EP0867619A2 - Gebläsesystem mit variabler Luftmengensteuerung - Google Patents

Gebläsesystem mit variabler Luftmengensteuerung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0867619A2
EP0867619A2 EP98250097A EP98250097A EP0867619A2 EP 0867619 A2 EP0867619 A2 EP 0867619A2 EP 98250097 A EP98250097 A EP 98250097A EP 98250097 A EP98250097 A EP 98250097A EP 0867619 A2 EP0867619 A2 EP 0867619A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fan
rotor
air
fan rotor
shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP98250097A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0867619A3 (de
Inventor
George William Donald Wallace
Werner Richarz
Muammer Yazici
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Handling Engineering Ltd
Original Assignee
Air Handling Engineering Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Handling Engineering Ltd filed Critical Air Handling Engineering Ltd
Publication of EP0867619A2 publication Critical patent/EP0867619A2/de
Publication of EP0867619A3 publication Critical patent/EP0867619A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/4213—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps suction ports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/002—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids by varying geometry within the pumps, e.g. by adjusting vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/60—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling
    • F04D29/62—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling of radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/624—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling of radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/626—Mounting or removal of fans

Definitions

  • This invention relates to centrifugal fans and, in particular, such fans provided with a mechanism for controlling the volume of air flowing through the fan.
  • Centrifugal type fans are well known for use in ventilation systems for buildings and other large structures. Such fans can have an air inlet at one end through which air is drawn into the interior of the fan and the air is then driven radially outwardly by a number of blades located about the circular periphery of the fan.
  • the fan rotor can include a circular rear wall to which the drive shaft for the fan is attached.
  • a centrifugal fan of this type is commonly used as a plenum fan which is manufactured as an unhoused fan that can later be installed in a field erected or factory built air handing unit. In such installations, the fan wheel pressurises the entire surrounding air plenum in which the fan is installed.
  • Two or more air ducts can be connected to the walls of the air plenum to provide ventilating air, heated air or cooling air to the building.
  • One known method of regulating the flow of air through a fan is to adjust the rotational speed of the fan blades. This can be accomplished in a known manner by changing the speed of the drive motor which generally is an electric motor. It is also possible to use a transmission system which allows the motor speed to remain approximately constant but which permits the rotational speed of the shaft for the fan to be changed. Both of these systems or methods for regulating the amount of air going through a fan can give rise to problems and/or substantial additional expense.
  • an inverter In order to regulate the speed of an air supplying fan, it is known to use an inverter as a fan speed controller.
  • An inverter controlled fan motor would generally retain its full load efficiency down to a minimum speed. However, it is necessary to de-rate a motor when inverter controlled and therefore the efficiency of the motor at maximum duty will be lower than for a mains driven fan motor.
  • the inverter itself absorbs some energy and this can be as much as 3% of the maximum input power.
  • variable speed fans arises from the tip speed of the blades which reduces as the speed of the fan reduces.
  • the pressure developed by a fan is dependent on the tip speed of the blades which speed is in turn dependent on the diameter and speed of the fan wheel.
  • the static pressure generated by the fan is reduced by the square of reduction in the tip speed. Therefore, small reductions in volume flow (which is proportional to the fan rotational speed) cause a large decrease in the static pressure. This is a problem for buildings where a minimum static pressure needs to be maintained at all volume flows in order to be able to deliver the required air quantity to each and every zone.
  • Another difficulty with speed controlled fans is that the stability of the fan can be lost at relatively low volume air flow if a fixed pressure component is required in the system which is often the case.
  • Another difficulty with such fans is that motor noise from an inverter controlled fan can be excessive due to the harmonics created by wave chopping which can be amplified and radiated by the structure of the fan.
  • the use of silencers in the system can help reduce fan noise but they may not be capable of removing certain discrete frequencies generated in the motors by the inverter.
  • Other problems that can arise from the use of such fans include vibrations created at certain fan speeds, electrical system effects and radio frequency interference problems.
  • a fan apparatus comprises a hollow fan rotor having front and rear spaced apart, circular sides and a number of blades extending between and connecting these sides.
  • the front side has a central opening for receiving air from an air inlet.
  • the apparatus includes a rotatable shaft connected to the rotor for rotation of same and a drive system for rotating the shaft and rotor.
  • An actuator is capable of moving the supporting device either forwardly or rearwardly as desired in order to control the volume of air flowing through the air inlet and the rotor during operation of the apparatus.
  • the supporting device has wheels and a horizontal base frame on which the wheels are rotatably mounted.
  • the front sidewall has a central opening for receiving air into the fan rotor.
  • a rotatable drive shaft extends rearwardly from the fan rotor and is connected to the rear sidewall.
  • a power drive system is connected to this shaft for rotating the shaft and the fan rotor.
  • An air inlet member is provided for mounting in a rigid manner at the central opening and this inlet member has a generally cylindrical section with the maximum external diameter less than the width of the central opening.
  • the inlet member can extend into the fan rotor when the fan rotor is moved to a forward position by the supporting frame device and the actuator.
  • the air inlet member is rigidly mounted in a vertical wall and is arranged so that a central axis thereof is coaxial with the fan rotor.
  • the sidewalls also have one or more air outlets formed therein.
  • a centrifugal fan rotor is located in this housing and has front and rear rotor sidewalls and a number of blades extending between and connecting these rotor sidewalls.
  • the front rotor sidewall has a central opening formed therein for receiving air from the air inlet opening into the fan rotor.
  • a power drive system is connected to the rear sidewall of the fan rotor in order to rotate same.
  • a supporting device on which the rotor and drive system are mounted is linearly movable in the housing.
  • An actuator for moving the supporting device either forwardly or rearwardly in order to control the volume of air flowing through the fan rotor and into the housing is also provided.
  • the air inlet opening is formed by an air inlet member having a cylindrical, rearward extension. The inlet member projects into the fan rotor when the fan rotor is moved to a forward position by the supporting device and the actuator.
  • the preferred supporting device has both a horizontal base frame on which wheels are mounted and a horizontal upper frame mounted on the base frame by means of vibration isolating springs.
  • the fan rotor and drive system are mounted on the upper frame.
  • a fan apparatus 10 constructed in accordance with the invention comprises a hollow fan rotor or fan wheel 12 having a front circular side 14 and a rear circular side 16. These spaced apart sides are connected to each other by means of a number of blades 18 which, in a known manner, can have an airfoil shape.
  • the blades 18 and the arrangement thereof in this centrifugal fan rotor are per se well known in the fan art and, accordingly, a detailed description thereof herein is deemed unnecessary.
  • the front side 14 of the rotor has a circular central opening 20 formed therein for receiving air from an air inlet 22.
  • a straight, rotatable drive shaft 24 is connected to the rear of the rotor and is capable of rotating the rotor at a relatively high speed.
  • the shaft is preferably rotatably mounted in spaced-apart bearings 26 and 28.
  • Suitable annular support plates 29 and 30 can be provided at the front end of the shaft to firmly connect the rear side 16 of the rotor to the shaft.
  • a conical air directing member 32 can be fixedly attached to the front of the rear side 16 for the purpose of smoothing the airflow as it enters the inside of the rotor from the inlet 22.
  • the bearings 26 and 28 are fixedly mounted on a supporting framework 36 described in more detail hereinafter.
  • a drive system is provided for rotating the drive shaft 24 and the rotor.
  • the illustrated preferred drive system is a power drive system that includes a suitable electric motor 38. As illustrated, this motor has an output shaft at its rear end on which one or more pulley members 40 are mounted. There are also one or more pulley members 42 mounted on the rear end of the drive shaft 24 and one or more drive belts which can be continuous rubber belts 44 extend between the pulley member or members of the motor and the pulley member or members 42 of the shaft 24.
  • the motor 38 can be of the constant speed variety since, with the use of the present invention, there is no need to vary the speed of the motor in order to vary the volume of air flowing from the fan rotor. If desired, the motor can be coupled directly to the shaft 24 without using the pulley/belt assembly.
  • the apparatus 10 includes a linearly movable supporting device indicated generally at 50 on which the fan rotor 12, the shaft 24 and the drive system including motor 38 are mounted.
  • the preferred illustrated supporting device has four relatively sell wheels 52 which can run on short, straight steel rails 54.
  • the wheels 52 can be provided with suitable annular grooves 120 to engage the rails which can have an inverted V shape in cross-section.
  • the two parallel rails 54 thus are able to maintain the movement of the supporting device 50 in a straight line along the desired path.
  • the rails can extend between a front wall 56 of an air plenum in which the apparatus is mounted and a rear wall 59 of this plenum.
  • the wheels 52 are rotatably mounted on a horizontal base frame 58.
  • the base frame 58 can be generally flat and formed with several rigid frame members.
  • the supporting device 50 includes a horizontal upper frame 60 which is mounted on the base frame by means of vibration isolating members.
  • these vibration isolating members comprise relatively short coil springs 62 with one coil spring being provided near each of the four corners of the supporting device 50.
  • the fan rotor 12, its drive shaft 24 and the drive system including motor 38 are all mounted on the upper frame 60.
  • vibrations which can be caused by rotation of the rotor during operation thereof are substantially isolated to the upper frame 60 due to the operation of the vibration isolating springs 62.
  • the coil springs 62 are the only members connecting the upper frame 60 to the base frame 58.
  • the fan apparatus 10 also includes an actuator indicated generally at 64 for moving the supporting device 50 forwardly or rearwardly as desired in order to control the volume of air flowing through the air inlet 22 and the rotor 12 during operation of the apparatus.
  • the actuator 64 can be a standard hydraulic actuator, a standard pneumatic actuator, or an electric actuator of known construction and accordingly a detailed description herein is deemed unnecessary.
  • the actuator 64 is mounted centrally on the base frame 58 taken in a transverse direction thereof (as illustrated in Figure 3).
  • the rear or outer end of the rod 68 can be attached by a suitable bracket 70 to the rear wall 59 of the plenum.
  • a suitable bracket 70 to the rear wall 59 of the plenum.
  • some other form of fixed support located in the plenum for attachment of the outer end of the actuator rod 68.
  • the central mounting of the actuator 64 is desirable in order to prevent undue wear on the components including the actuator and to ensure that the supporting device 50 is in fact moved in the required straight line forwardly or rearwardly.
  • the cylinder 66 is mounted adjacent a rear end of the base frame 58 so that the length of the actuator rod 68 need be no longer than necessary for operation of the apparatus.
  • An inlet member 72 can be provided with the apparatus 10, the member 72 forming the aforementioned air inlet 22.
  • the preferred inlet member has a generally cylindrical section 74 having a maximum external diameter that is preferably slightly less than the diameter of the central opening 20 in the front side of the rotor. If desired, the rear end of this cylindrical section can have a curved, outward flare 76 at its rear end. For reasons which will become clear hereinafter, the length L of the cylindrical section should be about equal to the internal width W of the rotor. In this way, a maximum variation in the volume of air flowing through the rotor is possible with the apparatus 10.
  • the inlet member 22 has a bell-shaped front section 78 and the cylindrical section 74 extends rearwardly from this front section in a smooth, continuous manner.
  • the diameter of the inlet member at the rear end of front section 78 is equal to the diameter at the front end of the cylindrical section 74.
  • the inlet member 22, which can be made of a suitable metal, is rigidly and fixedly mounted in a vertical wall of the plenum. As illustrated, this vertical wall is the front wall 56 which preferably is insulated in a known manner with sound insulating material indicated at 80. It will be understood that the other walls of the plenum are also preferably covered with this sound insulating material.
  • the inlet member 72 is mounted so that it is coaxial with the fan rotor 12.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the position of the fan rotor, its drive shaft and the supporting device 50 in their rearwardmost position.
  • the rear end 90 of the inlet member 72 is located just at the central opening 20 in the front of the fan rotor. It will be understood that this position is achieved by movement of the actuator rod 68 into the pneumatic cylinder. In this position, the full width of the fan blades 18 is available and can be used to draw air into the fan and to pressurize the plenum chamber 92 to the fullest extent possible.
  • the fan rotor 12 can be moved forwardly to a forward position such as that shown in Figure 2.
  • the inlet member 72 extends into the interior of the fan rotor and its rear end is approximately midway between front side 14 and the rear side 16.
  • a rearward portion for example, the rear half of the blades 18, is operational and is available to pull air into the fan and to pressurize the plenum. It will be appreciated that a number of different forward positions are possible so that the amount of variation in the air flow from the fan is substantial.
  • the rear end of the inlet member 72 can be brought to a position close to rear wall 16 in which case the volume air from the fan would be minimal.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates in plan view a plenum fan apparatus for an air supplying and ventilating system, this apparatus being constructed in accordance with the invention.
  • the plenum apparatus includes a plenum housing indicated generally at 100.
  • the illustrated housing includes four vertical side walls including the aforementioned front wall 56 and rear wall 59 and two side walls 102 and 104 that extend between the front and rear walls. As indicated, each of these walls can be insulated with a sound insulating material in a known manner.
  • the top of the housing is covered by a top wall 106, only a corner of which is shown for sake of illustration. It will thus be appreciated that the plenum housing is enclosed on all sides including at the bottom by means of the floor of the building or structure.
  • air plenums are per se well known in the air handling and air ventilating industry. It will be further understood that the side walls and the top wall can be provided with one and generally two or more air outlets 108, one of which is illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. It will thus be appreciated that operation of the fan apparatus 10 will cause the chamber 92 in the plenum housing to be pressurized and this in turn will cause air to flow through the outlets into air ducts that carry air under pressure to various areas in the building or structure.
  • FIGS 5 and 6 show further details of a preferred embodiment of the horizontal base frame which is a major component of the supporting device 50.
  • the base frame 58 comprises two long, parallel frame members 110 and two shorter, parallel frame members 112.
  • the members 110 and 112 can be connected together at each corner by a L-shaped connecting piece 114.
  • Each L-shaped connector 114 can comprise a short horizontal frame piece 116 welded to a short, vertical frame piece 118 as indicated in Figure 6.
  • the support shafts for the wheels 52 can be rotatably connected to the ends of the adjacent frame 110.
  • This frame includes two relatively long, frame members 122 that extend parallel to the members 110.
  • the frame members 122 are connected together by means of three, parallel shorter frame members 124, 126 and 128 with the frame members 124 and 128 being located at opposite ends of the members 122.
  • a further internal frame member 130 extends between members 124 and 126 and is parallel to the members 122.
  • These upright frame members can be made with steel angle members.
  • FIG. 9 Connecting the tops of the uprights 131 to 134 and members 136 are two, horizontally extending frame members 138 and 140 shown in Figure 9. These may be formed of steel angle members having an upper surface 142 on which the bearings 26, 28 for the drive shaft are mounted by means of bolts and bolt holes indicated at 144.
  • Figure 6 illustrates also how the upper frame 60 in this preferred embodiment can be connected by the springs 62 to the base frame 58.
  • L-shaped connecting members are attached at the corners of the upper frame and the bottom of each horizontal portion 152 rests on the top of its respective spring and is connected thereto by any suitable means.
  • horizontal connecting frame members 160 also extend between the upright frames 131, 132 and 133, 134 as indicated in dashed lines in Figure 7. These can be steel angle members.
  • the linear actuator can be controlled by any suitable, known control mechanism, including a manually operated control, if desired. It could, for example, be controlled by conventional switching means such as a contact control mechanism which is connected to sensing means, such as photohelic static pressure probes located at predetermined locations in the environmental control system of the building or structure. In this way, it is possible in a known manner to set up an automatic control system to provide the required volume of air to the building or structure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
EP98250097A 1997-03-26 1998-03-20 Gebläsesystem mit variabler Luftmengensteuerung Withdrawn EP0867619A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US824663 1997-03-26
US08/824,663 US5827044A (en) 1997-03-26 1997-03-26 Fan system with variable air volume control
CA002231913A CA2231913C (en) 1997-03-26 1998-03-13 Centrifugal fan unit with vertical rotation axis

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0867619A2 true EP0867619A2 (de) 1998-09-30
EP0867619A3 EP0867619A3 (de) 1999-12-01

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EP98250097A Withdrawn EP0867619A3 (de) 1997-03-26 1998-03-20 Gebläsesystem mit variabler Luftmengensteuerung

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US (1) US5827044A (de)
EP (1) EP0867619A3 (de)
CA (1) CA2231913C (de)

Cited By (8)

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WO2001098670A2 (de) * 2000-06-23 2001-12-27 F.W. Carduck Gmbh Radialventilator
WO2002012729A1 (en) * 2000-08-03 2002-02-14 Nicotra Industriale S.P.A. Centrifugal fan
RU2470193C1 (ru) * 2011-05-12 2012-12-20 Вячеслав Георгиевич Караджи Радиальный вентилятор
CN105201910A (zh) * 2015-10-12 2015-12-30 无锡市惠山合力传热设备厂 一种进风量可调节的风机
RU2617636C1 (ru) * 2015-10-26 2017-04-25 Сергей Вячеславович Караджи Рабочее колесо радиального вентилятора
RU2639241C1 (ru) * 2016-06-15 2017-12-20 Вячеслав Георгиевич Караджи Канальный вентилятор
CN107989831A (zh) * 2017-11-21 2018-05-04 重庆通用工业(集团)有限责任公司 风机集流器设计方法及风机
RU195235U1 (ru) * 2019-11-21 2020-01-17 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "АНТАРЕС ПРО" Рабочее колесо диаметрального вентилятора

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US6010307A (en) * 1995-07-31 2000-01-04 Mccabe; Francis J. Propeller, structures and methods
US6039533A (en) * 1995-07-31 2000-03-21 Mccabe; Francis J. Fan blade, structures and methods
ES2235226T3 (es) * 1996-10-22 2005-07-01 Germaine Van Der Veken Dispositivo aerogenerador.
US6190122B1 (en) * 1997-12-13 2001-02-20 Mccabe Francis J. Intake and exhaust air damper with movable motor fan assembly
US6626938B1 (en) 2000-11-16 2003-09-30 Cordis Corporation Stent graft having a pleated graft member
EP1455094A1 (de) * 2003-03-04 2004-09-08 Ziehl-Abegg AG Radiallüfterrad
US6929452B1 (en) 2003-03-18 2005-08-16 Aaon, Inc. Plenum fan banding
US20100029195A1 (en) * 2008-07-30 2010-02-04 Wais Jalali Air handling unit using multiple fans
US8814639B1 (en) * 2008-10-29 2014-08-26 Climatecraft Technologies, Inc. Fan system comprising fan array with surge control
JP5630516B2 (ja) * 2013-02-22 2014-11-26 パナソニック株式会社 遠心送風機
US10408218B2 (en) * 2016-11-21 2019-09-10 Ge Aviation Systems Llc Fan with shut-off valve and method of operating
US20190368491A1 (en) * 2018-05-30 2019-12-05 Dyna Compressor Co., Ltd. Air compressor
CN111441974B (zh) * 2020-04-13 2021-07-09 绍兴上虞三禾风机有限公司 一种具有减震机构的风机

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DE29520021U1 (de) * 1995-12-18 1996-02-01 Dürr GmbH, 70435 Stuttgart Als Radialventilator ausgebildeter Großventilator

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001098670A2 (de) * 2000-06-23 2001-12-27 F.W. Carduck Gmbh Radialventilator
WO2001098670A3 (de) * 2000-06-23 2002-06-20 F W Carduck Gmbh Radialventilator
WO2002012729A1 (en) * 2000-08-03 2002-02-14 Nicotra Industriale S.P.A. Centrifugal fan
US6866480B2 (en) 2000-08-03 2005-03-15 Nicotra S.P.A. Centrifugal fan
RU2470193C1 (ru) * 2011-05-12 2012-12-20 Вячеслав Георгиевич Караджи Радиальный вентилятор
CN105201910A (zh) * 2015-10-12 2015-12-30 无锡市惠山合力传热设备厂 一种进风量可调节的风机
RU2617636C1 (ru) * 2015-10-26 2017-04-25 Сергей Вячеславович Караджи Рабочее колесо радиального вентилятора
RU2639241C1 (ru) * 2016-06-15 2017-12-20 Вячеслав Георгиевич Караджи Канальный вентилятор
CN107989831A (zh) * 2017-11-21 2018-05-04 重庆通用工业(集团)有限责任公司 风机集流器设计方法及风机
RU195235U1 (ru) * 2019-11-21 2020-01-17 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "АНТАРЕС ПРО" Рабочее колесо диаметрального вентилятора

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CA2231913C (en) 1999-04-13
US5827044A (en) 1998-10-27
EP0867619A3 (de) 1999-12-01
CA2231913A1 (en) 1998-05-30

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