EP0841112B1 - Procédé de coulée continue entre cylindres - Google Patents
Procédé de coulée continue entre cylindres Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0841112B1 EP0841112B1 EP97402589A EP97402589A EP0841112B1 EP 0841112 B1 EP0841112 B1 EP 0841112B1 EP 97402589 A EP97402589 A EP 97402589A EP 97402589 A EP97402589 A EP 97402589A EP 0841112 B1 EP0841112 B1 EP 0841112B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- signal
- casting
- harmonic
- representative
- comparison
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 30
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940082150 encore Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0622—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two casting wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
Definitions
- the present invention relates to continuous casting between cylinders of thin metal products, in particular in steel.
- the product produced for example a thin steel strip of a few millimeters thick, is obtained by pouring the molten metal in a casting space defined between two cylinders with parallel axes, cooled and driven rotating in opposite directions.
- the metal solidifies and the metal skins solidified, entrained by the rotation of the cylinders, meet at the neck between the cylinders, to form said band, pulled down.
- the casting strip must in particular have a section corresponding, in shape and dimensions, to the desired section, the actual section of the strip being directly function of the space, called air gap, between the cylinders at the neck.
- thermo-hydraulic molten metal or those known under the name of "shiny bands".
- This last type of default corresponds to a localized decrease in the surface roughness of the cylinders, which causes variations in strip cooling which can be detected by temperature measurements on the casting strip.
- the observation of these faults does not can be done only a posteriori, on the strip already formed, and therefore belatedly after their appearance.
- These defects may damage the surface condition of the cylinders, and all the more so since they are perceived late, these damage can then become irreparable.
- the object of the present invention is to resolve the problems mentioned above and aims to allow, from of the measurement of the spacing force of the cylinders (RSF), real-time detection of faults, before that an amplification of these defects causes damage irremediable in particular to cylinders.
- the invention has also intended to allow monitoring of the evolution of these faults, in order to be able to offer the operator corrective actions or interruption of the casting in depending on the severity of said defects.
- the object of the invention is a continuous casting process between product cylinders thin metals, especially steel, according to which continuous measurement, during the casting, the effort cylinder spacing, and a signal is generated representative of variations in spreading force (RSF) as a function of time, and we act, in particular by function of said signal, on the spacing of the cylinders to compensate for the runout of the cylinders, this process being characterized in that, for the purpose of detecting faults other than the runout of the cylinders, we breaks down said signal into different components harmonics, and we compare these said components harmonics to rank reference harmonics corresponding, the results of said comparison being representative of a fault state of the casting process, and we define, according to the results of said comparison, rules of conduct for the casting process.
- RSF spreading force
- the inventors were able to establish, following numerous tests carried out on an industrial scale, there is a certain relationship between variations in signals representative of the spreading force and the appearance of defects during casting.
- the appearance on a cylinder of the defect called strip brilliant is characterized by the presence of a disturbance on the spreading force signal measured.
- This disturbance is cyclical and manifests itself at each revolution of the cylinder. It reflects an over-solidification of the product when it goes to the collar and translated by variations in effort which are clearly faster than those that can be generated by example by variations in product thickness solidified.
- the inventors then imagined making a decomposition into harmonics of said signals so to differentiate in these signals the part that can be attributed to normal runout and that from other causes. They thus verified, by comparison of harmonic components noted during various flows, that although representative signals from the spacing effort varies in particular depending even if it is offset by a compensation system, variations of some harmonic components corresponded to the appearance of defects during casting. It therefore appeared that a analysis, carried out continuously during casting, of these harmonic components could allow, by comparison with a reference obtained experimentally when casting is considered to be faultless, to detect almost real-time deviations revealing such casting faults, much faster than by known methods.
- the spectrum of the signal representative of the spreading force of cylinders and resulting from the only normal runout is characterized by a harmonic component of rank 0 significant (for example 70% of the total amplitude of the signal) and higher order harmonics in rapid decay (20% for the 1st harmonic, 10% for the 2nd harmonic). We rarely note the presence of higher order harmonics.
- the distribution of harmonics is different from the above case, the presence of an over-solidification front at level of the shiny strip generating more high harmonics.
- the amplitude of the harmonic components of rank i will be designated subsequently by h i , and by H i a value representative of the harmonics of rank i considered over a predetermined number of revolutions of the cylinders.
- an air gap regulation system such as described above
- RSF effort cylinder spacing
- the value H i representative of each harmonic of rank i is calculated as being an average value of the amplitudes h i of each harmonic, determined over a given number of revolutions of the cylinders.
- the value H i representative of each harmonic being calculated as being an average over a given number of turns of the amplitudes measured, this makes it possible to attenuate the effect of random and localized defects in time and space, non-repetitive over several turns cylinder.
- the system will completely integrate this data after said number of turns, while the effect of harmonics only appearing on a low number of turns, significantly less than said number of turns given, will be considerably reduced.
- the comparison of the measured signal with a signal of a flow deemed good can be done in different ways.
- the casting installation shown only partially in Figure 1, includes so conventional, and known per se, two cylinders 1, 2, of axes parallel, spaced from each other by a named distance air gap. It corresponds to the desired thickness of the casting strip, minus the crushing due to the RSF. Both cylinders 1, 2 are rotated in direction opposite, at the same speed. They are carried by bearings 3, 4, schematically represented, of two supports 5, 6 mounted on a chassis 7. Support 5, and therefore the axis of the corresponding cylinder 1 is fixed by relative to the chassis 7. The other support 6 is movable in translation on the chassis 7. Its position is adjustable and determined by thrust cylinders 9 acting from so as to bring the supports 5, 6, one apart the other.
- Means for measuring the spreading force cylinders such as load cells 8 are arranged between the fixed support 5 and the chassis 7. Sensors 10 measure the position of the mobile support 6, and therefore the position variations with respect to a predetermined set position according to the desired thickness of the strip.
- the molten metal is spilled between the cylinders, and begins to solidify at contact of their cooled walls by forming skins solidified which are driven by the rotation of cylinders and meet substantially at the neck 11 between the cylinders to form the solidified strip pulled down.
- the metal exerts on the cylinders a spreading force (RSF), measured by weigh 8, this effort being variable in particular depending the degree of solidification of the metal.
- RSF spreading force
- the casting installation includes a regulation system.
- the difference between the effort setpoint signal and the effort signal measured by the effort sensor 8 is calculated by a first comparator 12.
- the signal for this difference is introduced into a regulator force 13 which determines a position setpoint signal introduced into a second comparator 14.
- the force signal measured by the force sensor 8 is also introduced into a runout compensation system 15 which performs a decomposition into harmonics of the force signal and generates signals H 1 , H 2 , H 3 for compensation of each of said harmonics.
- These signals H 1 , H 2 and H 3 are added to an adder 16 which generates a position correction setpoint signal which is transmitted to the second comparator 14.
- the output signal from the second comparator 14 is introduced into a third comparator 17 as well as a position signal from the position sensor 10.
- the output signal from the third comparator 17 is introduced into the position regulator 18 which controls the jacks 9.
- This cruise control 21 receives a signal from a thickness regulator 22 receiving itself a thickness reference signal, the signal force emitted by the force sensor 8 and the signal position emitted by the position sensor 10.
- An action on the cylinders 9 is executed automatically by this regulation system, which allows for example to act on the cylinders 9 in the direction leading to a spacing of the cylinders to reduce the spreading force (RSF), or vice versa in the direction a bringing together of the cylinders to increase the effort.
- this system allows for a at least partial compensation for the normal false round, i.e. to compensate for any existing misalignment between the axis of the ferrule and its axis of rotation as well as irregularities in the shape of a cylinder, that these are of mechanical or thermal origin.
- the system of regulation then takes these shape defects into account and of coaxiality to give a displacement instruction to thrust cylinders 9 controlling the air gap of the cylinders in order to keep this air gap as constant as possible during the rotation of the cylinders.
- the values H i are then calculated as indicated above, that is to say by performing an average of the amplitudes h i over a predetermined number of revolutions of the cylinders, for example over the last ten revolutions. It will be noted that the preceding method for calculating the coefficients H i is given only by way of example and is not at all limiting.
- the values H i representative of each harmonic of rank i can also be calculated as being the effective value of the amplitude h i of the harmonics or any other calculated value characterizing these said harmonics, this calculation being able to be made according to an arithmetic mean, according to the least squares method or any other method.
- the values H i are representative of the relative amplitude of each harmonic of rank i and of frequency F i .
- the ratio R f B F / F 0 , F 0 corresponding to the frequency of rotation of the cylinders is then calculated.
- a comparison of these different calculated criteria during casting with a predetermined threshold allows then to detect for the casting in progress if such fault appears.
- Figures 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d which show variations of different parameters measured and calculated during a casting process with compensation for runout deemed good
- Figures 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d which show comparatively the curves obtained during casting with defects in shiny bands.
- Figures 3a and 4a show the variations of the spacing force of the cylinders expressed in percentage of allowable RSF, measured for 40 minutes from the start of casting.
- Figures 3b and 4b show the evolution during this time of parameter A, i.e. the average amplitude over 10 turns, in ⁇ m, of the displacement of the bearings of the mobile cylinder controlled by the compensation module of the false round.
- Figures 3c and 4c show in correspondence evolution of the parameter R.
- Figures 3d and 4d show in correspondence on the same graph the changes in the values H 0 , H 1 and H 2 , representative of the amplitudes of the harmonics of rank 0, 1 and 2, the first (H 0 ) being represented at the bottom of the diagram. , the second (H 1 ) in the middle and the third (H 2 ) at the top.
- the invention is not limited to the calculation methods of the various parameters indicated above only at as an example.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Safety Devices In Control Systems (AREA)
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9613777 | 1996-11-07 | ||
FR9613777A FR2755385B1 (fr) | 1996-11-07 | 1996-11-07 | Procede de detection de defauts lors d'une coulee continue entre cylindres |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0841112A1 EP0841112A1 (fr) | 1998-05-13 |
EP0841112B1 true EP0841112B1 (fr) | 2000-05-24 |
Family
ID=9497541
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97402589A Expired - Lifetime EP0841112B1 (fr) | 1996-11-07 | 1997-10-31 | Procédé de coulée continue entre cylindres |
Country Status (24)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5927375A (tr) |
EP (1) | EP0841112B1 (tr) |
JP (1) | JP3907023B2 (tr) |
KR (1) | KR100540617B1 (tr) |
CN (1) | CN1069240C (tr) |
AT (1) | ATE193233T1 (tr) |
AU (1) | AU717254B2 (tr) |
BR (1) | BR9705436A (tr) |
CA (1) | CA2220887C (tr) |
CZ (1) | CZ291523B6 (tr) |
DE (1) | DE69702104T2 (tr) |
DK (1) | DK0841112T3 (tr) |
ES (1) | ES2146072T3 (tr) |
FR (1) | FR2755385B1 (tr) |
GR (1) | GR3033604T3 (tr) |
PL (1) | PL184806B1 (tr) |
PT (1) | PT841112E (tr) |
RO (1) | RO119773B1 (tr) |
RU (1) | RU2169053C2 (tr) |
SK (1) | SK282849B6 (tr) |
TR (1) | TR199701327A2 (tr) |
TW (1) | TW358045B (tr) |
UA (1) | UA62912C2 (tr) |
ZA (1) | ZA979752B (tr) |
Families Citing this family (29)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100333070B1 (ko) * | 1997-12-20 | 2002-10-18 | 주식회사 포스코 | 쌍롤식박판주조장치에서의에지댐위치제어방법 |
AUPP852699A0 (en) * | 1999-02-05 | 1999-03-04 | Bhp Steel (Jla) Pty Limited | Strip casting apparatus |
AUPP852499A0 (en) | 1999-02-05 | 1999-03-04 | Bhp Steel (Jla) Pty Limited | Casting metal strip |
US6837301B2 (en) * | 1999-02-05 | 2005-01-04 | Castrip Llc | Strip casting apparatus |
AUPQ818000A0 (en) * | 2000-06-15 | 2000-07-06 | Bhp Steel (Jla) Pty Limited | Strip casting |
US6988530B2 (en) * | 2000-06-15 | 2006-01-24 | Castrip Llc | Strip casting |
DE10039015C1 (de) * | 2000-08-10 | 2002-01-17 | Sms Demag Ag | Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Überwachen der Drehlager, insbesondere der Wälzlager, von in einem Stützrollengerüst von Metall-, insbesondere von Stahl-Stranggießvorrichtungen, gelagerten Stranggießstützrollen |
KR100851195B1 (ko) * | 2002-07-02 | 2008-08-08 | 주식회사 포스코 | 쌍롤식 박판 주조 공정에서의 롤 압하력 및 롤 갭 제어방법 |
KR100882134B1 (ko) * | 2002-07-02 | 2009-02-06 | 주식회사 포스코 | 쌍롤식 박판 주조 공정에서의 롤 압하력 제어 방법 |
ITMI20021505A1 (it) * | 2002-07-10 | 2004-01-12 | Danieli Off Mecc | Dispositivo di supporto di rulli per colata continua di nastro metallico |
KR100895070B1 (ko) * | 2002-08-29 | 2009-04-27 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | 연속주조중 세그먼트 롤 진단방법 |
KR100833006B1 (ko) * | 2002-08-30 | 2008-05-27 | 주식회사 포스코 | 쌍롤형 박판주조 제어 장치 및 방법 |
AT411822B (de) † | 2002-09-12 | 2004-06-25 | Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum starten eines giessvorganges |
AT412072B (de) * | 2002-10-15 | 2004-09-27 | Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen herstellung eines dünnen stahlbandes |
SE527507C2 (sv) † | 2004-07-13 | 2006-03-28 | Abb Ab | En anordning och ett förfarande för stabilisering av ett metalliskt föremål samt en användning av anordningen |
US7168478B2 (en) * | 2005-06-28 | 2007-01-30 | Nucor Corporation | Method of making thin cast strip using twin-roll caster and apparatus therefor |
KR100650561B1 (ko) | 2005-12-20 | 2006-11-30 | 주식회사 포스코 | 주조롤 반발력 제어 방법 |
US7308930B2 (en) * | 2006-03-09 | 2007-12-18 | Nucor Corporation | Method of continuous casting steel strip |
US7556084B2 (en) * | 2006-03-24 | 2009-07-07 | Nucor Corporation | Long wear side dams |
US7503375B2 (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2009-03-17 | Nucor Corporation | Method and apparatus for continuously casting thin strip |
US7650925B2 (en) * | 2006-08-28 | 2010-01-26 | Nucor Corporation | Identifying and reducing causes of defects in thin cast strip |
DE102008014524A1 (de) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-02 | Sms Demag Ag | Stranggießanlage mit einer Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung von Erstarrungszuständen eines Gießstrangs und Verfahren hierfür |
US8028741B2 (en) * | 2008-11-06 | 2011-10-04 | Nucor Corporation | Strip casting apparatus with improved side dam force control |
US8322402B2 (en) * | 2009-09-23 | 2012-12-04 | Nucor Corporation | Method and apparatus for controlling strip temperature rebound in cast strip |
EP2436459A1 (de) * | 2010-09-29 | 2012-04-04 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Positionierung mindestens einer von zwei Gießrollen in einem kontinuierlichen Gießverfahren zur Herstellung eines Metallbands |
JP5837758B2 (ja) | 2011-04-27 | 2015-12-24 | キャストリップ・リミテッド・ライアビリティ・カンパニー | 双ロール鋳造装置及びその制御方法 |
US10046384B2 (en) | 2015-09-30 | 2018-08-14 | Nucor Corporation | Side dam with pocket |
EP3676033A4 (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2021-04-28 | Nucor Corporation | CONTROL OF ITERATIVE LEARNING FOR PERIODIC DISTURBANCES IN TWO-ROLLER BELT CASTING WITH MEASUREMENT DELAY |
CN110849928B (zh) * | 2019-10-17 | 2022-05-03 | 浙江工业大学 | 一种超声滚压加工温度测量分析方法 |
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US4222254A (en) * | 1979-03-12 | 1980-09-16 | Aluminum Company Of America | Gauge control using estimate of roll eccentricity |
JPS6083747A (ja) * | 1983-10-12 | 1985-05-13 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | 回転鋳造装置 |
JPS61200453A (ja) * | 1985-03-01 | 1986-09-05 | Nippon Steel Corp | 連続鋳造における鋳造欠陥検出方法 |
JPS61212451A (ja) * | 1985-03-15 | 1986-09-20 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | 双ドラム式連鋳機 |
JPH0615096B2 (ja) * | 1985-04-05 | 1994-03-02 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 薄板連続鋳造方法 |
JPS626740A (ja) * | 1985-07-02 | 1987-01-13 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | 溶鋼の薄板連鋳法 |
US4678023A (en) * | 1985-12-24 | 1987-07-07 | Aluminum Company Of America | Closed loop delivery gauge control in roll casting |
JPS62254915A (ja) * | 1986-04-30 | 1987-11-06 | Toshiba Corp | 多重圧延機のロ−ル偏芯除去制御装置 |
CA1284681C (en) * | 1986-07-09 | 1991-06-04 | Alcan International Limited | Methods and apparatus for the detection and correction of roll eccentricity in rolling mills |
JPH0787971B2 (ja) * | 1988-09-16 | 1995-09-27 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 双ロール式連続鋳造方法及びその装置 |
JP2849186B2 (ja) * | 1990-08-21 | 1999-01-20 | 日新製鋼株式会社 | 連続鋳造設備におけるロールの異常検出方法 |
JP3135282B2 (ja) * | 1991-05-28 | 2001-02-13 | 日新製鋼株式会社 | 薄板連鋳法 |
JP3016632B2 (ja) * | 1991-07-09 | 2000-03-06 | 日新製鋼株式会社 | 双ロール式連鋳機の運転制御法 |
US5203188A (en) * | 1991-09-16 | 1993-04-20 | Morgan Construction Company | System and method for monitoring a rolling mill |
FR2728817A1 (fr) * | 1994-12-29 | 1996-07-05 | Usinor Sacilor | Procede de regulation pour la coulee continue entre cylindres |
-
1996
- 1996-11-07 FR FR9613777A patent/FR2755385B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-10-27 CA CA002220887A patent/CA2220887C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-10-30 AU AU43611/97A patent/AU717254B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-10-30 ZA ZA9709752A patent/ZA979752B/xx unknown
- 1997-10-31 DK DK97402589T patent/DK0841112T3/da active
- 1997-10-31 DE DE69702104T patent/DE69702104T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-31 PT PT97402589T patent/PT841112E/pt unknown
- 1997-10-31 AT AT97402589T patent/ATE193233T1/de active
- 1997-10-31 EP EP97402589A patent/EP0841112B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-31 ES ES97402589T patent/ES2146072T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-04 SK SK1486-97A patent/SK282849B6/sk not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-11-06 KR KR1019970058548A patent/KR100540617B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-11-06 UA UA97115388A patent/UA62912C2/uk unknown
- 1997-11-06 CZ CZ19973513A patent/CZ291523B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-11-06 RU RU97118650/02A patent/RU2169053C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-11-07 CN CN97114366A patent/CN1069240C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-07 TR TR97/01327A patent/TR199701327A2/tr unknown
- 1997-11-07 JP JP32243497A patent/JP3907023B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-11-07 RO RO97-02059A patent/RO119773B1/ro unknown
- 1997-11-07 PL PL97323065A patent/PL184806B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-11-07 US US08/966,115 patent/US5927375A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-25 TW TW086117649A patent/TW358045B/zh active
- 1997-12-31 BR BR9705436A patent/BR9705436A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2000
- 2000-06-06 GR GR20000401290T patent/GR3033604T3/el unknown
Also Published As
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