EP1006221A1 - Structures minuscules à fonction optique et tissu avec de telles structures - Google Patents

Structures minuscules à fonction optique et tissu avec de telles structures Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1006221A1
EP1006221A1 EP99124235A EP99124235A EP1006221A1 EP 1006221 A1 EP1006221 A1 EP 1006221A1 EP 99124235 A EP99124235 A EP 99124235A EP 99124235 A EP99124235 A EP 99124235A EP 1006221 A1 EP1006221 A1 EP 1006221A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
minute structure
polymer layer
fibers
layer
fiber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99124235A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Makoto Asano
Toshimasa Kuroda
Susumu Tech. Cent. Tanaka Kininzoku KKK. Shimizu
Akio Isehara Fact.Tanaka Kininzoku KKK. Sakihara
Kinya Kumazawa
Hiroshi Tabata
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo KK
Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Teijin Ltd
Original Assignee
Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo KK
Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Teijin Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo KK, Nissan Motor Co Ltd, Teijin Ltd filed Critical Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo KK
Publication of EP1006221A1 publication Critical patent/EP1006221A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/06—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/12—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyamide as constituent

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an optically functional minute structure which can show a color by reflection and interference of light rays, and more particularly to fibers and chips of the optically functional minute structure, which are usable as the material of woven fabrics and painting to provide them with an optical function.
  • a minute structure having at least one of optical functions including a reflection/interference function to visible light ray, a reflection function to infrared ray and a reflection function to ultraviolet ray.
  • an optically functional minute structure of the present invention comprises a plurality of first and second organic polymer layers which are alternately put on one another in the direction of the thickness.
  • the first layer has a thickness of "da” and an optical refractive index of "na” that is equal to or greater than 1.3 and the second layer has a thickness of "db” and an optical refractive index of "nb” that is 1.01 to 1.40 times as much as the index "na" of the first layer.
  • the peak wavelength " ⁇ 1" of primary reflection is defined to a value that is twice as long as the sum of the optical thickness "na ⁇ da” (that is, na x da) of the first layer and that "nb ⁇ db” of the second layer, and the ratio of the optical thickness "nb ⁇ db” of the second layer to that "na ⁇ da” of the first layer, that is, “nb ⁇ db/na ⁇ da” is defined to a value that ranges between 1/40 and 40, preferably between 1/15 and 15.
  • FIGs. 1A to 3B there are shown sectional views of various optically functional minute structures 1a to 3b according to the present invention.
  • the example 1a of Fig. 1A is an optically functional minute structure, viz., a plastic fiber, which comprises a plurality of first and second organic polymer layers 11 and 12 which are alternately put on one another in the direction of the thickness, that is, in the direction of "Y".
  • the fiber of this example 1a has a generally rectangular cross section, as shown.
  • the first layer 11 has a thickness of "da” and an optical refractive index of "na” that is equal to or greater than 1.3
  • the second layer 12 has a thickness of "nb" and an optical refractive index of "nb” that is 1.01 to 1.40 times as much as the index "na" of the first layer 11.
  • the examples 1b and 1c of Figs. 1B and 1C are plastic fibers which have oval and circular cross sections respectively.
  • the example 1d of Fig. 1D is a plastic fiber which has a circular cross section and comprises a plurality of first and second tubular polymer layers 11 and 12 which are alternately and concentrically put on one another, as shown.
  • Figs. 2A to 2E there are shown examples 2a to 2e, viz., plastic fibers, each having a protecting plastic layer 13 applied to the outermost surface of the fiber.
  • the examples 2a and 2b of Figs. 2A and 2B have a rectangular cross section
  • the examples 2c and 2d of Figs. 2C and 2D have oval and circular cross sections
  • the example 2e of Fig. 2E has a circular cross section and comprises a plurality of first and second tubular layers 11 and 12 alternatively and concentrically put on one another. Due to provision of the protecting plastic layer 13, undesired peeling of the stacked layers 11 and 12 is assuredly suppressed and abrasion resistance and mechanical strength of the fiber are increased.
  • the protecting plastic layer 13 may be the first layer 11, the second layer 12 or a different plastic layer whose material is different from the materials of the first and second layers 11 and 12. Furthermore, if desired, the protecting layer 13 may be a layer produced by combining the materials of the first and second layers 11 and 12.
  • the second plastic layer 12 is used as the protecting layer 13, which has a higher value in the optical refractive index than the first plastic layer 11. Most preferably, for achieving much improved optical function, the protecting layer 13 should be one that has a higher value in the optical refractive index than the second plastic layer 12.
  • the example 3a of Fig. 3A is a plastic fiber which comprises a plurality of first thin plastic layers 11 neatly arranged in both vertical "Y" and horizontal "X" directions, each first thin plastic layer 11 being embedded in an integral structure 12 of second plastic layers.
  • the width "a" of each layer 11 should be longer than the wavelength of the reflected light ray.
  • 3B is a plastic fiber which comprises a complicatedly shaped integral structure 11 of first thin plastic layers, the integral structure being embedded in an integral structure 12 of second plastic layers.
  • the flat ratio viz., the ratio of the width (viz., length in the direction of "X") to the height (viz., length in the direction of "Y") is about 1.5 to 10. If the flat ratio exceeds 15, manufacturing of the plastic fiber becomes very difficult.
  • the number "N" of the alternatively stacked first and second layers 11 and 12 should be larger than 5. If the number “N” is less than 5, a satisfied light reflecting and interfering effect is not obtained even though the optical refractive index ratio "nb/na" between the first and second plastic layers 11 and 12 is within the desired range from 1.01 to 1.40.
  • the number “N” is from 10 to 150, for achieving the satisfied light reflecting and interfering effect. If the number "N” exceeds 150, a spinneret (not shown) for extruding a melt plastic material of the minute structure becomes very complicated in shape and construction, which causes a poor formation of the alternative arrangement of the two plastic layers 11 and 12.
  • a so-called “vertical incidence” of light ray means a light incidence in the direction of "Y", that is, in the direction perpendicular to the horizontal surface of the minute structure.
  • first, second and protecting plastic layers 11, 12 and 13 are constructed of various thermoplastic transparent resins.
  • resins should have a high transparency to visible light ray because the minute structure 1 is designed to show a color based on the reflecting and interfering effect when exposed to the visible light ray whose wavelength ranges from 0.38 ⁇ m to 0.78 ⁇ m.
  • the usable resins are, for example, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyester, polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene (PS), polyamide such as nylon (Ny-6) and nylon-66 (Ny-66), polyvinyl alcohol, polycarbonate (PC), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polyether etherketone (PEEK), polyparaphenylene terephthalic amide, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and the like.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PBT polybutylene terephthalate
  • PEN polyethylene naphthalate
  • PS polyacrylonitrile
  • PS polystyrene
  • PS polyamide such as nylon (Ny-6) and nylon-66 (Ny-66)
  • polyvinyl alcohol polycarbonate
  • PC polymethylmethacrylate
  • PEEK polyether etherketone
  • PPS polypara
  • the optically functional minute structure of the invention can be produced by means of various methods, which are, for example, vacuum deposition method, electron beam deposition method, ion plating method, molecular beam epitaxial growing method, casting method, spin coating method, plasma polymerization method, Langmuir-Blodgett's technique (LB) and the like. Furthermore, for production of fibers of the minute structure, various methods (viz., melting type, wet type and dry type) are usable.
  • a vacuum evaporator equipped with a base plates, two depositing plates and shutters is prepared. Pellet powder for a first polymer and pellet powder for a second polymer are put on the respective depositing plates. The vacuum evaporator is then subjected to an air release to have a vacuum degree of about 10 -5 Torr and the two depositing plates are heated to respective sublimation temperatures of the first and second polymers.
  • the shutters are alternatively opened and closed to form on the base plate a layered structure, viz., an optically functional minute structure of the present invention. Operation of the shutters is so controlled that the produced minute structure shows a satisfied value (for example, 1, 5) of the optical thickness ratio "nb ⁇ db/na ⁇ da".
  • an elongated minute structure that is, an optically functional fiber can be produced.
  • pellets for a first polymer and pellets for a second polymer are heated to be melted and forced to pass through respective nozzles of the spinneret while being controlled in temperature, extrusion speed and fiber forming speed.
  • the control is so made that the produced fiber shows a satisfied value (for example, 1, 5) of the optical thickness ratio "nb ⁇ db/na ⁇ da".
  • the peak wavelength " ⁇ 1" of the primary reflection shows 0.47 ⁇ m (viz., visible light area)
  • blue color is shown by the produced minute structure 1.
  • the peak wavelength " ⁇ 1” shows 0.62 ⁇ m (viz., visible light area)
  • red color is shown by the produced minute structure 1.
  • the infrared spectrum of sunlight ranges from 0.78 ⁇ m to about 5.0 ⁇ m.
  • the peak wavelength " ⁇ 1" of the primary reflection is set in such range, the infrared ray in the sunlight directed to the minute structure 1 is subjected to a reflecting and interfering effect.
  • a fabric woven from such minute structure 1 viz., fibers
  • the peak wavelength " ⁇ 1" is set within such range. In this case, the shut out effect against the infrared ray is much increased.
  • a person wearing such cloth walks in a daylight particularly in summer, he or she can feel cool. Furthermore, if such cloth is used as a curtain in a room, temperature control of the room is easily carried out.
  • a hard work environment such as a place where blast furnace, combustion furnace, boiler or the like is working, workers have to bear a very high temperature (from several hundreds degrees (°C) to about one thousand degrees (°C)).
  • the heat rays from the heat source contain an infrared spectrum ranging from 1.6 ⁇ m to 20.0 ⁇ m in wavelength.
  • the workers wear clothes woven from the optically functional minute fibers which satisfy the peak wavelength " ⁇ 1" being within such range (viz., 1.6 ⁇ m to 20.0 ⁇ m in wavelength), they are assuredly protected from such high heating. That is, the clothes can effectively shut out the infrared ray of such range.
  • the peak wavelength " ⁇ 1" is set in a ultraviolet area ranging from 0.004 ⁇ m to 0.40 ⁇ m in wavelength, articles and goods applied with the minute structures which satisfy such peak wavelength " ⁇ 1" can effectively shut out ultraviolet ray of such range.
  • the multifunctional minute structure can show colors of red and blue and shut out the infrared and ultraviolet rays at the same time.
  • the optically functional minute fibers may be cut into chips for application to span type fabric, paper, painting, cosmetic such as nail polish liquid and the like.
  • Tables 1 to 3 show various articles and goods to which the optically functional minute structure of the present invention are practically applicable.
  • the optical refractive index "na" of the first plastic layer 11 is selected to a value equal to or greater than 1.3 is as follows. That is, in general, the optical refractive index of organic polymer is in an area from 1.3 to 1.82, and that of wide-use organic polymer is in an area from 1.35 to 1.75. That is, the value 1.3 indicates the lowermost value of such area.
  • addition of fluorine to molecules of the polymer is known.
  • the optical refractive index can be lowered. However, in this case, the transparency and moldability of the polymer become sacrificed.
  • Organic polymers that indicate a lower optical refractive index being lower than 1.4 are fluorocarbon resins, such as, tetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), tetrafluoroethylene ⁇ hexafluoropolypropylene (FRP) and the like. While, organic polymers that indicate a higher optical refractive index being higher than 1.6 are polyester resins, such as, polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) and polyphenylene sulfide (PPS).
  • PVDC polyvinylidene chloride
  • PEN polyethylene naphthalate
  • PPS polyphenylene sulfide
  • the ratio of the optical refractive index "nb" of the second plastic layer 12 to that "na" of the first plastic layer 11, that is, "nb/na” is determined to the range from 1.01 to 1.40 is as follows. First, if the ratio "nb/na” is smaller than 1.01, the energy reflectance differential " ⁇ R" defined by the energy reflection peak and the background becomes very small causing a failure in showing clear color. Second, if the ratio "nb/na" becomes smaller than 1.01, that is, close to 1.0, undesired phenomenon tends to occur. In fact, the optical refractive index possessed by each polymer is easily affected by surrounding temperature and wavelength of light ray applied to the polymer.
  • optical refractive index ratio "nb/na" is determined to a value equal to or smaller than 1.4.
  • the optical refractive index of organic polymers can be calculated from “Lorentz-Lorentz Equation”. From this equation, it is revealed that organic polymers can have about 1.9 as the highest optical refractive index and about 1.35 as the lowest optical reflective index.
  • the optical refractive index ratio "nb/na" becomes about 1.40 that shows the largest value of the allowable range.
  • ⁇ 1 is set to 0.47 ⁇ m and selection of two plastic layers 11 and 12 and selection of thickness of these layers 11 and 12 are made in a manner to satisfy the formula (1).
  • the formula (1) has an area that is not practical due to a remarkable change of the energy reflectance at the peak wavelength ( ⁇ 1) of the primary reflection. This will become understood from the following.
  • Figs. 4A to 4M, 5A to 5H, 6A to 6F, 7A to 7D, 8A to 8C, and 9A and 9B are graphs each showing a calculated energy reflectance with respect to the wavelength ( ⁇ m) of a light ray directed to first, second, third, fourth, fifth or sixth type minute structure.
  • each minute structure had such a structure 2a as shown in Fig. 2A.
  • the optical refractive index "na” of the first plastic layer 11 was 1.53, and that of the protecting plastic layer 13 was also 1.53.
  • the thickness of the protecting layer 13 was 5 ⁇ m.
  • the number "N” of the stacked layers of the minute structure was 61, and the peak wavelength " ⁇ 1" of primary reflection was set to 0.47 ⁇ m.
  • the graphs of Figs. 4A to 4M show the results of the first type minute structures whose refractive index ratio "nb/na” is all 1.4 but whose optical thickness ratio "nbdb/nada” varies from 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100 respectively.
  • the graphs of Figs. 5A to 5H show the results of the second type minute structures whose refractive index ratio "nb/na” is all 1.2 and whose optical thickness ratio "nbdb/nada” varies from 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40 and 50 respectively.
  • the graphs of Figs. 6A to 6F show the results of the third type minute structures whose refractive index ratio "nb/na” is all 1.1 and whose optical thickness ratio "nbdb/nada” varies from 1, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 respectively.
  • the graphs of Figs. 7A to 7D show the results of the fourth type minute structures whose refractive index ratio "nb/na” is all 1.07 and whose optical thickness ratio "nbdb/nada” varies from 1, 5, 10 and 15 respectively.
  • the graphs of Figs. 8A to 8C show the results of the fifth type minute structures whose refractive index ratio "nb/na” is all 1.03 and whose optical thickness ratio "nbdb/nada” varies from 1, 5 and 10 respectively.
  • the graphs of Figs. 9A and 9B show the results of the sixth type minute structures whose refractive index ratio "nb/na” is all 1.01 and whose optical thickness ratio "nbdb/nada” varies from 1 to 5 respectively.
  • Fig. 10 is a graph showing the relation between the optical thickness ratio of the minute structure and the energy reflectance of the same, which is provided based on the results of the calculations of Figs. 4A to 9B.
  • the curves of the refractive index ratio "nb/na” have each a symmetrical shape with respect to a vertical line passing through the optical thickness ratio "nbdb/nada” of 1. This means that an equal energy reflectance is obtained when the ratio "nbdb/nada" shows 40 and 1/40.
  • the corresponding minute structure can obtain a sufficient energy reflectance of 0.4 even though the optical thickness ratio "nbdb/nada" (viz., 40 and 1/40) is largely different from the value of 1.
  • the refractive index ratio "nb/na” being 1.2
  • a sufficient energy reflectance of 0.4 is obtained only from a minute structure whose optical thickness ratio "nbdb/nada” is in the range from 1/15 to 15.
  • the thickness of the first plastic layer (viz., the polymer having a lower refractive index) reduces exponentially with increase of the optical thickness ratio "nbdb/nada", and that when the optical thickness ratio "nbdb/nada" is 40, the thickness of the first plastic layer is 0.004 ⁇ m.
  • formation of such thin layer is quite difficult.
  • the thickness of the first plastic layer should be at least 0.004 ⁇ m.
  • the formula " 1/40 ⁇ nbdb/nada ⁇ 40" is needed.
  • the graph of Fig. 4D shows about 0.9 of the energy reflectance.
  • the thickness of the first polymer layer viz., the polymer having a lower refractive index
  • the thickness of this level is easily controllable by known melt spinning methods. It has been revealed that the thickness of such level provides the polymer layer with a practical reflection and interference effect.
  • the polymer fiber 2a of Fig. 2A can exhibit excellent wear and abrasion resistance and excellent energy reflectance.
  • the polymer fiber 2a comprises the alternately put first and second polymer layers 11 and 12 and the protecting layer 13 which covers the unit of the layers 11 and 12.
  • the thickness of the protecting layer 13 varies under a condition wherein the peak wavelength ( ⁇ 1) of the primary reflection is 0.47 ⁇ m, the refractive index ratio "nb/na” is 1.07 and the number “N” of the stacked layers is 61.
  • the thickness of the protecting layer 13 does substantially no affect on the difference of the energy reflectance.
  • the thickness of the protecting layer 13 does affect the difference.
  • the thickness of the protecting layer 13 is in the range from 0.5 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, satisfied energy reflectance is obtained.
  • the thickness of the projecting layer 13 is in the range from 3 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
  • the optically functional minute structure 1 of the present invention is applicable to woven fabrics as a fiber structure.
  • the woven fabrics exhibit at least one of optical functions, such as the reflection and interference function of visible light ray, the reflection function of infrared ray or the reflection function of ultraviolet ray.
  • Fig. 13 is a graph showing the reflectance spectrum of an interference coloring fiber of 8 denier, whose first and second polymer layers are respectively made of polyester and polyamide and whose protecting layer is made of polyester.
  • the number "N" of the stacked layers is 61.
  • the interference coloring fiber has colors varying with a change in the view angle, and shows colors due to the interference of light ray.
  • the colors shown by the interference coloring fiber are clear and allow the viewers to recognize the colors as a so-called view point less fluorescent colors.
  • an interference coloring fiber which comprises an outermost layer that has a reflection and interference function and an inner layer that absorbs light ray whose wavelength is other than a predetermined reflection and interference wavelength
  • the coloring provided by the reflection and interference wavelength becomes much clear. That is, by combining the interference coloring fiber with natural fiber (wool, hemp, cotton, silk, etc.,), regenerated fiber or synthetic fiber, there are produced various woven fabrics with different color feel and different visibility.
  • Fig. 14 is a graph showing the reflectance spectrum of two plain woven fabrics each being made by combining an interference coloring fiber and a conventional colored fiber, one fabric having a colored fiber whose luminosity is 3 in Munsell color standard and the other fabric having a colored fiber whose luminosity is 8.7 in Munsell color standard.
  • the colored fiber has the luminosity lower than 8.7
  • the associated woven fabric can provide a viewer with a clear color recognition. It has been revealed that with lowering of the luminosity around the interference coloring fiber, the color feeling becomes much clear.
  • the minute structure 1 according to the present invention has the above-mentioned excellent optical functions as well as excellent wear and abrasion resistance.
  • the fiber structure 1 can be practically applied to blouses, shirts, suits, one-piece dresses, sports clothing, under wears, hats, curtains, laces and automotive covers, and chips provided by cutting the fiber structure 1 into small pieces can be applied to painting, building materials, and cosmetics.
  • Two optically functional minute structures 2a of the type shown in Fig. 2A were produced.
  • the following steps were carried out.
  • the refractive index ratio "nb/na" was 1.06.
  • Usage of the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) copolymerized with neopentylglycol as the second polymer layer 12 was intended to improve the compatibility with the polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) of the first polymer layer 11, that is, to put the compatibility (viz., surface energy) of the copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate layer 12 and that of the polymethylmethacrylate layer 11 close to each other.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PMMA polymethylmethacrylate
  • first and second interference coloring fibers were designed, each having the number "N" being 61.
  • the first fiber was designed to have the optical thickness ratio "nbdb/nada” being 1
  • the second fiber was designed to have the optical thickness ratio "nbdb/nada” being 5.
  • Each of the first and second fibers was designed to be covered with a protecting layer 13 of copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate.
  • Two optically functional minute structures 2a of the type shown in Fig. 2A were produced.
  • the following steps were carried out.
  • the refractive index ratio "nb/na" was 1.07.
  • third and fourth interference coloring fibers were designed, each having the number "N” being 61.
  • the third fiber was designed to have the optical thickness ratio "nbdb/nada” being 1
  • the fourth fiber was designed to have the optical thickness ratio "nbdb/nada” being 5.
  • Each of the third and fourth fibers was designed to be covered with a protecting layer 13 of copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate.
  • the spinning was carried out under the conditions of 290 °C of the spinneret and 1000m/min. of the spinning speed.
  • two types of non-elongated fibers were produced. These fibers were then applied to the roller type drawer to be elongated by three times. With this, two elongated fibers having the thickness of about 100 denier/11 filament were produced, which are third and fourth embodiments of the invention.
  • An optically functional minute structure 2a of the type shown in Fig. 2A was produced.
  • the following steps were carried out.
  • the refractive index ratio "nb/na" was 1.03.
  • Usage of the copolymerized PET as the material of the second polymer layers 12 was intended to improve the compatibility with the Nylon-6 of the first polymer layers 11.
  • the copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate was prepared by taking the following steps.
  • a plurality of samples were prepared. Each of them was produced as follows.
  • a fifth interference coloring fiber was designed, which has the number "N” being 61.
  • the fifth fiber was designed to have the optical thickness ratio "nbdb/nada” being 1.
  • the fifth fiber was designed to be covered with a protecting layer 13 of copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate.
  • the spinning was carried out under the conditions of 290°C of the spinneret and 1000m/min. of the spinning speed.
  • a non-elongated fiber was produced and then the fiber was applied to the roller type drawer to be elongated by three times.
  • an elongated fiber having the thickness of about 100 denier/11 filament was produced, which is a fifth embodiment of the invention.
  • the fifth embodiment was applied to the above-mentioned evaluation tests. The results of these tests are shown in TABLE-4. As is seen from this table, in this fifth embodiment, the relative reflectance showed a value about 100% and the fiber showed a purplish blue.
  • Two optically functional minute structures 2a of the type shown in Fig. 2A were produced.
  • the refractive index ratio "nb/na" was 1.07.
  • Usage of the copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate as the material of the second polymer layers 12 was intended to improve the compatibility with the Nylon-6 of the first polymer layers 11.
  • sixth and seventh interference coloring fibers were designed, each having the number "N" being 61.
  • the sixth fiber was designed to have the optical thickness ratio "nbdb/nada” being 1
  • the seventh fiber was designed to have the optical thickness ratio "nbdb/nada” being 5.
  • Each of the sixth and seventh fibers was designed to be covered with a protecting layer 13 of copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate.
  • the spinning was carried out under the conditions of 287°C of the spinneret and 1000m/min. of the spinning speed.
  • two types of non-elongated fibers were produced. These fibers were then applied to the roller type drawer to be elongated by three times. With this, two elongated fibers having the thickness of about 100 denier/11 filament were produced, which are sixth and seventh embodiments of the invention.
  • the spinning was carried out under the conditions of 350°C of the spinneret and 1000m/min. of the spinning speed.
  • four types of non-elongated fibers were produced, and these fibers were applied to the roller type drawer to be elongated by three times.
  • four elongated fibers having the thickness of about 100 denier/11 filament were produced, which are eighth, ninth, tenth and eleventh embodiments of the present invention.
  • a plain satin fabric was produced.
  • wefts and warps were prepared.
  • blackish colored fibers whose thickness is 66 to 132 denier and whose luminosity is 1 to 3 in Munsell color standard, were used.
  • the following steps were carried out. That is, a plurality of interference coloring fibers were produced, each using as the first polymer layers 11 polyamide resin, as the second polymer layers 12 polyester resin and as the protecting layer 13 polyester resin.
  • Each fiber was designed to have the reflection peak wavelength " ⁇ 1" being 0.47 ⁇ m, the refractive index ratio "nb/na” being 1.07 and the optical thickness ratio "nbdb/nada” being 1.
  • each weft 11 (eleven) fibers were bound, each having the thickness of 6 to 12 denier. With this, each weft had the thickness of 66 to 132 denier. By weaving the wefts and warps together to produce the plain satin fabric.
  • the plain satin fabric thus produced which is the twelfth embodiment of the invention, was applied to the spectral reflectance test under the condition of an incident angle of 0° and a receiving angle of 0°.
  • a conventional blue colored plain satin fabric made of thin fibers of polyester (hue: 2.5PB to 3.5PB, luminosity: 5 to 6, colorfulness: 9) was also applied to such test.
  • the plain satin fabric according to the invention showed a very high relative reflectance as compared with the conventional blue satin fabric.
  • the plain satin fabric showed a very high metallic polish and a clear and deeper color feel.
  • the feel of material of the plain satin fabric was largely changed in accordance with the weaving type and the property (viz., hue, luminosity and colorfulness) of the conventional plain satin fabric that constituted the warps.
  • a plain woven fabric similar to the above-mentioned twelfth embodiment was produced. That is, in this thirteenth embodiment, as the wefts, the same interference coloring fibers as those of the twelfth embodiment were used. However, in this thirteenth embodiment, the warps were made of somewhat darkened conventional fibers (hue: 5Y to 5GY, luminosity: about 8.75, colorfulness: about 0.5). By weaving the wefts and warps together, the plain woven fabric was produced.
  • the plain woven fabric thus produced which is the thirteenth embodiment of the invention, was applied to the above-mentioned spectral reflectance test.
  • the results of this test is shown in the graph of Fig. 16.
  • the fabric of the thirteenth embodiment showed the relative reflectance being higher than that of the conventional blue satin fabric. In fact, the fabric had an improved polish feel.
  • the darkness feel was canceled, and due to presence of rough surface of the fabric against which visible light rays strike in different directions, the feel of material of the fabric was improved.
  • Two plain woven fabrics similar to the above-mentioned twelfth embodiment were produced, which are fourteenth and fifteenth embodiments of the invention.
  • the wefts the same interference coloring fibers as those of the twelfth embodiment were used.
  • the warps were made of white conventional fibers (luminosity: 9).
  • the warps were made of the interference coloring fibers.
  • the same interference coloring fibers as those of the twelfth embodiment were twisted into threads and the threads were woven into a pattern of a woven fabric. With this, there was produced on the woven fabric a raised portion where the threads are exposed. For comparison, conventional threads were woven into a pattern of another woven fabric. Visual observation test showed that the raised portion issued a metallic polish and a clear and deeper color feel.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
EP99124235A 1998-12-04 1999-12-03 Structures minuscules à fonction optique et tissu avec de telles structures Withdrawn EP1006221A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP10345343A JP2000170028A (ja) 1998-12-04 1998-12-04 光学機能構造体および織編物
JP34534398 1998-12-04

Publications (1)

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EP1006221A1 true EP1006221A1 (fr) 2000-06-07

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WO2003085177A1 (fr) * 2002-04-05 2003-10-16 Teijin Fibers Limited Objet d'authentification et technique afferente, systeme d'authentification et methode relative a un service d'authentification
WO2008027804A1 (fr) * 2006-08-30 2008-03-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Fibres polarisantes multicouches et polariseurs les utilisant
EP2257662A2 (fr) * 2008-03-05 2010-12-08 3M Innovative Properties Company Fibres de polymères multicouches capables de variations chromatiques et articles de sécurité contenant ces fibres de polymères
CN101187091B (zh) * 2007-12-18 2011-04-06 德阳科吉高新材料有限责任公司 共聚聚苯硫醚复合纤维的制造方法
WO2011012904A3 (fr) * 2009-07-31 2012-03-08 Photonic Designs Limited Fibre réfléchissante solaire
CN112088088A (zh) * 2019-04-16 2020-12-15 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 交通工具-复合玻璃中的纺织部件

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JP2005264123A (ja) * 2004-03-22 2005-09-29 Toyota Motor Corp 回折格子顔料及びその製造方法、塗料、並びに樹脂組成物
JP2005314394A (ja) * 2004-03-30 2005-11-10 Kose Corp クレンジング料
JP4595444B2 (ja) * 2004-08-25 2010-12-08 凸版印刷株式会社 偽造防止用紙およびこれを用いた偽造防止媒体
JP4801508B2 (ja) * 2006-06-01 2011-10-26 Ｓｒｉスポーツ株式会社 ゴルフボールのマーク形成用インキ組成物、ゴルフボール、および、ゴルフボールの製造方法

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WO1998050609A1 (fr) * 1997-05-02 1998-11-12 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Fibres a fonction optique
WO1999018268A1 (fr) * 1997-10-02 1999-04-15 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Structure en fibre, et textile utilisant cette structure
EP0926272A2 (fr) * 1997-12-25 1999-06-30 Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo K.K. Fibres courtes composites développant de couleur et structures développant de couleur les utilisant

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JPH0734324A (ja) * 1993-07-16 1995-02-03 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 反射、干渉作用を有する発色構造体
US5472798A (en) * 1993-07-16 1995-12-05 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Coloring structure having reflecting and interfering functions
WO1997021855A1 (fr) * 1995-12-08 1997-06-19 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Structures minuscules servant a produire des couleurs et filieres servant a fabriquer lesdites structures
WO1998046815A1 (fr) * 1997-04-11 1998-10-22 Teijin Limited Fibre a fonction d'interference optique et utilisation
EP0921217A1 (fr) * 1997-04-11 1999-06-09 Teijin Limited Fibre a fonction d'interference optique et utilisation
EP0877103A2 (fr) * 1997-04-28 1998-11-11 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Structure de fibres, tussus les utilisant, et produits textiles
WO1998050609A1 (fr) * 1997-05-02 1998-11-12 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Fibres a fonction optique
WO1999018268A1 (fr) * 1997-10-02 1999-04-15 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Structure en fibre, et textile utilisant cette structure
EP0926272A2 (fr) * 1997-12-25 1999-06-30 Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo K.K. Fibres courtes composites développant de couleur et structures développant de couleur les utilisant

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003085177A1 (fr) * 2002-04-05 2003-10-16 Teijin Fibers Limited Objet d'authentification et technique afferente, systeme d'authentification et methode relative a un service d'authentification
WO2008027804A1 (fr) * 2006-08-30 2008-03-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Fibres polarisantes multicouches et polariseurs les utilisant
US7773834B2 (en) 2006-08-30 2010-08-10 3M Innovative Properties Company Multilayer polarizing fibers and polarizers using same
CN101187091B (zh) * 2007-12-18 2011-04-06 德阳科吉高新材料有限责任公司 共聚聚苯硫醚复合纤维的制造方法
EP2257662A2 (fr) * 2008-03-05 2010-12-08 3M Innovative Properties Company Fibres de polymères multicouches capables de variations chromatiques et articles de sécurité contenant ces fibres de polymères
EP2257662A4 (fr) * 2008-03-05 2013-08-21 3M Innovative Properties Co Fibres de polymères multicouches capables de variations chromatiques et articles de sécurité contenant ces fibres de polymères
WO2011012904A3 (fr) * 2009-07-31 2012-03-08 Photonic Designs Limited Fibre réfléchissante solaire
GB2485118A (en) * 2009-07-31 2012-05-02 Photonic Designs Ltd Solar reflective fibre
CN112088088A (zh) * 2019-04-16 2020-12-15 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 交通工具-复合玻璃中的纺织部件

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