EP0933432B1 - Vorrichtung zum Entfleischen von Häuten - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zum Entfleischen von Häuten Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0933432B1 EP0933432B1 EP99100864A EP99100864A EP0933432B1 EP 0933432 B1 EP0933432 B1 EP 0933432B1 EP 99100864 A EP99100864 A EP 99100864A EP 99100864 A EP99100864 A EP 99100864A EP 0933432 B1 EP0933432 B1 EP 0933432B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- air cushion
- skin
- receptacle
- hide
- tension strap
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000007933 dermal patch Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000002808 connective tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000000577 adipose tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000028990 Skin injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000035617 depilation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010822 slaughterhouse waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
- C14B1/00—Manufacture of leather; Machines or devices therefor
- C14B1/02—Fleshing, unhairing, samming, stretching-out, setting-out, shaving, splitting, or skiving skins, hides, or leather
- C14B1/04—Fleshing, unhairing, samming, stretching-out, setting-out, shaving, splitting, or skiving skins, hides, or leather using slicking, scraping, or smoothing-out cylinders or blades fixed on supports, e.g. cylinders, in a plane substantially at right angles to the working surface
- C14B1/08—Fleshing, unhairing, samming, stretching-out, setting-out, shaving, splitting, or skiving skins, hides, or leather using slicking, scraping, or smoothing-out cylinders or blades fixed on supports, e.g. cylinders, in a plane substantially at right angles to the working surface in machines with flexible bands as bed supporting or counter-pressure elements
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for flesh removal of skins with an elastic, under pneumatic Overpressure and one of these Gap assigned, rotating knife roller, between which the skin is pulled through by means of a transport device the skin overlay is made of a thin-walled, highly flexible Air cushion and a comprehensive, highly flexible tensioning strap (see document GB-A-240 472).
- Dehairing and fleshing of the rawhide is common the first processing that the rawhide in the Tannery undergoes.
- Depilation is essentially done through chemical treatment in strong alkaline medium, the so-called liming, in which the Skin with larger amounts of water and the necessary Chemicals is treated.
- the skin swells spongy and the hair is chemically dissolved (gummed up), while the meat side, which consists of fat and Connective tissue exists, remains largely unaffected.
- the skin becomes this spongy, swollen state placed on the meat removal machine with a revolving knife roller is equipped, the cutting run helically from the center on both sides.
- a fixed one serves as a counter bearing for the skin Edition.
- the helical cutting edges at the same time provide for the spreading and stretching of the skin.
- the skin goes through the meat removal machine twice, namely from the middle to both End up.
- the so-called glue leather falls during the fleshing process which, in addition to the fat and connective tissue, the chemicals from the liming and water. This glue leather leaves process themselves exclusively into animal glues, for which is hardly needed today.
- the skin has a three-dimensional topography and therefore has different thicknesses in its plane of extension, need to avoid skin injury Precautions are taken to ensure that these thickness differences be balanced in the working gap, whereby also an adaptation to the type of skin (veal, Cow or bull skin), the very different topographies have, on the other hand an adaptation to the Skin weight (size and thickness are in a certain Ratio) is required.
- the edition is one thick-walled, reinforced rubber tube with compressed air filling formed, that on the opposite of the knife roller Side lies in several shell-like abutments that again via adjusting spindles for setting the working gap can be relocated.
- the abutment is adjusted via the adjusting spindle the topography of the skin across the working direction.
- the skins are pre-sorted Genus and weight necessary.
- the machine must be reset. The construction effort is also here considerable and need to set up accordingly be taken.
- the invention is based on the object of a device to train for fleshing that optional pre-treated or untreated raw hides without any risk of damage and inexpensively without waste and environmentally friendly to a tannable skin can be fleshed.
- this object is achieved by that the air cushion with a Pressure compensation chamber communicates.
- the skin overlay a certain inner elasticity, but nevertheless one must have a sufficiently high resistance to deformation, sufficient for the cutting forces of the knife roller Opposing resistance while having greater thickness differences the skin, especially its topography across Direction of passage through the compliant or adjustable Abutments of the skin overlay were balanced.
- the Invention goes another way in which the air cushion with the straps across them a total forms a highly flexible pad whose resistance to deformation determined solely by the internal pressure of the air cushion is what makes the skin overlay both locally available Differences in thickness, as well as the topography of the skin in and follow without delay across the direction of flow can.
- the invention Device in particular is possible, too freshly slaughtered skin to tannable, that is on the scar side is not hairy yet no significant internal elasticity across the skin level having.
- the air cushion reacts sufficiently sensitive to local changes in thickness, on the other it offers sufficient proof to avoid missing inner compressibility of the skin a damage-free To allow fleshing. Due to the even and low normal forces and thus low frictional forces the significantly higher coefficient of friction on the hair side the skin balanced without the addition of Water is needed.
- the device according to the invention thus offers for the first time the possibility of the resulting fat and Obtaining connective tissue free of water and chemicals, so that it can be used in the same way, like other usable slaughterhouse waste.
- the problematic Glue leather no longer accumulates, so everyone with this related problems, such as storage, transportation and further processing come to an end. Handling and Transport are due to the reduction in weight the weight of the skin is simplified or less expensive.
- the fleshed skin can be in perfect condition Condition immediately processed in the tannery be without the conventional processing sequence change is. However, fleshing is not required in the tannery and it can already in the first process, e.g. the Ashes, with a high skin weight and less Chemical consumption are worked.
- the invention Device also flesh hides in the conventional form, So after the liming in the tannery, and also here a pre-sorting of the skins by type and weight is not required.
- the gap between this and the knife roller minimized become. It only needs to be so big that Do not touch the skin support and knife roller anymore.
- the skin overlay also fits in the edge area of the Skin very precisely on the edge contour and is in the edge area only a minimal gap between knife roller and Skin present, so that unlike all known Machines do not form fringes. It can therefore to the previously necessary staff for the edge trimming be dispensed with and there will also be any waste avoided.
- Tension band made from a slack sheet material. This ensures that the sheet material the shape of the air cushion given by the internal pressure adapts without resistance, especially no folds, constrictions or the like arise. Because only the strap is subject to wear and tear from inexpensive Material can exist and also easily replaceable resource costs are also low.
- the strap is under one by the Internal pressure of the air cushion determined traction. So that is ensures that the strap in connection with the Air cushion has a defined contour in the working gap.
- the internal pressure of the air cushion can also be adjustable to the in conjunction with the strap Shape of the air cushion and thus the shape and width of the and working gap between knife roller and skin support to vary, especially the inlet angle optimize a small value.
- the air cushion can at least on the working width the device a substantially circular cylindrical Have cross section, so that the machining on the Meat side is essentially linear.
- the air cushion can also do one essentially have oval cross-section, so that the feed angle smaller and the work surface becomes a little wider.
- the tension band on the skin facing Side have a smooth surface, in particular the coefficient of friction for freshly slaughtered skin to reduce to the hair side and on the addition of To be able to do without water.
- An advantageous embodiment of the device draws is characterized in that the air cushion in a to Cutter roller open receptacle is arranged by the Tension strap is overlapped.
- This recording is designed that the air cushion the lateral limitation of the Picked up in the direction of the knife roller and by that Tension strap is held. Furthermore, the recording is designed that they can deform the Air cushions allowed while deflating.
- the receptacle has one Floor on which the air cushion is fixed, whereby in Area of fixing the air cushion to a pneumatic one Connection with low flow resistance between the Interior of the air cushion and the pressure compensation chamber is provided. If necessary, over the length of the Air cushion a variety of pneumatic connections in uniform arrangement can be provided to the flow resistance between air cushion and compensation chamber further reduce. Due to the low flow resistance In the pneumatic connection there is a delay-free one Pressure equalization and therefore also a delay-free one Deformation of the air cushion possible. The skin patch so it immediately adjusts to the differences in thickness on. Also irregularities on the hair side, such as by swirling hair or also due to sticky manure appear from the skin patch balanced.
- An easy way to change the cross section the air cushion is that the bottom of the intake is guided so that the depth of the Recording and thus between the floor and the strap existing space and thus also the shape of the air cushion can vary.
- the bottom can be deformed and in its shape be adjustable, for example, transversely to the working direction is arched.
- the pressure compensation chamber a multiple of the volume of the air cushion on.
- the compensation chamber can be about ten times as large Own volume.
- the one in the air cushion and in the pressure compensation chamber the prevailing overpressure can be between 0.5 and 5 bar. Practical trials with freshly slaughtered skins have surprisingly shown that overpressure between 0.8 and 1.2 bar is completely sufficient.
- the knife roller therefore has up to three times more knives than usual to even with strong local thickness differences the skin or with manure curtains the advantages of Optimal use of the air cushion. This results in at the same time an increase in performance.
- the skin overlay 5 is made up of an air cushion 6 and one this overlapping strap 7 is formed, the Air cushion 6 in the embodiment of FIG. 1 in has a substantially circular cylindrical cross section.
- the Air cushion 6 consists of a thin-walled, highly flexible Material, as well as the tension band 7 made of a sheet material manufactured without significant intrinsic rigidity is.
- the air cushion 6 is arranged in a receptacle 8, bounded by a floor 9 and side walls and for Knife roller 4 is open. Towering in this direction the air cushion 6 the lateral limitation of the receptacle 8, which is also large enough to be free of disabilities To allow deformation of the air cushion 6.
- the air cushion 6 is otherwise only on the bottom 9 of the receptacle 8 established.
- the air cushion 6 is overlapped by the tension band 7.
- the tension band 7 Around the strap across the entire working width It is up to his two to give tension Longitudinal edges folded into a loop 10, in one ledge 11 extending across the entire width is.
- Loops 10 is the strap 7 on the machine frame attached, the strips ensure that the through the air cushion 6 generated tensile stress over the entire Width is the same size.
- the air cushion 6 is connected via pneumatic connections 12 in the area of the attachment points of the air cushion 6 am Bottom 9 with a pressure compensation chamber 13 in connection.
- a pressure compensation chamber 13 in connection.
- serve in the machine frame 1 installed hoses 14 large cross-section.
- the air cushion 6 and the pressure compensation chamber 13 are standing under overpressure, which in connection with the strap 7 ensures that the air cushion 6 a controlled Has deformation resistance, the tension band 7 further ensures that the air cushion 6 is not in Cutting direction of the knife roller 4 can dodge.
- the device works as follows:
- the skin 15 is either by hand or by means of a Manipulator from above with the machine open the knife roller 4 and the removed skin support 5 are inserted, to about half of the raw skin below the later working gap depends. Then the Skin pad 5 and the platen roller 2 delivered, wherein between knife roller 4 and tensioning belt 7 an only extremely narrow gap is maintained.
- By driving the Transport roller 3 is the skin 15 through the top Working gap pulled through and by means of the knife roller 4 adipose and connective tissue from the meat side of the Skin scraped.
- the knives 16 of the knife roller 4 are in the drawing only indicated schematically.
- Knife roller 4 Indeed are helical cutting strips and the cutting strips run from the center of the Knife roller 4 on each side so the skin is transverse to Spread the direction of passage so that the blemish and adipose tissue be cut off under tension. deviant from the drawing, the knives are also much narrower arranged. Instead of that on a knife roller of approx. 200mm Diameter usually arranged (2x) 11 knives are in the training according to the invention up to about (2x) 30 knives provided.
- FIG. 2 differs of that of FIG. 1 only in that the strap 7 through fillers 12 inserted into the loops 10 in the form cylindrical rods is shortened. This gives the Air cushions under the internal pressure essentially one oval cross section. At the same time the feed angle in Working gap is reduced and the width of the working gap increased.
- the bottom 9 of the Arrange receptacle 8 displaceably in the machine frame, so that the depth of the receptacle 8 can be varied.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung, teilweise im Schnitt und
- Fig. 2
- eine der Fig. 1 entsprechende Ansicht einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung.
Claims (17)
- Vorrichtung zum Entfleischen von Häuten mit einer elastischen, unter pneumatischem Überdruck stehenden Hautauflage und einer dieser auf Spalt zugeordneten, umlaufenden Messerwalze (4), zwischen denen die Haut (15) mittels einer Transporteinrichtung (2, 3) hindurchgezogen wird, wobei die Hautauflage (5) aus einem dünnwandigen, hochflexiblen Luftkissen (6) und einem dieses übergreifenden, hochflexiblen Spannband (7) besteht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Luftkissen (6) mit einer Druck-Ausgleichskammer (13) in Verbindung steht.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen Messerwalze (4) und Hautauflage (5) ein minimaler, die gegenseitige Berührung gerade noch ausschließender Spalt vorgesehen ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Spannband (7) aus einem schlaffen Bahnenmaterial hergestellt ist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Spannband (7) unter einer durch den Innendruck des Luftkissens (6) bestimmten Zugkraft steht.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Innendruck des Luftkissens (6) einstellbar ist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Spannband (7) auf der der Haut (15) zugekehrten Seite eine glatte Oberfläche aufweist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Luftkissen (6) zumindest auf der Arbeitsbreite der Vorrichtung einen im wesentlichen kreiszylindrischen Querschnitt aufweist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Luftkissen (6) zumindest auf der Arbeitsbreite der Vorrichtung einen im wesentlichen ovalen Querschnitt aufweist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Luftkissen (6) in einer zur Messerwalze (4) offenen Aufnahme (8) angeordnet ist, die von dem Spannband (7) übergriffen ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Aufnahme (8) einen Boden (9) aufweist, an dem das Luftkissen (6) festgelegt ist und daß im Bereich der Festlegung wenigstens eine pneumatische Verbindung (12) mit geringem Strömungswiderstand zwischen dem Innenraum des Luftkissens (6) und der Druck-Ausgleichskammer (13) vorgesehen ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß über die Länge des Luftkissens (6) eine Vielzahl pneumatischer Verbindungen (12) in gleichmäßiger Anordnung vorgesehen sind.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Boden (9) der Aufnahme (8) verschiebbar geführt ist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Boden (9) der Aufnahme (8) verformbar und seine Form einstellbar ist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Druck-Ausgleichskammer (13) ein Mehrfaches des Volumens des Luftkissens (6) aufweist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Luftkissen (6) und die Druck-Ausgleichskammer (13) unter einem Überdruck von 0,5 bis 5 bar stehen.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Luftkissen (6) und die Druck-Ausgleichskammer (13) unter einem Überdruck von 0,8 bis 1,2 bar stehen.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Messerwalze bei einem Durchmesser von ca. 200mm bis zu ca. 30 Messer auf dem Umfang aufweist.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19803393 | 1998-01-29 | ||
| DE19803393A DE19803393A1 (de) | 1998-01-29 | 1998-01-29 | Vorrichtung zum Entfleischen von Häuten |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0933432A2 EP0933432A2 (de) | 1999-08-04 |
| EP0933432A3 EP0933432A3 (de) | 2000-05-17 |
| EP0933432B1 true EP0933432B1 (de) | 2003-06-11 |
Family
ID=7856002
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99100864A Expired - Lifetime EP0933432B1 (de) | 1998-01-29 | 1999-01-19 | Vorrichtung zum Entfleischen von Häuten |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0933432B1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19803393A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102181585B (zh) * | 2011-04-07 | 2013-03-27 | 扬州扬宝机械有限公司 | 一种通过式挤水机的辅助伸展装置 |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE203594C (de) * | ||||
| GB240472A (en) * | 1924-09-24 | 1926-03-04 | Alexander Kehrhahn | Machine for treating hides, skins, leather and the like |
| DD115603A1 (de) * | 1974-11-25 | 1975-10-12 | ||
| FR2376212A1 (fr) * | 1976-12-28 | 1978-07-28 | Mercier Georges | Procede et machine de mise en oeuvre du procede pour echarner les cuirs et peaux |
| US4428210A (en) * | 1982-06-04 | 1984-01-31 | Mills Fur Farm Supply, Inc. | Fleshing machine |
| ES8700326A1 (es) * | 1985-12-17 | 1986-10-16 | Cots Tana Esteban | Procedimiento para la extraccion de la capa de elementos fi-liformes de una piel animal completa |
| DE9206363U1 (de) * | 1992-05-12 | 1992-07-30 | Alco-Food-Machines GmbH, 4505 Bad Iburg | Schneidemaschine zum Aufschneiden von flachen Fleischstücken |
-
1998
- 1998-01-29 DE DE19803393A patent/DE19803393A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-01-19 DE DE59905897T patent/DE59905897D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-01-19 EP EP99100864A patent/EP0933432B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0933432A2 (de) | 1999-08-04 |
| EP0933432A3 (de) | 2000-05-17 |
| DE19803393A1 (de) | 1999-08-05 |
| DE59905897D1 (de) | 2003-07-17 |
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