EP0876292A1 - Mobilkran - Google Patents
MobilkranInfo
- Publication number
- EP0876292A1 EP0876292A1 EP97902203A EP97902203A EP0876292A1 EP 0876292 A1 EP0876292 A1 EP 0876292A1 EP 97902203 A EP97902203 A EP 97902203A EP 97902203 A EP97902203 A EP 97902203A EP 0876292 A1 EP0876292 A1 EP 0876292A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mobile crane
- turntable
- axis
- boom
- width
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
- B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
- B66F9/065—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks non-masted
- B66F9/0655—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks non-masted with a telescopic boom
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
- B66C23/36—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes
- B66C23/42—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes with jibs of adjustable configuration, e.g. foldable
Definitions
- the invention relates to a mobile crane and its use for stacking containers.
- the container hangs on a bridge in a cable-operated load suspension device (spreader).
- Containers can be placed on a stack within the bridge width of the gantry crane.
- Such devices can also have single-wheel drive and all-wheel steering with steering locks of up to 45 or 90 degrees in a roadworthy design.
- the drive energy is generated by diesel aggregates and converted by diesel-hydraulic or diesel-electric for speeds of 90 m / min in horizontal travel and 40 m / min for trolley travel.
- These devices are relatively slow and, because of the oscillating suspension of the load suspension devices, require exact control of the stacking place by two-axis travel of the device and the trolley.
- Container stacking spaces in a row cannot be served if the bridge is smaller than the width of the containers next to each other, because then the gantry crane cannot get over the container.
- a telescopic boom is arranged in the longitudinal center axis, which is mounted above the rear axle in a luffing joint approximately at the height of the driver's cabin.
- a support cylinder mounted movably on the vehicle chassis between the two axles or optionally at the height of the front axle, the luffing axle is brought into a more or less steep ejection position.
- this stacker has either a rope hoist or a special load handling and lifting device designed for container transport.
- This vehicle which has a driver's cab below or to the side of the boom, can be used in front of the
- Front axle of the chassis Containers are picked up, stacked and also kept for horizontal travel.
- the container can also be held in the area above the front axle during the horizontal travel in the steepest boom position, but 20 ' or longer containers protrude laterally considerably over the width of the vehicle.
- the vehicles have a rear steerable axle, so that it is possible to swivel into stacking aisles at a container location. Due to the type of construction or the type of holding the container, the routes must have a width of 13 m or more if containers of the 40 ' class are to be transported and / or stacked.
- the tramline must also be dimensioned so wide because these stackers can only stack in front of the front axle and must therefore always be positioned across the container stacking area.
- railway cranes are known from railway technology, which, like the stackers, are equipped with telescopic booms and a luffing gear.
- Appropriate counterweights can be used to lift large loads in the case of large outreaches, but only one stacking station next to the tracks can be served when traveling by rail. Due to the narrow width of the vehicle, which is typical for railroads, the counterweights generally protrude far beyond the track when the slewing rings are moved in the transverse position with the boom.
- Vehicle have a turntable above the rear axle or between the axles (DE-C3 2544525, EP-A-0611725), which is also provided with counterweights for a telescopic boom with luffing mechanism, and an operator cabin.
- a swiveling operator's cab can be used for horizontal travel as well as for crane operation.
- Such mobile cranes can be driven at speeds of 60 km / h or more, but can only be used for stacking at stationary locations. Due to the design, no horizontal transport of containers can be carried out with such vehicles, since the stability of the vehicle does not allow this and during the
- the invention is therefore based on the problem of proposing a mobile crane for stacking and horizontally transporting containers and similar loads even on unpaved terrain, in which the disadvantages of the devices according to the prior art are avoided, but the advantages of the individual types of vehicle are used and in which a maximum possible load dimension can be managed with the smallest possible device dimensions, with the smallest possible maneuvering effort and high stability.
- the ratio of stacking space to the necessary stacking aisle should be as large as possible for reasons of space economy.
- the solution is characterized by the fact that, starting from a normal mobile crane with telescopic boom, the latter is modified in such a way that the wheel axles are provided with steerable wheels, so that a very small turning circle is created and a turntable is provided which, together with the superstructures, has a maximum width of the vehicle has, but at most the width of the
- Vehicle including the wheels when the steering is turned and the turntable is arranged centrally between the wheel axles, that is also in the center of the undercarriage.
- This solution enables the vehicle to be maneuverable in all directions about the longitudinal and transverse axes of the crane, which is considerably higher than the previously known stacking cranes and can only be compared with the maneuverability of the portal cranes for container handling.
- An essential purpose of the central arrangement of the turntable is the central introduction of all static forces and thus an even load distribution on all wheel axles of the vehicle, be it two, four or six axles. This load increase for the crane relieves the load on the individual axles or reduces the tire load at maximum load.
- the support cylinder is coupled to the turntable on a radial between the center of the turntable and the position of the rocking axis projected onto the turntable. This creates a lot of space between the jib in its steepest jib position and the opposite edge of the undercarriage and the container can be kept in the resulting clearance profile during horizontal transport.
- each wheel axle or, for increased maneuverability or off-road requirements each wheel is driven individually and can be individually adjusted in its pivoting direction, preferably with a steering angle of up to 45 degrees or even 90 degrees.
- the mobile crane can also be moved in the "crab aisle" when all the wheels of the mobile crane are turned evenly. This makes maneuvering very tight Rooms possible.
- the vehicle is preferably equipped with an autonomous travel drive for horizontal travel, e.g. provided a diesel unit, the axle drives and / or the individual wheel drives via appropriate converters and
- Hydraulic pumps can be realized as sensitive hydraulic drives.
- the drive energy can be used for the lifting functions of the device, e.g. the hydraulic cylinder of the telescopic extractor and the support cylinder, which is preferably designed as a hydraulic cylinder.
- the self-sufficient hydraulic pumps can be realized as sensitive hydraulic drives.
- the drive energy can be used for the lifting functions of the device, e.g. the hydraulic cylinder of the telescopic extractor and the support cylinder, which is preferably designed as a hydraulic cylinder.
- the drive can also be converted into electrical energy via a generator in order to provide the necessary energy for the drives and lighting or other sub-functions, provided that this is not possible using batteries.
- these sub-functions also include the option of rotating the operator's cab on the rotary table, which can also be swiveled hydraulically, in order to be able to swivel it from a lateral loading position to a forward-facing horizontal travel position and to provide the driver with a corresponding view .
- provision can also be made to move the cabin vertically on the turntable into a position that enables the driver to optimally handle the device. If there is little available space, the driver's seat can, as is known per se, only be pivoted in the cabin.
- the mobile crane according to the invention a number of advantages can be used when stacking containers, namely a high level of stability, an even wheel load and, as a result, a relatively favorably distributed ground pressure of the device.
- the driver always has a perfect view of the route and the stacking area, the horizontal transport can be carried out at a higher speed than with conventional stackers and for maneuvering to the container parking spaces or in the stacking alley can be saved a lot of time by turning the steering wheel accordingly.
- Containers take up less space than with state-of-the-art devices. Furthermore, the handling capacity of such a device is increased because, due to the narrower aisles, shorter distances for horizontal transport are naturally also created, and there is also no maneuvering time and higher driving speeds are noticeable in terms of performance.
- the truck With four axes, the truck has a length / width ratio of approximately two. The width results from the width of the containers to be transported, whose long center of gravity lies above the undercarriage with a small safety distance of 10-30%, preferably with at least 70% of its width, and the width of the holding elements of the boom and support cylinder or luffing gear.
- Additive can be provided to improve the stability of the undercarriage by means of transverse and longitudinal stabilizers and also to protect the tires by ensuring that the undercarriage is not inclined due to the tire deflection. Also during the container transport, the support on the Unterwage ⁇ - if the container is set down at all - can be attached in such a way that even load is applied to the undercarriage here.
- the turntable can be pivoted through 360 ° in the undercarriage by means of a rotating ring or friction gear.
- the necessary hydraulic and electrical control lines for the lifting functions and crane operation are routed centrally through the slewing ring.
- the boom arranged specifically at the front edge of the turntable, while the rear edge - as seen by the driver - is reserved for the placement of the counterweights and the luffing axis of the boom and the support cylinder.
- An optimal use of space is achieved through a multi-part design of the counterweights.
- the counterweights can also be provided at the same time as lateral support stands for a luffing axis for the boom, which is arranged approximately at the height of the roof of the driver's cabin. This high position of the luffing joint enables a standard container to be gripped with the help of the spreader, which has its stacking space directly on the floor next to the mobile crane.
- the "front" edge of the turntable is limited by the clearance profile required for picking up a container from the ground, which is limited inwards by the lower edge of the container during its pick-up and swivel movement in the direction of the vehicle axis.
- the vehicle can also be equipped with safety technology, preferably with electronic sensors, which takes into account both the limitation of the tire load and the stability depending on the boom position, both its rocking position and its extension length.
- safety technology preferably with electronic sensors, which takes into account both the limitation of the tire load and the stability depending on the boom position, both its rocking position and its extension length.
- Other critical stability parameters such as the inclination of the undercarriage in the longitudinal and transverse directions and the position of the driver's cabin can be included in the monitoring.
- the telescopic boom is designed so that a
- Containers can be picked up directly to the side of the mobile crane, while its maximum extension position must be adapted to the maximum stack height.
- the support cylinder can be arranged so that it is almost parallel to the boom in the steepest boom position, so that there is a maximum free space in the longitudinal direction above the undercarriage for container transport.
- FIG. 1 shows a side view of a mobile crane
- Fig. 1 shows the mobile crane with four axes F 1 to F 4, which carry an undercarriage U.
- a turntable D is arranged centrally on the undercarriage U and has a 360 ° swivel range.
- the driver's cabin K with a rotational degree of freedom KR and a vertical degree of freedom KV and the counterweight G are arranged on the turntable.
- the telescopic boom in the transverse axis QA, the support cylinder Z, the load handling device L and the spreader S can be seen between the two elements.
- the spreader S holds a 40 ' container 1 or alternatively - dashed - a smaller 20 ' container 6 in the transport position in the longitudinal direction to the undercarriage U.
- FIG. 2 shows the mobile crane according to FIG. 1 in a front view in its entire width b, which corresponds to approximately half the length I of the vehicle.
- the undercarriage is connected via the turntable D to the superstructures, which are all arranged on the turntable or turntable D.
- the driver's cabin K can be seen here in the loading position, as in Fig. 1.
- Between the counterweights G is an axis W as a luffing axis for the boom A arranged, which - here consisting of the telescopic parts A 1 and A 3 - is drawn with the associated extension positions S 1 and S 3 for the swivel joint of the spreader S.
- the load suspension device L is non-rotatable as a connection to the load attachment device, the spreader S shown, both by the swivel joint or swivel joint S
- the support cylinder Z is mounted on the turntable at a point on a projection line which is between the center of the turntable, represented by the longitudinal axis LA and the rocking axis arranged radially on the outside of the turntable
- the cylinder CLOSED bearing is pivotally coupled to the turntable.
- the other end of the support cylinder is connected in the swivel joint ZO to the lower section A1 of the telescopic boom A.
- the rocking angle WW shown as the line of motion of the pivot point ZO, until the boom A is in the horizontal position, represented by the position of the pivot bearing S 4 of the spreader S for receiving the Containers 4 from the ground next to the mobile crane.
- the further dash-dotted lines SW 1, SW 3 and SW 5 indicate the different swivel angles of the associated spreader swivel axes S 1, S 3, S 5.
- Cantilever A and luffing angle WW can be used to hold the containers 1, 2, 3, 4 in the different receiving positions and / or to move them outside the clearance profile LP.
- the position of the container 1 is the transport position for this container, as is also shown in FIG. 1. From this Fig. 2 it is easy to see that it is very important that the luffing axis W and the attachment point ZU - boom A and cylinder Z are shown here in the steepest position - as far as possible outside the center or the vehicle longitudinal axis LA to the edge of the Be placed vehicle so that the container 1 comes as far as possible over the projection surface of the undercarriage U in the transport position.
- Fig. 3 shows only the undercarriage U of the mobile crane with the different chassis axes F1 to F4 (Fig. 2), to the individually steerable Wheels FR are coupled.
- the 40 ' container 1 is also shown to illustrate the vehicle dimensions and the transport movement.
- the load is introduced via the theoretical load introduction point as the intersection between the transverse axis QA and the longitudinal axis LA via the turntable D shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in the undercarriage U.
- the undercarriage distributes the load evenly over the axes F, which may also be used for this suitable and known differential gears, handlebars and / or transducers FA are provided so that the axle loads can be transmitted evenly.
- axes F1 and F2 can also be assigned to a common turntable UD; in the same way, the axles F3 and F4 lying at the rear in the direction of travel can also be coupled via a common turntable.
- the wheel position of each axle should be controllable separately, preferably each wheel, as shown on axles F1 and F4 in FIG. 3, can be individually adjustable. This very agile vehicle has a width of the
- This dimension b2 is slightly smaller than the width b4 of a route in the curve, where b4 represents the narrowest route width for the undercarriage U, while b6 includes the wheel position for the narrowest route width.
- FIG. 4 an alley PG of a stacking area P is shown in the event that a mobile crane is to travel diagonally through this alley.
- the turning of the wheels FR to the axis of the vehicle F is shown here at 45 °.
- the vehicle needs a route width b5 that is approximately twice the width b; with the inclusion of a 40 ' container, this results in a necessary width of the stacking alley b3 which is only slightly larger than the width which is taken up by the vehicle itself. From Fig. 3 it can be seen that the turning radius of the vehicle corresponds only to approximately twice its width b.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Carriers, Traveling Bodies, And Overhead Traveling Cranes (AREA)
- Jib Cranes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19603966A DE19603966A1 (de) | 1996-01-26 | 1996-01-26 | Mobilkran |
DE19603966 | 1996-01-26 | ||
PCT/EP1997/000292 WO1997027138A1 (de) | 1996-01-26 | 1997-01-22 | Mobilkran |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0876292A1 true EP0876292A1 (de) | 1998-11-11 |
EP0876292B1 EP0876292B1 (de) | 2000-06-07 |
Family
ID=7784469
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97902203A Expired - Lifetime EP0876292B1 (de) | 1996-01-26 | 1997-01-22 | Mobilkran |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0876292B1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU1594297A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2244254A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19603966A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1997027138A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2019172824A1 (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2019-09-12 | Cargotec Patenter Ab | Cargo handling vehicle for navigation in narrow aisles and method therefore |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FI980400A (fi) * | 1998-02-23 | 1999-08-24 | Meclift Ltd Oy | Siirtokone |
NO994064L (no) * | 1999-08-23 | 2001-02-26 | Arild Bolsoe | Anordning for håndtering av last |
DE10147777B4 (de) * | 2001-09-27 | 2005-06-23 | Rheinmetall Landsysteme Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Erhöhung der Standsicherheit bei mobilen Krananlagen |
DE102015108725A1 (de) | 2015-06-02 | 2016-12-08 | Terex Cranes Germany Gmbh | Schwenklageranordnung mit einem Schwenkzapfen und mindestens einem Lagerbock und ein Montageverfahren hierfür |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3270899A (en) * | 1964-04-17 | 1966-09-06 | Baldwin Lima Hamilton Corp | Load handling vehicle |
US3685673A (en) * | 1970-05-28 | 1972-08-22 | Crutcher Resources | Side-loading self-propelled material transporting device |
DE2248074A1 (de) * | 1972-09-30 | 1974-04-04 | Gisbert Plugge | Schwerlastfahrzeug |
GB1518798A (en) * | 1974-10-05 | 1978-07-26 | Coles Cranes Ltd | Rough terrain cranes (swingable cb) |
DE2450003C2 (de) * | 1974-10-22 | 1984-05-10 | Fa. Johannes Fuchs, 7257 Ditzingen | Fahrzeugkran mit Kabine mit verschiedenen Stellungen |
EP0080002B1 (de) * | 1981-11-23 | 1986-04-09 | O R M I G S.p.A. | Fahrbarer Kran für die Handhabung von Containern |
IL75141A0 (en) * | 1985-05-09 | 1985-09-29 | Eyal Engineering & Ind Co Ltd | Tow truck |
DE9001589U1 (de) * | 1990-02-12 | 1990-06-13 | Liebherr-Werk Ehingen Gmbh, 7930 Ehingen, De | |
DE9114464U1 (de) * | 1991-11-21 | 1993-03-25 | Krupp Industrietechnik Gmbh, 4100 Duisburg, De | |
DE9302376U1 (de) * | 1993-02-18 | 1993-06-24 | Ec Engineering + Consulting Spezialmaschinen Gmbh, 7900 Ulm, De |
-
1996
- 1996-01-26 DE DE19603966A patent/DE19603966A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-01-22 WO PCT/EP1997/000292 patent/WO1997027138A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1997-01-22 DE DE59701841T patent/DE59701841D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-01-22 AU AU15942/97A patent/AU1594297A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-01-22 EP EP97902203A patent/EP0876292B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-01-22 CA CA002244254A patent/CA2244254A1/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9727138A1 * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2019172824A1 (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2019-09-12 | Cargotec Patenter Ab | Cargo handling vehicle for navigation in narrow aisles and method therefore |
CN111867965A (zh) * | 2018-03-06 | 2020-10-30 | 卡哥泰克专利股份公司 | 在狭窄过道中驾驶的货物搬运车辆和用于其的方法 |
CN111867965B (zh) * | 2018-03-06 | 2021-12-31 | 货物科技瑞典有限公司 | 在狭窄过道中驾驶的货物搬运车辆和用于其的方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU1594297A (en) | 1997-08-20 |
CA2244254A1 (en) | 1997-07-31 |
DE59701841D1 (de) | 2000-07-13 |
WO1997027138A1 (de) | 1997-07-31 |
DE19603966A1 (de) | 1997-07-31 |
EP0876292B1 (de) | 2000-06-07 |
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