EP0776710B1 - Dispositif pour influencer le profil d'une bande laminée - Google Patents
Dispositif pour influencer le profil d'une bande laminée Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0776710B1 EP0776710B1 EP96118147A EP96118147A EP0776710B1 EP 0776710 B1 EP0776710 B1 EP 0776710B1 EP 96118147 A EP96118147 A EP 96118147A EP 96118147 A EP96118147 A EP 96118147A EP 0776710 B1 EP0776710 B1 EP 0776710B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- spray
- strip
- spray bars
- bars
- width
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005094 computer simulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/28—Control of flatness or profile during rolling of strip, sheets or plates
- B21B37/30—Control of flatness or profile during rolling of strip, sheets or plates using roll camber control
- B21B37/32—Control of flatness or profile during rolling of strip, sheets or plates using roll camber control by cooling, heating or lubricating the rolls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B27/00—Rolls, roll alloys or roll fabrication; Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls while in use
- B21B27/06—Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls
- B21B27/10—Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls externally
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B27/00—Rolls, roll alloys or roll fabrication; Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls while in use
- B21B27/06—Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls
- B21B27/10—Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls externally
- B21B2027/103—Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls externally cooling externally
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for influencing the profile of in at least one stand of rolled strip with the stand associated with it Adjusting, bending and possibly shifting devices and the rollers assigned spray bars for optionally controlled spraying of cooling and / or lubricant and associated with the two end regions of the rollers further spray bars and a control device.
- the strip edge areas face the Belt areas different loads on the constancy of the Adversely affect the thickness of the tape across its width.
- the thermal crowning and the stronger one Roller wear in the belt edge areas one opposite the belt center would cause thicker edge profile is essentially by the Material cross flow behavior in the direction of the width of the material shows a sharp decrease in thickness Edge area caused.
- the additional wear in the edge area is at Cold rolling is low and the thermal crowning is largely due to cooling of the rolls in the middle area balanced, so that mainly due to material flow behavior caused thinner strip edge profiles towards the center of the strip arise, the so-called edge drops.
- the size should edge drops on rolled strips. It is proposed that further spray bars outside the areas occupied by the strip to be rolled of the rollers are arranged, displacement drives the corresponding Adjustment of the other spray bars outside of the roller area occupied by the belt guarantee. Within the area of the rolls occupied by the belt Additional spray bars are provided, by means of which the roller contour is heated should be influenced. In the strip edge area of the rollers, on the one hand heated and cooled on the other hand, creating extreme tension in this area of the rollers occur, which in addition to the usual high wear in the Band edge area cause even greater wear. An optimal reduction edge drop is not possible, especially since cooling down to the respective Bale end is omitted.
- EP-A-0 542 640 discloses a cooling device for the rolls of one Hot rolling mill.
- Movable nozzles or spray bars are used to cool the rollers proposed that allow a variable influence on the cooling effect without that the individual nozzles have to be switched off.
- DE-A-3 614 487 discloses a device for roll temperature control in which outside the areas of the rolls occupied by the rolled strip, a heater and within the areas occupied by the rolled strip that are to be cooled. By a sharp boundary that coincides with the band edge ensures that about the same heat conditions on both sides of the belt edges is achieved. It is not possible to remove edge drops.
- the object of the invention is to better minimize the edge drops or to be completely eliminated without significantly reducing the belt tension distribution to adversely affect.
- Spray bars can also be applied to the roller bales in the belt edge areas cool more if necessary.
- the roll diameter in the band edge area are reduced by the additional cooling.
- the extension of the Effective range of the other spray bars from the respective bale end over the this facing band edge also ensures that the through Heat conduction to the bale ends of the rollers is better dissipated and thus an optimal temperature drop in the axial direction of the rolls in Strip edge area is obtained, which in turn enlarges the roll gap in the band edge area. But that is what the Material cross flow behavior counteracted edge drop counteracted.
- the further spray bars that can be assigned to the rollers are usually only the Assigned work rolls, because of this through the rolling work and the contact with the Rolling material are subjected to the greatest thermal stress.
- spray medium which a different temperature than the spray medium for the spray bars, preferably has a lower temperature, e.g. a common one Tank provided for the spray medium and the temperature of the spray medium on the temperature for the spray bars can be set, and the spray medium for the further spray bar can be cooled by a controllable cooler.
- a common one Tank provided for the spray medium and the temperature of the spray medium on the temperature for the spray bars can be set, and the spray medium for the further spray bar can be cooled by a controllable cooler.
- control device that functions as a forward control works and at the strip inlet side measured and / or specified strip data are used, stored or calculated, optimal values of Select spraying widths, spraying agent intensity and spraying agent temperature and for appropriate regulation.
- a backward regulation is also possible, whereby a combination of the forward and reverse control is also conceivable.
- the measurement results for the reverse control can be used to determine the optimal values of spray widths, spray medium intensity and spray medium temperature and / or for optimizing the control device of the forward control be used.
- a memory optimal values for the spray widths, spray medium intensities and / or to select coolant temperatures a computer, the corresponding Functions for the optimal values of the spray widths, spray agent intensities and / or coolant temperatures are available with the help of these Measurement results the optimal values for the actuators of the control device calculate.
- FIG. 1 shows a roll stand 1 for rolling strip 2, on the latter
- Inlet side spray bars 3, 3a are provided for coolants and / or lubricants.
- the spray bars 3, 3a are fed by a pump 4 from a tank 5.
- Further spray bars 6, 6a are directed towards the end regions of the rollers. she are also fed from the tank 5 via a pump 7.
- the spray medium is given via a cooling device 8, which the temperature of the Spray medium according to the given by a computer, not shown Values can be optimally regulated by means of a temperature controller 9.
- About valves 10 can the spray width and spray intensity of the further spray bars 6, 6a can be set.
- the spray medium is collected together and passed over a return line 11 in the common tank 5.
- the Possibility of separate tanks for the two differently tempered Provide spray media In this case, the collection of spray media sensibly carried out separately.
- Fig. 2a shows a work roll 12, from which a wide strip 2 is rolled.
- the further spray bars 6, 6 'and the tape outlet side are the other on the belt inlet side further spray bars 13, 13 'can be seen, their effective width to the width of the Rolling strip 2 is set and narrow in contact with the strip edges cover standing areas of the work rolls 12.
- nozzles 14 to 14 n are aligned in the direction of the bale end of the work rolls 12. Only the outer nozzles 15, 15 ', 15 "have a spray direction that deviates from this direction.
- the nozzles 14 to 14 n and 15, 15', 15" can be switched on and off individually, in order to reduce the spray width to the width of the to be able to adjust strip 2 to be rolled.
- FIG. 4a shows, similarly to FIG. 2a, the spray bars 6, 6 'on the tape inlet side and on the tape outlet side the spray bars 13, 13', the width of the spray bars 6, 6 'and 13, 13' being chosen in this way is that they can optimally cool the bales of the work rolls 12 in the band edge contact area from minimum to maximum bandwidth.
- Fig. 5 shows the bale contour 17 of the work roll 12 after about 60 minutes Rolling process, with no further exposure to the roll surface Spray bars 6, 6 '; 13, 13 '; 16, 16 'has taken place. It has become the usual one thermal crowning set. There is a slower one in the band edge contact area Recognize a drop in crowning. This slow decline in crowning is not in the Location, the edge drop formation caused by the material cross flow behavior in the Avoid band edge area.
- FIG. 6 shows a bale contour corresponding to FIG. 5.
- additional spray beams 6, 6 '; 13, 13 '; 16, 16 'worked The strong crowning drop in the band edge contact area is set in such a way by the additional cooling that that by the material cross flow behavior caused edge-drop can be reduced or minimized.
- Fig. 7 shows a schematic representation of the invention Control device.
- the band 2 can be seen, which is characterized by a number of Scaffolding is cold rolled.
- the figure shows a four-high scaffold 18, which the edge-drop control according to the invention is assigned to during a Sexto scaffold 19 is shown with the usual flatness control.
- the Edge-drop control according to the invention can of course also have several or all stands of a rolling mill.
- the measured values are saved using a computer 21 compared to which the optimal cooling water temperature and the optimal Control of the individual nozzles are also stored.
- the read ones Cooling water temperatures as well as the signals for the nozzle control are on the coolant temperature control circuit 22 or on the nozzle assignment control circuit 23 given.
- receptacles 20, receptacles 24, 24 ' which also the band profile, especially in the band edge area, the bandwidth and measure the band tension distribution.
- Controller 25 supplied, which corrects the measured values to a optimal spray width, spray medium intensity and coolant temperature. This Measurement results can also be used for this purpose, which are stored in the computer 21 correct stored values.
Claims (11)
- Dispositif pour influencer le profil d'une bande (2) laminée à froid dans au moins une cage de laminoir (1), comportant des dispositifs de positionnement, de cintrage et le cas échéant de déplacement associés à la cage de laminoir (1), ainsi que des premières barres de projection (3, 3a) associées aux cylindres (12) et destinées à la projection, le cas échéant régulée, de réfrigérant et/ou de lubrifiant, et comportant des secondes barres de projection (6, 6', 6a ; 13, 13' ; 16, 16') associées aux deux zones d'extrémité des corps des cylindres (12), caractérisé en ce que la zone d'action des secondes barres de projection (6, 6', 6a ; 13, 13'; 16, 16') s'étend chacune depuis une extrémité du corps de cylindre au-delà de l'arête de la bande laminée orientée vers cette extrémité du corps de cylindre jusque dans la zone de l'arête de la bande laminée à froid (2), les buses de projection (14 à 14n ; 15, 15', 15") des secondes barres de projection (6, 6' ; 13, 13' ; 16, 16') attaquant les cylindres (12) depuis une extrémité respective du corps de cylindre jusqu'à une distance prédéterminée au-delà de l'arête de bande orientée vers celle-ci.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les secondes barres de projection (6, 6' ; 13, 13' ; 16, 16') sont associées seulement aux cylindres de travail (12).
- Dispositif selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que les secondes barres de projection (6, 6' ; 13, 13' ; 16, 16') sont agencées du côté entrée et/ou sortie de la cage respective (18).
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les buses de projection (14 à 14n, 15, 15') des secondes barres de projection (6, 6' ; 13, 13' ; 16, 16') présentent une direction de projection avec une composante orientée vers une extrémité du corps de cylindre.
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la largeur de travail des buses de protection actives (14 à 14n; 15, 15') des secondes barres de projections (6, 6' ; 13, 13' ; 16, 16') peut être adaptée à la largeur de la bande laminée.
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la température du fluide à projeter par les secondes barres de projection (6, 6' ; 13, 13' ; 16, 16') diffère de la température du fluide à projeter par premières les barres de projection (3, 3a).
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, comportant un dispositif de réglage pour influencer le profil de la bande laminée à froid dans la zone de l'arête de bande, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu, du côté entrée de la cage de laminoir respective, des capteurs (20) qui mesurent l'épaisseur, le profil en particulier dans la zone de l'arête de bande, la largeur et/ou la contrainte de la bande laminée à froid (2) entrant, et en ce qu'il est prévu un calculateur (21) via lequel on peut déterminer des largeurs de projection, des intensités de projection et/ou les températures du réfrigérant pour les secondes barres de projection (6, 6' ; 13, 13' ; 16, 16'), qui sont optimales pour le résultat de mesure des capteurs (20) et mémorisées préalablement.
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, comportant un dispositif de réglage pour influencer le profil de la bande laminée à froid dans la zone de l'arête de bande, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un calculateur (21), auquel on peut imposer l'épaisseur, le profil en particulier dans la zone de l'arête de bande, la largeur et/ou la contrainte de la bande entrant, et qui détermine, en se rapportant à un modèle de calcul, des largeurs de projection, des intensités de projection et/ou les températures du réfrigérant pour les secondes barres de projection (6, 6' ; 13, 13' ; 16, 16'), qui sont optimales et mémorisées préalablement.
- Dispositif selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications 7 et 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu des capteurs (24, 24') du côté sortie de la cage de laminoir respective, en ce que les capteurs (24, 24') sont capables de mesurer le profil en particulier dans la zone de l'arête de bande, la largeur et la répartition de contrainte de la bande laminée (2) sortant, et en ce que les valeurs mesurées sont amenées au dispositif de réglage (25) pour les corriger à des valeurs optimales par rapport à une largeur de projection, une intensité de projection et/ou une température du réfrigérant pour les secondes barres de projection (6, 6' ; 13, 13' ; 16, 16').
- Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les valeurs mesurées à la sortie de la cage respective par les capteurs (24, 24') sont capables d'influencer de façon corrective l'opération de calcul dans le calculateur (21).
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le ou les calculateurs (21) sont capables de calculer des valeurs optimales pour les largeurs de projection, les intensités de projection et/ou les températures du réfrigérant pour les secondes barres de projection (6, 6' ; 13, 13' ; 16, 16').
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19543168 | 1995-11-20 | ||
DE19543168 | 1995-11-20 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0776710A1 EP0776710A1 (fr) | 1997-06-04 |
EP0776710B1 true EP0776710B1 (fr) | 2001-12-19 |
Family
ID=7777884
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96118147A Expired - Lifetime EP0776710B1 (fr) | 1995-11-20 | 1996-11-13 | Dispositif pour influencer le profil d'une bande laminée |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5799523A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0776710B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP3895812B2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR970025749A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1079709C (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE211031T1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2190691A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE59608495D1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2170190T3 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2184630C2 (fr) |
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JP3495909B2 (ja) * | 1998-03-30 | 2004-02-09 | 株式会社東芝 | 圧延ロールのプロフィール制御装置 |
DE19850738A1 (de) * | 1998-11-04 | 2000-05-11 | Schloemann Siemag Ag | Betriebsverfahren für ein Walzgerüst einer Walzstraße |
EP1040877A1 (fr) * | 1999-03-17 | 2000-10-04 | Steel Authority of India Limited | Système de refroidissement différentiel pour contrôler le profil thermique des cylindres de travail dans un laminoir réversible à froid |
DE19959553A1 (de) * | 1999-06-17 | 2001-06-13 | Siemens Ag | Einrichtung zur Beeinflussung des Profils oder der Planheit eines Walzbandes |
DE19953230C2 (de) * | 1999-11-04 | 2003-08-28 | C D Waelzholz Produktionsgmbh | Kaltwalzverfahren |
FR2803548B1 (fr) * | 2000-01-10 | 2002-04-19 | Vai Clecim | Procede et dispositif de controle thermique du profil d'un cylindre dans un laminoir |
DE10130445A1 (de) * | 2001-06-23 | 2003-01-02 | Sms Demag Ag | Verfahren und Düsenanordnung zur breitenvariablen Walzspaltschmierung eines Walzgerüstes |
DE10131369A1 (de) * | 2001-06-28 | 2003-01-09 | Sms Demag Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Kühlen und Schmieren von Walzen eines Walzgerüstes |
DE10352546A1 (de) * | 2003-09-04 | 2005-03-31 | Sms Demag Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen einer regelbaren Zugspannungsverteilung, insbesondere in den Kantenbereichen kaltgewalzter Metallbänder |
DE102004006130A1 (de) * | 2003-12-23 | 2005-07-28 | Sms Demag Ag | Verfahren zum Schmieren von Walzgut |
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DE102004005011B4 (de) * | 2004-01-30 | 2008-10-02 | Betriebsforschungsinstitut VDEh - Institut für angewandte Forschung GmbH | Regelverfahren und Regler für ein Walzgerüst |
US7181822B2 (en) * | 2005-01-20 | 2007-02-27 | Nucor Corporation | Method and apparatus for controlling strip shape in hot rolling mills |
JP4449789B2 (ja) * | 2005-03-08 | 2010-04-14 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 圧延装置の制御方法及び制御装置 |
JP2006289420A (ja) * | 2005-04-11 | 2006-10-26 | Hitachi Ltd | 圧延形状制御方法および圧延形状制御装置 |
DE102005029461B3 (de) * | 2005-06-24 | 2006-12-07 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zum Aufbringen eines Kühlmittels und Walzgerüst zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
KR100668698B1 (ko) * | 2005-11-08 | 2007-01-16 | 주식회사 포스코 | 연연속 열간 압연 설비의 압연유 공급 장치 및 그 방법 |
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KR101186761B1 (ko) | 2006-08-28 | 2012-10-08 | 에어 프로덕츠 앤드 케미칼스, 인코오포레이티드 | 극저온 액체 분사용 분사 장치 및 이 장치와 관련된 분사 방법 |
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DE102007053523A1 (de) * | 2007-05-30 | 2008-12-04 | Sms Demag Ag | Vorrichtung zur Beeinflussung der Temperaturverteilung über der Breite |
EP2200762B1 (fr) * | 2007-08-28 | 2014-08-06 | Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. | Procédé et appareil de décharge d'un spray cryogénique non linéaire sur la largeur d'une cage de laminoir |
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---|---|---|---|---|
US2921488A (en) * | 1955-11-23 | 1960-01-19 | United States Steel Corp | Method and apparatus for cooling mill rolls |
AT345237B (de) * | 1976-12-28 | 1978-09-11 | Voest Ag | Vorrichtung zum walzen von band- oder tafelfoermigem walzgut |
SU710705A1 (ru) * | 1977-04-29 | 1980-01-25 | Ордена Ленина Институт Проблем Управления | Способ управлени тепловым профилем валков прокатного стана |
JPS5467550A (en) * | 1977-11-09 | 1979-05-31 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Shape control of rolled material |
JPS5481153A (en) * | 1977-12-13 | 1979-06-28 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Thermal crown controller for rolling mill |
JPS5594717A (en) * | 1979-01-11 | 1980-07-18 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Controlling method for sheet shape in sheet rolling |
US4467629A (en) * | 1981-10-02 | 1984-08-28 | Sms Schloemann-Siemag Ag | Method of flattening steel strip in rolling mill |
JPS6195710A (ja) * | 1984-10-17 | 1986-05-14 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 圧延板のエツジドロツプ抑制方法 |
NL8403821A (nl) * | 1984-12-17 | 1986-07-16 | Hoogovens Groep Bv | Inrichting voor het koelen van een werkwals in een walstuig voor het walsen van metaalband. |
US4706480A (en) * | 1985-10-11 | 1987-11-17 | Svatos Joseph D | Rolling mill cooling system |
JPS62158511A (ja) * | 1986-01-07 | 1987-07-14 | Nippon Steel Corp | 板圧延における形状制御方法 |
JPS62173017A (ja) * | 1986-01-27 | 1987-07-29 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 圧延板のエッジドロツプ抑制方法 |
JPH0671611B2 (ja) * | 1986-04-16 | 1994-09-14 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 板圧延におけるエツジドロツプ制御方法 |
JPH0714526B2 (ja) * | 1986-04-16 | 1995-02-22 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 板圧延のエッジドロップ制御におけるセットアップ方法 |
DE3614487A1 (de) * | 1986-04-29 | 1987-11-05 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur walzentemperierung in kaltwalzwerken |
US5212975A (en) * | 1991-05-13 | 1993-05-25 | International Rolling Mill Consultants, Inc. | Method and apparatus for cooling rolling mill rolls and flat rolled products |
JP2709777B2 (ja) * | 1992-05-28 | 1998-02-04 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 圧延機の制御方法および制御装置 |
-
1996
- 1996-11-13 DE DE59608495T patent/DE59608495D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-13 AT AT96118147T patent/ATE211031T1/de active
- 1996-11-13 EP EP96118147A patent/EP0776710B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-13 ES ES96118147T patent/ES2170190T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-18 JP JP30675096A patent/JP3895812B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-11-18 KR KR1019960054783A patent/KR970025749A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-11-19 RU RU96122200/02A patent/RU2184630C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-11-19 CA CA002190691A patent/CA2190691A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1996-11-19 US US08/754,587 patent/US5799523A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-20 CN CN96112098A patent/CN1079709C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP3895812B2 (ja) | 2007-03-22 |
US5799523A (en) | 1998-09-01 |
RU2184630C2 (ru) | 2002-07-10 |
JPH09164406A (ja) | 1997-06-24 |
ATE211031T1 (de) | 2002-01-15 |
EP0776710A1 (fr) | 1997-06-04 |
DE59608495D1 (de) | 2002-01-31 |
KR970025749A (ko) | 1997-06-24 |
ES2170190T3 (es) | 2002-08-01 |
CN1151914A (zh) | 1997-06-18 |
CA2190691A1 (fr) | 1997-05-21 |
CN1079709C (zh) | 2002-02-27 |
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