EP0779376B2 - Verfahren zur Plasmaaufkohlung metallischer Werkstücke - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Plasmaaufkohlung metallischer Werkstücke Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0779376B2 EP0779376B2 EP96118592A EP96118592A EP0779376B2 EP 0779376 B2 EP0779376 B2 EP 0779376B2 EP 96118592 A EP96118592 A EP 96118592A EP 96118592 A EP96118592 A EP 96118592A EP 0779376 B2 EP0779376 B2 EP 0779376B2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- propane
- methane
- carbon
- plasma
- carburizing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/36—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases using ionised gases, e.g. ionitriding
- C23C8/38—Treatment of ferrous surfaces
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for plasma carburizing metallic workpieces in an oven, the furnace atmosphere being a carbon carrier contains the under the process conditions of plasma carburizing split with the release of pure carbon becomes.
- thermochemical treatment processes for case hardening of metallic workpieces have in recent years alongside conventional Gas carburizing is increasingly the carburizing process enforced in vacuum systems, since only with these Process a carburization free of edge oxidation can be realized is.
- these carburizing processes in vacuum systems it concerns the low pressure and the Plasma carburization. Because with these carburizing processes worked without oxygen-containing reaction gases no C level control can take place; the crucial one The parameter for the carbon transition is in these processes the carbon mass flow density, which is defined as the amount of carbon per time and Area unit passes into the material.
- This Carbon required for carburization is extracted from an in carbon carrier in the furnace atmosphere - usually a hydrocarbon - provided the given under the given process conditions is split by pure carbon.
- propane C 3 H 8
- propane pyrolysis the carbon carrier, which is split in the course of the so-called propane pyrolysis according to the following reaction equations: C 3 H 8 ⁇ CH 4 + C 2 H 4 C 2 H 4 ⁇ 2C + 2H 2 CH 4 ⁇ C + 2H 2
- methane (CH 4 ) is usually used as the carbon carrier, which is obtained by methane pyrolysis according to the equation CH 4 ⁇ C + 2H 2 is split.
- propane instead of methane.
- methane or propane as Carbon carrier is each with different fore and aft Disadvantages connected.
- propane because of its larger number of carbon atoms - 3 carbon atoms in propane versus 1 carbon atom for methane - a more effective carbon carrier than Methane.
- propane has the disadvantage on that propane is already in the temperature range above 600 ° C is thermally split, which already in A carburization takes place to soot the Oven leads.
- methane only has one carbon atom but the methane molecule is so stable that it is not already at the necessary carburizing temperature is split. Rather, the split takes place only in the plasma and therefore really only on the workpiece surface. Because the carbon mass flow density at the splitting of methane is very low large-scale batches are very difficult to spread evenly Carburize methane.
- methane, or propane Mixtures of methane and nitrogen as well as propane and nitrogen as a carbon carrier is, for example from the DE publication "Härterei-Technische Mitteilungen", Volume 49, No. 2, March / April 1994, page 105.
- the object of the invention is to provide a process for the plasma carburization of metallic workpieces which ensures carburization with a high carbon mass flow density without there being a risk of sooting the furnace at the same time.
- this task according to the invention resolved that dei furnace atmosphere a mixture of methane and propane that serves as a carbon carrier, being the methane-propane mixture Contains 5% by volume - 60% by volume, and that the gas pressure of the furnace atmosphere is below 10 mbar.
- the method according to the invention draws is characterized in that the increase in carbon mass flow density while avoiding Soot formation is achieved by using only methane and propane existing gas mixture with a Propane. Share from 5 vol.% To 60 vol.% With a gas pressure used in the furnace atmosphere below 10 mbar becomes. At a gas pressure of less than 10 mbar is one thermal fission of methane almost impossible. The addition of other gases such as Hydrogen, to which methane-propane mixture is used Avoiding the formation of soot under the invention Process parameters are not necessary.
- the drawing shows 27 CrMo for the material 4 the hardness curve after the plasma carburizing process with a methane-propane mixture as a carbon carrier shown.
Description
- zehnminütiges Aufkohlen bei einer Aufkohlungstemperatur von 940°C.
- Die anschließende Diffusionsphase betrug 51 Minuten,
- woran anschließend nach dem Absenken auf die Härtetemperatur von 860°C die Charge mittels Hochdruckgasabschreckung abgeschreckt wurde.
Claims (2)
- Verfahren zur Plasmaaufkohlung metallischer Werkstücke in einem Ofen, wobei die Ofenatmosphäre einen Kohlenstoff-Träger enthält, der unter den Prozessbedingungen der Plasmaaufkohlung unter Abgabe von reinem Kohlenstoff gespalten wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ofenatmosphäre aus einem Gemisch von Methan und Propan besteht, das als Kohlenstoff-Träger dient, wobei das Methan-Propan-Gemisch 5 Vol.%-60 Vol.%n Propan enthält, und daß der Gasdruck der Ofenatmosphäre unter 10mbar beträgt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Propan-Anteil in dem Methan-Propan-Gemisch 5 bis 50 Vol.-% beträgt.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19547131 | 1995-12-16 | ||
DE19547131A DE19547131A1 (de) | 1995-12-16 | 1995-12-16 | Verfahren zur Plasmaaufkohlung metallischer Werkstücke |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0779376A1 EP0779376A1 (de) | 1997-06-18 |
EP0779376B1 EP0779376B1 (de) | 2000-01-26 |
EP0779376B2 true EP0779376B2 (de) | 2002-12-18 |
Family
ID=7780384
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96118592A Expired - Lifetime EP0779376B2 (de) | 1995-12-16 | 1996-11-20 | Verfahren zur Plasmaaufkohlung metallischer Werkstücke |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5851314A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0779376B2 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE189271T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19547131A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19815233A1 (de) * | 1998-04-04 | 1999-10-07 | Ald Vacuum Techn Gmbh | Verfahren zur Vakuumaufkohlung unter Behandlungsgas |
US20050016831A1 (en) * | 2003-07-24 | 2005-01-27 | Paganessi Joseph E. | Generation of acetylene for on-site use in carburization and other processes |
DE102004053935B4 (de) * | 2004-11-09 | 2015-04-09 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung eines Bauteils aus einem durchhärtenden warmfesten Stahl und Bauteil aus einem durchhärtenden warmfesten Stahl |
DE102006040814A1 (de) * | 2006-08-31 | 2008-03-06 | Schaeffler Kg | Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer hoch einsatzhärtbaren Wälzlagerkomponente |
KR101622306B1 (ko) * | 2009-10-29 | 2016-05-19 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 그라펜 시트, 이를 포함하는 그라펜 기재 및 그의 제조방법 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5366205A (en) † | 1989-07-13 | 1994-11-22 | Solo Fours Industriels Sa | Carburization installation |
DE4427902C1 (de) † | 1994-08-06 | 1995-03-30 | Leybold Durferrit Gmbh | Verfahren zum Aufkohlen von Bauteilen aus kohlungsfähigen Werkstoffen mittels einer impulsförmig betriebenen Plasmaentladung |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS58113371A (ja) * | 1981-12-28 | 1983-07-06 | Seiko Epson Corp | プラズマ表面硬化法 |
US5383980A (en) * | 1992-01-20 | 1995-01-24 | Leybold Durferrit Gmbh | Process for hardening workpieces in a pulsed plasma discharge |
-
1995
- 1995-12-16 DE DE19547131A patent/DE19547131A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-11-20 DE DE59604291T patent/DE59604291D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-11-20 AT AT96118592T patent/ATE189271T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-11-20 EP EP96118592A patent/EP0779376B2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-12-13 US US08/766,282 patent/US5851314A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5366205A (en) † | 1989-07-13 | 1994-11-22 | Solo Fours Industriels Sa | Carburization installation |
DE4427902C1 (de) † | 1994-08-06 | 1995-03-30 | Leybold Durferrit Gmbh | Verfahren zum Aufkohlen von Bauteilen aus kohlungsfähigen Werkstoffen mittels einer impulsförmig betriebenen Plasmaentladung |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
HTM 49 (1994), SEITEN 58-63, H. ALTENA "NIEDERDRUCK- UND PLASMAAUFKOHLUNG AUFKOHLUNGSPROZESE IN VACUUMANLAGEN" † |
MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS, JIM, Vol. 35, No. 5 (1994), Seiten 351-355; Masahiro OKUMIYA ET AL, "APPLICATION OF PROPANE GAS TO PLASMA CARBURIZING" † |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59604291D1 (de) | 2000-03-02 |
ATE189271T1 (de) | 2000-02-15 |
EP0779376A1 (de) | 1997-06-18 |
EP0779376B1 (de) | 2000-01-26 |
US5851314A (en) | 1998-12-22 |
DE19547131A1 (de) | 1997-06-19 |
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