EP0754908B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Unterdrückung von Flammen-/Druckschwingungen bei einer Feuerung - Google Patents
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Unterdrückung von Flammen-/Druckschwingungen bei einer Feuerung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0754908B1 EP0754908B1 EP96109647A EP96109647A EP0754908B1 EP 0754908 B1 EP0754908 B1 EP 0754908B1 EP 96109647 A EP96109647 A EP 96109647A EP 96109647 A EP96109647 A EP 96109647A EP 0754908 B1 EP0754908 B1 EP 0754908B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- flame
- burner
- fuel
- flow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2210/00—Noise abatement
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for suppressing flame / pressure vibrations with a burner with a burner which creates a flame, and a combustion chamber in which the flame is directed, and a corresponding device for implementing the Procedure.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object to specify a method by which such Flame / pressure vibrations with intolerable Pressure amplitudes are to be prevented.
- the invention proposes the flame of the burner with a flow encased as closely as possible from gas, which is a higher Flow velocity in the direction of flame propagation has as the outer or edge areas of the flame or the main burner flow containing fuel. In order to there is a transmission of axial impulse to the outside areas the flame or the fuel-containing one Burner outflow causes.
- the invention is based on the finding that the vibrations essentially by themselves in the edge area causes ring vortices forming the flame or be reinforced. These ring vertebrae, by rolling up the edge areas of the fuel-containing burner flow arise, close hot ones when they are formed Flue gases with a rapid heating of the fuel / air mixture also contained in the ring vortex and an impulsive, pressure vibration stimulating Cause reaction of the fuel.
- the flame with the smallest possible radial distance to the Flame or emerging to the main burner flow Surround the gas jacket flow, which has a higher flow rate in the flame propagation direction than the outer or edge areas of the flame.
- an acceleration of the free flame or Flow boundary layer of the fuel / air mixture causes and thus the emergence of reactive Effectively counteracts whirling in this area.
- the gas jacket flow from a non-ignitable Mixture consisting of gas and fuel behaves the gas jacket flow in terms of its effect more reactive in suppressing education Ring vortices essentially as if they had no fuel contains. I.e. possibly in the boundary layer between The gas jacket flow and the surrounding medium create eddies can not react and therefore not for excitation or amplification of flame / pressure vibrations to lead.
- the gas can be both Inert gas (e.g. nitrogen, water vapor or burned out Exhaust gases) as well as air, the former If the fuel concentration is irrelevant, there Inert gas with fuel in no mixing ratio react i.e. can burn while in the second case the fuel concentration outside the ignition limits of the respective fuel, so that here too do not react the ring vortices arising in the gas jacket flow can.
- the gas jacket flow can be used as a medium also a fuel / air mixture with fuel concentrations within that dependent on the respective fuel Ignition limits are used if the in essential axial outflow speed of this Principle of combustible gas jacket flow compared to Burner main flow that forms the flame so high is chosen that, on the one hand, adequate transmission of axial impulse and thus sufficient acceleration the outer areas of the flame or the Main burner flow is guaranteed, on the other hand however, the formation of an independent, stable Flame (or multiple flames in the case of multiple individual Outlets of the gas jacket flow) from the Gas jacket flow is prevented. That means that the Exit velocity of the gas jacket flow clearly is higher than the blow-off limit speed for one Flame.
- the gas jacket flow is preferably parallel to the central axis of the flame, but it can also be related on this flame or main flow direction Fuel / air flow also a certain Have radial and / or tangential component, resulting in a certain widening of the gas jacket along follows the direction of the flame, taking into account is that not all burners have flames in them critical areas have non-changing cross sections, but that flames also the one described can take a conical shape. It is essential always that the gas jacket flow compared to the unclad flame or fuel / air flow has sufficiently high momentum in the axial direction.
- a furnace according to the invention with a burner Generation of a flame and a combustion chamber in which the Flame is directed at least one gas outlet on, from which the gas encircled the flame emanates.
- the distance between the gas outlet opening and the Edge of the burning outlet from which the Fuel / air mixture should flow out be kept low.
- the gas outlet opening is preferably for generation the gas jacket flow as a gap or as a gap nozzle trained and tightly encloses the burner outlet, the burner outlet being both rotationally symmetrical can be formed as well as an elongated cross-sectional shape may have.
- the gap is then formed as an annular gap nozzle, which in particular concentric and closely spaced around the burner outlet is arranged.
- a single gap or a single Slit nozzle can also have a variety of smaller gas outlet openings surround the burner outlet, the narrow are spaced from each other.
- the Burner outlet and the overall arrangement of the gas outlet openings designed as quarter circular nozzles concentrically are arranged and that also by the variety of the gas outlet openings or nozzles Flame of the burner completely surrounding gas jacket flow which creates the formation of ring vortices suppressed.
- the burner outlet is basically and nozzle (s) not arranged in one plane as long as it is ensured that the Flame flowing gas jacket in the critical areas, in which ring vortices can arise, a sufficient Acceleration of the edge areas of the flame can cause to prevent vortex formation.
- FIG. 1 is a burner for performing the invention Procedure shown: It is about a swirl burner with a premixed fuel gas / air mixture 1 is fed via a burner tube 2.
- This burner tube ends at a swirl cabinet 3, the is rotationally symmetrical and inclined on its outer circumference Guide vanes 4 has.
- These guide vanes have an inclination of about 30 °, causing the outflow Fuel gas / air mixture a distraction and therefore experiences a twist.
- there are something radial further inside than the guide vanes 4 over the circumference distributes several through the swirl cabinet 3 through holes 5 attached through which a partial flow of the fuel gas / air mixture flow through can and so through pilot flame formation for flame stabilization contributes.
- On the outside 6 of the Swirl cabinet is the exiting from the burner The fuel gas / air mixture ignites and forms a flame 12 into a burner chamber (not shown in FIG. 1) entry.
- the flame 12 of the burner is made from a jacket Gas flows around.
- This jacket is caused by a gas flow 8 caused by an annular channel 7 parallel to Burner tube 2 is passed through the burner and exits the burner at an annular gap 9 which surrounds the swirl cabinet 3 closely spaced.
- To the Gas flow 8 before it emerges from the ring channel accelerate is in the end region of the ring channel Quarter-circle nozzle 10 installed, the strong acceleration especially the outer areas of the gas jacket flow in the axial direction (i.e. parallel to Axis 11 of the burner).
- the flow velocity from the annular gap 9 escaping gas jacket flow is due to the quarter circle nozzle 10 accelerated so far that the speed is significantly higher in the direction of the axis 11 than that towards the flame of the burning fuel gas / air mixture behind the swirl cupboard 3, whereby in the area between the one burning in a flame Fuel gas / air mixture and the closely surrounding it Gas jacket flow a boundary layer acceleration of the burning fuel gas / air mixture takes place.
- a boundary layer acceleration of the burning fuel gas / air mixture takes place.
- coherent Ring vortex structures comes through one rapid reaction of the fuel contained in them flame / pressure vibrations due to in-phase energy supply stimulate and reinforce.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
Description
- Figur 1
- Schnitt durch einen Brenner zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.
Claims (18)
- Verfahren zur Unterdrückung von Flammen-/Druckschwingungen bei einer Feuerung, die einen Brenner aufweist, mit dem eine Flamme erzeugt wird, und einen Brennraum, in den die Flamme gerichtet ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Flamme mit einer Strömung aus Gas ummantelt wird, die eine höhere Strömungsgeschwindigkeit in Flammenausbreitungsrichtung aufweist als die Außenbereiche der Flamme, um hier eine ausreichende Beschleunigung der Flamme bewirken zu können, so daß der Entstehung von reaktionsfähigen Wirbeln in diesen Bereichen entgegengewirkt wird. - Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Gas nicht-brennstoffhaltig ist. - Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Gas Brennstoff enthält. - Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Gas Luft ist. - Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Gas ein Inertgas, insbesondere Stickstoff, Wasserdampf oder ausgebranntes Abgas ist. - Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Gas ein Brennstoff/Luftgemisch ist, welches Brennstoff in einer Konzentration außerhalb der Zündgrenzen beinhaltet. - Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Gas ein Brennstoff/Luftgemisch ist, welches Brennstoff in einer Konzentration innerhalb der Zündgrenzen beinhaltet. - Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Gasmantelströmung im wesentlichen zylinderförmig ist. - Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Gasmantelströmung eng beabstandet zu den Außenbereichen der Flamme ist. - Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Strömungsrichtung des Gases parallel zur Flammenrichtung ist. - Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Strömungsrichtung des Gases in bezug auf die Flammenrichtung zusätzlich eine Radial- und/oder Tangentialkomponente aufweist. - Feuerung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche mit einem Brenner zur Erzeugung einer Flamme und einem Brennraum, in den die Flamme gerichtet ist, wobei die Feuerung mindestens eine Gasaustrittsöffnung (9) aufweist, aus der Gas die Flamme mantelförmig umschließend ausströmt und die als Viertelkreisdüse (10) ausgebildet ist, um eine starke Beschleunigung der Außenbereiche der Gasmantelströmung zu erzielen.
- Feuerung gemäß Anspruch 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Gasaustrittsöffnung als Spalt (9) ausgebildet ist und den Brenneraustritt eng umschließt. - Feuerung gemäß Anspruch 13,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Brenneraustritt rotationssymmetrisch ist und der Spalt ein Ringspalt (9) ist. - Feuerung gemäß Anspruch 14,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß Brenn austritt und Ringspalt konzentrisch angeordnet sind. - Feuerung gemäß Anspruch 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Brenneraustritt von einer Vielzahl von Gasaustrittsöffnungen umgeben ist, die eng beabstandet zueinander und zur Brenneraustrittsöffnung sind und eine die Flamme vollständig umschließende Mantelströmung bilden. - Feuerung gemäß Anspruch 16,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Brenneraustritt und die Gesamtanordnung der Gasaustrittsöffnungen konzentrisch angeordnet sind. - Feuerung gemäß Anspruch 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Ausströmrichtung der Gasaustrittsöffnung im wesentlichen parallel zur Mittelachse des Brenners ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19526369 | 1995-07-20 | ||
DE19526369A DE19526369A1 (de) | 1995-07-20 | 1995-07-20 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Unterdrückung von Flammen-/Druckschwingungen bei einer Feuerung |
DE19542681A DE19542681A1 (de) | 1995-07-20 | 1995-11-16 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Unterdrückung von Flammen-/Druckschwingungen bei einer Feuerung |
DE19542681 | 1995-11-16 |
Publications (4)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0754908A2 EP0754908A2 (de) | 1997-01-22 |
EP0754908A3 EP0754908A3 (de) | 1998-01-21 |
EP0754908B1 true EP0754908B1 (de) | 1998-09-09 |
EP0754908B2 EP0754908B2 (de) | 2001-04-18 |
Family
ID=26016953
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96109647A Expired - Lifetime EP0754908B2 (de) | 1995-07-20 | 1996-06-15 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Unterdrückung von Flammen-/Druckschwingungen bei einer Feuerung |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5758587A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0754908B2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP3755934B2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1146543A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE170968T1 (de) |
CZ (1) | CZ202696A3 (de) |
IN (1) | IN189365B (de) |
Families Citing this family (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0931979A1 (de) * | 1998-01-23 | 1999-07-28 | DVGW Deutscher Verein des Gas- und Wasserfaches -Technisch-wissenschaftliche Vereinigung- | Vorrichtung zur Unterdrückung von Flammen-/Druckschwingungen bei einer Feuerung insbesondere einer Gasturbine |
WO1999063276A1 (de) * | 1998-06-04 | 1999-12-09 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Brennstoffstrahldüse und verfahren zur eindüsung eines brennstoffstrahles |
EP0985877A1 (de) * | 1998-09-10 | 2000-03-15 | Abb Research Ltd. | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Minimierung thermoakustischer Schwingungen in Gasturbinenbrennkammern |
EP0987491B1 (de) * | 1998-09-16 | 2005-07-20 | ALSTOM Technology Ltd | Verfahren zur Verhinderung von Strömungsinstabilitäten in einem Brenner |
DE59811961D1 (de) * | 1998-11-09 | 2004-10-21 | Alstom Technology Ltd Baden | Brenner |
DE10000415A1 (de) | 2000-01-07 | 2001-09-06 | Alstom Power Schweiz Ag Baden | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Unterdrückung von Strömungswirbeln innerhalb einer Strömungskraftmaschine |
DE10004475C2 (de) * | 2000-02-02 | 2002-08-22 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Drallbrenner mit einem Drallkörper als Brennerelement in einer Brennkammer |
US6652265B2 (en) | 2000-12-06 | 2003-11-25 | North American Manufacturing Company | Burner apparatus and method |
ATE306050T1 (de) * | 2001-01-04 | 2005-10-15 | Haldor Topsoe As | Drallbrenner |
GB2375601A (en) * | 2001-05-18 | 2002-11-20 | Siemens Ag | Burner apparatus for reducing combustion vibrations |
US6929469B2 (en) * | 2002-02-28 | 2005-08-16 | North American Manufacturing Company | Burner apparatus |
EP1400752B1 (de) * | 2002-09-20 | 2008-08-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Vormischbrenner mit profilierter Luftmassenströmung |
US7513115B2 (en) * | 2005-05-23 | 2009-04-07 | Power Systems Mfg., Llc | Flashback suppression system for a gas turbine combustor |
FR2925657B1 (fr) * | 2007-12-19 | 2010-01-29 | Mer Joseph Le | Dispositif et procede pour stabiliser la pression et le debit d'un melange gazeux alimentant un bruleur cylindrique a combustion de surface |
DE102008006607B4 (de) | 2008-01-30 | 2011-03-03 | Ibu-Tec Advanced Materials Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung feinteiliger Partikel |
US9121609B2 (en) * | 2008-10-14 | 2015-09-01 | General Electric Company | Method and apparatus for introducing diluent flow into a combustor |
US8474265B2 (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2013-07-02 | General Electric Company | Fuel nozzle for a turbine combustor, and methods of forming same |
US8708696B2 (en) * | 2010-01-05 | 2014-04-29 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Swirl-counter-swirl microjets for thermoacoustic instability suppression |
DE102011011207A1 (de) * | 2011-02-14 | 2012-08-16 | Air Liquide Deutschland Gmbh | Brenner zum gleichmäßigen Erwärmen eines langen Ofens |
US10240784B2 (en) | 2013-06-17 | 2019-03-26 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Burner assembly for flaring low calorific gases |
GB2524167A (en) * | 2014-02-12 | 2015-09-16 | Breen Energy Solutions | Method of co-firing coal or oil with a gaseous fuel in a furnace |
US10767900B2 (en) | 2015-05-14 | 2020-09-08 | Lochinvar, Llc | Burner with flow distribution member |
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JPS5819929B2 (ja) * | 1978-07-11 | 1983-04-20 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 低NO↓xバ−ナ− |
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DE4231788A1 (de) † | 1992-09-23 | 1994-03-24 | Koerting Ag | Brenner für flüssige oder gasförmige Brennstoffe |
JP3197103B2 (ja) * | 1993-03-08 | 2001-08-13 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 予混合気の燃焼方法 |
JP3272447B2 (ja) * | 1993-03-10 | 2002-04-08 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | ガス燃料用バーナ |
DE4339094A1 (de) * | 1993-11-16 | 1995-05-18 | Abb Management Ag | Verfahren zur Dämpfung von thermoakustischen Schwingungen sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
US5567141A (en) * | 1994-12-30 | 1996-10-22 | Combustion Tec, Inc. | Oxy-liquid fuel combustion process and apparatus |
-
1996
- 1996-06-15 EP EP96109647A patent/EP0754908B2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-06-15 AT AT96109647T patent/ATE170968T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-07-08 CZ CZ962026A patent/CZ202696A3/cs unknown
- 1996-07-10 IN IN1255CA1996 patent/IN189365B/en unknown
- 1996-07-17 US US08/682,230 patent/US5758587A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-07-19 JP JP18982196A patent/JP3755934B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-07-19 CN CN96110270.5A patent/CN1146543A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CZ202696A3 (en) | 1997-02-12 |
IN189365B (de) | 2003-02-15 |
EP0754908B2 (de) | 2001-04-18 |
ATE170968T1 (de) | 1998-09-15 |
EP0754908A2 (de) | 1997-01-22 |
CN1146543A (zh) | 1997-04-02 |
JP3755934B2 (ja) | 2006-03-15 |
US5758587A (en) | 1998-06-02 |
EP0754908A3 (de) | 1998-01-21 |
JPH09178113A (ja) | 1997-07-11 |
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