EP0860183B1 - Procédé et système d'élimination des composés nocifs - Google Patents

Procédé et système d'élimination des composés nocifs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0860183B1
EP0860183B1 EP98102829A EP98102829A EP0860183B1 EP 0860183 B1 EP0860183 B1 EP 0860183B1 EP 98102829 A EP98102829 A EP 98102829A EP 98102829 A EP98102829 A EP 98102829A EP 0860183 B1 EP0860183 B1 EP 0860183B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chlorine
treatable material
removal agent
sulfur
sodium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98102829A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0860183A3 (fr
EP0860183A2 (fr
Inventor
Yoshiyuki Kashiwagi
Haruhisa Ishigaki
Nobuyuki Yoshioka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Meidensha Corp
Meidensha Electric Manufacturing Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Meidensha Corp
Meidensha Electric Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP9038728A external-priority patent/JPH10235148A/ja
Priority claimed from JP9038729A external-priority patent/JPH10235149A/ja
Priority claimed from JP9038726A external-priority patent/JPH10235147A/ja
Priority claimed from JP9038737A external-priority patent/JPH10235311A/ja
Priority claimed from JP9160911A external-priority patent/JPH119938A/ja
Priority claimed from JP9160914A external-priority patent/JPH119939A/ja
Priority claimed from JP9265993A external-priority patent/JPH11101417A/ja
Application filed by Meidensha Corp, Meidensha Electric Manufacturing Co Ltd filed Critical Meidensha Corp
Publication of EP0860183A2 publication Critical patent/EP0860183A2/fr
Publication of EP0860183A3 publication Critical patent/EP0860183A3/fr
Publication of EP0860183B1 publication Critical patent/EP0860183B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
    • A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
    • A62D3/34—Dehalogenation using reactive chemical agents able to degrade
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
    • A62D3/40—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by heating to effect chemical change, e.g. pyrolysis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
    • F23G5/0276—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage using direct heating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
    • A62D2101/20—Organic substances
    • A62D2101/22—Organic substances containing halogen
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
    • A62D2101/40—Inorganic substances
    • A62D2101/47—Inorganic substances containing oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium, i.e. chalcogen

Definitions

  • chlorine-containing compound and chlorine component in the treatable material can be converted into sodium or potassium chloride and water, and therefore hydrogen chloride forming part of a source of dioxin cannot be formed thereby realizing the unexpected results of making both emitted gas and residue harmless.
  • the thermal treatment or heating of the mixture in the thermal treatment furnace 2 is accomplished within temperature and time ranges to cover the temperature and time of generation of HCl gas and SOx gas from the treatable material, the temperature (for example, 600 °C) and time (for example, 1 hour) having been determined under a previous investigation.
  • These temperature and time are in relation to a condition (such as the size and the heating coil) of the thermal treatment furnace, the treatment amount of the treatable material, the treatment time of the thermal treatment of the treatable material, the treatment temperature of the thermal treatment of the treatable material. Therefore, the above temperature and time are required to be previously determined under a sufficient investigation and to accumulate the data to be taken for the temperature and time.
  • the chlorine removal agent sodium hydrogen carbonate
  • the chlorine removal agent was in the form of powder having an average particle size of 100 ⁇ m, in all Examples
  • the thus sealed tank was stepwise heated with a heating coil, in which heating was made at eight temperature steps of 250 °C, 300 °C, 350 °C, 400 °C, 450 °C, 500 °C, 550 °C, 600 °C.
  • the temperature at each of the eight steps was kept for 5 minutes, in which a concentration of HCl gas and a concentration of SO 2 in the tank was measured at each temperature rising time (at which the temperature was rising from one temperature step to the next temperature step) and at each temperature keeping time (at which the temperature at each temperature step was keeping).
  • the temperature rising time is indicated as "Rising time” while the temperature keeping time is indicated as "Keeping time” in Tables 1 and 2.
  • the temperature for heating the mixture of the treatable material and the chlorine removal agent may be selected according to form of facilities for accomplish the thermal treatment, time of the thermal treatment, amount of the treatable material and the like.
  • sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO 3 ), sodium carbonate (Na 2 CO 3 ), sodium sesqui carbonate (Na 2 CO 3 • NaHCO 3 • 2H 2 O), natural soda (containing Na 2 CO 3 • NaHCO 3 • 2H 2 O), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH), potassium carbonate (K 2 CO 3 ), and potassium hydrogen carbonate (KHCO 3 ) can react with noxious HCl thereby to convert HCl into harmless chloride (NaCl and KCl) according to reaction formulae discussed before. It will be understood that sodium potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate hydrate can also react with noxious HCl similarly to the above.
  • chlorine-containing compound and chlorine component in the treatable material can be converted into sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), water (H 2 O) and carbon dioxide gas (CO 2 ), and therefore hydrogen chloride forming part of a source of dioxin cannot be formed thereby realizing the unexpected result of making both emitted gas and residue harmless.
  • NaOH or KOH smoothly reacts with SO2 thereby to newly form harmless sulfite (Na 2 SO 3 , K 2 SO 3 ).
  • sulfur-containing compound and sulfur component in the treatable material can be converted into sodium sulfite (Na 2 SO 3 ) in powder form, and potassium sulfite (K 2 SO 3 ) in powder form, water (H 2 O) and carbon dioxide gas (CO 2 ), and therefore SOx gas can be prevented from generation thus realizing the unexpected result of making both emitted gas and residue harmless.
  • noxious hydrogen chloride and/or sulfur oxide are converted into harmless chloride (NaCl, KCl) and/or sulfite (Na 2 SO 3 , K 2 SO 3 ), thereby making it possible to remove noxious components (hydrogen chloride and/or sulfur oxide) from the decomposition gas generated from the treatable material upon heating.
  • the decomposition gas or emitted gas from the furnace can be effectively made harmless.
  • the chloride and/or sulfite form part of the residue and can be effectively removed under a rinsing or dissolving treatment with water or the like.
  • the residual materials can be separated into respective materials which are different in characteristics by any separating means.
  • the separated respective materials are dried and massed to be usable as fuel or the like.
  • liquid (such as water) used for the above rinsing treatment hardly contains no noxious substances and therefore can be discharged as it is to a river and the sea.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
  • Hardware Redundancy (AREA)
  • Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Procédé permettant d'éliminer le soufre et/ou le chlore d'un matériau à traiter contenant du soufre et/ou du chlore, lequel procédé comporte les étapes suivantes, effectuées dans l'ordre indiqué :
    mélanger, pour en faire un mélange, le matériau à traiter et un agent d'élimination de chlore et de soufre, lequel agent contient au moins un composé choisi dans l'ensemble constitué par les composés du sodium et les composés du potassium ;
    envoyer le mélange dans un four ;
    et brasser et chauffer ledit mélange dans le four, dans une atmosphère à faible teneur en oxygène, pour provoquer la décomposition thermique du matériau à traiter et la formation d'une substance chlorée et/ou d'une substance soufrée, puis faire que cette substance chlorée et/ou cette substance soufrée entrent en contact avec ledit agent d'élimination de chlore et de soufre et réagissent avec celui-ci, pour former un chlorure et/ou un sulfite non nocif(s).
  2. Procédé conforme à la revendication 1, par lequel on élimine le chlore d'un matériau à traiter contenant du chlore.
  3. Procédé conforme à la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel ledit agent d'élimination contient au moins un composé choisi dans l'ensemble que constituent les carbonates, hydrogénocarbonates et hydroxydes de sodium et/ou de potassium.
  4. Procédé conforme à la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel ledit agent d'élimination contient au moins un composé choisi dans l'ensemble que constituent l'hydrogénocarbonate de sodium, le carbonate de sodium, le sesquicarbonate de sodium, la soude naturelle, l'hydroxyde de sodium, l'hydroxyde de potassium, le carbonate de potassium, l'hydrogénocarbonate de potassium, et le carbonate de sodium et de potassium.
  5. Procédé conforme à la revendication 2, dans lequel ladite étape de chauffage comporte le fait de chauffer ledit mélange dans un four qui est pratiquement fermé de manière à empêcher l'air frais de pénétrer dans le four, la pression qui règne à l'intérieur du four engendrant des fuites vers l'extérieur de ce four.
  6. Procédé conforme à la revendication 2, dans lequel ladite étape de chauffage comporte le fait de chauffer ledit mélange de manière à provoquer la distillation sèche du matériau à traiter.
  7. Procédé conforme à la revendication 2, dans lequel ledit agent d'élimination se présente sous au moins une forme choisie parmi les suivantes : masse, plaque, corps poreux, particules, solution et suspension.
  8. Procédé conforme à la revendication 2, dans lequel ledit matériau à traiter est au moins un matériau choisi parmi les suivants : poly(chlorure de vinyle), poly(chlorure de vinylidène), résines synthétiques chlorées et caoutchoucs chlorés.
  9. Procédé conforme à la revendication 2, dans lequel, dans ladite étape de formation d'un mélange, on ajoute ledit agent d'élimination en une quantité représentant de 0,05 à 10 % du poids qu'a le matériau à traiter avant cette étape de formation d'un mélange.
  10. Procédé conforme à la revendication 2, dans lequel, dans ladite étape de formation d'un mélange, on ajoute ledit agent d'élimination en une quantité représentant de 10 à 70 % du poids du matériau à traiter, dans le cas où ledit matériau à traiter est au moins un matériau choisi parmi les suivants : poly(chlorure de vinyle), poly(chlorure de vinylidène), résines synthétiques chlorées et caoutchoucs chlorés.
  11. Procédé conforme à la revendication 2, dans lequel, dans ladite étape de formation d'un mélange, on ajoute ledit agent d'élimination en une quantité représentant au moins un équivalent chimique par rapport au chlore qui peut se dégager du matériau à traiter.
  12. Procédé conforme à la revendication 2, qui comporte en outre le fait de rajouter dudit agent d'élimination audit mélange, au cours de ladite étape de chauffage.
  13. Procédé conforme à la revendication 12, dans lequel ladite étape d'addition comporte le fait de rajouter dudit agent d'élimination audit mélange avant que la température du matériau à traiter atteigne une valeur à laquelle se produit la décomposition thermique du matériau à traiter.
  14. Procédé conforme à la revendication 12, dans lequel ladite étape d'addition comporte le fait de rajouter dudit agent d'élimination audit mélange après que la température du matériau à traiter a atteint une valeur à laquelle se produit la décomposition thermique du matériau à traiter.
  15. Procédé conforme à la revendication 2, qui comporte en outre le fait d'appliquer dudit agent d'élimination sur ledit matériau à traiter, dans un four, en opérant selon au moins une méthode choisie parmi l'enduction par coulée et la projection par pulvérisation.
  16. Procédé conforme à la revendication 2, dans lequel ladite étape de chauffage comporte le fait de chauffer le matériau à traiter à une température valant de 200 à 1000 °C.
  17. Système permettant d'éliminer le soufre et/ou le chlore d'un matériau à traiter contenant du soufre et/ou du chlore, lequel système comporte
    un dispositif servant à mélanger, pour en faire un mélange, le matériau à traiter et un agent d'élimination de chlore et de soufre, lequel agent contient au moins un composé choisi dans l'ensemble constitué par les composés du sodium et les composés du potassium ;
    un four dans lequel est envoyé ledit mélange du matériau à traiter et dudit agent d'élimination de chlore et de soufre, ledit four étant adapté en vue de la constitution, en son intérieur, d'une atmosphère à faible teneur en oxygène, et muni d'un moyen rotatif de transfert de matière ;
    et un dispositif de chauffage servant à chauffer ledit mélange dans ledit four, dans ladite atmosphère à faible teneur en oxygène, pour provoquer la décomposition thermique du matériau à traiter de manière à ce que s'accomplisse la distillation sèche de ce matériau à traiter, pendant laquelle se dégagent dudit mélange une substance chlorée et/ou une substance soufrée, puis à ce que cette substance chlorée et/ou cette substance soufrée entrent en contact avec ledit agent d'élimination de chlore et de soufre et réagissent avec celui-ci, pour former un chlorure et/ou un sulfite non nocif(s).
  18. Système conforme à la revendication 17, dans lequel ledit agent d'élimination de chlore et de soufre contient au moins un composé choisi dans l'ensemble que constituent les carbonates, hydrogénocarbonates et hydroxydes de sodium et/ou de potassium.
  19. Système conforme à la revendication 17, dans lequel ledit agent d'élimination de chlore et de soufre contient au moins un composé choisi dans l'ensemble que constituent l'hydrogénocarbonate de sodium, le carbonate de sodium, le sesquicarbonate de sodium, la soude naturelle, l'hydroxyde de sodium, l'hydroxyde de potassium, le carbonate de potassium, l'hydrogénocarbonate de potassium, et le carbonate de sodium et de potassium.
EP98102829A 1997-02-24 1998-02-18 Procédé et système d'élimination des composés nocifs Expired - Lifetime EP0860183B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (21)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3872897 1997-02-24
JP38726/97 1997-02-24
JP3873797 1997-02-24
JP9038728A JPH10235148A (ja) 1997-02-24 1997-02-24 脱塩素処理方法
JP38728/97 1997-02-24
JP9038737A JPH10235311A (ja) 1997-02-24 1997-02-24 塩化ビニル系物質の脱塩素処理方法
JP3872997 1997-02-24
JP9038726A JPH10235147A (ja) 1997-02-24 1997-02-24 脱塩素処理方法
JP38737/97 1997-02-24
JP38729/97 1997-02-24
JP3872697 1997-02-24
JP9038729A JPH10235149A (ja) 1997-02-24 1997-02-24 塩化ビニル系物質の脱塩素処理方法
JP160914/97 1997-06-18
JP9160911A JPH119938A (ja) 1997-06-18 1997-06-18 脱塩素処理方法
JP16091197 1997-06-18
JP160911/97 1997-06-18
JP9160914A JPH119939A (ja) 1997-06-18 1997-06-18 塩化ビニル系物質の脱塩素処理方法
JP16091497 1997-06-18
JP9265993A JPH11101417A (ja) 1997-09-30 1997-09-30 有害ガスの発生防止方法
JP26599397 1997-09-30
JP265993/97 1997-09-30

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0860183A2 EP0860183A2 (fr) 1998-08-26
EP0860183A3 EP0860183A3 (fr) 1999-01-20
EP0860183B1 true EP0860183B1 (fr) 2002-11-13

Family

ID=27564474

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98102829A Expired - Lifetime EP0860183B1 (fr) 1997-02-24 1998-02-18 Procédé et système d'élimination des composés nocifs

Country Status (10)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0860183B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR100341551B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1095687C (fr)
AT (1) ATE227598T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU714634B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE69809310T2 (fr)
DK (1) DK0860183T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2186931T3 (fr)
MY (1) MY121329A (fr)
NO (1) NO316905B1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101597387B (zh) * 2009-05-22 2011-12-07 上海岚淼水处理科技有限公司 用于工业水处理的多糖纳米除氯剂的制备方法
US9440218B2 (en) * 2013-06-13 2016-09-13 Clariant Corporation Methods and active materials for reducing halide concentration in gas streams
CN104971609B (zh) * 2015-07-22 2017-04-05 南京格洛特环境工程股份有限公司 一种氟化氢废气治理及资源化利用的方法及设备
CN108339365B (zh) * 2017-01-24 2020-09-25 内蒙古大学 一种用于控制化工工业废气排放的装置及方法
CN109001007A (zh) * 2018-08-22 2018-12-14 汉能新材料科技有限公司 一种物料的处理方法

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4938936A (en) * 1988-09-01 1990-07-03 Mobil Oil Corporation Hydrogen fluoride vapor containment and neutralization
DE3839799A1 (de) * 1988-11-25 1990-07-05 Rwe Entsorgung Ag Verfahren zur aufarbeitung kontaminierter oele
US5064526A (en) * 1990-04-27 1991-11-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The Environmental Protection Agency Method for the base-catalyzed decomposition of halogenated and non-halogenated organic compounds in a contaminated medium
US5039350A (en) * 1990-04-27 1991-08-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The Environmental Protection Agency Method for the decomposition of halogenated organic compounds in a contaminated medium
JP3288164B2 (ja) * 1993-12-28 2002-06-04 株式会社東芝 廃プラスチックの熱分解装置
JP3213134B2 (ja) * 1993-09-13 2001-10-02 株式会社東芝 加熱油化方法及びその装置
JPH06179877A (ja) * 1991-12-20 1994-06-28 Toshiba Corp 廃プラスチックの熱分解方法及び装置
CA2159521C (fr) * 1994-10-07 1999-11-09 Shigeo Iiyama Methode de desulfuration de gaz d'echappement
NO308831B1 (no) * 1995-03-22 2000-11-06 Nkt Res Ct As FremgangsmÕte for behandling av halogenholdig avfallsmateriale

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO316905B1 (no) 2004-06-21
NO980758D0 (no) 1998-02-23
KR19980071609A (ko) 1998-10-26
CN1197685A (zh) 1998-11-04
NO980758L (no) 1998-08-25
DK0860183T3 (da) 2003-03-10
AU714634B2 (en) 2000-01-06
AU5632998A (en) 1998-08-27
KR100341551B1 (ko) 2002-08-22
EP0860183A3 (fr) 1999-01-20
CN1095687C (zh) 2002-12-11
EP0860183A2 (fr) 1998-08-26
ES2186931T3 (es) 2003-05-16
DE69809310D1 (de) 2002-12-19
MY121329A (en) 2006-01-28
DE69809310T2 (de) 2003-03-20
ATE227598T1 (de) 2002-11-15

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