EP0749790B1 - Verfahren und Herstellung eines gerichtet erstarrten Giesskörpers und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens - Google Patents
Verfahren und Herstellung eines gerichtet erstarrten Giesskörpers und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0749790B1 EP0749790B1 EP96810192A EP96810192A EP0749790B1 EP 0749790 B1 EP0749790 B1 EP 0749790B1 EP 96810192 A EP96810192 A EP 96810192A EP 96810192 A EP96810192 A EP 96810192A EP 0749790 B1 EP0749790 B1 EP 0749790B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- chamber
- baffle
- cooling chamber
- casting mould
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
- B22D27/045—Directionally solidified castings
Definitions
- Using methods to produce a directionally solidified Casting body can be complicated and high components subject to thermal and mechanical loads, such as vanes or blades of gas turbines, getting produced.
- the directionally solidified casting body as a single crystal formed or aligned in a preferred direction Stem crystals are formed. Is of particular importance that the directional solidification takes place under conditions, where between a chilled part of a molten starting material receiving mold and the still molten starting material a strong heat exchange takes place.
- a zone can then be directed form solidified material with a solidification front, which with continuous removal of heat to form the directly solidified casting body wanders through the casting mold.
- the production of a faultless casting body depends essentially on the size of the temperature gradient on the solidification front and the rate of solidification. With low temperature gradient and high solidification rate cannot be a directionally solidified casting getting produced. In contrast, with a large temperature gradient and with a slow solidification rate although a directionally solidified casting body is produced, however, such a casting has undesirable defects on how especially chained and coaxial aligned grains (freckles).
- the invention is based on a method for Production of a directionally solidified casting body and a device for performing the method as it for example, in US-A-3,532,155.
- the described method is used to manufacture the barrel and Guide blades of gas turbines and uses an evacuable Oven.
- This oven has two by one water-cooled Wall separated and arranged one above the other Chambers, of which the upper chamber is heatable is and a swiveling crucible to accommodate pouring material, for example a nickel-based alloy, having.
- the one with this heating chamber Opening in the water-cooled wall connected lower chamber is coolable and has walls through which water flows on.
- One through the bottom of this cooling chamber and the opening drive rod guided in the water-cooled wall a water-cooled cooling plate, which the bottom of a the mold is located in the heating chamber.
- the first step is in the crucible liquefied alloy in the in the heating chamber cast mold is poured.
- This forms above the cooling plate forming the mold base from a narrow zone directed solidified alloy.
- With one in the cooling chamber directed downward movement of the mold becomes this shape through the opening provided in the water-cooled wall guided.
- a zone of directionally solidified alloy limiting solidification front migrates to form a directional solidified casting body from bottom to top the entire mold.
- a is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant
- a method for the production is also from the Japanese application JP 53-57127 known from directionally solidified castings.
- the mold led down by a heating chamber and with a cooling ring, which with an inert gas is operated, cooled.
- a disadvantage of this method is that that not the mold itself, but only the housing, which is around the mold is arranged, cooled, resulting in a much lower one Temperature gradients in the solidification front leads.
- there is no baffle between Heating and cooling element available which also negatively affects the temperature gradient in the solidification front and thus affects grain growth.
- the method according to the invention is characterized in that that it directionally froze and near vacancies Casting body provides low porosity, which itself complex design practically shatterproof are.
- the process also enables fast throughput times and can also be used in prior art devices be carried out, which can be converted with little effort have been.
- the single figure shows a schematic representation a preferred embodiment of a device for performing of the inventive method.
- the device shown in the single figure has one Vacuum chamber 2 evacuable via a vacuum system 1.
- the Vacuum chamber 2 takes two through a baffle (radiation shield) 3 separate chambers 4 arranged one above the other, 5 and a pivotable crucible 6 for receiving a Alloy, for example a nickel base super alloy, on.
- the upper 4 of the two chambers is heatable.
- the with the heating chamber 4 through an opening 7 in the baffle 3rd connected lower chamber 5 contains a device for Generating and guiding a gas flow.
- This device contains a cavity with openings or nozzles 8, which point inwards to a mold 12 and a system for Generation of gas flows 9.
- the from the openings or nozzles 8 emerging gas flows are mostly centripetal.
- Drive rod 10 carries an optionally water-flowed Cooling plate 11, which forms the bottom of a mold 12.
- This casting mold can be applied to the drive rod 10 acting drive from the heating chamber 4 through the opening 7 in the cooling chamber 5 are guided.
- the mold 12 has above the cooling plate 11 thin-walled, for example 10 mm thick, part 13 Ceramic, which promotes the formation of crystals Can accommodate germs and / or a helix starter.
- the cooling plate 11 can open or close the mold 12 become.
- the mold 12 is open and can via a filling device led into the heating chamber 4 14 with melted alloy 15 from the crucible 6 be filled.
- the mold 12 in the heating chamber 4 surrounding Electric heating elements 16 hold the one in the heating chamber Part of the mold 12 located alloy part above their liquidus temperature.
- the cooling chamber is connected to the entrance of a vacuum system 17 Removing the inflowing gas from the vacuum chamber 2 and connected for cooling and cleaning the removed gas.
- Casting mold 12 With a downward movement of the cooling chamber 5 Casting mold 12 becomes the ceramic part 13 of the casting mold 12 successively through the opening 7 provided in the baffle 3 guided. A zone of directionally solidified alloy limiting solidification front 19 migrates to form a directed solidified casting body 20 from bottom to top through the entire mold (figure).
- the inert gas streams emerging from the openings or nozzles 8 strike the surface of the ceramic part 13 and are guided downwards along the surface. Here they withdraw heat q from the mold 12 and thus also from the already solidified part of the mold content q.
- a particularly high heat extraction even with a complex trained mold is achieved when the baffle 3 is cooled and / or when its opening 7 of flexible, at the mold 21 adjacent fingers 21 is limited.
- the inert gas blown into the cooling chamber 5 can by the Vacuum system 17 removed from the vacuum chamber 2, cooled filtered and - compressed to a few bar - pipes 18 are supplied with the openings or nozzles 8 in Active connection.
- the furnace geometries, the heating temperatures and the pouring temperatures were identical in all processes.
- the solidification front typically has one concave shape.
- the solidification front on the other hand, is flat or even convex. With the method according to the invention, such a single-crystal Solidification of a turbine blade in the area of its inside and its outer end can be adjusted better.
- the method according to the invention is evident at high speed through the furnace from that the cast body produced afterwards a special high single crystal breaking strength, low porosity and have no defects.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Description
Hieraus ergibt sich α = 72 J/m2sK.
Cr=6,5; Co=9,5; Mo=0.6; W= 6,5; Ta=6,5; Re=2,9; Al=5,6; Ti=1,0; Hf=0,1; Ni=Rest.
- 1
- Vakuumsystem
- 2
- Vakuumkammer
- 3
- Baffle (Strahlungsschild)
- 4
- Heizkammer
- 5
- Kühlkammer
- 6
- Schmelztiegel
- 7
- Öffnung
- 8
- Düsen
- 9
- Inertgasströme
- 10
- Antriebsstange
- 11
- Kühlplatte
- 12
- Giessform
- 13
- Keramikteil
- 14
- Füllvorrichtung
- 15
- aufgeschmolzene Legierung
- 16
- Heizelemente
- 17
- Vakuumsystem
- 18
- Rohrleitungen
- 19
- Erstarrungsfront
- 20
- Giesskörper
- 21
- Finger
Claims (14)
- Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Giesskörpers (20) in einer Vakuumkammer (2), bei dem eine in einer Giessform (12) befindliche flüssige Legierung aus einer Heizkammer (4) in einer Kühlkammer (5) geführt wird und dabei gerichtet erstarrt, wobei die Heizkammer (4) von der Kühlkammer (5) durch ein mit einer Öffnung (7) versehenes Baffle (3) getrennt ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Giessform unterhalb des Baffles (3) von aussen zusätzlich mit strömendem Gas gekühlt wird, wobei das Gas in der Kühlkammer (5) in Richtung der Oberfläche der Giessform (12) geführt wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gas ein Inertgas, wie insbesondere Argon oder Helium, ist.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gas nach Eintreten des Bodens der Giessform (12) in die Kühlkammer (5) geführt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das Gas anschliessend aus der Vakuumkammer (2) entfernt wird. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gas durch Abpumpen in Führungsrichtung der Giessform (12) aus der Vakuumkammer (2) entfernt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das abströmende Gas abgesaugt, gekühlt, gefiltert und danach erneut in die Kühlkammer (5) geführt wird.
- Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1, bestehend aus einer Giessform (12) in einer Vakuumkammer (2), welche eine Heiz- (4) und einer Kühlkammer (5) aufweist, beide Kammern durch ein mit einer Öffnung versehenes Baffle (3) getrennt, sowie einer Transportvorrichtung (10) für die Giessform (12), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf der von der Heizkammer (4) abgewandten Seite des Baffles (3) in der Nähe des Baffles Düsen (8) zum Erzeugen und Führen der Gasströmung angeordnet sind.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öffnungen die Perforationen mindestens einer perforierten Wand sind.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zur Erzeugung und Führung der Gasströmung ringförmig um die im Baffle (3) vorgesehene Öffnung (7) angeordnet sind und überwiegend radial nach innen gerichtete Öffnungen oder Düsen (8) aufweisen.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zur Erzeugung der Gasströmung wassergekühlt sind.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine auf die Kühlkammer (5) und/oder das Baffle (3) wirkende zusätzliche Kühlvorrichtung vorgesehen ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Baffle (3) gekühlt ist und/oder von in die Öffnung (7) geführten flexiblen, an der Giessforn (12) anliegenden Fingern (21) begrenzt ist.
- Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlkammer (5) mit dem Eingang eines Vakuumsystems (17) zum Entfernen des Gases aus der Kühlkammer (5) und zum Kühlen und Reinigen des entfernten Gases verbunden ist, welches Teil eines der Kühlkammer (5) wieder Gas zuführenden geschlossenen Kreislaufs ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Ausgang des Vakuumsystems (17) mit zu den Düsen oder Öffnungen (8) führenden Rohrleitungen (18) verbunden ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19522266 | 1995-06-20 | ||
| DE19522266 | 1995-06-20 | ||
| DE19539770 | 1995-10-26 | ||
| DE19539770A DE19539770A1 (de) | 1995-06-20 | 1995-10-26 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines gerichtet erstarrten Gießkörpers und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0749790A1 EP0749790A1 (de) | 1996-12-27 |
| EP0749790B1 true EP0749790B1 (de) | 2000-08-23 |
| EP0749790B2 EP0749790B2 (de) | 2004-11-03 |
Family
ID=26016101
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96810192A Expired - Lifetime EP0749790B2 (de) | 1995-06-20 | 1996-03-26 | Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines gerichtet erstarrten Giesskörpers |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5921310A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0749790B2 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP3919256B2 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19539770A1 (de) |
| EA (1) | EA000040B1 (de) |
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| US6715534B1 (en) * | 1997-09-12 | 2004-04-06 | All-Russian Scientific Research Institute Of Aviation Materials | Method and apparatus for producing directionally solidified castings |
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| US6192969B1 (en) * | 1999-03-22 | 2001-02-27 | Asarco Incorporated | Casting of high purity oxygen free copper |
| RU2152844C1 (ru) * | 1999-05-27 | 2000-07-20 | Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт авиационных материалов | Устройство для получения отливок с направленной и монокристаллической структурой |
| DE59909337D1 (de) * | 1999-06-03 | 2004-06-03 | Alstom Technology Ltd Baden | Verfahren zur Herstellung oder zur Reparatur von Kühlkanälen in einstristallinen Komponenten von Gasturbinen |
| RU2146185C1 (ru) * | 1999-07-27 | 2000-03-10 | Спиридонов Евгений Васильевич | Способ изготовления направленной кристаллизацией детали с монокристаллической структурой и устройство для его осуществления |
| EP1076119A1 (de) | 1999-08-11 | 2001-02-14 | ABB Alstom Power (Schweiz) AG | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines säulenförmigen körnigen Gegenstandes durch gerichtete Erstarrung |
| US6311760B1 (en) * | 1999-08-13 | 2001-11-06 | Asea Brown Boveri Ag | Method and apparatus for casting directionally solidified article |
| RU2157296C1 (ru) * | 1999-10-12 | 2000-10-10 | Спиридонов Евгений Васильевич | Способ изготовления направленной кристаллизацией детали с монокристаллической структурой и устройство для его осуществления |
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| DE3603310A1 (de) * | 1986-02-04 | 1987-08-06 | Leybold Heraeus Gmbh & Co Kg | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum giessen von formteilen mit nachfolgendem isostatischen verdichten |
| US4763716A (en) * | 1987-02-11 | 1988-08-16 | Pcc Airfoils, Inc. | Apparatus and method for use in casting articles |
| GB8712743D0 (en) * | 1987-05-30 | 1987-07-01 | Ae Plc | Casting method |
| US4969501A (en) * | 1989-11-09 | 1990-11-13 | Pcc Airfoils, Inc. | Method and apparatus for use during casting |
| DE4321640C2 (de) * | 1993-06-30 | 1998-08-06 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zum gerichteten Erstarren einer Metallschmelze und Gießvorrichtung zu seiner Durchführung |
-
1995
- 1995-10-26 DE DE19539770A patent/DE19539770A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-03-26 DE DE59605783T patent/DE59605783D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-03-26 EP EP96810192A patent/EP0749790B2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-04-26 EA EA199600020A patent/EA000040B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-06-13 JP JP15256796A patent/JP3919256B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-09-26 US US08/938,702 patent/US5921310A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19539770A1 (de) | 1997-01-02 |
| EA199600020A2 (ru) | 1996-12-30 |
| EP0749790B2 (de) | 2004-11-03 |
| EP0749790A1 (de) | 1996-12-27 |
| EA000040B1 (ru) | 1998-02-26 |
| JP3919256B2 (ja) | 2007-05-23 |
| US5921310A (en) | 1999-07-13 |
| JPH0910919A (ja) | 1997-01-14 |
| EA199600020A3 (ru) | 1997-03-31 |
| DE59605783D1 (de) | 2000-09-28 |
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