Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
  • E21B43/30—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for determining the starting points of the gas production in a tectonically stressed and mines not or only slightly clarified hard coal deposit serving, the holes can be made both from above and from an underground mine.
• the result of the tectomechanical process is the reality of the existing tectonics with shifts or leaves, shifts or jumps and shifts or changes. They are summarized as tectonic disturbances together with the behavior of the mountain strata in the geometry of the deposit as a uniform picture.
• the reality that is, the reality of the disturbances, is justified by their position in space and thus by strike, stroke length, dip, dip directions, distances and their changes. In addition there are discards, displacement and thrust dimensions and also their changes. This reality of tectonics can be traced back to its causes in the tectomechanical process.
• the loosening, crushing and pressing defined as material balances offer themselves as a result of the design of tectonic disturbances; in addition there are material transports in the mountains at disturbances, within folds, from bruises after folds and between folds themselves.
• tectonics is not known in many cases as an important influencing variable for the orientation of the boreholes, so that it is necessary to configure the tectonics based on known tectonic conditions.
• gas extraction solely from boreholes there is a lack of mining outcrops in the form of mines, so that only the knowledge or idea of the deposit body given on the basis of deep boreholes and seismic surveys is the starting point for determining the starting points for boreholes.
• the prospective location of the tectonic disturbances and thus the location of the areas for favorable gas extraction must be determined from the existing outcrops, so that a basis for planning the starting points of the boreholes and the Loosening measures such as carrying out explosions and the like is given.
• the deposit is also designed as a planning basis, the basis of which are the incidence, the deletion and the dimensions of the faults.
• the known outcrops are usually geometrically connected to each other in such a way that a supposedly accurate picture of the deposit is created as a basis for planning.
• the tectomechanical process has not been taken into account and only an apparent accuracy due to the exclusive limitation of the projection to the geometry enables. For example, movements that have occurred after the formation of jumps are ignored on a change, but these can have a considerable influence on the orientation of the holes and, if necessary, additional loosening measures in the mountains. Furthermore, taking into account the tectomechanical process gives indications of where there is a lot of gas and / or where a lot of gas can flow on bad, fissures and faults.
• the invention is based on the object of specifying a method of the type mentioned at the outset in which the informative value of the planning bases is improved and thereby greater security is achieved with a cost-effective determination of the starting points for bores.
• the basic idea of the invention is that the bores are arranged in zones of high gas permeability and sufficient gas circulation, taking into account the tectonics, whereby in addition to the incidence, the removal and the amount of discard of the disturbances, the loosening, crushing and pressing caused by the tectonic energy as well as the tectonic mass transports affected by this can be used as a planning basis. Tectonic energy, the reduction in energy and the direction of energy flow are also used.
• the invention is therefore associated with the advantage that the tectomechanical relationships when the planning of gas production from both surface and underground starting points from underlying depository bodies are created can now be used as the basis for planning for determining the starting points of the wells, with more precise information about Design and behavior of tectonics improve the basics of planning.
• the relationships within large electronics between large and small electronics and between initial and subsequent faults can be used for planning gas production.
• the tectomechanical relationships allows an earlier indication of whether, for example, the rejection of a known disturbance is likely to remain the same or to increase or decrease in one or the other strike direction.
• the course of the folding energy is now determined in a mountain area to be planned, and the planning of the bores and any additional local loosening measures to be carried out, such as blasting, are based on this.
• the folding energy in a mountain body is opposed by a counter pressure which is provided by the mass of the mountain; the folding energy overcomes this counterpressure and does work by creating and designing tectonic disturbances, whereby from the detected course of the folding energy the design of a disturbance can be recognized as the basis for planning the starting points for drilling.
• the possibility of gas extraction depends to a large extent on whether the folding energy has been conducted through the mountains without new tectonic structures being created or existing structures still being changed.
• the course of the folding energy at movement locks and movement free zones is determined and the gas extraction possibility in the areas concerned is determined. This is based on the knowledge that the folding energy is only converted locally as long as there is a free space, such as that Daily surface for which tectonic structures are present; So the gas production possibility depends on the presence of movement free zones, which are opposed to movement restricted zones. It is generally more favorable to assess the gas extraction option in movement restricted zones than in the movement free zones.
• Crushed zones are characterized by the fact that folding energy and rock material strive towards one another, so that gas could not flow away here during the geological period due to the disturbances.
• the existence of compression, squeezing and loosening zones necessitates intermediate areas in which there is a tectomechanical mass transport.
• Mass transport has a significant impact on the expected small electronics and thus on possible circulation routes for gas.
• the invention therefore proposes in one exemplary embodiment to select, in particular, areas of mass transport in the vicinity of a crushing or pressing for the preferred determination of starting points for bores; there is gas nearby and circulation paths are available.
• Loosening occurs in the run-out area of clump-limiting jumps, and there the gas was able to flow and migrate towards the jumps, so that the conditions for gas production only become better at a greater distance from a jump.
• Sedimentation deposits such as a hard coal deposit in particular, are characterized by storey tectonics, in which thrusting starts at depth, which strike more or less at right angles to the jumps. If a corrugated bearing with or without small-tectonic shifts and / or shifts or small-tectonic shifts and / or shifts without undulating storage is unlocked, with sloping areas undisturbed or above that no digestions are available, then larger over-shifts occur at depth. In this case, a layer-parallel glide occurs in the discharge area of the thrusts, which lubricates the fissures and leads to a gas jam with a lot of gas. In this case, such areas are suitable according to an embodiment of the invention for the preparation of holes.
• gas and circulation paths for the gas are available, such as in the outlet area of jumps and where loosening is present on jumps as a result of changes in the coating direction; these areas are also suitable for drilling holes.
• Stratified sliding also occurs when there is a change in the degree of thrusting at thrusting and in the discharge areas of thrusting downwards, and there are loosening areas which favor a preferred orientation for bores for gas production.
• the floor tectonics not only apply to the occurrence of thrusting, but also apply to the saddle structures and convex bending axes. While undisturbed conditions usually prevail in the upper areas, underneath in the saddle area and convex bending axes follow shifts, including shifts; Thrusts are associated with stratified sliding and smearing of the fault areas, and therefore the gas content is high in the area of the thrusts, but especially below. Displacements in saddle areas and convex bend axes indicate looseness in a saddle, and the gas can circulate there.
• the mountains are divided at certain intervals by larger, approximately parallel displacement zones or displacements in adjacent tracks.
• a more or less horizontal mass transport has taken place at the displacements.
• the mass transport hits the respective neighboring clods, which creates pressures with high gas contents.
• the mass transport creates a backward pull on the displacements, which leads to loosening at clump-limiting jumps.
• the gas was able to migrate here in the geological period, so that the gas content in these areas is lower.
• the discard at the jumps often has minimum values; the loosening that occurs as a result of the mountain slipping on the jumping surfaces has consequent shrinkage that can serve as movement paths for gas circulation. Therefore, according to one embodiment of the invention, the bores for gas production are primarily oriented in areas in which the mass transport impinges on the neighboring clods due to displacements. In these cases, the displacements themselves are avoided because the gas has migrated locally in their area.
• the mountains are mylonitized and smeared, and in these cases the gas content is very high, but at the same time the circulation possibilities for the gas are restricted.
• the wells for gas production are oriented in the direction of the shift zone and the rock around the wells is loosened up locally, for example by loosening up blows, such as in the region of bisectors of angles between the strike directions of jumps and thrusts, jumps and shifts, thrusts and Displacements and plaice bisectors. This also includes areas of the large shifts to be determined.
• the holes for gas production in these areas are primarily arranged.
• shear areas intersect in the run-off areas of thrusts and displacements, caused by mass transports in the mountains.
• Shear surfaces also intersect when bisectors intersect with shear surfaces that are triggered by the expiry of thrusts and shifts. Furthermore, shearings cross when cross larger shifts. If there are loosening of jumps at a distance of more than 400 m when the thrusts are running out and at a greater distance than 1000 m when the shifts are running out, holes for gas extraction should preferably be oriented in the intersection areas; local loosening measures around the wells are restricted. However, if there are slides parallel to the layer at the same point, the local loosening measures are reinforced.
• an embodiment of the invention provides for orienting the bores for gas extraction in these areas while at the same time providing local loosening measures to be provided; this applies in particular to the areas under the thrust.
• Shift sliding in two directions also occurs when trough and saddle lines collapse as well as changes in the degree of thrusting of thrustings at a bank distance from the thrusting of less than 400 m.
• Displacement zones or displacements must be demonstrated in the strike direction over longer distances. In many cases, the displacements over certain distances do not exist as such or are designed as small and very small electronics (shearings). It is always to be expected that an accompanying electronic system is available, as it will be unlocked where larger shifts are unlocked.
• the division of the mountains at certain intervals by larger, approximately parallel displacement zones or displacements influences the folding energy and the counter pressure.
• the folding energy and the back pressure are deflected by the displacements. Since the folding energy is supplied to the mountains on a broad front, the side-by-side deflections of the energy are one Addition of energy and also back pressure combined to ever increasing values.
• the design of other tectonic disorders is legally influenced depending on the causal relationships.
• jumps in the area of the larger displacement zones and displacement generally have less warping or come from both sides in the neighboring area from the displacements or start again; the direction of the jumps also changes. The same applies to thrusts.
• holes for gas production are preferably made in the middle or at a greater distance than 400 m from the exit points of the jumps or the intersection of the jumps with the displacement zones and are deflected perpendicular to the displacement zones. If it turns out that the direction of strike of jumps on displacements is deflected due to the tectomechanical process, then bruises and loosening zones arise up to 600 m from the large-scale displacements as a result of the rock movements on the jumps. If jumps between two adjacent displacement zones are also known here, the position of the zones over greater distances can be determined from the directions in which the displacement zones and the jumps strike.
• starting points of bores are preferably selected in loosening zones which are pressed together by the mass transport at the displacements.
• the gas could not flow out there due to the pressure.
• there are circulation paths for the gas so that gas extraction possibilities are consequently improved.
• Mine gas often collects below the overburden.
• tectonics depending on the tectomechanical process, influences the gas opening and the success of gas production. Since the large jumps often continue in the overburden up to the surface of the day, there are drainage options for the gas from the mountains after several days. As a result, loosening, pressing, squeezing and slashing in the mountains are also the basis for the area below the overburden for the tectonic arrangement or implementation of gas production as well as in deeper areas.
• the planning basis is improved by taking into account gas contents, gas contents and outgassing results that are actually determined in the form of the configuration of the tectonics, and in particular taking the results into account with and without loosening measures.
• ascertained gas contents, gas contents and gas inflows and their differences allow information about the behavior of the tectonics, so that this also results in the best possible arrangement of the starting points for the gas extraction holes.

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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
• Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
• Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

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• 1995
  • 1995-05-10 RU RU96120196A patent/RU2143555C1/ru active
  • 1995-05-10 PL PL95317606A patent/PL177500B1/pl unknown
  • 1995-05-10 EP EP95917908A patent/EP0760900B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1995-05-10 DE DE59501048T patent/DE59501048D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1995-05-10 WO PCT/DE1995/000640 patent/WO1995032357A1/de active IP Right Grant
  • 1995-05-10 UA UA96103986A patent/UA41990C2/ru unknown

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