EP1006050B1 - Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Befestigen eines Verschlusses an einem Behälter - Google Patents
Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Befestigen eines Verschlusses an einem Behälter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1006050B1 EP1006050B1 EP99810991A EP99810991A EP1006050B1 EP 1006050 B1 EP1006050 B1 EP 1006050B1 EP 99810991 A EP99810991 A EP 99810991A EP 99810991 A EP99810991 A EP 99810991A EP 1006050 B1 EP1006050 B1 EP 1006050B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cap
- container
- holding mechanism
- clamping
- closure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims 20
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010053648 Vascular occlusion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000606 toothpaste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940034610 toothpaste Drugs 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B7/00—Closing containers or receptacles after filling
- B65B7/16—Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes or cartons
- B65B7/28—Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes or cartons by applying separate preformed closures, e.g. lids, covers
- B65B7/2835—Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes or cartons by applying separate preformed closures, e.g. lids, covers applying and rotating preformed threaded caps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B7/00—Closing containers or receptacles after filling
- B65B7/14—Closing collapsible or resilient tubes, e.g. for tooth paste, for lighter fuel
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for fixing a Closure on a container, with the container and the closure with for the purpose the attachment cooperating engagement means are provided.
- it concerns the invention the attachment of a rotary closure.
- FIG. 1 Known devices for fastening a screw cap to a container, for example, a tube are formed as shown in Figure 1.
- This is a tube 1 of acting as a positioning means 3 mandrel in a specific starting position positioned and in this initial position in a rotational movement about its own Offset longitudinal axis.
- a rotary closure 2 for the tube 1 is by a holding forceps 4 in held a tube 1 exactly positioned initial position. In this starting position are the two screw thread to be screwed together the tube 1 and the Twist lock 2 exactly aligned opposite.
- the holding forceps 4 is from the Starting position along the alignment axis A of the two screw thread on the tube 1 to can be moved straight by means of a corresponding drive device.
- EP 0 205 803 A1 describes a device in which to avoid too high Tightening moments in a holding device forming the screw head a rotary drive of the gentkopfs and a Drehver gleich immediately holding Haltüttel on a compliant torsion coupling are interconnected.
- the torsion clutch takes the Rotation energy of the further formed by the container and the rotary closure Mass on and thus ensures a so-called soft screwdriving case Screw on the screw cap.
- the risk of damage to the surface of the Rotary fasteners are reduced, but not completely eliminated. Also a requirement after a rotationally accurate position of the rotary closure relative to the tube can cause problems pose.
- the invention has set itself the task of a closure to a container so ensure that the fastener is not damaged during attachment.
- the invention relates to a container, such as a tube, can, bottle or Like, and a closure thereof, for the purpose of attachment or Attaching the closure to the container with cooperating engagement means are provided.
- the closure is a screw cap and at the engagement means by screw thread or engagement means of a Bayonet catch.
- the invention can also be applied to others Use closures and engaging means where the closure is for example simply pushed onto the container and the positive and preferably non-positive Connection is made by simple wedging or locking; with the latter would be if necessary, the container and the closure in the end position of the closure only positively connected with each other, it would be a combined form and However, traction exist until the actual locking.
- the container and the closure are first in one Starting position positioned to each other. From the starting position then finds a by the cooperating engagement means predetermined relative movement between the Container and the closure instead, at the end of the closure positive and non-positive is connected to the container or attached to the container.
- a suitable holding means for positioning is the Closure held by a suitable holding means by means of clamping grip. That the Positioning of the shutter serving holding means will accordingly in the following referred to as terminal holding means.
- the positioned closure i. in a defined Initial position to the container held by the terminal holding means closure, from a taken over non-clamping holding means and after the acquisition of the clamping grip of the Klemmhalteffens solved. Since the acquisition in a defined position of the shutter takes place, the taking over holding means, preferably the closure to the Completion of the fastening stops being formed by a non-clamping retaining means. As a result, the risk of damage to a coated surface of the Closure at the end of the attachment process because of the applied Effectively prevents tightening torque; In practice, damage is avoided as a Handle of the lock is done non-clamping at this critical moment.
- a device which in particular for carrying out the above-described Method has a positioning means for the container and a holding and Positioning device for the closure, which comprises the clamping holding means, the Closure in the defined initial position to the container holds clamped.
- the holding and positioning device in addition to the Clamp holding means the non-clamping holding means attached to the positioned closure, i.e. is attached to the still held by the terminal holding means closure.
- the non-clamping retaining means is together with the closure according to the invention relative to the clamping holding means movable.
- the clamping grip with which the clamp holding means the closure until the safe takeover by the non-clamping holding means in the Home position is held, is solved.
- the non-clamping holding means has a directly on the closure secured against rotation and displacement secured contact piece and a connector on the in turn attached to a platform which is preferably opposite a frame of Device is arranged movable.
- the platform can through the frame to be self-educated.
- the container would be from the. Starting position on the shutter to move.
- the contact piece of the non-clamping holding means is articulated, preferably by means of a pivot bearing, connected to the connector, and it prevents a coupling, preferably a friction clutch, with a the Tightening torque or the tightening force corresponding friction force against the contact piece is pressed, a movement of the joint and thus a relative movement between the contact piece and the connecting piece.
- the friction clutch triggers the rigid connection between the contact piece and the connector or the Platform, whereby a further relative movement between the container and the Closure is prevented. Simultaneously with the dissolution of the rigid connection between the contact piece and the connector or the platform is preferably also solved the attachment of the contact piece on the closure.
- the non-clamping retaining means can be connected purely positively with the closure be, but this requires a corresponding preparation of the closure. All In principle, for example, metallic fasteners could also be a holding magnet Find use.
- the non-clamping retaining means is a Suction holding means with a suction nozzle, which is attached directly to the closure and is attached by suction.
- the non-clamping holding means When forming the non-clamping holding means as a suction stop means is not only a achieved damage-free attachment. Since the Suction agent is particularly easy on one rear end face of the closure can be attached, is also the use regardless of the shape and surface design of the outer surface of the Closure possible. Since the terminal holding means the closure only in the Starting position is an adaptation to different shell shapes of the Closure also possible in a simple manner.
- An angle of rotation exact attachment with simultaneous exact adjustment of a desired Tightening torque or a desired tightening force also basically favored the use of a non-clamping holding means.
- the non-clamping holding means as a suction stop means this can by when reaching the desired tightening torque or the desired tightening force quasi releasable detachable attachment of such a Suction holding means can be achieved.
- the container is a tube, can, bottle, glass or the like preferably from the field of nutrition, hygiene, cosmetics or medicine.
- Container, for the closure of which the invention is preferably used for example, tubes for pastes such as toothpaste, ointments and paste-form foods, bottles for drinks, Jars for jams or even perfumery bottles.
- Figure 1 shows a device known from the prior art, as in the introduction has already been described.
- FIG. 2 shows a container 1 and a closure 2 to be fastened to the container 1 in a defined starting position.
- the container 2 is through a tube and the Closure is formed by a screw cap.
- In the defined starting position takes the shutter 2 relative to the container 1 a position in which each as Screw thread formed engaging means of the container 1 and the closure of the second are aligned with each other, so that the shutter 2 only on the Container 1 is moved to along the escape A.
- the shutter 2 is held in the initial position by a clamp holding means 4.
- the Holder is effected by means of a force acting on a lateral surface of the closure 2 Clamp handle.
- the clamp holding means 4 will be referred to as closing pliers hereinafter.
- suction holding means 5 Since the suction holding means 5 is attached to the shutter 2 while the shutter 2 is still held by the pliers 4 in position, is also the position of the Closure 2 relative to the suction stop means 5 well defined, and it can now handover of the closure 2 of the closing tongs 4 to the suction holding means 5 are completed.
- the suction holding means 5 has a suction nozzle 6, which as a direct contact piece to serving the closure 2 attached to the end face of the closure 2, such that a Through-channel through the suction nozzle 6 in the attached state on the end face of the Closure 2 opens.
- the passageway is to the shutter 2 out to the Mouth opening sealed around.
- rear end of the suction nozzle 6 is surrounded by a connecting piece 7.
- the Connector 7 has a sleeve body, which has a rear sleeve portion of the Suction nozzle 6 concentrically surrounds.
- the suction nozzle 6 is in the sleeve body of the Joint 7 mounted by means of a radial bearing 8.
- the axis of rotation of the radial bearing 8 coincides in the initial position with the alignment axis A.
- the connection between the suction nozzle 6 and the connecting piece 7 is airtight.
- one of the suction port 6 and the Connector 7 enclosed cavity an outlet 10 to a vacuum source and a closed by a valve air inlet 11 preferably to a compressed air source on.
- a negative pressure to be generated for releasing the suction connection can be abruptly repealed by re-printing the cavity; to Particularly safe solution of the compound can also be the production of an overpressure in be provided the cavity.
- the suction holding means 5 After the suction holding means 5 is securely attached to the shutter 2, the Clamping handle of the closing tongs 4 solved. For this purpose, the jaws of Clamping pliers 4 are moved away from the closure 2 in the radial direction. After the Closure 2 is free of the clamping forceps 4, the suction holding means 5 of a Drive device 13 along the alignment axis A to the container 1 to be straight.
- the drive device 13 is formed by a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder, with one end to a frame 14 of the device and with its other end with a mounted on the frame 14 is pivotally mounted on the platform 12 hinged. in principle Suction holding means 5 could also be fixedly mounted on the frame 14 and instead, the container 1 are moved accordingly.
- Saughaltesch 5 rotatably drive and the container 1 for generating the for Screwing required relative movement to arrange against rotation. It is preferred However, the rotationally driven arrangement of the container 1 in conjunction with the non-rotating, displaceable arrangement of the suction holding means. 5
- a positioner 3 is provided for the container 1, the Container 2 positioned in the illustrated, predetermined orientation and in this position rotates about its longitudinal axis.
- the positioning means 3 is replaced by a formed rotationally driven mandrel on which the hollow cylindrical body of the container. 1 is plugged.
- the device of Figure 2 corresponds to known devices, for example, that of Figure 1.
- the relative movement between the container. 1 and the shutter 2 for the purpose of attaching the shutter 2 is the same as in such known devices.
- the container 1 order its longitudinal axis rotates while the closure 2 along the longitudinal axis of Bolt straight, slidably mounted, so that the two Screw thread after making a first engagement over each other and at the end of screwing be tightened against each other, so that the positive and cohesive Connection of the container 1 and the closure 2 is made.
- Friction clutch 9 is connected to the platform 12 by means of the connecting piece. 7 secured against rotation and frictionally connected to the suction nozzle 6.
- the friction clutch 6 can its Mode of action also be referred to as a friction brake. She is in Embodiment designed as a drum brake.
- the final rotational position of the screwed closure 2 is through the threaded end of the Container 1 or the striking of the closure 2 predetermined at a container shoulder.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sealing Of Jars (AREA)
- Closing Of Containers (AREA)
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
Description
- Figur 1
- eine Vorrichtung zum Befestigen eines Verschlusses an einem Behälter aus dem Stand der Technik,
- Figur 2
- eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung mit einem Saughaltemittel und
- Figur 3
- die Vorrichtung nach Figur 2, jedoch zusätzlich mit einer Reibkupplung.
Claims (8)
- Vorrichtung zum Befestigen eines Verschlusses an einem Behälter, wobei der Behälter (1) und der Verschluss (2) mit zum Zwecke der Befestigung zusammenwirkenden Eingriffsmitteln versehen sind, die Vorrichtung umfassenda) ein Positioniermittel (3) für den Behälter (1),b) eine Halte- und Positioniereinrichtung (4, 5), die den Verschluss (2) hält und in einer Ausgangsstellung zu dem Behälter (1) positioniert, wobeic) die Halte- und Positioniereinrichtung (4, 5) ein nichtklemmendes Haltemittel (5), das an dem positionierten Verschluss (2) befestigt wird, undd) ein Haltemittel (4) umfasst, wobeie) das nichtklemmende Haltemittel (5) relativ zu dem Haltemittel (4) bewegbar ist undf) das Positioniermittel (3) und das nichtklemmende Haltemittel (5) den Behälter (1) und den Verschluss (2) miteinander in Eingriff bringen und durch zwangsweise Relativbewegung form- und vorzugsweise auch kraftschlüssig miteinander verbinden,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dassg) das Haltemittel (4) der Halte- und Positioniereinrichtung (4, 5) ein Klemmhaltemittel (4) ist, das den Verschluss (2) klemmend in der Ausgangsstellung zu dem Behälter (1) hält,h) das nichtklemmende Haltemittel (5) ein unmittelbar an dem Verschluß verdreh- und verschiebegesichert befestigtes Kontaktstück (6) und ein Verbindungsstück (7) umfaßt, die mittels einer Gelenkverbindung (8) miteinander verbunden sind, undi) das eine Reibkupplung (9) kraftschlüssig mit dem Kontaktstück (6) verbunden ist und eine Bewegung der Gelenkverbindung (8) verhindert, solange eine bestimmte Reibkraft zwischen dem Kontaktstück (6) und der Reibkupplung (9) nicht überschritten wird. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Klemmhaltemittel (4). seinen Klemmgriff des Verschlusses (2) löst, wenn das nichtklemmende Haltemittel (5) an dem Verschluss (2) befestigt ist und dass das nichtklemmende Haltemittel (5) den Verschluss (2) bei der Relativbewegung zur Herstellung der form- und vorzugsweise auch kraftschlüssigen Verbindung mit dem Behälter (1) hält.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gelenkverbindung (8) nur solch eine Relativbewegung zwischen dem Kontaktstück (6) und dem Verbindungsstück (7) zulässt, die der Relativbewegung des Behältnisses (1) und des eingreifenden Verschlusses (2) entgegengesetzt ist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gelenkverbindung (8) ein Drehlager ist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das nichtklemmende Haltemittel (5) ein Saughaltemittel ist.
- Vorrichtung nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Saughaltemittel (5) mit einem als Saugstutzen ausgebildeten Kontaktstück (6) an den von dem Klemmhaltemittel (4) positionierten Verschluss (2) angesetzt und daran durch Ansaugen befestigt wird.
- Verfahren zum Befestigen eines Verschlusses an einem Behälter, die mit zum Zwecke der Befestigung zusammenwirkenden Eingriffsmitteln versehen sind, bei dema) der Behälter (1) und der Verschluss (2) in einer Ausgangsstellung zueinander positioniert undb) anschließenddurch eine Relativbewegung form- und kraftschlüssig miteinander verbunden werden, wobeic) der positionierte Verschluss (2) von einem nichtklemmenden Haltemittel (5) übernommen wird
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dassd) der Verschluss (2) bei dem Positionierten mittels Klemmgriff gehalten unde) der Klemmgriff des Verschlusses (2) vor dem form- und vorzugsweise auch kraftschlüssigen Verbinden gelöst wird, wobeif) eine weitere Relativbewegung zwischen dem Behälter (1) und dem Verschluss (2) durch eine Kupplung (9) verhindert wird, sobald ein gewünschtes Anziehmoment erreicht wird. - Verfahren nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Behälter (1) und der Verschluss (2) miteinander verschraubt werden.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19854709A DE19854709B4 (de) | 1998-11-26 | 1998-11-26 | Befestigung eines Verschlusses an einem Behälter |
| DE19854709 | 1998-11-26 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1006050A1 EP1006050A1 (de) | 2000-06-07 |
| EP1006050B1 true EP1006050B1 (de) | 2005-05-18 |
Family
ID=7889186
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99810991A Expired - Lifetime EP1006050B1 (de) | 1998-11-26 | 1999-11-01 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Befestigen eines Verschlusses an einem Behälter |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6510675B1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1006050B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP3770761B2 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE295803T1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19854709B4 (de) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005010786B4 (de) * | 2005-03-01 | 2007-02-22 | Optima Packaging Group Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verschließen von Behältern durch Schraubverschlüsse |
| USD530203S1 (en) | 2005-05-13 | 2006-10-17 | Webb Business Promotions, Incorporated | Bottle cap |
| US8046898B2 (en) * | 2005-10-18 | 2011-11-01 | The Boeing Company | Fastener clearing systems and methods |
| SE529720C2 (sv) * | 2006-03-10 | 2007-11-06 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance | Metod att tillverka en förpackning |
| US20080236110A1 (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2008-10-02 | Sassouni K Jacques | Method for manufacturing flexible tube containers |
| DE102007027794A1 (de) * | 2007-06-16 | 2008-12-18 | Iwk Verpackungstechnik Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Überprüfung einer Verschlusskappe einer Tube |
| US8805575B1 (en) * | 2011-07-11 | 2014-08-12 | The Boeing Company | Methods and apparatus for delivering fasteners |
| DE202016008905U1 (de) * | 2015-01-23 | 2020-08-14 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | Schraubverschluss und Verpackungsbehälter für Lebensmittel |
| RU2707693C2 (ru) | 2015-05-07 | 2019-11-28 | Тетра Лаваль Холдингз Энд Файнэнс С.А. | Способ нанесения колпачка на емкость и устройство для нанесения колпачка на емкость |
| CN109532042B (zh) * | 2018-12-04 | 2023-12-12 | 三峡大学 | 基于压力传感器和机械式定位的防伪齿式白酒盖自动装配装置及方法 |
| CN111924159A (zh) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-11-13 | 安徽锴珑电子科技有限公司 | 一种储料桶的上盖旋紧装置 |
| CN115303626B (zh) * | 2022-08-05 | 2025-05-30 | 山东省鲁南地质工程勘察院(山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第二地质大队) | 一种水工环岩土专业用的样品保护转运装置 |
| CN115057017B (zh) * | 2022-08-05 | 2024-12-03 | 君和安母婴用品(深圳)有限公司 | 一种爽身粉的灌装方法 |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3440798A (en) * | 1966-06-24 | 1969-04-29 | John Earl Rackley | Container capping means |
| DE2164570A1 (de) * | 1971-12-24 | 1973-06-28 | Kurt G Hinterkopf | Vorrichtung zum aufschrauben der huetchenartigen verschlusskappen an tuben, huelsen od. dgl., z.b. an zahnpaste- oder kremtuben usw |
| CH624627A5 (en) * | 1977-01-10 | 1981-08-14 | Polytype Ag | Method for screwing screw caps onto containers with a threaded end and apparatus for carrying out the method |
| CH637600A5 (en) * | 1979-05-08 | 1983-08-15 | Hais Jan | Apparatus for mechanically sealing containers with a screw-on lid |
| DE3518338A1 (de) * | 1985-05-22 | 1986-11-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Vorrichtung zum anbringen eines schraubverschlusses an einem behaelter |
| DE4109241A1 (de) * | 1990-05-09 | 1991-11-14 | Alfons Mall Maschinenfabrik Gm | Vorrichtung zum behandeln von tuben |
| IT1264178B1 (it) * | 1993-07-28 | 1996-09-23 | Azionaria Costruzioni Acma Spa | Unita' tappatrice per l'assemblaggio automatico di flaconi a pompa. |
| US5687552A (en) * | 1996-03-20 | 1997-11-18 | Abbott Laboratories | Adapter system for a capping machine for applying at least one predetermined axial load |
| DE19708864A1 (de) * | 1997-03-05 | 1998-09-10 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Evakuier- und Verschließeinrichtung für Verschlußstopfen aufweisende Kleinbehälter |
| US5816029A (en) * | 1997-04-28 | 1998-10-06 | Fci, Inc. | Anti-rotation device for capping machine |
| IT1293251B1 (it) * | 1997-07-17 | 1999-02-16 | Ima Spa | Apparato per le macchine a giostra adibite alla tappatura di flaconi o simili con tappi a vite. |
-
1998
- 1998-11-26 DE DE19854709A patent/DE19854709B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-11-01 DE DE59912065T patent/DE59912065D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-11-01 AT AT99810991T patent/ATE295803T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-11-01 EP EP99810991A patent/EP1006050B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-26 JP JP33571999A patent/JP3770761B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-11-30 US US09/451,582 patent/US6510675B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE295803T1 (de) | 2005-06-15 |
| DE59912065D1 (de) | 2005-06-23 |
| US6510675B1 (en) | 2003-01-28 |
| JP3770761B2 (ja) | 2006-04-26 |
| DE19854709A1 (de) | 2000-05-31 |
| DE19854709B4 (de) | 2005-08-25 |
| JP2000168710A (ja) | 2000-06-20 |
| EP1006050A1 (de) | 2000-06-07 |
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