EP0747154B1 - Procédé et appareil pour la fabrication des pièces frittées - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour la fabrication des pièces frittées Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0747154B1
EP0747154B1 EP96250118A EP96250118A EP0747154B1 EP 0747154 B1 EP0747154 B1 EP 0747154B1 EP 96250118 A EP96250118 A EP 96250118A EP 96250118 A EP96250118 A EP 96250118A EP 0747154 B1 EP0747154 B1 EP 0747154B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
zone
temperature
sintering
sintered parts
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96250118A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0747154A1 (fr
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Lindner
Rudolf Schneider
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sinterwerke Herne GmbH
QMP Metal Powders GmbH
Original Assignee
BT Magnet Technologie GmbH
QMP Metal Powders GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Application filed by BT Magnet Technologie GmbH, QMP Metal Powders GmbH filed Critical BT Magnet Technologie GmbH
Publication of EP0747154A1 publication Critical patent/EP0747154A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0747154B1 publication Critical patent/EP0747154B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing sintered parts with high Wear resistance and at the same time good dynamic strength properties pressed moldings according to the preamble of claim 1 and a Device for performing this method.
  • EP-A-0 354 389 discloses a method in which a Sintered steel powder is pressed and sintered.
  • the sintered parts are austenitized by heating in a salt bath, rapidly cooled to a temperature of 280 to 450 ° C and in kept within this temperature range a bainitic microstructure of the structure to reach.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method of the generic type modify that while ensuring good dynamic strength properties and good wear properties and significantly improved dimensional accuracy (tighter manufacturing tolerances) is achieved, with the procedural and the plant engineering effort should remain as low as possible.
  • a Apparatus for performing this method can be specified.
  • the invention is based on the fact that for the production of the sintered parts a known tempered steel powder is used, which is made of a pre-alloyed steel is produced, that is (with the exception of the C content) an even distribution of Has alloy components. The latter does not have to be done accordingly long-term diffusion processes during the sintering are aimed for.
  • the Previously required separate heat treatment of the sintered parts after sintering Setting the good dynamic strength properties with high at the same time Wear resistance is eliminated.
  • the setting of these properties is rather in Carried out directly during the sintering treatment.
  • the steel powder used consists of an air-hardening material. This can help the use of an oil bath which is undesirable anyway for environmental reasons To achieve a deterrent effect.
  • the carbon content of the sintered parts is usually separated in the form of Graphite added to allow the steel powder to ensure adequate Pressability remains soft enough. The diffuses during the sintering process Graphite into the powder particles that bind together.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically, immediately after sintering (section a) to cool the sintered parts from the sintering temperature to a first holding temperature, which is in a temperature range from Ar 3 to a maximum of 150 ° C above Ar 3 .
  • the cooling (section b) from the sintering temperature to the first holding temperature is expediently carried out at a cooling rate of 0.5-1.5 ° C./s.
  • the sintered parts are held at the first holding temperature for about 5 to 25 minutes (first holding time, section c). This results in a smaller austenite grain size.
  • the first holding temperature in a range of at most 50-100 ° C. above Ar 3 .
  • a useful duration of the first stopping time is 10-20 minutes.
  • the device according to the invention which is electronically controlled Continuous sintering furnace is designed schematically in its simplest form shown.
  • An arrow on the left indicates that the sintered parts in a first zone will be introduced, which acts as a heating zone and in which the in the Lubricants contained in green compacts (e.g. waxes) can be evaporated.
  • This the first zone is therefore also referred to as dewaxing zone 1.
  • the actual sintering zone 2 is arranged in the direction of transport, in which the sintered parts kept at sintering temperature (at least 1000 ° C) for a sufficiently long time become. Because the sintered parts at a constant speed through the sintering zone 2 has a corresponding length on.
  • a Maintain an oxygen-free atmosphere (protective gas atmosphere).
  • the sintering zone 2 is followed by an austenitizing zone 3 in which the sintered parts first cooled and kept at austenitizing temperature.
  • a rugged cooling zone 4 which is equipped with a corresponding (not shown) Gas shower is equipped to provide sufficiently intense convective gas cooling cause.
  • the sintered parts have reached the second holding temperature, they kick into the bainitis zone 7 and become sufficient over a second holding time held at this temperature for a long time, so that it is at least 50% Can form bainite in the structure.
  • the bainitis zone 7 has a corresponding length. After sufficient bainitis, if possible before If a 95% share is reached, the sintered parts enter a final one Normal cooling zone 5, where they from the bainitization temperature to the vicinity of Be cooled to room temperature.
  • FIG. 3 shows the diagram of a system modified compared to FIG. 2, which differs in that the green compacts used in the device can choose between two different paths.
  • the arrangement of the Dewaxing zone 1 to the rugged cooling zone 4 coincides with that shown in FIG completely match. Behind the rugged cooling zone 4, the material flow direction can be set optionally. Either the sintered parts produced come on immediately a separate normal cooling zone 5a and the system can be sintered as "normal", so leave as parts not manufactured in accordance with the invention; or you are for the sequence of procedures according to the invention after leaving the Rugged cooling zone 4 via an optionally connectable transverse transport device 6, such as this is indicated by the arrows, in a parallel to the first part bainitization zone 7 arranged throughout the device.
  • the direction of transport is expediently opposite to the first part the device.
  • This is followed by a normal cooling zone 5b, in which the parts treated according to the invention are cooled to room temperature.
  • This modified device thus has two normal cooling zones. So one offers such a system has a particular flexibility with regard to what is to be processed Product range.
  • it would be possible without further ado Arrangement of the normal cooling zone 5a and that of the bainitization zone 7 and The normal cooling zone 5b of the plant line formed is to be interchanged.
  • the illustrated embodiment however, has the advantage that it is a has a comparatively short overall length.
  • the dimensional accuracy corresponded to the tolerance class IT9.
  • Compressed bodies of the same type as in the previous example were produced from a fully alloyed steel powder of the composition Fe-4 Ni-0.5 Mo, to which 1% Cu and 0.6% graphite and conventional lubricants were added.
  • the sintering was carried out at a temperature of 1120 ° C. over a period of 30 min in an endogas atmosphere with controlled C potential.
  • a rugged cooling with a cooling rate of 3 ° C./s took place as well as the bainitization according to the invention and a subsequent normal cooling down to room temperature.
  • a bainitic structure emerged in the components with the following properties: tensile strenght 750 - 800 N / mm 2 Hardness level 350 - 450 HV1 Elongation at break A3 until 6 %
  • the dimensional accuracy of the parts produced according to the invention was also significantly better. It corresponded to the tolerance class IT8.
  • the method according to the invention allows components in the sintered state at the same time combine high toughness with high strength, which otherwise also with a separate heat treatment cannot be achieved, one clearly improved dimensional tolerance can be guaranteed.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Procédé pour la fabrication de pièces frittées ayant une résistance élevée à l'usure et de bonnes propriétés de résistance mécanique dynamiques, à partir de corps moulés, qui ont été pressés comme ébauches de compact en une poudre d'acier ayant subi un traitement par trempe et revenu, durcie à l'air, complètement alliée, ayant une teneur en carbone, ajoutée sous forme de graphite, d'au moins 0,3 %, par frittage sous un gaz protecteur à une température de frittage d'au moins 1000°C et refroidissement suivant,
    les pièces frittées étant directement refroidies, comme suite au frittage, de la température de frittage à une première température de maintien dans la plage de Ar3 à au maximum 150°C au-dessus de Ar3 et étant maintenues, pendant un premier temps de maintien de 5 à 25 minutes, à cette température, pour austéniser les pièces, et
    les pièces frittées étant ensuite directement refroidies, par un refroidissement au gaz par convection de façon accélérée jusqu'à une seconde température de maintien et maintenues pendant un second temps de maintien à cette température, la seconde température de maintien se trouvant dans une plage de températures dans laquelle se forme une structure de bainite, et le second temps de maintien étant tel que l'on obtient une proportion de structure de bainite d'au moins 50 %, et
    les pièces frittées étant ensuite refroidies à la température ambiante.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que la première température de maintien vaut au maximum de 50 à 100°C au-dessus de Ar3.
  3. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 2,
    caractérisé en ce que le premier temps de maintien vaut de 10 à 20 minutes.
  4. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce que le refroidissement au gaz par convection est effectué à 3 - 6°C/s.
  5. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que le refroidissement à la première température de maintien est effectué à 0,5 - 1,5°C/s.
  6. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé en ce que le second temps de maintien présente une limite supérieure telle que la proportion de structure de bainite vaut au plus 95 %.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6,
    caractérisé en ce que le second temps de maintien est tel que la proportion de structure de bainite vaut de 60 à 80 %.
  8. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisé en ce que l'atmosphère de gaz protecteur est conservée pendant la phase d'austénitisation et est réglée à un potentiel C agissant sur la carburation des pièces frittées.
  9. Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon la revendication 1, comportant un four de frittage commandé électroniquement, réalisé comme appareil en continu, ayant une zone de frittage (2), une zone de refroidissement brusque (4) à refroidissement au gaz, agencée derrière la zone de frittage (2), et une zone de refroidissement normal (5) agencée derrière la zone de refroidissement brusque (4), une zone d'austénitisation (3) étant agencée entre la zone de frittage (2) et la zone de refroidissement brusque (4), et une zone de bainitisation (7) étant agencée entre la zone de refroidissement brusque (4) et la zone de refroidissement normal (5, 5b).
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9,
    caractérisé en ce qu'une seconde zone de refroidissement normal (5a) est prévue qui est agencée parallèlement à la première zone de refroidissement normal par technique de flux de matière, une des deux zones de refroidissement normal (5b) pouvant être chargée par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif de transport transversal (6) et l'autre zone de refroidissement normal (5a) étant raccordée directement à la zone de refroidissement brusque (4) pour contourner au choix la zone de bainitisation (7).
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 10,
    caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de transport transversal (6) est agencé entre la zone de refroidissement brusque (4) et la zone de bainitisation (7).
  12. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 1,
    caractérisé en ce que la première zone de refroidissement normal (5b) et la zone de bainitisation (7) présentent un dispositif de transport parallèle, opposé à la direction de transport de la zone de frittage (2), de la zone d'austénitisation (3), et de la zone de refroidissement brusque (4).
EP96250118A 1995-06-07 1996-06-04 Procédé et appareil pour la fabrication des pièces frittées Expired - Lifetime EP0747154B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19521941A DE19521941C1 (de) 1995-06-07 1995-06-07 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Sinterteilen
DE19521941 1995-06-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0747154A1 EP0747154A1 (fr) 1996-12-11
EP0747154B1 true EP0747154B1 (fr) 2001-02-14

Family

ID=7764535

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96250118A Expired - Lifetime EP0747154B1 (fr) 1995-06-07 1996-06-04 Procédé et appareil pour la fabrication des pièces frittées

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5628045A (fr)
EP (1) EP0747154B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3679508B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE199130T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19521941C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2153935T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (13)

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DE19738919C1 (de) * 1997-09-05 1999-04-29 Maxon Motor Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gleitlagers und Gleitlager
DE19744226A1 (de) * 1997-10-07 1999-07-29 Bt Magnet Tech Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Ritzels mit Bund und Verzahnung
US6358298B1 (en) 1999-07-30 2002-03-19 Quebec Metal Powders Limited Iron-graphite composite powders and sintered articles produced therefrom
DE19963973C1 (de) 1999-12-31 2001-05-31 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zum Bainitisieren von Stahlteilen
DE10045290A1 (de) * 2000-09-13 2002-03-21 Mahle Ventiltrieb Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Metallsinterteiles
JP3698409B2 (ja) * 2000-10-25 2005-09-21 本田技研工業株式会社 焼結スプロケット
US6630101B2 (en) 2001-08-16 2003-10-07 Keystone Investment Corporation Method for producing powder metal gears
US6658260B2 (en) 2001-09-05 2003-12-02 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. Inter-carrier short messaging service providing phone number only experience
SE0201824D0 (sv) * 2002-06-14 2002-06-14 Hoeganaes Ab Pre-alloyed iron based powder
FI115389B (fi) * 2003-03-28 2005-04-29 Metso Paper Inc Menetelmä kiekkohakkurin kulutuslevyn valmistamiseksi ja kiekkohakkurin kulutuslevy
US20050095164A1 (en) * 2003-03-28 2005-05-05 Metso Paper, Inc. Method for manufacturing a wear plate of a disc chipper and wear plate of a disc chipper
DE102007061084A1 (de) 2007-12-19 2009-07-02 Federal-Mogul Sealing Systems Gmbh Metallische Flachdichtung und Herstellverfahren
JP6273519B2 (ja) * 2014-03-26 2018-02-07 住友電工焼結合金株式会社 粉末成形体の焼結方法

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JPS59177325A (ja) * 1983-03-28 1984-10-08 Nippon Steel Corp 高強度熱延ベイナイト鋼板の製造方法
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GB2197663B (en) * 1986-11-21 1990-07-11 Manganese Bronze Ltd High density sintered ferrous alloys
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2153935T3 (es) 2001-03-16
DE59606428D1 (de) 2001-03-22
EP0747154A1 (fr) 1996-12-11
JPH093587A (ja) 1997-01-07
US5628045A (en) 1997-05-06
DE19521941C1 (de) 1996-10-02
JP3679508B2 (ja) 2005-08-03
ATE199130T1 (de) 2001-02-15

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