Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
  • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
  • B65F3/02—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with means for discharging refuse receptacles thereinto
  • B65F3/08—Platform elevators or hoists with guides or runways for raising or tipping receptacles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
  • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
  • B65F3/02—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with means for discharging refuse receptacles thereinto
  • B65F3/0213—Means for facilitating the separation of discharging means from collecting vehicles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
  • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
  • B65F3/001—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse for segregated refuse collecting, e.g. vehicles with several compartments
  • B65F2003/003—Footboards
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
  • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
  • B65F2003/006—Constructional features relating to the tank of the refuse vehicle
  • B65F2003/008—Constructional features relating to the tank of the refuse vehicle interchangeable
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
  • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
  • B65F3/02—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with means for discharging refuse receptacles thereinto
  • B65F2003/022—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with means for discharging refuse receptacles thereinto the discharging means comprising a device for determining the weight of the content of refuse receptacles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
  • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
  • B65F3/02—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with means for discharging refuse receptacles thereinto
  • B65F2003/025—Constructional features relating to actuating means for lifting or tipping containers
  • B65F2003/0253—Means for synchronising or coupling two or more discharging devices, e.g. for allowing the discharge of one large container or the simultaneous discharge of two or more containers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
  • B65F3/00—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse
  • B65F3/14—Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse with devices for charging, distributing or compressing refuse in the interior of the tank of a refuse vehicle
  • B65F2003/146—Sensors, e.g. pressure sensors

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a device for collecting, emptying and transporting waste according to the preamble of claim 1.
• a garbage collection and transport vehicle - considered as a system - is divided into the following sub-systems:
• the bed is combined in one unit with the compression press. If this is uncoupled from the vehicle, which is proposed in EP-A1-0 588 033, the mere garbage transport container remains on the vehicle, which either transports it away on this vehicle, or can be reloaded to another, possibly a rail vehicle, for transport over long distances.
• the bulk, compaction device and refuse transport container remain coupled and are separated from the vehicle as a whole. According to the lotus, the filling is tipped backwards - there is no targeted waste compaction - so that the container can be pushed backwards from the vehicle onto a steel trestle and stored temporarily.
• EP-A1-0 588 033 and Lotus A disadvantage of EP-A1-0 588 033 and Lotus is that after removal of the fill - including the compacting device - the refuse transport container has an open rear wall, onto which a lid is now placed according to the invention. This almost inevitably means that when the bulk material is removed, garbage falls out and has to be manually loaded again. In both of the devices mentioned, it is also inherent in the system that the driver has to perform a docking maneuver while moving backwards, be it to couple the bed again, or to pick up an empty garbage transport container lying on the steel trestle, a maneuver, that the driver cannot do it alone for technical or safety reasons. When completely decoupling the fill, the power lines (hydraulic and electrical) must also be disconnected and reconnected when docking.
• the known - dumping - lift-tipping or emptying systems are generally actual single-purpose solutions, in the sense that a specific emptying device is created for a specific refuse collection vehicle, a specific container type and a specific emptying method.
• this has the advantage that the solution narrowed in this way can be configured optimally, at the same time it has the disadvantage that all occurrences and requirements of waste collection are dealt with only to a limited extent.
• Garbage is provided in large steel sheet or plastic containers with a content of several hundred liters, in small plastic containers, in rubbish bags and in the form of bulky goods. None of the hitherto known fillings is suitable for processing all of the above-mentioned forms of refuse without having to carry out any modifications.
• the collected garbage is increasingly weighed, so that weighing devices must be available for at least the garbage provided in solid containers.
• An automatic identification system is almost indispensable to a weighing device.
• the object which is to be achieved with the present invention is to create a refuse collection and transport device with an exchangeable refuse transport container which overcomes the disadvantages mentioned, is practical and robust in operation and the costs of which are not those of a refuse collection vehicle without an exchangeable refuse transport container or only marginally exceeds. Included in this task is the creation of a garbage emptying device, with which all usual forms of providing garbage can be handled without having to modify the device, with which the net mass of the garbage in containers can be determined and which is suitable to work with different identification systems.
• FIG. 1 is a side view of a refuse collection vehicle according to the invention
• FIG. 3 shows a refuse collection vehicle according to the invention when emptying a rubbish bin in a side view
• FIG. 4 shows a refuse collection vehicle according to the invention when emptying a large container
• Fig. 11 shows the subject of Fig. 10 in the working position.
• a garbage collection and transport vehicle is highly schematic from the side, shown in Fig. 2 from behind with the essential features of the invention.
• Numeral 1 denotes the actual vehicle with frame 2, wheels 3 and driver's cab 4.
• the vehicle carries an interchangeable container 5, which is detachably connected to frame 2.
• the bed 6 consisting of two towers 7 and a lifting and tilting device 8 on each of the towers 7.
• the two lifting and tilting devices 8 are each carried by a carriage 12, which are each vertically movable in one of the towers 7.
• the two extensions 9 of the frame each carry part of an articulated hinge 11; the other parts of the articulated hinges 11 are attached to the towers 7 at the bottom.
• Numeral 10 denotes a locking device with which a tower 7 can be locked with the swap body 5 by means which are common in mechanical engineering.
• the locking devices 10 can be actuated either mechanically or hydraulically. The means for this are also known per se.
• the individual lifting and tilting device 8 carries, for example, three pins 21, which together form the lifting comb 22.
• the pins 21 are arranged in such a way that they can be used to lift the standard and standardized rubbish bins, which are designated 14 in FIG. 3. It also consists of a holding and holding device 13 for large containers 16, which is pivotably arranged on the lift-tilt device 8 and - if a large container 16 is to be emptied - can be folded out; The large container 16 is then, as shown in detail in FIG. 4, retracted and locked between the folded-out receiving and holding devices 13 at the lifting and tilting device 8.
• a refuse container 14 If a refuse container 14 is suspended via the pins 21, it is lowered, either manually or automatically, a holding edge 15, for example according to EP 93920640.5, over the edge of the refuse container 14.
• a stop 17 is also attached to the lifting-tilting device 8, which on the one hand ensures the correct position of the refuse container 14 and on the other hand serves as a ram guard for
• FIG. 3 and 4 are illustrations of the use of the device according to the invention for emptying normal rubbish bins 14 by means of the lifting comb 22 (FIG. 3) and large containers 16 by means of the swing-out holding devices 13 (FIG. 4).
• Each of the two carriages 12 has a weighing device 19, on which the lifting comb 22, the holding device 13 and the hydraulically operated holding edge 15 are mounted.
• the refuse collection vehicle 1 is equipped with an inclination measuring device 23, which is attached at a suitable point and determines the inclination of the vehicle body, and thus that of the towers 7.
• the weight which is determined electronically per se, is then corrected in the same computer (not shown) by specifying the inclination in a known manner.
• the process of emptying a waste container 14 or large container 16 can be followed with the aid of FIGS. 3, 4 and 6:
• the waste container 14 is driven on its own wheels to the waste collection vehicle 1 up to the stop 17. This is for example the case equipped that the force exerted on it by the waste container 14 actuates a sensor (not shown) installed in the stop 17.
• buttons On both sides of the vehicle, three actuation buttons, which are labeled UP, DOWN, STOP, are attached at locations suitable for the operator or operators, for example at two barriers 24 which can be folded out on both sides of the lift-and-tilt device 8.
• UP, DOWN, STOP On both sides of the vehicle, three actuation buttons, which are labeled UP, DOWN, STOP, are attached at locations suitable for the operator or operators, for example at two barriers 24 which can be folded out on both sides of the lift-and-tilt device 8.
• the entire garbage disposal operation is carried out by these three Controllable buttons.
• switches or, more broadly, position sensors which are described below:
• the STOP switches which, together with the UP and DOWN buttons, are attached, for example, to the barriers 24 mentioned, for the active interruption of a faulty or dangerous process.
• FIG. 5 now shows the sequence diagram for the emptying process of a refuse container 14 which is started up to one of the lifting and tilting devices 8; 6 that for large containers 16.
• Each of the two beds 6 can work independently of the other. This is the case when small rubbish bins 14 or - as shown later - rubbish bags are to be emptied. If, on the other hand, large containers 16 are to be emptied, both beds 6 work coupled.
• the flowchart shown in FIG. 5 therefore relates to both, but independently working, fillings, that according to FIG. 6 to the coupled ones.
• Number 101 denotes the initialization function of the control computer.
• the lifting and tilting device 8 has two possible initial positions: “high” and “low", the "high” position being the driving position for the sweeping vehicle 1 at the same time.
• the operator determines whether the lifting and tilting device 8 is in position in a decision function - 6-
• the above-mentioned weighing window is part of the lifting distance of the lifting and tilting device 8, which is traversed as uniformly as possible, during which a predetermined number of weighings are carried out, provided that weighing is preset.
• the lifting and tilting device 8 travels to the weighing window, whereupon the refuse container 14 by means of the holding edge
• a function 115 on the computer can be used to preset whether the waste bins 14 should be identified. If this is not the case, the instruction path leads along the "No" along a function 116 directly to the command "tilt, empty” (function 117); on the other hand, if it is to be identified, the "yes" of the function 116 leads to a further decision function 118, which determines whether the refuse bin 14 is now identified. In the event of a negative finding, the carriage 12 with the non-emptied waste bin 14 quickly travels again through the weighing window (function 119), the lock is opened (function 120), the waste bin 14 is switched off and the carriage is again in the loading position (Function 121). At the same time, the gross value is deleted in function 114.
• the address is saved (function 122) and the waste bin 14 can be tilted (function 117).
• Function 101 again shows the initialization of the control computer. If the two lifting and tilting devices 8 are "low” in the loading position, they must first be moved to the "high” position by pressing the UP button (decision function 130). Large containers 16 can be hung together both in the pivoted out holding devices 13 and on both lifting combs 22. If the holding devices 13 are used, their pivoting out via sensors (for example limit switches) causes the two weighing devices to be interconnected. If, on the other hand, a large container 16 is to be carried by both lifting combs, appropriate sensors - for example in the two stops 17 in coincidence - ensure this mode of action.
• sensors for example limit switches
• a decision function 131 is to be answered by the operator, either by swiveling out the holding device 13 or moving the large container 16 towards both stops 17. Both swiveling out the holding devices 13 and moving up to both stops 17 - or corresponding sensors - in a function 133 causes the load cells to be interconnected or the results to be added, both gross and tare. Then the UP button must be pressed manually. Before reaching the weighing window, the large container 16 is locked, either in the holding device 13 or via the holding edges 15 (function 134). A function 135 checks this locking, according to which in the negative case the interconnected wagons 12 stop (function 136), and the large container 16 has to be shut down manually. In the positive case, the sequence goes to function 108 of FIG. 5. The subsequent sequence is the same as that of FIG. 5.
• FIG. 7 shows the device according to the invention in plan view, in FIG. 8 from behind in the direction of travel of the refuse collection vehicle 1.
• the hinge 11, which is attached to the attachment 9, consists of a hinge joint 41 located on the attachment 9, which carries a horizontal arm 42, the other end of which is again equipped with a second hinge joint 44.
• the latter supports the tower 7 with a lift-tilt device 8 and a footboard 43.
• the footboard 43 can be folded up and is therefore not visible in FIG. 8.
• Fig. 7 shows two positions of the towers 7 and the associated lift-tilt device 8, which are pulled out firmly Working position, dashed the unfolded.
• the swap body 5 In the unfolded position, the swap body 5 is free to the rear and can be extended to the rear, as indicated by dashed lines.
• the two towers 7 are locked in the garbage collection mode with the frame 2 and / or the swap body 5. If a full swap body 5 is to be unloaded - and, for example, replaced by an empty one - then the two towers 7 are unlocked and, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, pivoted out laterally about the articulated hinges 11. It is thus possible to extend the swap body 5 to the rear either with the vehicle's own means or operated from the outside.
• the interchangeable container 5 has on its underside brackets 27 which engage with rails 28 built, for example, according to the ACTS standard.
• the swap body 5 can be locked on the rails 28. After releasing this lock, the interchangeable container 5 can be extended to the rear. If this is to be done with the vehicle's own means, the vehicle 1 has, for example, a hydraulically operated chain drive on its frame 2 with a chain 30 which runs lengthways under the swap body.
• the chain 30 has a follower - not shown - which is in engagement with the interchangeable container 5, with which this can be moved either backwards or forwards, as is known per se.
• a hook 31 is attached to the interchangeable container 5, which is suitable for absorbing both tensile and compressive forces.
• the exchangeable containers 5 can be used which are also used as stationary refuse collection devices and are manufactured and offered by the applicant. So there are no expensive special costs required.
• FIG. 9 shows an interchangeable container 5 suitable for the device according to the invention in the sense of an example, namely in a vertical longitudinal section. It is structured into a storage space 45 and a loading area 46.
• a shovel 47 is displaceably mounted in the loading space 46, which can be actuated with two hydraulic cylinders 48 and thus pushes the garbage which has been tipped into the loading space 46 into the storage space 45 and thereby compresses it.
• Arranged above the blade 47 are a plurality of angular plates 49 which slide in horizontal grooves and are telescopically engaged with one another and which cover the space behind that of the blade 47 when it is actuated, but release it when it is fully retracted.
• the interchangeable container 5 is closed off by a gate 50 which, for example, can be pivoted about two bearing pins 51 at the top and locked at the bottom.
• the bucket 47 is periodically hydraulically actuated - automatically or in manual mode - in order to empty the loading space 46 and to compact the garbage in the storage space 45.
• the blade 47 tightly closes the storage space 45.
• the loading space 46 has an insertion opening 52 which can be closed with a cover 53. Instead of the drawn, hinged, cover 53, a horizontally movable sliding cover is also possible.
• swap body 5 instead of the swap body 5 shown as an example, other shaped and equipped swap bodies are also conceivable and possible.
• the essential features consist only of the overhead opening 52 and the holders 27 which are in releasable engagement with, for example, standardized rails 28.
• Such swap bodies are known per se.
• the so-called loading edge ie the rear edge of the receptacle, in this case the interchangeable container 5
• the bed 6 is therefore supplemented by a conveyor 40 for rubbish bags, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11.
• a hinged, essentially U-shaped bracket 32 is attached to two joints 33 provided with ratchets 35 such that it, against the resistance of the ratchets 35, points from the vertically downward position can be pivoted into the horizontal. This presupposes that the receiving and holding device 13 for large containers 16 is folded out beforehand.
• a plurality of straps 34 are fastened to the bracket 32, for example made of steel tube, in such a way that the straps 34, for example made of textile-reinforced plastic, are also fixed to one another and thereby form a basket 36.
• the rear wall of the basket 36 formed in this way is the lifting and tilting device 8.
• a bag-like container preferably made of textile-made plastic, can also be used, which, like the bands, also occurs 34 is attached to the bracket 32 and to the lift-tilt device 8.
• FIGS. 10 and 11 it is possible to load garbage bags even in the case of the drawer according to the invention, which instead of being thrown in directly, are then placed in the basket 36 and raised and tilted therein.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Refuse-Collection Vehicles (AREA)
• Supplying Of Containers To The Packaging Station (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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ID=4200768

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

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• 1996
  • 1996-04-09 DE DE59601417T patent/DE59601417D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1996-04-09 AT AT96907243T patent/ATE177403T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1996-04-09 EP EP96907243A patent/EP0776306B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-04-09 WO PCT/CH1996/000125 patent/WO1996032346A1/fr active IP Right Grant

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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