EP0893218B1 - Dispositif et procédé pour la fabrication d'éléments pressés - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé pour la fabrication d'éléments pressés Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0893218B1
EP0893218B1 EP98113108A EP98113108A EP0893218B1 EP 0893218 B1 EP0893218 B1 EP 0893218B1 EP 98113108 A EP98113108 A EP 98113108A EP 98113108 A EP98113108 A EP 98113108A EP 0893218 B1 EP0893218 B1 EP 0893218B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
set forth
spindle
die assemblies
molded
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98113108A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0893218A1 (fr
Inventor
Reiner Welz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ludowici GmbH
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Ludowici GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ludowici GmbH filed Critical Ludowici GmbH
Publication of EP0893218A1 publication Critical patent/EP0893218A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0893218B1 publication Critical patent/EP0893218B1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/021—Ram heads of special form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/0097—Press moulds; Press-mould and press-ram assemblies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/007—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a plurality of pressing members working in different directions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B7/00—Presses characterised by a particular arrangement of the pressing members
    • B30B7/04—Presses characterised by a particular arrangement of the pressing members wherein pressing is effected in different directions simultaneously or in turn

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus and a method for Production of moldings, in particular roof tile compacts, from blanks, such as chunks of clay or the like, with at least one pair of each other and associated with each other interacting forms of work and their use.
  • a whole series of devices are from the prior art and method known to produce moldings, such as roof tile compacts, from blanks, such as clay chunks.
  • drum presses with an upper working shape and several arranged around the circumference of the drum press lower forms of work (see, for example, DE 195 47 612 A1) as well as hydraulic presses with a variety of upper work forms and a corresponding plurality of lower ones Known forms of work.
  • These have drum and hydraulic presses however, in practice due to their more constructive Overall design proved to be disadvantageous. So it happens the shaping of the molding by a large number of each other assigned and interacting upper forms of work (Press ram) and lower work forms (drum) all in a substantially horizontal position.
  • the separate arrangement the upper and lower forms of work mostly an excess of the blank is pressed out on all sides, after the shaping either separately using a Knife or the like or for example by a combined Lifting and deburring device must be removed.
  • DE 1 814 230 A also shows a hydraulic press for the production of stones, beams, slabs, posts and others Buildings made of moldable masses that have a thermosetting Plastic surcharge included.
  • a certain amount of the thermosetting building material mixture in one V-shaped holder poured with plates. The plates are then pushed inwards by a jack. Then press a piston head the deformed mass vertically upwards and spends the mass in a heat chamber, the walls of which can be acted upon by steam. The heat hardens it Mass due to the curable plastics contained in it a building block or a building board, which eventually the Chamber can be removed.
  • DE 142 404 C describes a device for Forming plates, building blocks, interlocking tiles or the like made of powdered material.
  • the material will be in an inclined or complete shape vertical position rotated. The actual pressing process takes place but then in a horizontal position after turning the Shape.
  • the object of the invention is based on the prior art based, an apparatus and a method for manufacturing of moldings, in particular roof tile compacts, from blanks, such as chunks of clay or the like places that reduce or eliminate the aforementioned disadvantages, therefore particularly simple in construction are designed and extremely high manufacturing accuracy enable the moldings. Furthermore, a use is intended such a device and such a method for special moldings can be specified.
  • the device according to the invention comprises at least a pair of mutually associated and interacting Forms of work, the two forms of work having an axis or a shaft is assigned and at least one of the two types of work out of or into a position to accommodate one forming blank or for taking a molding into a or from a position for shaping the molding around the axis or wave to or from the other of the two forms of work this can be moved away.
  • the device according to the invention is characterized by a particularly simple and compact Construction.
  • the device according to the invention also provides an extremely high level of manufacturing accuracy of moldings, especially roof tile compacts, safely. So is a shift of the shape image, i.e.
  • the device according to the invention are the measures of the claim 2, the two types of work pivotable on the axis or shaft to arrange, the two forms of work each one in essential horizontal position to accommodate the to be shaped Blank or for removal of the molding and one essentially Take up a vertical position to shape the molding.
  • a shift of the shape image i.e. to the Example of the tile picture, excluded, because the assigned to each other and interacting forms of work directly the (common) axis or shaft are supported.
  • shaping air continues to be contained in the working forms automatically still pressed up. So there are air pockets avoid almost completely.
  • the axis or shaft according to claim 11 preferably via a mechanically, electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically operated Movable drive device.
  • the drive means for displacement the axis of claim 12 at least one pressure cylinder or the like that between the axis and / or the two carriages supporting the axis and the frame of the device or the like acts, making a simple, compact and reliable design is realized.
  • the drive device is for Displacement of the shaft according to the features of the claim 13 provided with a gear arrangement between the Working form / s of the shaft and the two supporting the shaft Sled works. With such a gear arrangement there is a displacement of the shaft and a pivoting at the same time to achieve the mobile form of work without additional drive device.
  • This embodiment of the The device according to the invention is therefore particularly suitable economically.
  • the moldings on the one hand and automation as well as with it associated improved performance in terms of further processing and / or processing of the moldings on the other hand are also the features of claim 19 of the device according to the invention. Accordingly, the forms of work mutually corresponding sides facing away from the axis or shaft, a knife, a scraper, a rack or the like assigned to one expressed during the shaping of the molding Remove excess of the blank, i.e. in particular cut off the top cleaning ridge.
  • the seating area is not sufficient for the moldings, for example the roof tile compacts, in an upright position, it is possible to shape the moldings by appropriate design the work forms with additional (support) webs or the like to be provided, which then also by means of knives, scrapers, Rack or the like can be straightened.
  • the stripper, the rack or the like are the working forms according to claims 20 and 21 in an advantageous manner to the mutually corresponding sides facing away from the axis or shaft with inserts, reinforcements or the like made of wear-resistant Material, especially steel, provided.
  • inserts, reinforcements or the like made of wear-resistant Material, especially steel, provided.
  • the knife is the Wipers, the rack or the like to each other corresponding sides of the work forms facing away from the axis or shaft longitudinally displaceable. That way a simple, fast and possibly automatic as well continuous removal of what is expressed from the working forms Guaranteed excess of the blank or burr.
  • the knife, the scraper, the rack or the like according to the claims 24 and 25 preferably adjustable in height.
  • the knife, the scraper, the rack or the like is therefore versatile can be used and as a result of the respective circumstances the geometry and dimensions of the work forms individually adjusted become. It also allows the knife, the scraper, the rack or the like entirely to move out of or into the field of work forms Introduce area.
  • the knife, the scraper, the rack or the like according to claim 26 the corresponding sides facing away from the axis to design the work forms inclined.
  • the knife, the scraper, the rack or the like according to claim 26 the corresponding sides facing away from the axis to design the work forms inclined.
  • By choosing a cut edge can thus balance the focus for the respective Moldings are made without the moldings being exemplary should be equipped with additional (support) webs.
  • additional (support) webs As a result of such a balance of gravity, a great tipping stability and thus an upright position of the moldings can be achieved without additional precautions.
  • the forms of work according to claim 27 in Range of the corresponding, facing the axis or shaft Provide holes or similar passages on the sides, for any moisture contained in the blank or liquid when shaping the molded product from the working molds to remove.
  • the working forms according to claim 28 each on a press jaw or the like, in particular to be centered, releasably attached, wherein the press jaws themselves can be pivoted about the axis or shaft are.
  • this design draws a much higher one Total lifespan of the device according to the invention themselves, since their robustness is significantly increased.
  • such a structural design simplifies the Change of work forms for maintenance and repair purposes or for exchange through work forms of different geometry or Dimension considerably.
  • the working forms according to claim 29 as metal molds, in particular Steel to train.
  • the invention is designed This makes the process extremely easy. on the other hand can be produced with the methods according to the invention, which have extremely high manufacturing accuracy.
  • claims 33 and 34 serve in a further embodiment the invention of increasing the number of cycles and thus the Improve the performance of the process.
  • Essential for the method according to the invention are further the features of claim 35, according to which at the shaping of the molding from the two working forms on each other corresponding sides facing away from the axis or shaft expressed excess of the blank by a knife, one Scraper, a rack or the like is removed.
  • the features continue to ensure high manufacturing accuracy of claims 36 and 37.
  • the recording of the blank and the The molding can be dispensed by means of suction head devices known per se be carried out, if necessary at the same job, to get a high work cycle.
  • the side unfolded work forms in the essentially horizontal Allow location to rest the blank or to deliver the Shaped use of any suction head devices, for example without a knife and with a foam rubber pad or with knife and power supply.
  • oil or metal molds are used an oily emulsion, water in plaster molds or the like.
  • 1 to 3 is an embodiment in a schematic manner a device 10 according to the invention, those for the production of moldings 12, in particular roof tile moldings, from blanks (not shown), like chunks made of clay or the like.
  • the device 10 comprises at least a pair of working forms 14, 14 'which are mutually exclusive are assigned and interact with each other.
  • the device 10 has a pair of working molds 14, 14 '. there is at least one of the two working forms 14, 14 'from one Position for receiving a blank to be molded (see Fig. 1, left half) or in a position for removing a molding 12 (see Fig. 1, right half) in or from a position to Shaping of the molding 12 (see FIG. 2) about an axis 16 or the same to the other of the two working forms 14, 14 'accordingly Double arrow 18 can be moved to and from this.
  • the two working forms 14, 14 'of the device 10 according to FIGS. 1 to 3 are thus on the axis 16 in accordance with the double arrow 18 pivoted or rotatably arranged.
  • the two forms of work 14, 14 'each take essentially one horizontal position for receiving the blank to be formed or to remove the molding 12 and a substantially vertical Position for shaping the molding 12 a.
  • the two working forms 14, 14 ' also fold upwards directed to.
  • the two work forms are automatically selected 14, 14 'containing air, optionally together with a mostly existing excess of the blank is expressed upwards, while the moisture or moisture contained in the blank Liquid, such as water, automatically goes down can run from the two working forms 14, 14 '.
  • a molded article 12 can be obtained in this way compared to moldings which are based on conventional Were made less air pockets, a larger one Uniformity and therefore better quality having.
  • the Working forms 14, 14 'each have a side facing the axis 16 22, 22 ', a side 24, 24' facing away from the axis 16, which roughly opposite sides 22, 22 ', and two sides 22, 22 'or 24, 24' on sides 26, 26 'connecting one another.
  • the working forms 14, 14 'shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 are each on a press jaw 28, 28 'or the like, advantageously Centered, releasably attached.
  • the support element 34, 34 'extends from the side 36, 36 'of the working molds 14, 14' or press jaws 28, 28 'approximately perpendicularly away from the blank to be molded or molding 12 is facing away.
  • the working forms 14, 14 ' are in any position aligned to each other, but can also be without major assembly work for maintenance or repair purposes easily from above, for example by means of an elevator or Crane, disassemble or assemble and / or through work forms 14, 14 'replace other geometry and dimensions.
  • the movably designed work forms 14, 14 'or press jaws 28, 28 ' are in the embodiment of the device 10 1 to 3 of the axis 16 (essentially) without play added.
  • Sections 32, 32 'are preferred designed fork-shaped, as in connection with other embodiments the device 10 according to the invention below is described in more detail (see. Fig. 5, 7, 12 and 14).
  • the working forms 14, 14 'or press jaws 28, 28' are around Axis 16 via a drive device 38 in the form of pneumatic or hydraulically actuated pressure cylinders 40, 40 ', 42, 42 'or another mechanically or electrically actuable Drive device pivotable.
  • a pivoting of the working molds 14, 14 'or press jaws 28, 28 'takes place in the present embodiment of the device 10 each have an essentially vertical effect Printing cylinder 40, 40 'and a substantially horizontal one Printing cylinders 42, 42 '.
  • the pressure cylinders 40, 40 ' serve primarily the raising and lowering of the forms of work 14, 14 'or press jaws 28, 28'.
  • the pressure cylinders 42, 42 ' however ultimately practice those for shaping the molded article 12 required pressure force on the working forms 14, 14 'or Press jaws 28, 28 '.
  • the pressure cylinder 40, 40 ', 42, 42' for pivoting the two Working forms 14, 14 'or press jaws 28, 28' can be a Achieve dimensioning that requires a high compressive force ensures and is economical at the same time.
  • the working forms 14, 14 'or press jaws 28, 28' are optionally additionally about the axis 16 via a guide device 44 (not in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3 available) pivotable.
  • This guide device 44 (cf. Fig. 4 to 7 and / or Fig. 11 to 14) can each have a guide role 46 and a guide track receiving the guide roller 46 48 include.
  • the guide roller 46 is on the respective Working form 14, 14 'or press jaw 28, 28' articulated.
  • guideway 48 is on frame 20 of the device 10 attached.
  • the pressure cylinders 40, 40 ', 42, 42' of the drive device 38 and the guide rollers 46 of the guide device 44 are each articulated on the support element 34, 34 'or rotatably arranged.
  • the guide rollers 46 move on the Guide track 46 back and forth according to double arrow 50.
  • 1 to 3 is the two working forms 14, 14 ' their corresponding sides facing away from the axis 16 24, 24 'assigned a knife 52 to one during shaping to remove the blank 12 expressed excess of the blank.
  • the deposits 54 consist of wear-resistant material such as steel, steel alloys etc. or other abrasion-resistant material.
  • the outer contour or surface of the inserts 54 of the two working forms 14, 14 'and the cutting surface or cutting edge of the Knife 52, which may be when removing the excess come into contact with each other, are in their form on each other Voted. This ensures that the two sides 24, 24 'facing away from axis 16 when removing the Get a clean and straight cut edge that on the respective molding 12 with a certain geometry, Dimension and center of gravity is adjusted.
  • the knife 52 is in relation to the mutually corresponding axis 16 facing sides 24, 24 'of the two working forms 14, 14' according to Double arrow 56 (see. Fig. 8 to 10) designed to be longitudinally displaceable.
  • the knife 52 is on a carriage 58 appropriate.
  • the carriage 58 is of at least one guide element in the form of a guide rod, guide rail or The like along the corresponding axis 16 facing sides 24, 24 'of the two working forms 14, 14' slidably added.
  • the one shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 Embodiment of the device 10 according to the invention are two Guide elements 60 are provided that are mutually and preferably opposite the sides 24, 24 'of the working forms facing away from the axis 16 14, 14 'are aligned in parallel.
  • the knife 52 is opposite to the two working forms 14, 14 'adjustable in height according to double arrow 62.
  • the two guide elements 60 for the carriage 58 which the knife 52 carries, over the ends 63 in two further slides 64 or the like supported.
  • the slides 64 are each of at least one guide element 66 in the form of a guide rod, Guide rail or the like added height adjustable.
  • the device 10 according to the invention are each two Guide elements 66 are provided for a carriage 64 that face each other are arranged in parallel.
  • the knife 52 with respect to the corresponding axis 16 opposite sides 24, 24 'of the two working forms 14, 14' additionally adjustable according to double arrow 68 (diagonal). To this Way, the cut edge when removing the excess be set against the horizontal by the knife 52, to, for example, the respective focus or the adjusted weight ratios of the molded article 12 adapted to become.
  • FIG. 4 to 8 is a further embodiment of the device 10 according to the invention.
  • the axis 16 from or in the position to accommodate a blank to be molded or to remove a molding 12 in or out of the position for shaping the molding 12 according to Double arrow 70 movable, in particular displaceable, formed.
  • the direction of movement of axis 16 essentially falls with a plane perpendicular to the leaf plane 72 together, which of the two working forms 14, 14 'at Shape of the molding 12 is clamped.
  • the axis 16 is therefore when pivoting the at least one Working form 14, 14 'or press jaws 28, 28' in essentially slidable in the vertical direction, i.e. can be raised or lowered, educated.
  • the axis 16 is above their End 74 supported in two carriages 76 or the like.
  • the two carriages 76 are each of at least one guide element 78 in the form of a guide rod, guide rail or the like slidably added. 4 to 8 illustrated embodiment of the device according to the invention 10 two guide elements 78 are provided, which are arranged parallel to each other.
  • the axis 16 itself is connected via a mechanical, electrical, pneumatic or hydraulically operated drive device 80 movable.
  • the drive device 80 comprises for displacement the axis 16 at least one pressure cylinder 82, the preferably on a pneumatic or hydraulic basis is retractable.
  • One end 84 of the pressure cylinder 82 is there with the axis 16 and / or one or the two the axis 16 supporting carriage 76 connected.
  • the other end 86 of the In contrast, printing cylinder 82 is supported on the frame 20 of the Device 10 from.
  • the pressure cylinder 82 is used for lifting and Lowering the working forms 14, 14 'or press jaws 28, 28'.
  • the pivoting or turning or folding of the working molds 14, 14 'or press jaws 28, 28' takes place in the exemplary embodiment the device 10 according to FIGS. 4 to 8 each by means of a Drive device 38 in the form of a substantially horizontal acting pressure cylinder 88 and a guide device 44 with a guide roller 46 and one receiving the guide roller 46 Guideway 48.
  • the guideway 48 of the guide device 44 is also essentially horizontal.
  • the pressure cylinder 88 are for the application of the Shaping the molding 12 necessary pressure on the work forms 14, 14 'or press jaws 28, 28' are provided.
  • the Guide device 42 enables kinematic coupling between the essentially vertical impression cylinder 82 for raising or lowering the axis 16 and the substantially horizontally acting pressure cylinder 88.
  • FIGS. 4 to 8 10 differs from that of FIGS. 1 to 3 finally by the fact that the carriage 64 for height adjustment of the knife 52 relative to the working forms 14, 14 'in each case directly from the two arranged parallel to each other Guide elements 78 in the form of a guide rod, guide rail or the like are slidably received.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 and 4 to 8 are also identical Provide reference numbers.
  • the embodiment of the device 10 according to FIG. 8 differs differs from that of FIGS. 4 to 7 only thereby, as instead of a knife 52 for removing the at the shape of the molding 12 expressed excess of Blank a rack 90 is provided.
  • a wiper 92 or the like for removal of any excess expressed.
  • a device 10 is shown schematically in FIG. 10 shown, in contrast to the embodiments of the Device 10 according to FIGS. 1 to 3 or 4 to 8 not only one Couple, but a total of three arranged side by side on the axis 16 Forms of work 14, 14 'are realized that each other are assigned and interact with each other.
  • FIGS. 11 to 14 finally show yet another advantageous one Embodiment of the device 10 according to the invention.
  • the axis is 16 the previously described embodiments by a shaft 94 replaced by a mechanically actuated drive device 80 corresponding to that embodiment of FIG. 4 to 8 is displaceable.
  • the drive device 80 for displacing the shaft 94 has a gear assembly 96 on between the movable work forms 14, 14 'or press jaws 28, 28', the shaft 94 and acts on the two slides 76 supporting the shaft 94.
  • the shaft 94 is formed in two parts. Part 98 of the shaft 94 is unsolvable with the one working mold 14 or press jaw 28 connected. The other part 98 'of the shaft 94 is with the other Working form 14 'or press jaw 28' firmly connected.
  • One part 98 of the shaft 94 is a hollow shaft and the other Part 98 'of the shaft 94 is designed as a solid shaft, the Solid shaft in the hollow shaft is taken up essentially without play is.
  • the gear arrangement 96 has at least one rack 100 and a gear meshing with the rack 100 102 on.
  • the rack 100 is on one of the two slides 76 the shaft 94 attached.
  • the gear 102 is on one part 98 of the shaft 94 rotatably attached.
  • the gear arrangement 96 is equipped with at least one another rack 104 and an additional one with the other Rack 104 engaged gear 106 provided.
  • the rack 104 is also on one of the two slides 76 attached.
  • the gear 106 is in turn on the other Part 98 'of the shaft 94 rotatably mounted.
  • Device 10 comprises the gear arrangement 96 two each Racks 100, 104 on each of the two supporting shaft 94 Carriage 76 and two each engaged with it Gears 102, 106 on the two parts 98, 98 'of the shaft 94.
  • the gear arrangement 96 can thus be raised or lowered the shaft 94 on additional drive devices, such as Example the vertically acting pressure cylinder 82 in the embodiment the device 10 according to FIGS.
  • impression cylinder 88 is driven by gear arrangement 96 achieved that on the one hand the shaft 94 lifts automatically or lowered and on the other hand the flexible forms of work 14, 14 'or press jaws 28, 28' automatically around the shaft 94 swivel or turn or fold.
  • the embodiments can Forms of work 14, 14 'in the area of pages 22, 22', which correspond to each other and face the axis 16 or shaft 94 are with bores 108 or the like passages be provided to moisture or liquid, which in the Shaping of the molding 12 has emerged quickly and completely to remove.
  • the working forms 14, 14 'can have edge strips 110 in the area of the corresponding sides 22, 22 ', 24, 24', 26, 26 'of the working forms 14, 14'.
  • the working forms 14, 14 'can also be used as Metal molds, in particular made of steel, be formed, wherein a degree of cleaning only in the area of the sides facing each other 22, 22 'during the actual shaping of the molding 12 arises, which then by means of a knife 52 or a rack 90 can be removed for example.
  • the working forms 14, 14 'can finally each comprise a lining 112, in particular made of plaster or the like Imprint material exists.
  • 16a and 16b show the working forms 14, 14 'accordingly 8 and 9 in an enlarged view.
  • the device 10 according to the invention easily for the production of differently shaped Flat tiles 114, 116 or also from special tiles such as verge tiles 118, use.
  • moldings 12 in particular of roof tile compacts from blanks, such as chunks of clay or the like, with at least one pair of mutually associated and interacting forms of work 14, 14 'is the molding 12 from the two working forms 14, 14 'in a substantially vertical position in Formed.
  • the blank to be formed is preferably of at least one of the two working forms 14, 14 'in one substantially horizontal position is recorded or the molding 12 removed in a substantially horizontal position.
  • At least one of the two working forms 14, 14 ' is thereby eliminated the or in the position for receiving the blank to be formed or to remove the molding 12 in or out of the position for Shaping of the molded article 12 about the axis 16 or shaft 94 the other of the two working forms 14, 14 'according to double arrow 18 1 and 2 moved to or away.
  • the device 10 becomes the blank to be molded taken up by one of the two working forms 14, 14 'and the molding 12 is replaced by the other of the two working forms 14, 14 'removed.
  • the blank to be molded is made on one of the two working forms 14, 14 'placed by means of a suction head device while the molding 12 from the other of the two working forms 14, 14 'removed by means of the or a further suction head device becomes.
  • the molding 12 can simultaneously when removing from the working form 14, 14 'by means of a knife or the like on at least one of the sides 22, 22 ', 24, 24 ', 26, 26' of the working shape 14, 14 'are deburred, for example by means of a lifting and deburring device, such as already proposed by the applicant.
  • the device and the method according to the invention are not limited to the embodiments described above by way of example. So it is quite conceivable to work forms 14, 14 ' on other than the corresponding, the axis 16 or 94 side facing away from the knife, the scraper, the Rack or the like also for removing one at the Assign the shape of the molded product to the 12 expressed excess.

Claims (39)

  1. Dispositif pour fabriquer des briques crues (12), notamment des tuiles pressées, à partir de galettes en argile ou similaire au moyen d'au moins une paire de formes de travail (14, 14') associées et coopérant entre elles, caractérisé en ce qu'un axe (16) ou un arbre (94) est associé aux deux formes de travail (14, 14') et en ce qu'on peut déplacer au moins une des deux formes de travail (14, 14') depuis ou vers une position destinée à recevoir une galette à former ou destinée à enlever une brique crue moulée (12) ou de se déplacer vers ou depuis une position destinée à former une brique crue moulée (12), c'est à dire qu'il est possible de 10 déplacer une des deux formes de travail autour de l'axe (16) ou de l'arbre (94) vers ou depuis (18) l'autre des deux formes de travail (14, 14').
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les deux formes de travail (14, 14') sont disposées de façon pivotante (18) sur l'axe (16) ou sur l'arbre (94); les deux formes de 15 travail (14, 14') prenant chaque fois une position essentiellement horizontale destinée à recevoir la galette à former ou à enlever la brique crue moulée (12) et les deux formes prenant une position essentiellement verticale pour former une brique crue moulée (12).
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la ou les forme(s) de travail 20 (14, 14') peut/peuvent être reçue(s) essentiellement sans jeu sur l'axe (16) ou sur l'arbre (94).
  4. Dispositif selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la/les forme(s) de travail (14, 14') est/sont articulée(s) sur l'axe (16) ou sur l'arbre (94) au moyen de tronçons (32, 25 32') ou similaire, notamment en forme fourche, tournés vers l'axe (16) ou vers l'arbre (94), lesquels tronçons fixent essentiellement sans jeu les deux formes de travail (14, 14') axiallement l'une par rapport à l'autre sur l'axe (16) ou sur l'arbre (94).
  5. Dispositif selon une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la/les forme(s) de travail 30 (14, 14') peut/peuvent être pivotée(s) autour de l'axe (16) ou de l'arbre (94) au moyen d'un dispositif d'entraínement (38), notamment d'un cylindre compresseur (40, 40', 42, 42') ou similaire, susceptible d'être actionné de manière mécanique, électrique, pneumatique ou hydraulique.
  6. Dispositif selon une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la/les forme(s) de travail (14, 14') peut/peuvent être pivotée(s) autour de l'axe (16) ou de l'arbre (94) au moyen d'un dispositif de guidage (44) comportant chaque fois sur la forme de travail (14, 14') respective un rouleau de guidage (46) articulé et une piste de guidage (48) disposée sur le cadre (20) du 5 dispositif (10) ou similaire et recevant le rouleau de guidage (46).
  7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'entraínement (38), notamment un cylindre compresseur (40, 40', 42, 42') ou similaire, et le rouleau de guidage (46) du dispositif de guidage (44) sont disposés de manière articulée ou pivotant chaque fois 10 sur un élément d'appuie (34, 34') ou similaire s'étendant depuis le côté (36, 36') de la/des forme (s) de travail (14, 14') détourné de la galette à former ou de la brique crue moulée (12).
  8. Dispositif selon une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'axe (16) ou l'arbre (94) peut être déplacé, notamment coulissé (flèche double), depuis ou vers une position destinée 15 à recevoir une galette à former ou destinée à enlever une brique crue moulée (12) en direction d'un plan (72) commun formé par les deux formes de travail (14, 14') à l'occasion de la formation des briques crues moulées (12).
  9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que l'axe (16) ou l'arbre (94) sont 20 susceptibles d'être coulissés au cours du pivotement d'au moins une forme de travail (14, 14') dans une direction essentiellement verticale.
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que l'axe (16) ou l'arbre (94) sont supportés par leurs extrémités (74) dans deux chariots (76) ou similaires qui sont reçus de 25 manière coulissante chaque fois par au moins un, de préférence deux, éléments de guidage (78), notamment des tiges de guidage, des rails de guidage ou similaire, disposés de manière parallèle l'un par rapport à l'autre.
  11. Dispositif selon une des revendications 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que l'axe (16) ou l'arbre 30 (94) peuvent être coulissés au moyen d'un dispositif d'entraínement (80), notamment d'un cylindre compresseur (40, 40', 42, 42') ou similaire, susceptible d'être actionné de manière mécanique, électrique, pneumatique ou hydraulique.
  12. Dispositif selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'entraínement (80) comporte au moins un cylindre compresseur (82) ou similaire destiné à coulisser l'axe (16), lequel cylindre agit entre l'axe (16) et/ou les deux chariots (76) supportant l'axe (16) ainsi que le cadre (20) du dispositif (10).
  13. Dispositif selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'entraínement (80) comporte une disposition d'engrenage (96) destinée à coulisser l'arbre (94), laquelle disposition agit entre la/les forme(s) de travail (14, 14') de l'arbre (94) et les deux chariots (76) supportant l'arbre (94).
  14. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que l'arbre (94) est formé de manière à être séparé en deux ; une partie (98) de l'arbre (94) étant liée fixement à une (14) des formes de travail (14, 14') et l'autre partie (98') de l'arbre (94) étant liée fixement à l'autre (14') des formes de travail (14, 14').
  15. Dispositif selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce qu'une partie (98) de l'arbre (94) est réalisée en tant qu'arbre creux et que l'autre partie (98') de l'arbre (94) est réalisée en tant qu'arbre plein; l'arbre plein étant reçu essentiellement sans jeu dans l'arbre creux.
  16. Dispositif selon une des revendications 13 à 15, caractérisé en ce que la disposition d'engrenage (96) comporte au moins une tige dentée (100) fixée sur un des deux chariots (76) et une roue dentée (102) fixée sur une partie (98) de l'arbre (94) et s'engrenant dans la tige dentée (100) et en ce que ladite disposition d'engrenage comporte également au moins une autre tige dentée (104) fixée sur un des deux chariots (76) et une roue dentée (106) fixée sur l'autre partie (98') de l'arbre (94) et s'engrenant dans l'autre tige dentée (104).
  17. Dispositif selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que la disposition d'engrenage (96) comporte chaque fois deux tiges dentées (100, 104) sur chacun des deux chariots (76) supportant l'arbre (76) et deux roues dentées (102, 106) sur les deux parties (98, 98') s'engrenant chaque fois dans lesdites tiges.
  18. Dispositif selon une des revendications 8 à 17, caractérisé en ce que la/les forme(s) de travail (14, 14') peut/peuvent être pivotée(s) autour de l'axe (16) ou autour de l'arbre (94) au moyen d'un dispositif d'entraínement (38), notamment d'un cylindre compresseur (40, 40', 42, 42') ou similaire, susceptible d'être actionné de manière mécanique, électrique, pneumatique ou hydraulique et au moyen d'un dispositif de guidage (44) notamment d'un rouleau de guidage (46) et une piste de guidage (48) recevant le rouleau de guidage (46); lesquels dispositifs agissent essentiellement de manière perpendiculaire par rapport à la direction de mouvement de l'axe (16) ou de l'arbre (94).
  19. Dispositif selon une des revendications 1 à 18, caractérisé en ce qu'aux formes de travail (14, 14') sont associées sur les côtés respectifs détournés de l'axe (16) ou de l'arbre (94) un couteau (52), un racleur (92) une tige dentée (90) ou similaires destinés à enlever le surplus de la galette (12) pressé à l'occasion de la formation de la brique crue moulée (12).
  20. Dispositif selon la revendication 19, caractérisé en ce que les formes de travail (14, 14') sont pourvues sur les côtés respectifs (24, 24') détournés de l'axe (16) ou de l'arbre (94) d'inserts (54),de renforcements ou similaires dans un matériau ne craignant pas l'usure, notamment de l'acier pour protéger lesdites formes contre le couteau (52), le racleur (92) la tige dentée (90) ou similaire.
  21. Dispositif selon la revendication 20, caractérisé en ce que les inserts (54), les renforcements ou similaires des formes de travail (14, 14') présentent un contour extérieur tourné vers le couteau (52), le racleur (94), la tige dentée ou similaire, lequel contour est adapté à celui du couteau (52), du racleur , de la tige dentée ou similaire et vice-versa.
  22. Dispositif selon une des revendications 19 à 21, caractérisé en ce que le couteau (52), le racleur (94), la tige dentée (90) ou similaire peuvent être coulissés de manière longitudinale par rapport aux côtés (24, 24') respectifs des formes de travail (14, 14') détournées de l'axe (16).
  23. Dispositif selon la revendication 22, caractérisé en ce que le couteau (52), le racleur (94), la tige dentée (90) ou similaire sont fixés sur un chariot (58) qui est reçu de manière coulissante le long des côtés (24, 24') respectifs détournés de l'axe (16) ou de l'arbre (94) des deux formes de travail (14, 14') par au moins un élément de guidage (60), de préférence deux éléments de guidage (60), notamment des tiges de guidage, des rails de guidage ou similaire, disposés l'un par rapport à l'autre de manière parallèle.
  24. Dispositif selon une des revendications 19 à 23, caractérisé en ce que le couteau (52), le racleur (94), la tige dentée (90) ou similaire peuvent être réglés en hauteur par rapport aux deux formes de travail (14, 14').
  25. Dispositif selon la revendication 23 ou 24, caractérisé en ce que les deux éléments de guidage (60) pour le chariot (58) portant le couteau (52), le racleur (92), la tige dentée (90) ou similaire sont supportés par les extrémités (63) des éléments de guidage dans deux chariots (64) ou similaires qui sont reçus de manière réglable en hauteur chaque fois par au moins un, de préférence, deux éléments de guidage disposés de manière parallèle l'un par rapport à l'autre, notamment des tiges de guidage, des rails de guidage ou similaire.
  26. Dispositif selon une des revendications 19 à 25, caractérisé en ce que le couteau (52), le racleur (92), la tige dentée (90) ou similaire peuvent être placés en biais par rapport aux côtés (24, 24') respectifs détournés de l'axe (16) des formes de travail (14, 14').
  27. Dispositif selon une des revendications 1 à 26, caractérisé en ce qu'aux formes de travail (14, 14') sont associés dans la zone des côtés respectifs (22, 22') tournés vers l'axe (16) ou vers l'arbre (94) des alésages (108) ou des passages similaires destinés à évacuer le liquide généré au cours de la formation de la brique crue moulée (12).
  28. Dispositif selon une des revendications 1 à 27, caractérisé en ce que la/les forme(s) de travail (14, 14') est/sont fixé(s) chaque fois sur une mâchoire de pression (28, 28') ou similaire notamment centré(s) de manière précise(s) et mobile(s) comportant notamment une plaque porteuse (30, 30') recevant la forme de travail (14, 14') respective; la mâchoire comporte également le tronçon (32, 32') notamment en forme de fourche et tourné vers l'axe (16) ou vers l'arbre (94) et l'élément de support (34, 34') contigu à la plaque porteuse (30, 30').
  29. Dispositif selon une des revendication 1 à 28, caractérisé en ce que les formes de travail (14, 14') sont réalisées en tant que formes métalliques, notamment en acier.
  30. Dispositif selon une des revendications 1 à 28, caractérisé en ce que les formes de travail (14, 14') comportent chaque fois une garniture (112) notamment en plâtre ou dans un matériau similaire.
  31. Procédé pour fabriquer des briques crues moulées (12) selon les revendications 1 à 30 au moyen d'un dispositif, notamment des tuiles pressées, à partir de galettes en argile ou similaire au moyen d'au moins une paire de formes de travail (14, 14') associées et coopérant entre elles, la brique crue moulée(12) étant formée au moyen des deux formes de travail (14, 14') dans une position essentiellement perpendiculaire.
  32. Procédé selon la revendication 31, caractérisé en ce que la galette à former est reçue par au moins une des deux formes de travail (14, 14') dans une position essentiellement horizontale ou en ce que la brique crue moulée(12) est enlevée dans une position essentiellement horizontale.
  33. Procédé selon la revendication 31 ou 32, caractérisé en ce qu'on déplace autour de l'axe (16) ou de l'arbre (94) vers ou depuis (18) l'autre des deux formes de travail (14, 14') au moins une des deux formes de travail (14, 14') étant susceptibles de se déplacer depuis ou vers une position destinée à recevoir une galette à former ou destinée à enlever une brique crue moulée(12) ou destinée à se déplacer vers ou depuis une position destinée à former une brique crue moulée (12).
  34. Procédé selon une des revendications 31 à 33, caractérisé en ce que la galette à former est reçue par une des deux formes de travail (14, 14') et en ce que la brique crue moulée(12) est enlevée de l'autre des formes de travail (14, 14').
  35. Procédé selon une des revendications 31 à 34, caractérisé en ce qu'un surplus de la galette pressé au cours de la formation de la brique crue moulée(12) à partir des formes de travail (14, 14') sur des côtés respectifs (24, 24') détournés de l'axe (16) ou de l'arbre (94) est enlevé par un couteau (52), un racleur (92) une tige dentée (90) ou similaires.
  36. Procédé selon une des revendications 31 à 35, caractérisé en ce que la galette à former est posée sur une des formes de travail (14, 14') au moyen d'un dispositif à tête d'aspiration et en ce que la brique crue moulée (12) est enlevée de l'autre des formes de travail (14, 14') au moyen du ou d'un dispositif à tête d'aspiration supplémentaire.
  37. Procédé selon la revendication 36, caractérisé en ce que la brique crue moulée(12) est ébarbée lorsqu'elle est enlevée de la forme de travail (14') en même temps d'un couteau ou similaire sur au moins un des côtés (22, 22', 24, 24', 26, 26') des formes de travail (14, 14').
  38. Procédé selon une des revendications 31 à 37, caractérisé en ce que les formes de travail (14, 14') sont aspergées avant la réception de la galette d'un liquide ou d'une émulsion contenant de l'huile, de l'eau ou similaire destinés à faciliter la séparation de la brique crue moulée(12) des formes de travail (14, 14') après sa formation .
  39. Utilisation d'un dispositif selon une des revendications 1 à 30, ou d'un procédé selon une des revendications 31 à 38 pour la fabrication de tuiles et/ou des tuiles spéciales comme par exemple des tuiles de rive.
EP98113108A 1997-07-18 1998-07-14 Dispositif et procédé pour la fabrication d'éléments pressés Expired - Lifetime EP0893218B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19730980A DE19730980C1 (de) 1997-07-18 1997-07-18 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formlingen
DE19730980 1997-07-18

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EP0893218A1 EP0893218A1 (fr) 1999-01-27
EP0893218B1 true EP0893218B1 (fr) 2002-09-04

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DE (2) DE19730980C1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10152114A1 (de) * 2001-10-23 2003-04-30 Dorst Masch & Anlagen Pressenanordnung, insbesondere zum Pressen von keramischen Presslingen
CN117507129B (zh) * 2024-01-04 2024-03-26 广东朗道建材科技有限公司 一种用于蒸养后加气混凝土坯体的掰分机构

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US3548452A (en) * 1967-12-20 1970-12-22 Abram Godwin Caleb Extrusion apparatus for fabricating building units
DE19547612C2 (de) * 1995-12-20 2000-05-25 Moll Gmbh Maschinenbau Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Zuführen von Tonbatzen zu einer Dachziegelpresse

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DE59805383D1 (de) 2002-10-10
DE19730980C1 (de) 1998-10-01
EP0893218A1 (fr) 1999-01-27
ATE223284T1 (de) 2002-09-15

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