable porosity, so that the rejection rate is high.
- the filling of sacrificial bodies with TiO 2 as the primary material of the sacrificial body is very poor.
- WO 84/02927 discloses a process for the production of fiber-reinforced die-cast parts with aluminum in the so-called sgueeze-casting process.
- a porous green body is first pressed from an initial mixture containing fibers, which is then filled with aluminum.
- a starting agent is added to the starting mixture, which is thermally removed when the green body is filled. Due to the presence of the pores and the strength of the binder, there is no or at most a negligible deformation of the green body.
- the object of the invention is to further develop the previously known method in such a way that the production of components from a metal / ceramic composite material is simpler, faster and, in particular, cheaper and more economical in terms of energy technology, and that the volume of the composite body is reliable and as far as possible with titanium aluminum. can not be provided.
- the two previously known exchange reactions for converting the aluminum and the materials of the sacrificial body into an Al2 ⁇ 3 / titanium aluminide composite of the starting materials can be carried out in a single heating process.
- This reaction temperature is preferably below the filling temperature, preferably below the melting temperature of the aluminum and particularly preferably below 400 ° C. This reduces the energy requirement and also the production time required.
- the sacrificial body is heated to fill the sacrificial body with aluminum or with an aluminum alloy. Therefore, it makes sense to use for the production of, among other things Kochkorpers TiO 2 and C, as can be formed, inter alia, the reduced titanium oxide TiO x (TiO, i2 ⁇ 3 and / or Ti3Ü5) of TiO 2 and possibly C at heating then.
- a powdery ceramic starting mixture with carbon and TiO 2 as well as with a binder and with a filler is mixed and then pressed.
- a low-temperature treatment under vacuum or protective gas in particular nitrogen or CO 2 , between 350 ° C. and 700 ° C., in particular at 400 ° C., in particular burns out the filler and possibly also the binder under vacuum or protective gas, with a porous and non-sintered pressure-stable as well as ceramic sacrificial body.
- thermogravimetric analysis (TG) is expediently carried out here, which serves to demonstrate that the binder and possibly also the filler have been completely removed.
- One of the advantages of the invention is that in the entire production of a component from such a metal / ceramic composite material, that is to say starting from the production of the sacrificial body through the filling of the sacrificial body with aluminum up to the formation of the composite material by the exchange reaction, no temperature steps over 800 ° C, especially above 700 ° C are required. On the other hand, this happens in a short time, especially the filling by die casting.
- the aluminum is converted to a high-temperature-resistant titanium aluminide. Very cheap raw materials are also used; the material price is currently around 4 DM per kg.
- titanium dioxide and graphite in particular are first mixed with one another in a defined stoichiometric ratio.
- binder preferably polyvinyl alcohol PVA and / or polyethylene glycol PEG
- a water-soluble powder and / or fibrous organic filler preferably a celulose derivative, in particular celulose acetate
- the filler which is preferably added in powder form, has in particular an average grain size between 10 ⁇ m and 100 ⁇ m, preferably 20 ⁇ m.
- the mixture is either dried or moist (residual moisture approx. 10-20% H20) uniaxially pressed at in particular 300 bar.
- the uniaxial pressing process is optionally followed by a further cold isostatic pressing process.
- the sacrificial body which is preferably pressed close to the final shape, is mechanically machined to the final dimension and is used for a Position of the component in the subsequent filling of the sacrificial body with liquid aluminum placed in a die-casting mold.
- the strength, the modulus of elasticity, the porosity and the pore structure of the sacrificial body are important for filling with aluminum using the die casting process.
- These properties can be influenced by the choice of the binder, the fillers, the amount of filler and the pressing pressure.
- the particle sizes of the ceramic powder (TiO 2 etc.) and the fillers are also included.
- the sacrificial body is heated at 700 ° C under nitrogen for 1 hour (holding time at 350 ° C, heating rate 1 K / min), whereby all organic additives burn out without residue.
- the sacrificial body has a compressive strength of 7 MPa and a porosity of 49%.
- the pore diameters have a bimodal distribution in which a maximum is 0.1 ⁇ m and a maximum is 20 ⁇ m.
- Example 2 As in Example 1, except that the amount of celulose acetate is 20% by weight.
- Example 2 As in Example 1, except that 10% by weight of water are added to the mixture of TiO 2 / C / PEG / CA before uniaxial pressing.
- the sacrificial bodies are intended for subsequent pressure filling with aluminum. After filling, they are subjected to a temperature treatment below the melting point of the aluminum, as a result of which a component is made of composite material, which has, in particular, homogeneously distributed TiC, Al2O3 and G A ⁇ Ti.
- tribological systems are particularly suitable for producing friction surfaces, tribological systems or engine components and / or vehicle components and / or brake discs and / or friction surfaces for brake discs.
- tribological systems are preferably to be understood as meaning structural components in jet engines and engines, in particular plain bearings, cutting materials.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19752775 | 1997-11-28 | ||
DE19752775A DE19752775C1 (de) | 1997-11-28 | 1997-11-28 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Opferkörpers aus einem Ausgangsgemenge zur späteren Herstellung eines Bauteils aus einem Al¶2¶0¶3¶/Titanaluminid-Verbundwerkstoff, Ausgangsgemenge für den Opferkörper sowie Opferkörper und Verwendung des Opferkörpers |
PCT/EP1998/007294 WO1999028276A1 (de) | 1997-11-28 | 1998-11-14 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines opferkörpers zur herstellung von alumina/titan-aluminid-verbundkörpern |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1036050A1 true EP1036050A1 (de) | 2000-09-20 |
Family
ID=7850098
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP98964400A Withdrawn EP1036050A1 (de) | 1997-11-28 | 1998-11-14 | Verfahren zur herstellung eines opferkörpers zur herstellung von alumina/titanaluminid-verbundkörpern |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1036050A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2001524607A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20010031873A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1279659A (de) |
BR (1) | BR9815038A (de) |
CZ (1) | CZ20001961A3 (de) |
DE (1) | DE19752775C1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1999028276A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BR112013018055A2 (pt) * | 2011-01-15 | 2019-09-24 | Richard Holloway Scott | cabo de transmissão de energia elétrica compreendendo fio elétrico compósito intermetálico de aluminido de titânio continuamente sintetizado |
CN103831421A (zh) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-06-04 | 铜仁学院 | 一种制备局部增强铝基复合材料的方法 |
CN110893460B (zh) * | 2019-06-05 | 2020-10-02 | 南京工业大学 | 基于钛合金与碳化硼颗粒错配度的增材制造冶金组织调控方法 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3929476A (en) * | 1972-05-05 | 1975-12-30 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Precision molded refractory articles and method of making |
GB8301320D0 (en) * | 1983-01-18 | 1983-02-16 | Ae Plc | Reinforcement of articles of cast metal |
US4988645A (en) * | 1988-12-12 | 1991-01-29 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Cermet materials prepared by combustion synthesis and metal infiltration |
US5536686A (en) * | 1992-10-20 | 1996-07-16 | The Research Foundation Of State University Of New York At Buffalo | Phosphate binders for metal-matrix composites |
JP3618106B2 (ja) * | 1992-12-21 | 2005-02-09 | 独立行政法人科学技術振興機構 | 複合材料とその製造方法 |
DE19605858A1 (de) * | 1996-02-16 | 1997-08-21 | Claussen Nils | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Al¶2¶O¶3¶-Aluminid-Composites, deren Ausführung und Verwendung |
DE19619500A1 (de) * | 1996-05-14 | 1997-11-20 | Claussen Nils | Metall-Keramik-Formkörper und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
DE19710671C2 (de) * | 1997-03-14 | 1999-08-05 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Bauteils sowie Verwendung eines derart hergestellten Bauteils |
-
1997
- 1997-11-28 DE DE19752775A patent/DE19752775C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-11-14 JP JP2000523179A patent/JP2001524607A/ja active Pending
- 1998-11-14 CZ CZ20001961A patent/CZ20001961A3/cs unknown
- 1998-11-14 BR BR9815038-3A patent/BR9815038A/pt unknown
- 1998-11-14 EP EP98964400A patent/EP1036050A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-11-14 KR KR1020007004953A patent/KR20010031873A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-11-14 WO PCT/EP1998/007294 patent/WO1999028276A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-11-14 CN CN98811544A patent/CN1279659A/zh active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9928276A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2001524607A (ja) | 2001-12-04 |
CZ20001961A3 (cs) | 2001-12-12 |
WO1999028276A1 (de) | 1999-06-10 |
KR20010031873A (ko) | 2001-04-16 |
BR9815038A (pt) | 2000-10-03 |
CN1279659A (zh) | 2001-01-10 |
DE19752775C1 (de) | 1999-04-29 |
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