EP0987353B1 - Polyesterfasern und -filamente sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung - Google Patents
Polyesterfasern und -filamente sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0987353B1 EP0987353B1 EP99117671A EP99117671A EP0987353B1 EP 0987353 B1 EP0987353 B1 EP 0987353B1 EP 99117671 A EP99117671 A EP 99117671A EP 99117671 A EP99117671 A EP 99117671A EP 0987353 B1 EP0987353 B1 EP 0987353B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- polymethyl methacrylate
- melt
- thread
- filaments
- fibres
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 17
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 title description 23
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 24
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000004921 DEGALAN® Substances 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 3
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- QMKYBPDZANOJGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QMKYBPDZANOJGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- HNRMPXKDFBEGFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl trimethyl methane Natural products CCC(C)(C)C HNRMPXKDFBEGFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012803 melt mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- CYIDZMCFTVVTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyromellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C(C(O)=O)C=C1C(O)=O CYIDZMCFTVVTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- PXGZQGDTEZPERC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCC(C(O)=O)CC1 PXGZQGDTEZPERC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical group CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002845 Poly(methacrylic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102100038968 WAP four-disulfide core domain protein 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006085 branching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007380 fibre production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004811 liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006224 matting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011049 pearl Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000256 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012488 sample solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- YXTFRJVQOWZDPP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3,5-dicarboxybenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1 YXTFRJVQOWZDPP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
- D01F6/62—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/92—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyesters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
- Y10T428/2967—Synthetic resin or polymer
- Y10T428/2969—Polyamide, polyimide or polyester
Definitions
- the present invention relates to polyester fibers and filaments, which in have small additional additives and a process for their preparation.
- fibers or filaments containing small amounts of additives depending on the composition of the mixture can be processed via melt spinning and partially at the same take-off speed, an increase in the elongation at break in can produce undrawn yarn.
- EP 0 047 464 B1 discloses that polymethyl methacrylate (hereinafter abbreviated to Called PMMA) in principle to increase the elongation at break at higher spinning speeds can be used.
- EP 0 631 638 B1 like EP 0 047 464 B1, describes that polymethyl methacrylate has a having limited spinnability.
- EP 0 631 638 B1 describes a fiber polymer, which at 0.1 to 5 wt .-%, based on the fiber polymer, of a 50 to 90% imidized Polymethacryl73realkylesters, essentially in the form of inclusions contains.
- a major disadvantage of imidized Polymethacrylklarealkylester additives but is the relatively high price of the additive.
- the cost of the imidated polymethacrylic acid alkyl ester show that the economy of a process, which is the said Additive needed, not given.
- the additive described is not in available on a large scale, and it is also a dependency on a few manufacturers given.
- Another disadvantage, as described above, is that the spinning security is limited. It increasingly comes with the use of this material as an additive Thread breaks.
- the object of the present invention is therefore polymer blends for the production of polyester fibers and filaments which are readily spinnable and not contain more than 4 wt .-% additive, wherein the manufacturing process by the low Addition, a wide availability of the additive and a strong increase in Elongation at break should have a high economy.
- polyester i. in particular Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and small amounts of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) produced fibers or filaments very high elongation at break, before especially at high spinning speeds, can produce and at the same time show excellent spinning behavior.
- PET Polyethylene terephthalate
- PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
- Blends of polyester, i. especially PET and Polymethylmethacrylate and the elongation-enhancing effect of the polymethylmethacrylate Although known, but also known is the tendency to break yarn in spinning the Mixture, which is all the more evident when very high polymethyl methacrylate molecular weights be used.
- EP 0 047 464 B1 describes, as already mentioned above, that the increase in the Although polymethyl methacrylate molecular weight, a gain of the strain-increasing Effect, but also that spinning problems occur simultaneously, i. the reinforced one elongation-enhancing effect at very high molecular weights of the polymethylmethacrylate can due to the associated tendency to increased thread breaks not come into play at all.
- the economy of an industrial process on the basis of the product described in EP 0 047 464 B1 is thus limited.
- the lateral diameter of the novel rod-shaped Structures are very small.
- the rod-like deposits shown in the example have For example, a lateral diameter of about 300 to 400 nm, measured in the extruded from the spinneret, still unoriented melt filaments, the so-called Gewölle.
- the diameter is smaller than 800 nm. Preferred is a size of less than 600 nm, more preferably less than 400 nm.
- the PMMA-containing polymer mixture used according to the invention can also be used at high temperatures Spinning speeds easily by means of a conventional cross-flow blowing be spun.
- cooling devices such as e.g. devices for passive cooling by air suction of the high-speed threads or blowing devices, which are arranged in the center of the thread bundle.
- the present invention is suitable both for the production of partially oriented yarns (POY) (as illustrated in the example) and for the production of fibers (ie staple fibers), at which much slower spun (stripped), then much more stretched thereafter (as is known to one skilled in the art from Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5 th Ed., Vol. A10, Fibers, 3rd General Production Technology, pages 550-561).
- POY partially oriented yarns
- fibers ie staple fibers
- the economic gain in the present invention manifests itself in the case of fiber production, especially in a significantly increased draw ratio on the fiber, in addition to the correspondingly higher throughput in melt spinning.
- Fibers with the present invention is preferably a Withdrawal speed selected in the range of 800 to 2,400 m / min, during manufacture of partially oriented filament yarns (POY), a take-off speed of 3,000 to 8,000 m / min.
- a Withdrawal speed selected in the range of 800 to 2,400 m / min, during manufacture of partially oriented filament yarns (POY), a take-off speed of 3,000 to 8,000 m / min.
- polymethyl methacrylate is in comparison to that in EP 0 631 638 B1 described additive component (polymethylmethacrylimide) significantly cheaper and readily available.
- polymethyl methacrylate molecular weights (Weight average) between 20,000 and 200,000 g / mol suitable.
- suitable are molecular weights between 50,000 and 160,000 g / mol.
- All Particularly suitable are molecular weights between 80,000 and 140,000 g / mol.
- the molecular weight data for the PMMA refer to the following method of measurement (internal analysis specification No. LC 012 of EMS-CHEMIE AG):
- the molecular weight distribution and the weight-average molecular weight (M w ) of PMMA are determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), ie with a GPC instrument with the basic apparatus components pump, chromatography column and detector known for liquid chromatography.
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- a device from WATERS, type GPC 150A with IR detector is used.
- As a column four individual columns of dimension 250 mm x 7 mm (diameter) are connected in series to form a total column length of 1 m.
- the columns are filled with MERCK LiChrogel® 10 ⁇ m, in the combination PS4000, PS400, PS20 and PS4 (characteristic for the pore size) for the four individual sections, so that each molecular weight fraction of the PMMA is optimally separated.
- Chloroform containing 0.1% 1,2-dichlorobenzene as a flowmarker, serves as the stock solution for the PMMA samples.
- the eluent used is chloroform at a flow rate of 1 ml / min.
- 50 mg PMMA are weighed into a sealable 20 ml glass, filled up to the mark with stock solution and shaken until complete dissolution.
- the standards are used to calibrate the molecular weight measurement.
- the injection volume of the sample solutions is 200 ⁇ l each. All temperature settings are at 30 ° C.
- the evaluation of the measurements (chromatograms) is carried out with the aid of the GPC software MILLENIUM (by WATERS) according to the method of the Narrow Standard.
- the amount of PMMA mixed is in the range of 0.1 to 4 wt .-%, based on the Polyester as a thread-forming polymer.
- the range is from 0.2 to 3% by weight;
- Particularly preferred is a PMMA amount in the range of 0.3 to 2 wt .-%.
- the admixture of polymethyl methacrylate as an additive to PET can, for example, about the so-called "Melt Conditioning" method for the continuous modification of Polymer melts are carried out (DE 40 39 857 C2).
- Melt There will be a part of Melt that come directly from a polycondensation or from a reflow can, diverted from the main melt stream.
- This partial flow is in one Side stream extruder fed and there with the additive, which in granules, powder or is preferably bead form, applied and then dispersed.
- the dispersed and mixed melt concentrate is then returned to the main melt line and diluted there to the final concentration.
- melt conditioning it is also possible to use a melt extruder to produce a pure additive melt and into the main melt stream to inject.
- An appropriate arrangement of mixing elements ensures thereafter for homogenization and dispersion of the additive in the filament-forming matrix polymer (Polyethylene terephthalate).
- the PMMA as an additive (in granules, powder or Pearl form) directly to the PET granules in the Spinnextruder metered, there the To disperse additive in polyethylene terephthalate and then the melt mixture to spin.
- the starting form of the PMMA is preferred as beads because this is a fine distribution in the PET melt favors and also the PMMA commercial products in general anyway available in this form.
- These beads can be considered small beads imagine with a diameter of about 0.3 mm; They are occasionally also called semolina designated.
- the additive can be added both as a pure substance and in masterbatch form. In addition, other additives or additives can be incorporated and spun become.
- the polyethylene terephthalate itself can also already the usual additives such as Matting agents (titanium dioxide), stabilizers, catalysts, etc. included.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- Polyyester means the polyester containing at least 80% polyethylene terephthalate units and contain a maximum of 20% units, derived from a diol other than ethylene glycol as e.g. Diethylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol or a dicarboxylic acid other than terephthalic acid, for example, isophthalic acid, hexahydroterephthalic acid, dibenzoic acid.
- Polyethylene terephthalate may optionally be mixed with small molar amounts of Branching agent having from 3 to 4 functional alcohol or acid groups, trimethylpropane, Trimethyloletane, pentaerythritol, glycerol, trimesic acid, trimellitic acid or pyromellitic acid, modify.
- Branching agent having from 3 to 4 functional alcohol or acid groups, trimethylpropane, Trimethyloletane, pentaerythritol, glycerol, trimesic acid, trimellitic acid or pyromellitic acid, modify.
- the starting polyester may also contain known additives to enhance the ability of the To modify coloration, e.g. Sodium 3,5-dicarboxybenzenesulfonate.
- the ready to use dispersed Melt mixture obtained by any of the described admixture variants can be prepared, not initially spun into threads, but granulated.
- This High-performance granules can later on conventional spinning machines with Aufschmelzextruder further processed, i. spun into fibers or filaments.
- the processor for example, a customer of the granule manufacturer, has all the advantages of According to the invention modified polyester, without his conventional Retrofit spinning machine with expensive dosing and mixing equipment and a separate Must buy additive. The whole handling is thus in this way for a processor as easy as with normal PET granules.
- Figures 1, 2 and 3 show SEM cross-sectional photographs of an inventive Melt filament in the matrix polymer (PET), which under the nozzle plate in the unoriented Condition was taken.
- PTA matrix polymer
- Figures 1, 2 and 3 show SEM cross-sectional photographs of an inventive Melt filament in the matrix polymer (PET), which under the nozzle plate in the unoriented Condition was taken.
- Fig. 3 ("sticks", laterally cut) the axial storage of PMMA additive visible (extension in thread axis).
- Table 1 shows results from spinning experiments at a winding speed (Vwick) of 4.950 m / min.
- the spinning temperature was 285 ° C, with the range of 280 ° C to 295 ° C being preferred.
- a passive cooling was used, as described for example in DE 197 16 394 C1. After passing through the cooling section, the yarn was passed over a cold godet duo and then wound up.
- the godet speed amounted to 3,225 m / min.
- the "melt conditioning" process (DE 40 39 857 C2) was used, which is usually used for melt modification in continuous polyester-polycondensation plants with directly connected spinning.
- a common, for textile applications common, frosted polyethylene terephthalate from EMS-CHEMIE AG with the type designation Grilene® M764 was used.
- the additive used was a polymethyl methacrylate from DEGUSSA with the type designation DEGALAN® G8E having a molecular weight of 126,580 g / mol (weight average). The concentration was 0.65 to 0.90 weight percent.
- the mean lateral diameters of the polymethyl methacrylate inclusions (see Figures 1, 2, 3) were less than 400 nm. The spinning behavior was very good. Only full bobbins were produced.
- Table 2 shows textile data of the textured yarn.
- the quality data obtained with the modified polyester correspond to that of good, conventionally produced Texturgam.
- the gain lies in the enormous productivity increase in spinning, considering that normal POY yarn is spun only at about 3,200 m / min. 6-thread position of a production plant Add.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Description
Die Molekulargewichtsverteilung und das Gewichtsmittel (Mw) der Molmasse von PMMA werden mittels der Gel-Permeations-Chromatographie (GPC) bestimmt, d.h. mit einem GPC-Meßgerät mit den für eine Flüssigkeitschromatographie bekannten Apparatur-Grundkomponenten Pumpe, Chromatographiesäule und Detektor. Für die Messungen wird ein Gerät der Firma WATERS, Typ GPC 150A mit IR-Detektor, verwendet. Als Säule werden vier Einzelsäulen der Dimension 250 mm x 7 mm (Durchmesser) in Serie zu einer Gesamtsäulenlänge von 1 m hintereinandergeschaltet. Die Säulen sind gefüllt mit MERCK LiChrogel® 10 µm, und zwar in der Kombination PS4000, PS400, PS20 und PS4 (kennzeichnend für die Porengröße) für die vier einzelnen Abschnitte, so daß jede Molekulargewichtsfraktion des PMMA optimal aufgetrennt wird. Als Stammlösung für die PMMA-Proben dient Chloroform, mit 0,1% 1,2-Dichlorbenzol als Flowmarker. Als Eluent wird Chloroform in einer Flußrate von 1 ml/min verwendet. Zur Probenvorbereitung werden jeweils 50 mg PMMA in ein verschließbares 20 ml-Glas eingewogen, mit Stammlösung bis zur Marke aufgefüllt und bis zur vollständigen Auflösung geschüttelt. Genau gleich werden zunächst auch mindestens 5 PMMA Standards aus dem Bereich 5.720 < Mw < 360.000 g/mol zubereitet, die von der Firma POLYMER LABORATORIES bezogen werden. Mit den Standards wird die Molekulargewichtsmessung kalibriert. Das Injektionsvolumen der Probenlösungen beträgt jeweils 200 µl. Alle Temperatureinstellungen sind auf 30 °C. Die Auswertung der Messungen (Chromatogramme) erfolgt mit Hilfe der GPC-Software MILLENIUM (von WATERS) nach der Methode des Narrow Standards.
Das Spinnverhalten war sehr gut. Es wurden ausschließlich Vollspulen hergestellt.
| 6-fädige Position einer Produktionsanlage | |||||
| Add.-Typ | G8E | G8E | G8E | Null-1 | Null-2 |
| Menge (%) | 0,65 | 0,76 | 0,90 | - | - |
| RD (%) | 120,6 | 126,6 | 134,1 | 64,7 | 121,8 |
| RF (cN/dtex) | 2,4 | 2,24 | 2,01 | 3,07 | 2.31 |
| Titer (dtex) | 129,7 | 131,2 | 129,7 | 124,9 | 125,3 |
| Vwick (m/min) | 4950 | 4950 | 4950 | 4950 | 3170 |
| Spinnverhalten | sehr gut | sehr gut | sehr gut | gut | sehr gut |
| Durchmesser (nm) | kleiner 400 | kleiner 400 |
| Strecktexturierung | |||
| Add.-Typ | G8E | G8E | Null-2 |
| Menge (%) | 0,65 | 0,76 | - |
| RD (%) | 21,3 | 21,7 | 21,4 |
| RF (cN/dtex) | 4,08 | 4,06 | 4,1 |
| Titer (dtex) | 80,7 | 77,1 | 75,8 |
| Vtex (m/min) | 800 | 800 | 800 |
| Verstreckverhältnis | 1,68 | 1,74 | 1,695 |
| Laufverhalten | sehr gut | sehr gut | sehr gut |
- G8E =
- PMMA-Typ der Firma DEGUSSA mit dem Handelsnamen DEGALAN® als Additiv in der angegebenen Menge dem PET zugesetzt.
- Null-1 =
- Nullvariante (Vergleichsbeispiel) ohne Additivzusatz, nur PET vom Typ Grilene® M764 der EMS-CHEMIE AG (relative Viskosität = 1,64 gemessen 1 %-ig in m-Kresol)
- Null-2 =
- wie Null-1, aber mit tieferer Spinn- und Aufwickelgeschwindigkeit
- RD =
- Reißdehnung
- RF =
- Reißfestigkeit
Claims (18)
- Fasern und Filamente aus überwiegend Polyethylenterephthalat als fadenbildendem Polymer, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie 0,1 bis 4 Gew.-% bezogen auf das fadenbildende Polymer, Polymethylmethacrylat mit einem gewichtsmäßig mittleren Molekulargewicht von zwischen 20.000 bis 200.000 g/mol als weiteres Polymer, überwiegend in Form von stäbchenförmigen Einlagerungen, gemessen in den aus der Spinndüse extrudierten, noch unorientierten Schmelzefäden, enthalten, wobei die laterale Teilchengröße der stäbchenförmigen Einlagerungen des weiteren Polymers kleiner als 800 nm ist, und wobei die Abzugsgeschwindigkeit der Spinnfäden bei der Herstellung bis zu 8.000 m/min beträgt, mit der Maßgabe, daß Polymethylmethacrylat mit einer Formbeständigkeitstemperatur in dem Bereich von 105 bis 130°C ausgeschlossen ist.
- Fasern bzw. Filamente gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die stäbchenförmigen Polymethylmethacrylat-Einlagerungen einen mittleren lateralen Durchmesser kleiner 600 nm aufweisen.
- Fasern bzw. Filamente gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die stäbchenförmigen Polymethylmethacrylat-Einlagerungen einen mittleren lateralen Durchmesser von kleiner 400 nm aufweisen.
- Fasern bzw. Filamente gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Polymethylmethacrylat ein gewichtsmäßig mittleres Molekulargewicht von zwischen 50.000 und 160.000 g/mol aufweist.
- Fasern bzw. Filamente gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Polymethylmethacrylat ein gewichtsmäßig mittleres Molekulargewicht von zwischen 80.000 und 140.000 g/mol aufweist.
- Fasern bzw. Filamente gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie 0,2 bis 3 Gew.-% Polymethylmethacrylat enthalten.
- Fasern bzw. Filamente gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie 0,3 bis 2 Gew.-% Polymethylmethacrylat enthalten.
- Verfahren zur Herstellung von im wesentlichen aus Polyethylenterephthalat bestehenden schmelzgesponnenen Fasern und Filamenten durch Polykondensation oder Aufschmelzen des fadenbildenden Polymers und anschließendem Schmelzspinnen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem fadenbildenden Polymer 0,1 bis 4 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das fadenbildende Polymer, eines Polymeren aus im wesentlichen Polymethylmethacrylat mit einem gewichtsmäßig mittleren Molekulargewicht von zwischen 20.000 und 200.000 g/mol vor dem Schmelzspinnen zugemischt und darin dispergiert werden und beim Schmelzspinnen eine Abzugsgeschwindigkeit der Fäden von bis zu 8.000 m/min eingestellt wird, wobei durch die Dispergierung in den aus der Spinndüse extrudierten, noch unorientierten Schmelzefäden stäbchenförmige Einlagerungen des PMMA mit einer lateralen Teilchengröße von kleiner als 800 nm erhalten werden, mit der Maßgabe, daß Polymethylmethacrylat mit einer Formbeständigkeitstemperatur in dem Bereich von 105 bis 130°C ausgeschlossen ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man dem fadenbildenden Polymer 0,2 bis 3 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das fadenbildende Polymer, des Polymethylmethacrylats zumischt.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man dem fadenbildenden Polymer 0,3 bis 2 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das fadenbildende Polymer, des Polymethylmethacrylats zumischt.
- Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 8 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man zur kontinuierlichen Modifizierung der Polyethylenterephthalatschmelze einen Teil der Schmelze aus dem Hauptschmelzestrom abzweigt, diesen Teilstrom in einen Seitenstrom-Extruder einspeist, dort mit dem Polymethylmethacrylat beaufschlagt und dieses darin dispergiert, das dispergierte und gemischte Schmelzekonzentrat aus dem Seitenstrom zurück in die Hauptschmelzeleitung führt, dort auf die Endkonzentration verdünnt und anschließend die Schmelzemischung verspinnt.
- Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 8 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mittels eines Aufschmelzextruders eine PMMA-Schmelze erzeugt und diese in den Hauptschmelzestrom aus Polyethylenterephthalat injiziert wird, danach mit Hilfe einer Mischeinrichtung homogenisiert und im Matrix-Polymer dispergiert und anschließend die Schmelzemischung versponnen wird.
- Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 8 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß von Polyethylenterephthalat-Granulat ausgegangen und dieses in einem Spinnextruder aufgeschmolzen wird, und daß das PMMA direkt zum Polyethylenterephthalat-Granulat in den Spinnextruder zudosiert und dort im Polyethylenterephthalat dispergiert wird, und man anschließend die Schmelzemischung verspinnt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 11 oder Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Polymethylmethacrylat in Perlenform zudosiert wird.
- Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 8 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß gleichzeitig mit dem Polymethylmethacrylat noch weitere Zusatzstoffe oder Additive zudosiert und dem fadenbildenden Polymer beigemischt werden.
- Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 8 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die gebrauchsfertig dispergierte Schmelzemischung nicht unmittelbar anschließend zu Fäden versponnen, sondern zunächst granuliert und später an einer Spinnmaschine mit Aufschmelzextruder weiterverarbeitet wird.
- Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 8 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei der Herstellung von Fasern die Abzugsgeschwindigkeit 800 bis 2.400 m/min beträgt.
- Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 8 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei der Herstellung von teilweise orientierten Filamentgarnen die Abzugsgeschwindigkeit 3.000 bis 8.000 m/min beträgt.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19842463 | 1998-09-16 | ||
| DE19842463 | 1998-09-16 | ||
| DE19935145A DE19935145C2 (de) | 1998-09-16 | 1999-07-27 | Polyesterfasern und -filamente sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
| DE19935145 | 1999-07-27 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0987353A1 EP0987353A1 (de) | 2000-03-22 |
| EP0987353B1 true EP0987353B1 (de) | 2003-11-05 |
Family
ID=26048897
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99117671A Expired - Lifetime EP0987353B1 (de) | 1998-09-16 | 1999-09-07 | Polyesterfasern und -filamente sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US6235389B1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0987353B1 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20000023034A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN1159475C (de) |
| BR (1) | BR9904204A (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2210929T3 (de) |
| ID (1) | ID23998A (de) |
| MX (1) | MXPA99008258A (de) |
| TR (1) | TR199902159A2 (de) |
| TW (1) | TW490513B (de) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6607689B1 (en) * | 2000-08-29 | 2003-08-19 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Layer thickness control for stereolithography utilizing variable liquid elevation and laser focal length |
| GB0102658D0 (en) * | 2001-02-02 | 2001-03-21 | Ineos Acrylics Uk Ltd | Polymeric Fibres |
| CA2468876C (fr) * | 2001-12-05 | 2009-04-28 | Rhodia Industrial Yarns Ag | Procede de fabrication de monofilaments de polypropylene, monofilaments de polypropylene et leur utilisation |
| US6923925B2 (en) | 2002-06-27 | 2005-08-02 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process of making poly (trimethylene dicarboxylate) fibers |
| US6921803B2 (en) * | 2002-07-11 | 2005-07-26 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) fibers, their manufacture and use |
| ES2425471B1 (es) | 2012-03-12 | 2014-07-25 | Iqap Masterbatch Group, S.L. | Composición polimérica concentrada ("masterbatch"), su procedimiento de fabricación, y su uso para la aditivicación de fibras y filamentos de poliéster |
| CN102828278A (zh) * | 2012-09-20 | 2012-12-19 | 苏州大学 | 一种聚酯全拉伸竹节丝及其方法制备 |
| CN107663686B (zh) * | 2017-08-31 | 2019-08-30 | 安徽省德邦瓷业有限公司 | 一种日用陶瓷制坯用棒状泥料切割线的加工方法 |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2504054B2 (de) * | 1975-01-31 | 1976-11-11 | Henkel & Cie GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf; Deutsche Gold- und Silber-Scheideanstalt vormals Roessler, 6000 Frankfurt | Antistatika fuer thermoplastische kunststoffe |
| JPS53130351A (en) * | 1977-04-18 | 1978-11-14 | Toyobo Petcord | High tenacity polyester textile goods for reinforcing rubber wares |
| JPS5747912A (en) * | 1980-09-03 | 1982-03-19 | Teijin Ltd | Undrawn polyester yarn and its production |
| JPS6221817A (ja) * | 1985-05-30 | 1987-01-30 | Teijin Ltd | ポリエステル繊維の超高速紡糸方法 |
| JPS6221814A (ja) * | 1985-07-17 | 1987-01-30 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | ポリ(p−フエニレンテレフタルアミド)繊維及びその製造方法 |
| DE4039857A1 (de) * | 1990-10-19 | 1992-04-23 | Inventa Ag | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur direkten, kontinuierlichen modifizierung von polymerschmelzen |
| JPH0617317A (ja) * | 1991-12-26 | 1994-01-25 | Toray Ind Inc | ポリエステル繊維の製造方法 |
| DE4208916A1 (de) * | 1992-03-20 | 1993-09-23 | Akzo Nv | Polyesterfaser und verfahren zu deren herstellung |
| JPH0734328A (ja) * | 1993-07-21 | 1995-02-03 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | 金属様光沢を有するポリエステル系繊維 |
| KR100392965B1 (ko) * | 1995-03-02 | 2003-10-30 | 도레이 가부시끼가이샤 | 폴리에스테르고배향미연신섬유및그제조방법 |
| JP3769379B2 (ja) * | 1998-03-19 | 2006-04-26 | 帝人ファイバー株式会社 | 捲取性の改善された高伸度ポリエステルフィラメント糸およびその製造方法 |
-
1999
- 1999-09-07 EP EP99117671A patent/EP0987353B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-07 ES ES99117671T patent/ES2210929T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-08 MX MXPA99008258A patent/MXPA99008258A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-09-09 TR TR1999/02159A patent/TR199902159A2/xx unknown
- 1999-09-09 KR KR1019990038441A patent/KR20000023034A/ko not_active Ceased
- 1999-09-15 BR BR9904204-5A patent/BR9904204A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-09-15 US US09/396,917 patent/US6235389B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-09-15 ID IDP990866D patent/ID23998A/id unknown
- 1999-09-16 TW TW088115906A patent/TW490513B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-09-16 CN CNB991188705A patent/CN1159475C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2000
- 2000-12-15 US US09/738,187 patent/US6544456B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1159475C (zh) | 2004-07-28 |
| ID23998A (id) | 2000-06-14 |
| CN1260411A (zh) | 2000-07-19 |
| TR199902159A3 (tr) | 2000-08-21 |
| ES2210929T3 (es) | 2004-07-01 |
| US6544456B1 (en) | 2003-04-08 |
| US6235389B1 (en) | 2001-05-22 |
| TR199902159A2 (xx) | 2000-08-21 |
| TW490513B (en) | 2002-06-11 |
| MXPA99008258A (es) | 2004-11-26 |
| BR9904204A (pt) | 2000-09-05 |
| KR20000023034A (ko) | 2000-04-25 |
| EP0987353A1 (de) | 2000-03-22 |
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