EP0786531B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour la refusion de métaux sous forme de barres - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour la refusion de métaux sous forme de barres Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0786531B1
EP0786531B1 EP96120752A EP96120752A EP0786531B1 EP 0786531 B1 EP0786531 B1 EP 0786531B1 EP 96120752 A EP96120752 A EP 96120752A EP 96120752 A EP96120752 A EP 96120752A EP 0786531 B1 EP0786531 B1 EP 0786531B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
billet
chill mould
cross
electrode
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96120752A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0786531B2 (fr
EP0786531A1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Dipl.-Ing. Dr.Mont. Holzgruber
Harald Dipl.-Ing. Holzgruber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Inteco Internationale Techinsche Beratung GmbH
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Inteco Internationale Techinsche Beratung GmbH
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Application filed by Inteco Internationale Techinsche Beratung GmbH filed Critical Inteco Internationale Techinsche Beratung GmbH
Publication of EP0786531A1 publication Critical patent/EP0786531A1/fr
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Publication of EP0786531B2 publication Critical patent/EP0786531B2/fr
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/16—Remelting metals
    • C22B9/18—Electroslag remelting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
    • B22D23/06—Melting-down metal, e.g. metal particles, in the mould
    • B22D23/10—Electroslag casting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for continuous remelting of metals - especially of steels as well as Ni and Co-base alloys - to a strand by melting at least a self-consuming electrode in an electrically conductive Slag bath, which is in a short, open at the bottom Mold is provided.
  • the invention also relates to a device to carry out this procedure.
  • DE 1 932 763 A is a device for carrying out the Electro-slag refining process with a water-cooled, vertically arranged mold for raw blocks in particular high-alloy steel; this mold is double-walled and offers you the outer dimensions of the one to be created Raw block determining lower area, its inner cross section at most equal to the cross section of one in a warm one Slag bath is consumable electrode to be melted, wherein the lower mold area preferably in an upward direction merges conically widening intermediate area and this again in an expanded upper mold area.
  • the lower mold area preferably in an upward direction merges conically widening intermediate area and this again in an expanded upper mold area.
  • GB 1 413 508 A discloses a mold in the mold wall installed a non-consumable current-conducting element as well connected to the power supply via a rectifier is that both the electrode and the casting cross section - - in relation to the non-consumable element - constantly electric are negatively polarized.
  • the mold takes on a funnel-shaped part that extends upwards Slag bath and thus enables melting of Electrodes whose cross-section is that of the remelting block to be produced is.
  • the melting rates at ESU procedure maximum 100 - 200 kg per hour for the same Formats. This results in sump depths during continuous casting between 4 m and 8 m.
  • the swamp depths in the ESU procedure measure 100 to 300 mm.
  • the inventor was aware of this state of the art set the goal of eliminating the identified shortcomings and an improved process for electro-slag strand melting of metals.
  • the melting rate in kg / h corresponds to 5-15 times the equivalent diameter D eq in mm and the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the melting electrode / s to the cross-sectional area of the one to be produced Pouring cross section is equal to or greater than 1.0. In this case, it must be remelted in a funnel or T mold known per se, the newly formed strand being formed in the lower, narrower part of the mold and the slag bath located above the casting level extending into the funnel-shaped part, where the Dip the tip of the melting electrode into it.
  • the mold can be fixed in a work platform be installed and the strand pulled down become.
  • the strand also likes on a fixed one Base plate built up and the mold raised in the way become as the strand grows. Pulling the Strands or lifting the mold can continuously or step by step.
  • the step length of the Counter stroke step up to 60% of the step length of the trigger stroke step can be.
  • melt current flows through the slag between the electrode tip and melting sump or in biphilar or three-phase systems between the electrodes.
  • Such a current flow is also in the invention Procedure possible.
  • the electrode is connected to one pole of the transformer is while the second pole of the transformer at the same time both with the strand and with at least one current-conducting element built into the mold wall connected is; this current-conducting element is in one extended upper mold part provided, in which the Slag bath in and at the bottom of the The outlet section determining the strand cross section connects.
  • One pole one - either AC or DC emitting - current source 10 is via a supply line 12 with a suspension device 14 of a melting electrode 16 connected.
  • the electrode 16 is by a in the Drawing not shown in detail moves that the free electrode end 17 always in one Slag bath 18 immersed.
  • the slag bath 18 is provided in a mold 20 which in its funnel-like mold bottom 22 a tubular outlet part 24 for a resultant therein Remelting strand 26 has a diameter D. At the top The edge of its wall 28 has the mold 20 projecting radially Flange 30 on, as a support for a counter flange 32 of a gas-tight mountable electrode 16 surrounding hood 34 is used.
  • the current supply to the other pole of the current source 10 takes place either on the line 26 via drive rollers 36 designed as current collectors and a high current return line 40 containing a high current isolator 38 or via current collectors 42 built into the mold wall 28 and another high current return line 40 a connected thereto with high current isolator 38 a . It is also possible to carry current together via line 26 and current collector 42; the return line is selected by actuating the high-current isolators 38 or 38 a mentioned.
  • the proportion of the currents flowing through the current collectors 42 and the drive rollers 36 as contacts - if both of the high-current isolators 38, 38 a provided in the respective high-current return lines 40, 40 a are switched so that current passage is possible - depends on the ratio of the resistances in Slag bath 18 from. These are determined by the height of the slag bath 18 in relation to the current collectors 42 or the distance of the free end 17 of the electrode 16 from the metal mirror 44 in the mold 20 for the remelting strand 26 solidifying in its outlet part 24.
  • the remelting strand 26 is correspondingly driven by the drive rollers 36 the melting of the melting electrode 16 is lowered and the mirror 44 of the liquid metal in the narrower Outlet part 24 of the mold 20 through a control device, in particular a radioactive radiation source 46, supervised.
  • a control device in particular a radioactive radiation source 46, supervised.
  • Drive rollers 36 serve Drive rollers 36 also as a contact for the current return 40 from strand 26 to power source 10.
  • a cutting of the desired product sections from the remelting strand 26 is indicated, for example, by one at 48 Flame cutting system possible.
  • the first melting electrode 16 If the first melting electrode 16 is consumed, it can be removed from the melting area by means (not shown) and replaced by a new electrode 16 a , which reaches the melting position from a waiting position outlined on the right, so that the melting process can be continued ; Continuous operation is made possible by melting several electrodes 16 in succession.
  • the electrode 16 , 16 a and the slag bath 18 are protected against air access by the hood 34 , 34 a, which is sealed against the mold flange 30 by means of its counter flange 32.
  • the remelting can controlled atmosphere and in the absence of atmospheric oxygen take place, with which also the generation ultra-pure remelting strands 26 allows and a burn oxygen-affine elements is prevented.
  • Fuse electrodes 16 are used, their cross-sectional area in relation to the casting cross-section as large can be designated.
  • the mold stroke was adjusted so that the steel level was kept about 20 to 30 mm below the funnel approach in the lower mold part with a diameter of 160 mm .
  • the electrical output was 750 kW at 10 KA and 75 Volts set in the slag bath 18, the energy being about the electrode 16 is introduced into the slag bath 18 and both over the strand 26 as well as over the mold wall 28 derived from the funnel-shaped upper part has been.
  • the mold was 20 with a medium speed of 87 to 95 mm / min. raised, the lifting gradually with about 10 mm stride length.
  • the stroke rate was over a radioactive casting level measurement checked and controlled.
  • a strand 26 of approximately 3.0 m in length was produced.
  • the Surface quality was good, so that before hot working no surface treatment was required.
  • Strand 26 became a stick with 100 mm square without difficulty pre-forged on a forging hammer.
  • the metallographic testing showed a uniform fine-grain carbide distribution. Center increases were not found.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé de refusion de métaux, en particulier d'aciers tels que les alliages à base Ni et Co, en une barre par fusion d'au moins une électrode consommable dans un bain de laitier électriquement conducteur, se trouvant dans un moule métallique ou lingotière courte, ouverte vers le bas,
       caractérisé en ce que
       on impose un débit de fusion en kg/h qui correspond à 1.5 à 30 fois le diamètre (D. Déq) de la barre en mm, le rapport entre la surface de la section transversale d'une ou plusieurs électrode(s) du bain et la surface de section transversale de la section transversale de coulée ou de la barre en cours de fabrication étant choisi supérieur à 0,5.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre équivalent (Déq) de la barre présentant une section transversale différente de la section ronde, est calculé par la formule Déq = U/π, à partir du périmètre (U) de la section transversale de coulée.
  3. Procédé de refusion de métaux dans une lingotière en forme d'entonnoir selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce le débit de fusion en kg/h correspond à 5 à 15 fois le diamètre de barre équivalent (Déq) calculé à partir du périmètre (U) de la section transversale de coulée et en ce que le rapport entre la ou les surface(s) de la ou les électrode(s) de fusion et la surface de section transversale de la section transversale de coulée est égal ou supérieur à 1, la barre se formant à la partie inférieure, rétrécie, de la lingotière en entonnoir, alors que le bain de laitier s'étend dans la partie supérieure évasée de la lingotière.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la barre formée est extraite en continu de la lingotière, le cas échéant la barre formée étant fixe et la lingotière étant levée en continu.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la barre formée est extraite par étapes de la lingotière, le cas échéant la barre formée étant fixe et la lingotière étant levée par étapes.
  6. Procédé selon la revendications 4, caractérisé en ce que la lingotière est déplacée de façon oscillante.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que, après chaque étape de course, on effectue directement une étape de contre-course dans la direction opposée, la longueur de course de l'étape de contre-course étant choisie au plus égale à 60% de la longueur de course de l'étape de course précédente.
  8. Procédé selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé par un courant de fusion s'écoulant entre l'électrode et la barre ou par un courant de fusion s'écoulant entre l'électrode et la lingotière.
  9. Procédé selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé par un courant de fusion s'écoulant entre d'une part l'électrode, et d'autre part, simultanément aussi bien la barre qu'également la lingotière.
  10. Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon au moins l'une des revendications précédentes, avec au moins une électrode (16) ainsi qu'une lingotière (20) associée à une source de courant électrique (10) pour un bain de laitier (18) s'étendant dans une partie (22) de la lingotière évasée vers le haut, au moins un élément (42) conducteur du courant électrique dans la partie de lingotière évasée (22) de la paroi de lingotière (28), ainsi qu'une partie de sortie (24) se raccordant vers le bas à la partie de lingotière et déterminant la section transversale de barre, l'électrode (16) étant raccordée à un pôle de la source de courant (10) et son autre pôle étant relié aussi bien à la barre (26) qu'également au(x) élément(s) (42) conducteur(s) du courant électrique dans la paroi (28) de la lingotière.
EP96120752A 1996-01-29 1996-12-21 Procédé et dispositif pour la refusion de métaux sous forme de barres Expired - Lifetime EP0786531B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT151/96 1996-01-29
AT15196 1996-01-29
AT0015196A AT406384B (de) 1996-01-29 1996-01-29 Verfahren zum elektroschlacke-strangschmelzen von metallen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0786531A1 EP0786531A1 (fr) 1997-07-30
EP0786531B1 true EP0786531B1 (fr) 2000-07-19
EP0786531B2 EP0786531B2 (fr) 2006-08-02

Family

ID=3482892

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96120752A Expired - Lifetime EP0786531B2 (fr) 1996-01-29 1996-12-21 Procédé et dispositif pour la refusion de métaux sous forme de barres

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5799721A (fr)
EP (1) EP0786531B2 (fr)
JP (1) JP3949208B2 (fr)
AT (1) AT406384B (fr)
DE (1) DE19654021C2 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT410412B (de) * 2000-11-10 2003-04-25 Inteco Int Techn Beratung Verfahren zum elektroschlacke umschmelzen von metallen
AT410413B (de) * 2000-11-14 2003-04-25 Inteco Int Techn Beratung Verfahren zum elektroschlacke umschmelzen von metallen

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19614182C1 (de) * 1996-04-11 1997-07-31 Inteco Int Techn Beratung Wassergekühlte Kokille zum Herstellen von Blöcken oder Strängen sowie deren Verwendung
DE19921161B4 (de) * 1999-05-07 2011-01-20 Ald Vacuum Technologies Ag Elektroschlacke-Umschmelzanlage mit einer Kokille und einer Haube
AT408528B (de) * 1999-06-08 2001-12-27 Inteco Int Techn Beratung Verfahren und vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen herstellung von gegossenen oder umgeschmolzenen strängen nach einem elektroschlacke-verfahren
AT409233B (de) * 2000-02-07 2002-06-25 Inteco Int Techn Beratung Verfahren und anordnung zum herstellen von gusskörpern aus metallen
JP2001262245A (ja) * 2000-03-21 2001-09-26 General Electric Co <Ge> 下つぎ式エレクトロスラグ精錬装置及び方法
US20050173092A1 (en) * 2004-02-10 2005-08-11 Kennedy Richard L. Method and apparatus for reducing segregation in metallic ingots
US20100263484A1 (en) * 2005-08-11 2010-10-21 Advanced Intellectual Holdings Pty Ltd Smelting furnace
DE202012010150U1 (de) 2012-10-24 2012-11-29 Egon Evertz Kg (Gmbh & Co.) Anlage zum Elektro-Schlacke-Umschmelzen
DE102015117661A1 (de) * 2015-07-27 2017-02-02 Ald Vacuum Technologies Gmbh Elektroschlacke-Umschmelzanlage
CN111118302B (zh) * 2019-12-31 2022-04-19 浙江正达模具有限公司 金属电渣重熔用结晶器和电渣重熔装置以及电渣重熔方法
DE102021209501B4 (de) 2021-08-30 2023-05-25 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein Stranggießeinrichtung und Verfahren zum Stranggießen

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT410412B (de) * 2000-11-10 2003-04-25 Inteco Int Techn Beratung Verfahren zum elektroschlacke umschmelzen von metallen
AT410413B (de) * 2000-11-14 2003-04-25 Inteco Int Techn Beratung Verfahren zum elektroschlacke umschmelzen von metallen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0786531B2 (fr) 2006-08-02
EP0786531A1 (fr) 1997-07-30
DE19654021A1 (de) 1997-07-31
US5799721A (en) 1998-09-01
AT406384B (de) 2000-04-25
JP3949208B2 (ja) 2007-07-25
JPH09206890A (ja) 1997-08-12
DE19654021C2 (de) 2001-05-31
ATA15196A (de) 1999-09-15

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