EP0758699B1 - Procédé d'installation de pieux côniques, pieux correspondants, et fondation à pieux ainsi obtenue - Google Patents

Procédé d'installation de pieux côniques, pieux correspondants, et fondation à pieux ainsi obtenue Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0758699B1
EP0758699B1 EP96111806A EP96111806A EP0758699B1 EP 0758699 B1 EP0758699 B1 EP 0758699B1 EP 96111806 A EP96111806 A EP 96111806A EP 96111806 A EP96111806 A EP 96111806A EP 0758699 B1 EP0758699 B1 EP 0758699B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piles
pile
ground
concrete
concrete piles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96111806A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0758699A1 (fr
Inventor
Helmut Dipl.-Ing. Hemmerlein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dipling Helmut Hemmerlein & Co Bau Kg GmbH
Original Assignee
Dipling Helmut Hemmerlein & Co Bau Kg GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE29512311U external-priority patent/DE29512311U1/de
Priority claimed from DE29601080U external-priority patent/DE29601080U1/de
Application filed by Dipling Helmut Hemmerlein & Co Bau Kg GmbH filed Critical Dipling Helmut Hemmerlein & Co Bau Kg GmbH
Publication of EP0758699A1 publication Critical patent/EP0758699A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0758699B1 publication Critical patent/EP0758699B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/10Deep foundations
    • E02D27/12Pile foundations
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/10Deep foundations
    • E02D27/12Pile foundations
    • E02D27/14Pile framings, i.e. piles assembled to form the substructure
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/02Improving by compacting
    • E02D3/08Improving by compacting by inserting stones or lost bodies, e.g. compaction piles
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22Piles
    • E02D5/24Prefabricated piles
    • E02D5/30Prefabricated piles made of concrete or reinforced concrete or made of steel and concrete
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/18Placing by vibrating
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/26Placing by using several means simultaneously

Definitions

  • the invention initially relates to a method for introduction of piles tapering in the direction of insertion the ground, which is used to support or support buildings or building parts, in particular building foundations serve (preamble of claim 1).
  • Such, in the Piles also called “nails” by experts are from DE-PS 194 125 in the form of hollow ramming piles tapering downwards known from reinforced concrete. According to the title cited above In this patent, these piles are said to be in the ground be rammed in.
  • steam-driven battering rams usual ramming of piles, sheet piling and the like referred to by steam-driven battering rams.
  • This composition of the pile to be driven in from several Elements has the further disadvantage that the elements shift at their junctures can, or that the junction from the flight of the Elements to the side, so that the entire pile in has one or more kinks.
  • the aforementioned are often Shifts or kinks after insertion of the concrete pile can no longer be determined and therefore a permanent threat to the structure supported by it represent.
  • WO 94/17252 discloses piles and methods which should contribute to an improvement of the foundation. To do this, use a slightly tapered pile Hammering or vibration driven into the ground. The created hole is either directly with cement or similar poured out or struts first inserted and then poured cement into it.
  • the task or problem of the invention is in contrast, initially in a procedure for collecting of piles according to the preamble of claim 1 in to create the earth with a relatively small Work and material expenditure is feasible, the so driven piles under the one resting on them No or practically no longer set the building load, i.e. not penetrate further into the ground, which is a corresponding lowering (settlement) of the building in question would result.
  • the piles reciprocate in their longitudinal direction Vibrations and in this way initially in the Earth can be driven to a position that is short before reaching its intended final depth it is convenient that the vibrations are then switched off and then a final phase of driving in by application a vibration-free force acting in the driving direction on the pile until it is pre-tensioned is firmly held in the ground.
  • This bias can also be seen as a wedging or bracing of the pile be understood with the adjacent soil.
  • the bringing in such piles by means of in their longitudinal direction and vibrations are compared to the known Ramming cheaper because it is essential with a less equipment expenditure and also one essential less noise can occur.
  • a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is the subject of claim 2 the pile is not under the longitudinal vibrations or -vibrations set, but by means of an appropriate Tensile or compressive force over a portion of its length in depressed the ground. It is therefore relative to the earth firmly held so that the on it in its longitudinal direction acting vibrations can not lead to it moved aside or even damaged.
  • the invention further relates to the configurations from Concrete or reinforced concrete existing piles for the implementation of the method according to the invention can be used can. For this purpose, reference is made to claims 3 to 11.
  • the concrete piles are over their entire Length with a tapered or arched downward Provide taper.
  • the surfaces roughened the outside of the piles or there are there deepenings.
  • the piles take on their diameter viewed from the bottom up constantly. This has a constant displacement of the soil with the introduction of the piles. It will also hold the Piles in the ground with the pretension explained in claim 1 further consolidated.
  • the further in such piles provided roughening or deepening support the The piles in question stop in or on the side of the ground.
  • Claim 5 gives the Possibility of inclining or tapering the piles in Dependence on the consistency of the respective soil choose. This tendency can be around 2-6%.
  • Claim 7 includes a preferred embodiment of the Invention for creating outer surfaces or sides of the Concrete pile, which have roughening and / or depressions.
  • the claims 9 and 10 allow the attachment both a vibrator as well as a foundation, e.g. one Support plate.
  • the principle of driving the piles 1 into the ground 2 is shown in Figs. 1-4.
  • the stake in question 1 is with a only schematically indicated bracket 3 in placed vertically on the ground 2 and then by a pushing or pulling force according to arrow 4 over a Section 5 of its total length L pressed into the ground. This indentation is vibration-free or vibration-free.
  • the upper end face 6 of the Pile 1 a vibrator, here only schematically indicated vibrator 7, placed in the, not shown Way connected to the upper portion 8 of the pile 1 and this in its longitudinal direction A-B according to the Arrows 9 swings up and down until it is the one shown in FIG Has reached the driving position.
  • the pile 1 is tapered downwards. He can any cross-sectional shape, e.g. square or rectangular 7 have. He could also use an oval instead or have a circular cross-section. Furthermore, the Post 1 "trumpet-like" towards its upper end face expand as it is by the dash-dotted lines Lines 12 in Fig. 1 is indicated above.
  • piles have one Design of the taper of its outer sides in such a way that after driving in and final impressions in stick the earth to it.
  • the rejuvenation of the Piles depending on the consistency of each Soil can be chosen, in such a way that with harder The inclination of the outside of the concrete pile whose longitudinal central axis A-B is smaller and a softer one In contrast, soil is larger.
  • the Inclination of each of the outer sides of the pile 1 in question its longitudinal central axis A-B is about 2 to 6%.
  • the task of Invention roughened the surfaces of the outside of the piles or be provided with depressions. This will further their liability or friction on the surrounding Soil increased. For this it is recommended to use the concrete piles to produce from a porous concrete material, the the aforementioned porosity the roughening or indentation forms.
  • the piles 1 are made of concrete or reinforced concrete. You can also hollow and be made from a porous concrete, so that through its hollow interior (not shown) about the porous concrete in the ground is sucked off can be. This reduces the on very damp floors Risk of excessive slipperiness on the outside of the pile on Ground.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 schematically show arrangements and Devices shown to the piles according to the invention in the Bring in soil.
  • 5 is a smaller one, off-road vehicle 14 at the construction site by means of Common, hydraulically operated supports 15 supported and possibly held firmly by a ballast 16. It carries a via only schematically indicated struts 17 likewise only schematically indicated bracket 18, in the a hydraulic system 19 is attached.
  • the movable part 19 ' this hydraulic is fixed in a manner not shown the upper region of the vibrator 7 connected via a only indicated connection 20 at the upper area 8 of the pile 1 attacks.
  • the hydraulics 19 ensures the so-called Preload, i.e. the last vibrationless impression of the Pile 1 into the ground from the position shown in FIG. 3 in that of Fig. 4.
  • FIG. 6 shows the Post 1 before it is placed in the ground. This matches with 1.
  • the second cable 26 is moved by the roller 29 of the tractor and overflows another pulley 30 of leader 23, which as well the aforementioned pulley 28 in the upper area is appropriate.
  • the cable 26 runs from the deflection roller 30 to a lower guide roller 31 of the leader and from there back up to the vibrator 7. This cable serves at corresponding drive via the roller 29, via which then not operated vibrator the pole 1 from the position 3 to the end position shown in FIG. 4, i.e. to give him the pretension already explained.
  • Both the device 14 and the tractor 21 are because of required off-road capability with a caterpillar drive Mistake.
  • Fig. 7 shows the possibility of executing one of the piles 1 in perspective. From this is both the Taper the pile from its top face 6 to to its lower end face 13 as well as a rectangular one or square cross-sectional shape. It could but also an oval or circular cross-sectional shape be provided.
  • the cast-on pin 35 can be gripped of the pile by a crane or to connect to the Serve vibrator.
  • FIG. 8 shows in this example a top view of part of the bottom 2 with a total of nine piles 1, each of which is the upper one End faces are recognizable. What to apply to this The foundation is for the sake of simplifying the drawing only indicated by dash-dotted lines in FIG. 8.
  • FIG. 9 shows a view in the direction of arrow 32 with cast foundation 33.
  • the foundation 33 is on the top end faces 6 of the piles 1, which are in are on a common level. You can do this in Pour the material of the piles 1 embedded iron rods 34 his. These iron struts 34 are in one of the piles 1 in Fig. 8 indicated. You can stop the piles at her Set down on the ground and also to transfer the Vibrations from vibrator 7 serve on the piles.
  • So is a foundation 33 created in Fig. 8 by a group this single foundation of piles 1, here of eight Piles in the square and one in the middle of the square arranged pile is formed. Brackets 35 and 34 are firmly connected to the upper end faces of the piles 1.
  • FIGS. 10, 11 An arrangement of the piles according to FIGS. 10, 11 may be provided, which, like the piles after the Embodiment of Figures 8, 9 according to the teaching of Invention are introduced into the ground. It is a Area 36 shown, in which a number of support posts 1 in several rows next to or on top of each other C-D and E-F is driven into the soil 2.
  • the distances a between the support piles are relative low. They are chosen, for example 0.5 m, that according to the respective load and the soil value areas 37 with the driving of the supporting piles between them compacted earth, which is cross-hatched in Fig. 11 are shown.
  • the support piles taper 1 from above, i.e.
  • the piles can be configured as previously explained. This creates a total area between the piles compacted soil. They also serve here as well as in the other embodiments, the side walls 38 of the soil as contact and support areas for the tapered side walls 39 of the support piles 1.
  • the load of the structure indicated by the arrows 40 presses on the supporting piles 1.
  • the length L of the piles is in the range of 8 - 12 m, while the dimension of the upper end face 6 50 x 50 cm and the lower end face 13 is 15 x 15 cm.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé pour enfoncer dans le sol (2) des pieux (1) qui vont en se rétrécissant dans la direction d'enfoncement et qui servent à supporter ou à porter des constructions ou des parties de constructions, en particulier des fondations de constructions, caractérisé en ce que les pieux (1) sont mis en oscillations (9) en va-et-vient dans leur direction longitudinale (A-B), et enfoncés de cette manière dans le sol (2) tout d'abord jusqu'à une position située brièvement avant d'atteindre leur position en profondeur définitive, et en ce que l'on exécute alors une phase terminale de l'opération d'enfoncement par application sur le pieu d'une force de traction ou de compression (10) agissant dans la direction d'enfoncement (4) et dépourvue d'oscillations, jusqu'à ce que celui-ci soit fermement retenu dans le sol avec une certaine précontrainte.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le pieu respectif (1) est engagé ou enfoncé dans le sol (2) tout d'abord sans oscillations sur une plage partielle (5) de sa longueur (L), et en ce que l'on applique seulement ensuite les oscillations (9) au pieu.
  3. Pieu en béton pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 et 2, dans lequel le pieu en béton présente sur la totalité de sa longueur un rétrécissement qui se développe de manière conique, ou sous forme d'arc vers le bas, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces des faces extérieures (1') du pieu en béton (1) sont rendues rugueuses, ou pourvues de renfoncement.
  4. Pieu en béton selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la pente des faces extérieures (1') du pieu (1) par rapport à son axe longitudinal médian (A-B) est ainsi conçue qu'après son enfoncement et son amenée finale sous pression dans le sol (2), celles-ci adhèrent au sol.
  5. Pieu en béton selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que dans le cas de sols durs, la pente des faces extérieures (1') du pieu en béton par rapport à son axe longitudinal médian (A-B) est inférieure au cas de sols meubles.
  6. Pieu en béton selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le pieu en béton (1) s'élargit (12) vers le haut/vers l'extérieur à la manière d'une "trompette" dans la région de son extrémité supérieure (8).
  7. Pieu en béton selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisé en ce que pour la réalisation des rugosités ou des renfoncements, le pieu en béton (1) est réalisé en béton poreux.
  8. Pieu en béton selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 3 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le pieu (1) présente une section transversale approximativement carrée, ou circulaire, ou elliptique.
  9. Pieu en béton pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 et 2, ainsi que selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 3 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le pieu (1) présente dans sa région supérieure (8) une monture (35 ; 34) accessible depuis la surface frontale supérieure (6) pour l'application d'un vibrateur.
  10. Pieu en béton selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la monture (35 ; 34) est réalisée en vue de la fixation d'un élément de fondation individuel (33).
  11. Pieu en béton selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de fondation individuel (33) est coulé avec des armatures en fer (34), qui dépassent vers le haut depuis les régions supérieures (8) du pieu (1) au-delà de sa surface frontale supérieure (6).
EP96111806A 1995-07-31 1996-07-23 Procédé d'installation de pieux côniques, pieux correspondants, et fondation à pieux ainsi obtenue Expired - Lifetime EP0758699B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE29512311U 1995-07-31
DE29512311U DE29512311U1 (de) 1995-07-31 1995-07-31 Anordnung zur Oberflächenverdichtung von Böden
DE19535183 1995-09-25
DE1995135183 DE19535183A1 (de) 1995-07-31 1995-09-25 Verfahren zur Einbringung von sich in der Einbringrichtung verjüngenden Pfählen in den Erdboden, Ausgestaltungen der zugehörigen Pfähle, aus mehreren derart eingebrachten Pfählen hergestellte Gründungen u. ggf. Fundamentbildungen, sowie Geräte zur Durchführung des vorgenannten Verfahrens
DE29601080U DE29601080U1 (de) 1995-07-31 1996-01-23 Betonpfähle zum Einbringen in den Erdboden, sowie aus mehreren derartigen Pfählen hergestellte Gründungen und gegebenenfalls Fundamentbildungen, sowie Geräte zum Einbringen der Betonpfähle
DE29601080U 1996-01-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0758699A1 EP0758699A1 (fr) 1997-02-19
EP0758699B1 true EP0758699B1 (fr) 2001-10-17

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96111806A Expired - Lifetime EP0758699B1 (fr) 1995-07-31 1996-07-23 Procédé d'installation de pieux côniques, pieux correspondants, et fondation à pieux ainsi obtenue

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0758699B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE207168T1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101331703B1 (ko) * 2009-04-10 2013-11-20 신닛테츠스미킨 카부시키카이샤 강관 말뚝

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0902128A3 (fr) * 1997-09-11 1999-04-28 Van Splunder Funderingstechniek B.V. Procédé d'installation de fondations d'une piste de circulation, et dispositif
GB2330370B (en) * 1997-10-18 2001-11-28 Roxbury Ltd Improvements in piling arrangements
GB9724024D0 (en) * 1997-11-13 1998-01-14 Kvaerner Cementation Found Ltd Improved piling method
GB2354276B (en) * 1997-11-13 2001-05-09 Kvaerner Cementation Found Ltd Improved methods and apparatus for boring and piling
US6672015B2 (en) * 1999-02-25 2004-01-06 Menard Soltraitement Concrete pile made of such a concrete and method for drilling a hole adapted for receiving the improved concrete pile in a weak ground
NL1017350C1 (nl) * 2001-02-13 2002-08-14 Prepoton Panelcraft Groep B V Fundering voor kassen en dergelijke.
GB2384510B (en) * 2002-01-23 2005-06-22 Cementation Found Skanska Ltd Construction and design of foundation elements
CN101298770B (zh) * 2008-06-12 2010-06-23 大连理工大学 一种扩底预应力锥形管桩及其施工方法
EP2446089B1 (fr) * 2009-06-24 2023-04-19 Geopier Foundation Company, Inc. Appareil et procédé d amélioration des sols
US8328470B2 (en) * 2009-06-24 2012-12-11 Geopier Foundation Company, Inc. Apparatus and method for ground improvement
US9915050B2 (en) 2009-06-24 2018-03-13 Geopier Foundation Company, Inc. Apparatus and method for ground improvement
NL2006996C2 (nl) 2011-06-24 2013-01-02 Schokindustrie B V Verjongde funderingspaal.
GB2580041B8 (en) * 2018-12-19 2023-06-07 Keltbray Ltd Improvements in and relating to pile foundations

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DE194125C (fr)
DE230436C (de) * 1910-02-05 1911-01-26 Wilhelm Bechtel Eisenbetonrammpfahl
US3820347A (en) * 1971-11-01 1974-06-28 Oolite Ind Inc Tapered piles and methods of using tapered piles
CH622570A5 (en) 1977-09-29 1981-04-15 Fietz & Leuthold Ag Set of prefabricated concrete-pile elements and impact-driven concrete pile produced with the same
JPS61179920A (ja) * 1985-02-05 1986-08-12 Ohbayashigumi Ltd 地中貫入部材用揺動装置
NL8701500A (nl) * 1987-06-26 1989-01-16 Ringvaart B V De Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een door heipalen ondersteunde fundering.
GB9301891D0 (en) * 1993-01-30 1993-03-17 Roxbury Ltd Improvements in or relating to foundations

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101331703B1 (ko) * 2009-04-10 2013-11-20 신닛테츠스미킨 카부시키카이샤 강관 말뚝

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE207168T1 (de) 2001-11-15
EP0758699A1 (fr) 1997-02-19

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