EP0786531B1 - Verfahren zum Umschmelzen von Metallen zu einem Strang sowie Vorrichtung dafür - Google Patents
Verfahren zum Umschmelzen von Metallen zu einem Strang sowie Vorrichtung dafür Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0786531B1 EP0786531B1 EP96120752A EP96120752A EP0786531B1 EP 0786531 B1 EP0786531 B1 EP 0786531B1 EP 96120752 A EP96120752 A EP 96120752A EP 96120752 A EP96120752 A EP 96120752A EP 0786531 B1 EP0786531 B1 EP 0786531B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- billet
- chill mould
- cross
- electrode
- section
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/16—Remelting metals
- C22B9/18—Electroslag remelting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
- B22D23/06—Melting-down metal, e.g. metal particles, in the mould
- B22D23/10—Electroslag casting
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for continuous remelting of metals - especially of steels as well as Ni and Co-base alloys - to a strand by melting at least a self-consuming electrode in an electrically conductive Slag bath, which is in a short, open at the bottom Mold is provided.
- the invention also relates to a device to carry out this procedure.
- DE 1 932 763 A is a device for carrying out the Electro-slag refining process with a water-cooled, vertically arranged mold for raw blocks in particular high-alloy steel; this mold is double-walled and offers you the outer dimensions of the one to be created Raw block determining lower area, its inner cross section at most equal to the cross section of one in a warm one Slag bath is consumable electrode to be melted, wherein the lower mold area preferably in an upward direction merges conically widening intermediate area and this again in an expanded upper mold area.
- the lower mold area preferably in an upward direction merges conically widening intermediate area and this again in an expanded upper mold area.
- GB 1 413 508 A discloses a mold in the mold wall installed a non-consumable current-conducting element as well connected to the power supply via a rectifier is that both the electrode and the casting cross section - - in relation to the non-consumable element - constantly electric are negatively polarized.
- the mold takes on a funnel-shaped part that extends upwards Slag bath and thus enables melting of Electrodes whose cross-section is that of the remelting block to be produced is.
- the melting rates at ESU procedure maximum 100 - 200 kg per hour for the same Formats. This results in sump depths during continuous casting between 4 m and 8 m.
- the swamp depths in the ESU procedure measure 100 to 300 mm.
- the inventor was aware of this state of the art set the goal of eliminating the identified shortcomings and an improved process for electro-slag strand melting of metals.
- the melting rate in kg / h corresponds to 5-15 times the equivalent diameter D eq in mm and the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the melting electrode / s to the cross-sectional area of the one to be produced Pouring cross section is equal to or greater than 1.0. In this case, it must be remelted in a funnel or T mold known per se, the newly formed strand being formed in the lower, narrower part of the mold and the slag bath located above the casting level extending into the funnel-shaped part, where the Dip the tip of the melting electrode into it.
- the mold can be fixed in a work platform be installed and the strand pulled down become.
- the strand also likes on a fixed one Base plate built up and the mold raised in the way become as the strand grows. Pulling the Strands or lifting the mold can continuously or step by step.
- the step length of the Counter stroke step up to 60% of the step length of the trigger stroke step can be.
- melt current flows through the slag between the electrode tip and melting sump or in biphilar or three-phase systems between the electrodes.
- Such a current flow is also in the invention Procedure possible.
- the electrode is connected to one pole of the transformer is while the second pole of the transformer at the same time both with the strand and with at least one current-conducting element built into the mold wall connected is; this current-conducting element is in one extended upper mold part provided, in which the Slag bath in and at the bottom of the The outlet section determining the strand cross section connects.
- One pole one - either AC or DC emitting - current source 10 is via a supply line 12 with a suspension device 14 of a melting electrode 16 connected.
- the electrode 16 is by a in the Drawing not shown in detail moves that the free electrode end 17 always in one Slag bath 18 immersed.
- the slag bath 18 is provided in a mold 20 which in its funnel-like mold bottom 22 a tubular outlet part 24 for a resultant therein Remelting strand 26 has a diameter D. At the top The edge of its wall 28 has the mold 20 projecting radially Flange 30 on, as a support for a counter flange 32 of a gas-tight mountable electrode 16 surrounding hood 34 is used.
- the current supply to the other pole of the current source 10 takes place either on the line 26 via drive rollers 36 designed as current collectors and a high current return line 40 containing a high current isolator 38 or via current collectors 42 built into the mold wall 28 and another high current return line 40 a connected thereto with high current isolator 38 a . It is also possible to carry current together via line 26 and current collector 42; the return line is selected by actuating the high-current isolators 38 or 38 a mentioned.
- the proportion of the currents flowing through the current collectors 42 and the drive rollers 36 as contacts - if both of the high-current isolators 38, 38 a provided in the respective high-current return lines 40, 40 a are switched so that current passage is possible - depends on the ratio of the resistances in Slag bath 18 from. These are determined by the height of the slag bath 18 in relation to the current collectors 42 or the distance of the free end 17 of the electrode 16 from the metal mirror 44 in the mold 20 for the remelting strand 26 solidifying in its outlet part 24.
- the remelting strand 26 is correspondingly driven by the drive rollers 36 the melting of the melting electrode 16 is lowered and the mirror 44 of the liquid metal in the narrower Outlet part 24 of the mold 20 through a control device, in particular a radioactive radiation source 46, supervised.
- a control device in particular a radioactive radiation source 46, supervised.
- Drive rollers 36 serve Drive rollers 36 also as a contact for the current return 40 from strand 26 to power source 10.
- a cutting of the desired product sections from the remelting strand 26 is indicated, for example, by one at 48 Flame cutting system possible.
- the first melting electrode 16 If the first melting electrode 16 is consumed, it can be removed from the melting area by means (not shown) and replaced by a new electrode 16 a , which reaches the melting position from a waiting position outlined on the right, so that the melting process can be continued ; Continuous operation is made possible by melting several electrodes 16 in succession.
- the electrode 16 , 16 a and the slag bath 18 are protected against air access by the hood 34 , 34 a, which is sealed against the mold flange 30 by means of its counter flange 32.
- the remelting can controlled atmosphere and in the absence of atmospheric oxygen take place, with which also the generation ultra-pure remelting strands 26 allows and a burn oxygen-affine elements is prevented.
- Fuse electrodes 16 are used, their cross-sectional area in relation to the casting cross-section as large can be designated.
- the mold stroke was adjusted so that the steel level was kept about 20 to 30 mm below the funnel approach in the lower mold part with a diameter of 160 mm .
- the electrical output was 750 kW at 10 KA and 75 Volts set in the slag bath 18, the energy being about the electrode 16 is introduced into the slag bath 18 and both over the strand 26 as well as over the mold wall 28 derived from the funnel-shaped upper part has been.
- the mold was 20 with a medium speed of 87 to 95 mm / min. raised, the lifting gradually with about 10 mm stride length.
- the stroke rate was over a radioactive casting level measurement checked and controlled.
- a strand 26 of approximately 3.0 m in length was produced.
- the Surface quality was good, so that before hot working no surface treatment was required.
- Strand 26 became a stick with 100 mm square without difficulty pre-forged on a forging hammer.
- the metallographic testing showed a uniform fine-grain carbide distribution. Center increases were not found.
Description
Kokille: | Trichterkokille, Durchmesser unten 160 mm, Durchmesser oben 350 mm |
Abschmelzelektrode: | 220 mm Durchmesser |
Stahl: | S 6-5-2 |
Claims (10)
- Verfahren zum Umschmelzen von Metallen, insbesondere von Stählen sowie Ni- und Co-Basislegierungen, zu einem Strang durch Abschmelzen zumindest einer selbstverzehrenden Elektrode in einem elektrisch leitenden Schlackenbad, das in einer kurzen, nach unten offenen Kokille, vorgesehen ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß eine Abschmelzrate in kg/h eingestellt wird, die dem 1,5-fachen bis 30-fachen des Strangdurchmessers (D, Däq) in mm entspricht, wobei das Verhältnis der Querschnittsfläche einer oder mehrerer Abschmelzelektroden zur Querschnittsfläche des Gießquerschnitts oder des herzustellenden Stranges größer als 0,5 gewählt wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch einen aus dem Umfang (U) des Gießquerschnitts errechneten, vom Rundquerschnitt abweichenden äquivalenten Strangdurchmesser (Däq) gemäß der Bezeichnung Däq = U/π.
- Verfahren zum Umschmelzen von Metallen in einer Trichterkokille nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abschmelzrate in kg/h dem 5 bis 15-fachen des aus dem Umfang (U) des Gießquerschnitts errechneten äquivalenten Strangdurchmessers (Däq) entspricht und das Verhältnis der Querschnittsfläche/n der Abschmelzelektrode/n zur Querschnittsfläche des Gießquerschnitts gleich oder größer ist als 1,0, wobei der Strang im unteren, engen Teil der Trichterkokille geformt wird sowie das Schlackenbad bis in deren erweiterten oberen Teil reicht.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der gebildete Strang kontinuierlich aus der Kokille abgezogen wird, wobei gegebenenfalls der gebildete Strang feststeht und die Kokille kontinuierlich angehoben wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der gebildete Strang schrittweise aus der Kokille abgezogen wird, wobei gegebenenfalls der gebildete Strang feststeht und die Kokille schrittweise angehoben wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kokille oszillierend bewegt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nach jedem Hubschritt unmittelbar ein Gegenhubschritt in entgegengesetzter Richtung durchgeführt sowie die Hublänge des Gegenhubschritts mit höchstens 60 % der Hublänge des vorangegangenen Hubschritts gewählt wird.
- Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, gekennzeichnet durch einen zwischen Elektrode und Strang fließenden Schmelzstrom oder durch einen zwischen Elektrode und Kokille fließenden Schmelzstrom.
- Verfahren nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, gekennzeichnet durch einen zwischen einerseits Elektrode und andererseits gleichzeitig sowohl Strang als auch Kokille fließenden Schmelzstrom.
- Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach wenigstens einem der voraufgehenden Ansprüche mit zumindest einer Elektrode (16) sowie einer einer Stromquelle (10) zugeordneten Kokille (20) für ein in ein oberes erweitertes Kokillenteil (22) reichendes Schlackenbad (18), wenigstens einem stromleitenden Element (42) im erweiterten Kokillenteil (22) der Kokillenwand (28) sowie einem an das Kokillenteil nach unten hin anschließenden, den Strangquerschnitt bestimmenden Auslaufteil (24), wobei die Elektrode (16) an einen Pol der Stromquelle (10) angeschlossen und deren anderer Pole sowohl mit dem Strang (24) als auch mit dem/den stromleitenden Element/en (42) in der Kokillenwand (28) verbunden ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT0015196A AT406384B (de) | 1996-01-29 | 1996-01-29 | Verfahren zum elektroschlacke-strangschmelzen von metallen |
AT15196 | 1996-01-29 | ||
AT151/96 | 1996-01-29 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0786531A1 EP0786531A1 (de) | 1997-07-30 |
EP0786531B1 true EP0786531B1 (de) | 2000-07-19 |
EP0786531B2 EP0786531B2 (de) | 2006-08-02 |
Family
ID=3482892
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96120752A Expired - Lifetime EP0786531B2 (de) | 1996-01-29 | 1996-12-21 | Verfahren zum Umschmelzen von Metallen zu einem Strang sowie Vorrichtung dafür |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5799721A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0786531B2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP3949208B2 (de) |
AT (1) | AT406384B (de) |
DE (1) | DE19654021C2 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT410413B (de) * | 2000-11-14 | 2003-04-25 | Inteco Int Techn Beratung | Verfahren zum elektroschlacke umschmelzen von metallen |
AT410412B (de) * | 2000-11-10 | 2003-04-25 | Inteco Int Techn Beratung | Verfahren zum elektroschlacke umschmelzen von metallen |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19614182C1 (de) * | 1996-04-11 | 1997-07-31 | Inteco Int Techn Beratung | Wassergekühlte Kokille zum Herstellen von Blöcken oder Strängen sowie deren Verwendung |
DE19921161B4 (de) * | 1999-05-07 | 2011-01-20 | Ald Vacuum Technologies Ag | Elektroschlacke-Umschmelzanlage mit einer Kokille und einer Haube |
AT408528B (de) * | 1999-06-08 | 2001-12-27 | Inteco Int Techn Beratung | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen herstellung von gegossenen oder umgeschmolzenen strängen nach einem elektroschlacke-verfahren |
AT409233B (de) * | 2000-02-07 | 2002-06-25 | Inteco Int Techn Beratung | Verfahren und anordnung zum herstellen von gusskörpern aus metallen |
JP2001262245A (ja) * | 2000-03-21 | 2001-09-26 | General Electric Co <Ge> | 下つぎ式エレクトロスラグ精錬装置及び方法 |
US20050173092A1 (en) * | 2004-02-10 | 2005-08-11 | Kennedy Richard L. | Method and apparatus for reducing segregation in metallic ingots |
WO2007016752A1 (en) * | 2005-08-11 | 2007-02-15 | Advanced Intellectual Holdings Pty Ltd | Smelting furnace |
DE202012010150U1 (de) | 2012-10-24 | 2012-11-29 | Egon Evertz Kg (Gmbh & Co.) | Anlage zum Elektro-Schlacke-Umschmelzen |
DE102015117661A1 (de) * | 2015-07-27 | 2017-02-02 | Ald Vacuum Technologies Gmbh | Elektroschlacke-Umschmelzanlage |
CN111118302B (zh) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-04-19 | 浙江正达模具有限公司 | 金属电渣重熔用结晶器和电渣重熔装置以及电渣重熔方法 |
DE102021209501B4 (de) | 2021-08-30 | 2023-05-25 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein | Stranggießeinrichtung und Verfahren zum Stranggießen |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1413508A (en) * | 1972-08-25 | 1975-11-12 | British Steel Corp | Secondary refining process |
Family Cites Families (23)
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DE1483646A1 (de) | 1965-06-11 | 1969-09-25 | Suedwestfalen Ag Stahlwerke | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Gussbloecken,vorzugsweise Stahlbloecken |
FR1513573A (fr) | 1967-01-06 | 1968-02-16 | Soc Metallurgique Imphy | Procédé et dispositif pour l'affinage du métal dans une installation de coulée continue |
SE332833B (sv) | 1968-06-27 | 1977-09-19 | Asea Ab | Kokill for tillverkning av got av stal och metallegeringar genom elektroslaggraffineringsmetoden |
GB1246676A (en) * | 1968-10-08 | 1971-09-15 | Ts Lab Avtomatiki | Electroslag remelting of metal |
US3665081A (en) † | 1969-06-16 | 1972-05-23 | Boris Evgenicvich Paton | Apparatus for electroslag remelting of consumable electrodes |
SE364648B (de) | 1970-12-04 | 1974-03-04 | Asea Ab | |
JPS511643B2 (de) * | 1972-08-28 | 1976-01-19 | ||
US3847205A (en) * | 1972-10-03 | 1974-11-12 | Special Metals Corp | Control apparatus for continuously casting liquid metal produced from consumable electrodes |
DE2328804C2 (de) * | 1973-06-06 | 1975-07-17 | Leybold-Heraeus Gmbh & Co Kg, 5000 Koeln | Verfahren zum Elektroschlacke-Umschmelzen In einer trichterförmigen Kokille |
DE2340525A1 (de) † | 1973-08-10 | 1975-02-20 | Leybold Heraeus Gmbh & Co Kg | Anordnung zur durchfuehrung von elektroschlacke-umschmelzprozessen in trichterfoermigen kokillen |
DE2505378C3 (de) * | 1975-02-08 | 1981-01-29 | Leybold-Heraeus Gmbh, 5000 Koeln | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Abschmelzelektroden für die Rückgewinnung von Metallanteilen aus dem Schleifstaub hochwertiger Metalle und Legierungen |
US4145563A (en) * | 1976-04-22 | 1979-03-20 | Venjukovsky Armaturny Zavod | Plant for and method of electroslag remelting of metals and alloys |
DE2632863C2 (de) † | 1976-07-21 | 1978-05-24 | Institut Elektrosvarki Imeni E.O. Patona Akademii Nauk Ukrainskoj Ssr, Kiew (Sowjetunion) | Einrichtung zur Herstellung von großtonnagigen Metallblöcken durch Elektroschlackenumschmelzen |
US4291744A (en) * | 1979-02-14 | 1981-09-29 | Medovar Boris I | Apparatus for electroslag remelting of consumable electrodes |
DE2942485A1 (de) † | 1979-10-20 | 1981-04-30 | Leybold-Heraeus GmbH, 5000 Köln | Verfahren zum herstellen von ferrozirkon mit praktisch beliebigem eisengehalt |
US4433242A (en) † | 1981-08-20 | 1984-02-21 | Cabot Corporation | ESR Hollows molten metal/slag interface detection |
JPS58144569A (ja) * | 1982-02-19 | 1983-08-27 | Hitachi Ltd | 超電導回転子 |
DE3721945A1 (de) † | 1986-10-27 | 1988-05-19 | Inteco Int Techn Beratung | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum betreiben einer druck-elektroschlacke-umschmelzanlage |
AT388751B (de) * | 1987-01-09 | 1989-08-25 | Inteco Int Techn Beratung | Verfahren zur herstellung von bloecken aus abschmelzelektroden in kurzen gleitkokillen |
AT399463B (de) * | 1987-03-03 | 1995-05-26 | Inteco Int Techn Beratung | Verfahren zum elektroschlacke-stranggiessen von stählen und legierungen |
US4919191A (en) * | 1988-05-17 | 1990-04-24 | Jeneric/Pentron Incorporated | Molten-metal forming method and apparatus which are bottom-loading, bottom-pouring and bottom-unloading |
US5300781A (en) † | 1991-12-09 | 1994-04-05 | Kay-Ray/Sensall, Inc. | Non-hydrogenous process level measurement |
JP3072199B2 (ja) * | 1992-10-22 | 2000-07-31 | 株式会社日本製鋼所 | Ni−Fe基超耐熱合金鋳塊の製造方法 |
-
1996
- 1996-01-29 AT AT0015196A patent/AT406384B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-12-21 DE DE19654021A patent/DE19654021C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-12-21 EP EP96120752A patent/EP0786531B2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-01-23 US US08/787,687 patent/US5799721A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-01-28 JP JP02955097A patent/JP3949208B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1413508A (en) * | 1972-08-25 | 1975-11-12 | British Steel Corp | Secondary refining process |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT410412B (de) * | 2000-11-10 | 2003-04-25 | Inteco Int Techn Beratung | Verfahren zum elektroschlacke umschmelzen von metallen |
AT410413B (de) * | 2000-11-14 | 2003-04-25 | Inteco Int Techn Beratung | Verfahren zum elektroschlacke umschmelzen von metallen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19654021A1 (de) | 1997-07-31 |
EP0786531A1 (de) | 1997-07-30 |
JP3949208B2 (ja) | 2007-07-25 |
ATA15196A (de) | 1999-09-15 |
EP0786531B2 (de) | 2006-08-02 |
JPH09206890A (ja) | 1997-08-12 |
US5799721A (en) | 1998-09-01 |
DE19654021C2 (de) | 2001-05-31 |
AT406384B (de) | 2000-04-25 |
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