EP0827167B1 - Elektrischer Schalter, insbesondere für Fahrzeuge - Google Patents
Elektrischer Schalter, insbesondere für Fahrzeuge Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0827167B1 EP0827167B1 EP96113712A EP96113712A EP0827167B1 EP 0827167 B1 EP0827167 B1 EP 0827167B1 EP 96113712 A EP96113712 A EP 96113712A EP 96113712 A EP96113712 A EP 96113712A EP 0827167 B1 EP0827167 B1 EP 0827167B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact
- switch
- parts
- makers
- pieces
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
- H01H13/02—Details
- H01H13/023—Light-emitting indicators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
- H01H13/50—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member
- H01H13/56—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member the contact returning to its original state upon the next application of operating force
- H01H13/562—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a single operating member the contact returning to its original state upon the next application of operating force making use of a heart shaped cam
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrical switch, especially for vehicles, with a variety of pen-like Contact parts that are parallel to each other in the switch housing standing in the same direction and in groups can be connected to different potentials.
- Such switches or buttons can in particular as Main switch in different vehicle types and devices e.g. for airplanes, motor vehicles, tractors, lifting machines or conveyor systems. It is common, e.g. one To design main switches for tractors as pushbutton switches, with a large number of contact parts in groups is interconnected, in which the individual contact parts in several groups of the same potential are electrically summarized and in which the various Groups of the circularly distributed contact parts to different Potentials can be connected.
- the single ones Contact parts of a group are designed differently and accordingly have different switching functions on.
- the contact parts extend essentially in the Axis direction of the switch and are radially deflectable. she can be contacted with fixed contact pieces that are outside a switch housing in plug contacts for one Cable connector ends.
- the contact parts are designed so that in the different switch positions the contacts to the fixed contact pieces either opened or closed or are always closed for potential supply.
- the single ones Contact parts in each group are from one another Angle of 90 ° to the axis segment extending ring segment bent and together with this form a contact segment, whose ring segment with an axially displaceable plunger e.g. is firmly connected by rivets.
- switches are used for different types of tractors used, each a different configuration of the condition individual groups of the contact parts, each in essentially the number and type of each group summarized contact parts vary. This means that for each tractor version with different switching functions its own switch with specially trained contact groups must be manufactured. A manufacturer for such switches can therefore be required a large variety of create differently configured contact groups, which is a corresponding multitude of different Punching tools and injection molds require. With every new one Switch type must first new special stamping tools and Injection molds are created whatever the delivery time extended accordingly and what only because of the high cost higher quantities comes into question.
- US-A-3,794,794 discloses an electrical switch the features of the preamble of claim 1 includes.
- One problem is that different Switch types with different switching schemes not without own tools can be created. The one here the time required is relatively large.
- the invention is therefore based on the object Tool effort in the production of different Reduce contact groups.
- the different contact groups do not have to be on Tappets are attached, but can be used together with the Intermediate layers stacked and e.g. by means of a Locking disc can be fixed in the switch. This simplifies the Installation of the contact groups considerably. Another advantage is that for everyone configured differently Contact groups can use the same tools. New switch types can be manufactured in the shortest possible time without having to create new tools.
- the annular discs make it possible arrange the contact parts in a circular distribution so that the Contact parts in any distribution to the individual contact groups can be assigned.
- the separate contact pieces according to claim 2 can be different Have switching functions and in any Distribution to the contact parts designed as contact bearings be scheduled.
- the contact pieces are designed that in the starting position of the ram from the fixed contact pieces separated or contacted with them are. In the functional position of the plunger are then Switching functions interchanged.
- the contact parts according to claim 5 can with appropriate Equipped with the switching pieces any switching functions can be assigned without requiring any special tooling requirement.
- the connectors according to claim 6 serve the potential supply and set regardless of the switch position of the Plunger a permanent connection between the plug contacts the fixed contact pieces and the contact parts. They are compatible with the contact blocks and can therefore can be placed anywhere.
- a switch for a tractor has a switch housing 1, a push button 2 and plug contacts 3 for a cable connector.
- the push button 2 is arranged on the operating side of the substantially cylindrical switch housing 1 on the end face coaxially.
- the plug contacts 3 for the cable connector are located on the rear of the switch housing 1 opposite the push button 2.
- the switch housing 1 is provided with a thread 4 for a nut for screwing with a body part, not shown.
- An elastomeric bellows 6 for sealing the housing is attached between a transparent control button 5 of the pushbutton 2 and the switch housing 1.
- Fig. 2 consists of an upper and a lower figure. The two switch positions of the switch are shown schematically. Three separate circuits are routed via the switch, which can have different voltage potentials. The arrows pointing upward indicate the incoming plug contacts 3, via which the voltage potentials are supplied. These are switchably connected in the switch via contact devices to the outgoing plug contacts 3, which are marked by the downward-pointing arrows.
- the contact devices point to the outgoing plug contacts 3 assigned contact parts designed as contact bearings 15 and contact pieces 13 articulated thereon, whose switching position by adjusting an actuator, like a plunger 8, changed at the same time can be.
- a subset of the switching pieces 13 is designed that they are in the rest position of the actuator are connected to the associated plug contacts, while the connection to the other contact pieces 13 the associated plug contacts is interrupted.
- the incoming Plug contacts 3 are compatible with the contact pieces 13 Associated connectors 21 by the actuator cannot be recorded and which are independent of the position of the actuator in the closed Switch position remain.
- the three contact parts 15 arranged on the left are closed here a contact group 16 summarized, which together with the associated switching pieces 13 and plug contacts 3 a Form two-way switch in which the two outgoing plug contacts 3 alternately with the incoming plug contact 3 are connected.
- the remaining contact parts 15 are two further contact groups 16 summarized together with the associated switching pieces 13 and the connecting pieces 21 form two on and off switches, one each open and the other is closed.
- an electric light bulb 7 is used as an illuminated display inside the push button 2.
- the push button 2 is connected to a plunger 8 on which an indexing pin 9 of a fixing device 10 with an overtravel release is pivotally attached.
- the fixing device 10 serves to fix the push button with the plunger in two different displacement positions, which correspond to two different switching positions. By omitting the indexing pin 9, the switch can be converted into a simple button.
- the plug contacts 3 are components of fixed contact pieces 27, from the rear of the switch housing 1 ago protrude into its interior and there contact points 11 for contact rivets 12 of the movably mounted contact pieces 13 form. These extend essentially in the longitudinal direction of the switch along an outer wall of the switch housing 1. Your other end is bent inwards and forms a holding leg 24, with which it is used as a contact bearing trained contact parts 15 of the contact groups 16 are hooked in contact.
- the switching pieces 13 and the Contact parts 15 are for easier assembly in a cage-like stored separate housing part 32.
- the contact groups 16 shown in more detail in FIG. 7 each consist of an annular contact disk 17 and at least two of the contact parts 15, which extend in the longitudinal direction of the switch and are bent perpendicular to the contact disk 17.
- Several of the contact disks 17 are stacked and fixed one above the other with insulating intermediate layers 18 in the axial direction of the switch in the switch housing 1, the contact parts 15 of the different contact groups 16 complementing one another to form a circular arrangement.
- the contact parts 15 of the other contact group 16 are omitted at the points at which the contact parts 15 of one contact group 16 are arranged.
- thin spring washers 19 are inserted between the contact disks 17 and the intermediate layers 18, which are contacted by means of resilient contact arms 20 with sliding contacts 14 of the incandescent lamp 7.
- the contact parts 15 are radial before bending Contact disks 17 from. Each of these boards is original with all contact parts 15 for each of the maximum possible circular positions. At this stage, with With the help of a simple cutting tool, the contact parts 15 e.g. successively cut off at positions are located on which contact parts 15 in the other two Contact groups are provided. So there are only those Contact parts left in positions which the other contact groups have no contact parts 15. After bending the contact parts 15 in the direction On the operator side, the contact groups are in the switch housing 1 inserted and fixed in a row. The contact parts 15 of all contact groups 16 then together form one circular row which corresponds to the arrangement of the plug contacts 3 on the back of the case.
- the contact parts 15 have a widened heel with stop shoulders at the foot end 31 and laterally opposite recesses 22 on the width of the contact part 15 decrease this point.
- the spacing of the shoulder shoulders 31 to the associated contact disks 17 are different large and held so that all stop shoulders 31 in lie on one level.
- the rest of the contact parts 15 is used to guide helical compression springs 23 between the switch housing 1 and the holding legs 24 clamped are.
- the shape of the switching pieces 13 and the connecting pieces 21 can also be seen from FIG. 7. They point to theirs Contact rivets 12 facing away from the inside bent Holding leg 24 on. These are open to the side Breakthrough 25 provided for the contact parts 15.
- the width the opening 25 is adapted to the width of the contact part 15.
- the width of the lateral opening of the opening 25 is the width of the contact part 15 at the recess 22 customized.
- the holding leg 24 is initially the same Height brought with the recess of the contact part 15 and transversely moved so far against the contact part 15 that whose section with reduced width in the breakthrough 25 arrives. Then the holding leg 24 by the attached Helical compression spring 23 against the stop shoulders 31 pressed. In this position, the width of the breakthrough 25 located section of the contact part 15 larger than the width of the side opening, so that the switching piece 13 or the connecting piece 21 in a form-fitting manner on the contact part is held. However, this fixation is so compliant that the switching piece 13 or connector 21 is articulated is radially pivoted.
- the plunger 8 according to FIG. 3 is assigned a drive part designed as a toothed ring 28, which has radially directed switching shoulders 29 on its outside.
- the switching pieces 13 have inwardly curved cam-like projections 30 which protrude into the displacement path of the switching shoulders 29. If these are at the level of the projections 30, the switching pieces 13 are deflected outward and lifted from the contact points 11 of the fixed contact pieces 27, whereby the electrical connection is interrupted.
- the projection 30 is located at a point which is only reached by the switching shoulder 29 when the plunger 8 is pressed in. This functional position is shown in Fig. 4.
- the contact piece 13 is lifted off the fixed contact piece 27 here.
- the projection 30 is released again and the contact is closed.
- Fig. 5 shows a partial section through the switch in another angular plane.
- this there is another contact piece 13 with the reverse switching function.
- the projection 30 is arranged here so that the switching piece 13 is lifted from the fixed contact piece 27 in the starting position and the contact is interrupted.
- the plunger 8 is pushed forward into the functional position of the switching shoulder 29 indicated by dash-dotted lines, the projection 30 is released and the contact is closed.
- Fig. 6 shows another partial section, which exposes the connecting piece 21. This has no protrusion and therefore remains in the closed switch position in both positions of the plunger.
Landscapes
- Push-Button Switches (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Hauptschalters für einen Traktor,
- Fig. 2
- ein im Schalter nach Fig. 1 realisiertes Schaltschema,
- Fig. 3
- einen vergrößerten axialen Schnitt durch den Schalter nach Fig. 1 in der Ausgangsstellung,
- Fig. 4
- einen Halbschnitt durch den Schalter nach Fig. 3 in der Funktionsstellung,
- Fig. 5
- einen Teilschnitt in einer anderen Winkelebene durch den Schalter nach Fig. 1,
- Fig. 6
- einen Teilschnitt in einer weiteren Winkelebene durch den Schalter nach Fig. 1 und
- Fig. 7
- eine auseinandergezogene perspektivische Darstellung von Teilen des Schalters nach Fig. 1.
- 1
- Schaltergehäuse
- 2
- Drucktaste
- 3
- Steckkontakt
- 4
- Gewinde
- 5
- Bedienknopf
- 6
- Balg
- 7
- Glühlampe
- 8
- Stößel
- 9
- Indexierstift
- 10
- Fixiereinrichtung
- 11
- Kontaktstelle
- 12
- Kontaktniet
- 13
- Schaltstück
- 14
- Schleifkontakt
- 15
- Kontaktteil
- 16
- Kontaktgruppe
- 17
- Kontaktscheibe
- 18
- Zwischenlage
- 19
- Federscheibe
- 20
- Kontaktarm
- 21
- Verbindungsstück
- 22
- Ausnehmung
- 23
- Schraubendruckfeder
- 24
- Halteschenkel
- 25
- Durchbruch
- 26
- Biegefeder
- 27
- Kontaktstück
- 28
- Zahnkranz
- 29
- Schaltschulter
- 30
- Vorsprung
- 31
- Anschlagschultern
- 32
- Gehäuseteil
Claims (8)
- Elektrischer Schalter, insbesondere für Fahrzeuge, mit einer Vielzahl von stiftartigen Kontaktteilen (15), die im Schaltergehäuse (1) parallel zueinander stehend in die gleiche Richtung ragen und gruppenweise an unterschiedliche Potentiale anschließbar sind, wobei für jedes der Potentiale eine Kontaktscheibe (17) vorgesehen ist, die die zugehörigen Kontaktteile (15) trägt, wobei die Kontaktscheiben (17) im wesentlichen gleiche Abmessungen aufweisen und übereinander gestapelt angeordnet und durch Zwischenlagen (18) aus Isolierstoff voneinander getrennt sind, wobei die Kontaktteile (15) von den Kontaktscheiben (17) alle in die gleiche Richtung abgebogen sind und wobei an der Stelle, an der eine der Kontaktscheiben (17) ein Kontaktteil (15) aufweist, die Kontaktteile (15) von den anderen Kontaktscheiben (17) abgetrennt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet,dass die Kontaktteile (15) der verschiedenen ringförmigen Kontaktscheiben (17) kreisförmig verteilt angeordnet sind, dass die Kontaktteile (15) im ungebogenen Zustand sternförmig von den Kontaktscheiben (17) abstehen, dass die nicht benötigten Kontaktteile (15) in diesem Zustand von den Kontaktscheiben (17) abschneidbar sind, und dass die nicht abgetrennten Kontaktteile (15) senkrecht zur Scheibenebene abgebogen sind.
- Schalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß an die als Kontaktlager ausgebildeten Kontaktteile (15) bewegliche Schaltstücke (13) angesetzt sind, die mit festen Kontaktstücken (27) schaltbar kontaktiert sind, und
daß die festen Kontaktstücke (27) aus dem Schalter herausragen und in diesem Abschnitt als Steckkontakte (3) für einen Kabelstecker ausgebildet sind. - Schalter nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schalter als Drucktastschalter mit einem im wesentlichen zylindrischen Schaltergehäuse (1) ausgebildet ist,daß der Schalter einen zentralen axial verschiebbaren Stößel (8) aufweist, der fest mit einem radial abstehenden Antriebsteil verbunden ist, das mit radial abstehenden Schaltschultern (29) versehen ist,daß sich die beweglichen Schaltstücke (13) im wesentlichen in der Längsrichtung des schalters erstrecken, unddaß die gegen den Stößel (8) federnd vorgespannten Schaltstücke (13) in die Richtung des Stößels (8) ausgebogene nockenartige Vorsprünge (30) aufweisen, die von den Schaltschultern (29) des Stößels (8) zur radialen Auslenkung der Schaltstücke (13) betätigbar sind.
- Schalter nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß das Antriebsteil als scheibenförmiger Zahnkranz (28) ausgebildet ist, zwischen dessen Zähnen die Schaltschultern (29) angeordnet sind.
- Schalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mehrere Typen von Schaltstücken (13) mit unterschiedlich ausgebildeten und angeordneten Vorsprüngen (30) vorgesehen sind, die in den beiden Verschiebestellungen des Stößels (8) unterschiedliche Schaltstellungen ermöglichen.
- Schalter nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zusätzlich zu den Schaltstücken (13) bzw. anstelle der Schaltstücke zu diesen kompatible Verbindungsstücke (21) angeordnet sind, die keine Vorsprünge aufweisen, und die zu den festen Kontaktstücken (27) in jeder Verschiebestellung des Stößels (8) eine geschlossene Schaltstellung aufweisen, und daß die Verbindungsstücke (21) in gleicher Weise wie die Schaltstücke (13) montierbar und mit den Kontaktstücken (27) kontaktiert sind.
- Schalter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurchgekennzeichnet, daß die Schaltstücke (13) und die Verbindungsstücke (21) mittels separater Biegefedern (26) gegen die Kontaktstellen (11) der festen Kontaktstücke (27) drückbar sind.
- Schalter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schaltstücke (13) an ihren den Kontaktteilen (15) zugewandten Enden zur Schalterachse hin nach innen abgebogene Halteschenkel (24) aufweisen, die mittels Spiraldruckfedern (23) gegen Anschlagschultern der Kontaktteile (15) gedrückt sind,daß die Kontaktteile (15) im Anschluß an die Anschlagschultern durch seitliche Ausnehmungen in ihrer Breite verringert sind,daß die Halteschenkel (24) einen seitlich offenen Durchbruch (25) für die Kontaktteile (15) aufweisen, dessen Weite der Breite des Kontaktteils (15) angepaßt ist, unddaß die Weite der seitlichen Öffnung des Durchbruchs (25) der Breite des Kontaktteils (15) an der Ausnehmung (22) angepaßt ist.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE59610456T DE59610456D1 (de) | 1996-08-28 | 1996-08-28 | Elektrischer Schalter, insbesondere für Fahrzeuge |
| EP96113712A EP0827167B1 (de) | 1996-08-28 | 1996-08-28 | Elektrischer Schalter, insbesondere für Fahrzeuge |
| US08/919,034 US6124556A (en) | 1996-08-28 | 1997-08-27 | Electrical switch, in particular for vehicles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96113712A EP0827167B1 (de) | 1996-08-28 | 1996-08-28 | Elektrischer Schalter, insbesondere für Fahrzeuge |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0827167A1 EP0827167A1 (de) | 1998-03-04 |
| EP0827167B1 true EP0827167B1 (de) | 2003-05-21 |
Family
ID=8223132
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96113712A Expired - Lifetime EP0827167B1 (de) | 1996-08-28 | 1996-08-28 | Elektrischer Schalter, insbesondere für Fahrzeuge |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6124556A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0827167B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE59610456D1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6953905B2 (en) * | 2002-07-18 | 2005-10-11 | Maxera Llc | Electrical switch |
| ITTO20030463A1 (it) * | 2003-06-18 | 2004-12-19 | Olsa Spa | Interruttore per plafoniere. |
| USD736722S1 (en) * | 2014-02-12 | 2015-08-18 | Ching-Hsiung Chu | Touch switch |
| DE102017114227B4 (de) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-11-29 | Defond Components Limited | Elektrische Schaltereinheit für ein Elektrogerät und Elektrogerät |
| AU2019362025B2 (en) | 2018-10-18 | 2022-09-08 | Channel Products, Inc. | Gas appliance ignition module |
| USD939456S1 (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2021-12-28 | Channel Products, Inc. | Gas appliance ignition switch |
| USD1110284S1 (en) * | 2024-07-18 | 2026-01-27 | Shenzhen Billda Technology Co., Ltd | Explosion-proof switch |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3794794A (en) * | 1972-11-10 | 1974-02-26 | Ford Motor Co | Impact responsive switch with frangible element holding contact plunger in unactivated position |
| DE2838934C2 (de) * | 1978-09-07 | 1986-07-31 | J. & J. Marquardt, 7201 Rietheim-Weilheim | Elektrischer Schalter |
| US4357589A (en) * | 1980-09-15 | 1982-11-02 | Robertshaw Controls Company | Temperature responsive electrical switch construction, parts therefor and methods of making the same |
| US4384176A (en) * | 1981-10-30 | 1983-05-17 | Emhart Industries, Inc. | Double acting switch |
| EP0188215B1 (de) * | 1985-01-08 | 1992-08-05 | Omron Tateisi Electronics Co. | Drucktastenschalter |
-
1996
- 1996-08-28 EP EP96113712A patent/EP0827167B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-08-28 DE DE59610456T patent/DE59610456D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-08-27 US US08/919,034 patent/US6124556A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US6124556A (en) | 2000-09-26 |
| EP0827167A1 (de) | 1998-03-04 |
| DE59610456D1 (de) | 2003-06-26 |
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