Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
  • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
  • B25D1/00—Hand hammers; Hammer heads of special shape or materials
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D1/00—Straightening, restoring form or removing local distortions of sheet metal or specific articles made therefrom; Stretching sheet metal combined with rolling
  • B21D1/06—Removing local distortions
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S72/00—Metal deforming
  • Y10S72/705—Vehicle body or frame straightener

Definitions

• the invention relates to a dent hammer for aligning and denting metal sheets, and in particular to a dent hammer which is used in body construction for repairing sheet metal damage, in particular also in inaccessible places.
• buckling hammers are conventionally used which, depending on the type of sheet metal damage (area and depth of deformation of the dented sheet, accessibility of the dented point, etc.), have different sizes and designs and generally have the classic structure have a (manually guided) hammer with a striking body running transversely to the handle.
• Conventional (manually operated) dent hammers are always usable when the areas to be aligned are directly accessible and when there is space to take out and apply the blow. These conditions do not exist for a large part of the damage to body parts, so that the conventional dent hammers are either not usable at all, or the results are less satisfactory.
• Pneumatically driven hammers are also known, in which a Impact body is set in motion by means of a motor, and which, in contrast to the conventional, manually operated buckling hammers described above, also requires only little space for the application of the blows.
• these hammers driven by a motor are often more expensive owing to the drive units required and the more complex construction resulting therefrom, cannot be operated with the sensitivity required for certain bend-out work and, moreover, frequently display a high level of noise due to the drive unit.
• the dent hammer according to the invention comprises a hollow cylinder in which a hardened impact head is located.
• This hardened impact head is connected to a handle by means of a bolt slide which penetrates the lower cylinder cover surface.
• the handle, and thus the bolt slide and the hardened hammer head can be moved against the hollow cylinder along the cylinder axis, a stop bushing being inserted into the hollow cylinder cover surface and a stop cylinder on the upper cylinder cover surface, which act as stops to limit the movement of the Handle and the associated bolt slide together with the hardened hammer head in the direction of the cylinder axis.
• Interchangeable striking weights can also be attached to the handle, which provide for a larger moving mass, and thus greater transferable forces, or better handling.
• an accessory holder On the upper cylinder cover surface facing away from the handle and the bolt slide, an accessory holder is provided for receiving interchangeable accessory parts, which represent the actual straightening plunger which directly exerts the force on the sheet metal part to be straightened.
• These interchangeable accessories are differently shaped in order to offer, depending on the size and shape of a dented sheet metal area and the possibility of access to this dented sheet metal area, an optimal contact surface for the force to be applied.
• the handle including the associated bolt slide and hardened hammer head
• the lengths of the bolt slide, the hardened hammer head and the hollow cylinder are matched to one another in the dent hammer according to the invention such that the lower end of the bolt slide also protrudes somewhat from the hollow cylinder of the dent hammer according to the invention when the bolt slide together with the associated hardened hammer head reaches the upper stop in the Hollow cylinder is inserted, d. H.
• the bolt slide is longer than the cylinder stroke.
• a helical compression spring is attached outside the hollow cylinder around the shaft of the bolt slide between the handle and the stop bush, in order to provide a restoring force which drives the bolt slide out of the hollow cylinder again after it has been inserted into the hollow cylinder .
• this helical compression spring for returning the pin slide is not present.
• a straightening plunger replaceable accessory
• the hardened striking head connected to the handle via the bolt slide rushes in the interior of the hollow cylinder towards the impact cylinder located on the upper cylinder top surface (that is to say on the side facing the straightening plunger). Since the pin slider is longer than the cylinder stroke, the insertion movement of the pin slider and the hardened hammer head into the hollow cylinder is stopped abruptly by the hardened hammer head colliding with the impact cylinder, as a result of which a large force shock is applied to the straightening plunger connected to the impact cylinder located on the upper cylinder surface and is thus transferred to the sheet metal part to be straightened.
• the intensity of the sheet metal part to be aimed can be exerted Measure the strokes precisely. Due to the coordination of the shape of the interchangeable straightener with the point in the sheet to be dented, an optimal effect can thus be achieved. Furthermore, in contrast to a conventional, manually operated hammer, which is guided with a relatively large space-consuming, outward-moving hand movement, the denting hammer according to the invention takes up very little space when applying the blows. This is e.g. B. Particularly advantageous when working in the intermediate area between two metal sheets (e.g.
• the dent hammer according to the invention shows further serious advantages. Compared to conventional, manually operated dent hammers that be carried out with a sweeping arm and hand movement, with large forces being exerted on the wrists in particular with heavy hammers, which on the one hand makes the use of this hammer very uncomfortable and can lead to signs of fatigue or less precision when several successive blows are applied ,
• the dent removal hammer according to the invention is also ergonomically more favorable, since the essential force transmission takes place between the stop bushing or the stop cylinder and the hardened striking head impinging on it, and therefore there is no direct stress on the wrists.
• the above-mentioned first embodiment of the buckling hammer according to the invention with a spiral compression spring is ergonomically advantageous, since after each blow (bump) the bolt slide automatically at least partially automatically presses back into its starting position, and the user can thus concentrate the introduction of the impact force exclusively on the insertion movement, so that longer, fatigue-free working is possible, which results in an advantageous working rhythm.
• the construction of the dent hammer according to the invention with the parts displaceable against the hollow cylinder not only allows forwards as described above towards the cylinder axis, but it is also possible to pull in the direction of the cylinder axis, which can be very favorable, in particular, when working on car body sheet metal parts can.
• a straightening rod replaceable accessory part
• a straightening rod replaceable accessory part
• the straightening plunger is now wedged on or in the dented and straightened sheet metal part, with the one hand again Hollow cylinder of the dent hammer according to the invention is included, and the dent hammer is placed in its retracted state, so that the hardened hammer head located in the interior of the hollow cylinder is in the vicinity of the upper cylinder cover surface, that is to say the side facing the straightening plunger and the workpiece to be machined.
• the intensity of the tensile forces exerted on the sheet metal part to be straightened can also be precisely metered in the pulling direction by varying the cylinder stroke and the momentum with which the handle is pulled out of the hollow cylinder and because of the additional impact weights on the handle.
• the additional handle part that can be attached to the hollow cylinder can be moved and can continue to be used to apply the very large tensile forces required when aligning body frame parts.
• additional handle part are stops on the outer circumference of the hollow cylinder, z. B. in the form of union nuts, which limit the displacement of the plugged-on additional handle part on the hollow cylinder.
• the other parts that can be moved against the hollow cylinder namely the handle with striking weights including the bolt slide and hardened striking head, are brought into their maximum extended position (ie until they strike the stop bush located on the lower cylinder cover surface).
• On both sides of the hollow cylinder one person grabs one of the two handles on the additional handle.
• the dent hammer according to the invention thus permits precise and precisely metered impacts and bumps for a large number of requirements and can be adapted to the particular circumstances by means of interchangeable accessories.
• FIG. 1 shows a section through a first embodiment of the dent hammer according to the invention with a spiral compression spring, an exchangeable straightening plunger (accessory) being fitted in the accessory holder;
• FIG. 2 shows a section through a second embodiment of the dent hammer according to the invention without a spiral compression spring, with no straightening plunger being attached, and with an additional handle part to be attached including handles and an additionally attachable sleeve (dash-dotted);
• 3a to 3f are perspective partial views of various straightening plungers (accessories) that can be screwed onto the dent hammer according to the invention
• FIG. 4 shows the use of a dent hammer according to the invention with additional impact weights attached to its handle when striking (forward beating), the straightening plunger (setting tool) shown in FIG. 3 f being screwed onto the dent hammer;
• FIG. 5 shows the use of a dent hammer according to the invention with additional impact weights attached to its handle when pulling (striking backwards), the straightening plunger shown in FIG. 3 a being screwed onto the dent hammer;
• FIG. 6 shows the use of the buckling hammer shown in FIG. 5, the additional handle part shown in FIG. 2 including the associated handles being screwed on to apply very high tensile forces;
• FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the dent hammer 20 according to the invention with spiral compression spring 7 and replaceable straightening plunger 98 in section.
• the dent hammer 20 comprises a hollow cylinder 5, in the interior of which a hardened striking head 3 can be displaced along the cylinder axis.
• the hardened impact head 3 is connected at one end to a bolt slide 4.
• a stop sleeve 6 is attached to the lower cylinder cover surface 5a and a stop cylinder 9 to the upper cylinder cover surface 5b.
• the accessory holder 1 for the interchangeable accessories (straightening plunger) 12 to 17 is integrated, the accessory holder 1 being attached in the form of a thread in the embodiment of the dent hammer 20 according to the invention shown in FIG. 1.
• the end of the bolt slide 4 facing away from the hardened impact head 3 leads through an opening in the stop bush 6 to a screwed-on handle 8.
• the stop bush 6 and the stop cylinder 9 are outside the hollow cylinder 5 up to the outer diameter of the hollow cylinder Provide 5 upstanding flanges 6a (end flange) or 9a (middle flange) and firmly connected to the hollow cylinder 5 by means of union nuts 10 and 11 screwed around the outer cylinder jacket and these flanges 6a, 9a.
• Both the handle 8, the bolt slide 4 and the hardened hammer head 3, as well as the hollow cylinder 5, the stop bush 6, the stop cylinder 9 and the union nuts 10 and 11 each form a unit, these sub-units being movable relative to one another and similar to the parts of a bicycle air pump are interconnected. Since the bolt slide 4 with the hardened striking head 3 is longer than the hollow cylinder 5, by pressing the handle 8 impacts on the stop cylinder 9 can be exerted with the straightening plunger 98 attached in the accessory holder 1 and thus also on the workpiece. By jerky pulling on the handle 8, the striking head 3 strikes the stop bush 6, so that a backward striking (pulling) is possible. In the dent hammer 20 shown in FIG.
• the pin slide 4 is fully inserted into the hollow cylinder 5. It can be seen that the end of the bolt slide 4 facing the handle 8 projects beyond the lower end 5a of the hollow cylinder 5, which, as described above, leads to the direct collision and thus the transmission of force when striking backwards (pulling) between the relative to the hollow cylinder 5 displaceable parts and the stop bush 6 or when striking forward (bumping) between the parts which are displaceable relative to the hollow cylinder 5 and the stop cylinder 9 by means of the hardened firing pin 3.
• the spiral compression spring 7, which is wound outside the hollow cylinder 5 between the handle 8 and the stop bush 6 around the shaft of the bolt slide 4, ensures at least partially automatic resetting of the bolt slide inserted into the hollow cylinder 5 after each impact 4th
• FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the dent hammer according to the invention without a spiral compression spring and without a screwed-on accessory part (straightening plunger), the handle 8 being provided with two additional striking weights 50 which, as described above, result when the hammer strikes are carried out their mass can exert additional forces on the straightening rod (not shown).
• the additional impact weights 50 attached to the handle 8 are designed such that they are detachably fastened so as to obtain a lighter dent hammer if required.
• the screwed union nut 11 can be easily removed, and the additional handle part 51 can then be attached as a counterweight for balancing the parts that move when struck (handle 8 together with additional striking weights 50, bolt slide 4, hardened striking head 3).
• the additional handle part 51 serving as a counterweight can be clamped between the union nuts 10 and 11.
• the additional handle part 51 on the hollow cylinder between the union nuts 10 and 11 serving as a stop is free slidable.
• the additional handle part 51 is shown with two handles (crossbars) 18 which are screwed into the additional handle part 51 in bores 19 provided therefor.
• the auxiliary handle part 51 preassembled in this way is now pushed onto the hollow cylinder 5 of the dent hammer 20 according to the invention shown in FIG. 2.
• the cross bars 18 allow two people to access them.
• FIG. 6 shows the use of this additional handle part 51 for pulling in connection with the buckling hammer 20 shown in FIG. 2 and the straightening plunger 12 shown in FIG. 3a.
• 3a-3f show accessories (straightening plungers) which can be fastened in the accessory holder 1 of the buckling hammer 20 according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
• These are, on the one hand, spherical or hemispherical and flattened straightening plungers 16, 14, 15 (FIGS. 3e, 3c, 3d) or also a straightening plunger (setting tool) 17 provided with a more or less truncated attack surface 62 (setting tool) 17 ( 3f).
• These interchangeable additional tools can all be used for pushing (forward beating), the handle 8 of the dent hammer 20 being jerkily inserted into the hollow cylinder 5. Depending on the type of sheet metal damage present, the most suitable additional tool is selected.
• these interchangeable accessories can also be additional tools which are angled towards the front and which can be used for pulling (striking backwards) or both for pulling and for pushing.
• 3b shows a screw-on straightening spoon 13 which is provided with a flattened, spoon-shaped area 41 at its front end, which is angled from the axis of the hollow cylinder 5, and which is for bulging the side area of a car door, which is not due to the inner sheet metal is directly accessible, screwed into the accessory holder 1 provided with a corresponding thread and is placed behind the inner panel at the point to be dented.
• the flattened, spoon-shaped area 41 of the straightening spoon 13 can, however, also be placed in the interior of a sheet metal area to be driven and tilted therein. If you then pull the handle 8 of the dent hammer 20 out of the hollow cylinder in a jerky manner, you can briefly exert very high tensile forces on the sheet metal with the straightening spoon 13, thus driving up the deformation of the sheet metal.
• the straightening plunger 12 shown in FIG. 3a is also suitable for combined pushing and pulling on deformed body sheet metal parts. To bulge the edge region of a wheel arch, the straightening plunger 12 is screwed onto the accessory holder 1 with its thread 60 and with its multiple impact body running transversely to the shaft 61 36 hung behind the flare. The damage is remedied by pulling on the handle 8.
• 7a to 7d show different views of such a straightening plunger 12.
• FIG. 7a shows a view in which the viewing plane intersects the shaft 61 of the straightening plunger 12.
• 7b shows the view rotated by 90 ° about the axis n of the substantially cylindrical multi-impact body 36
• FIGS. 7c and 7d the views from the side corresponding to FIGS.
• the typical shape of the multi-impact body 36 which is transverse to the angled shaft 61 can be thought of as follows: from a circular cylinder which is transverse to the shaft 61 (the shape of which is indicated in FIG. 7a by points A, B, C, D) in a starting from the intersection point M of the axis m with the plane p (which is parallel to the tangential plane to the cylinder jacket and intersects it), which runs parallel to the direction of view in Fig.
• first movement material removed ie the area between points M and O is removed from the circular cylinder.
• second movement symmetrical to the first with respect to the axis m
• Moved material removed The body thus obtained is rotated through 90 ° along the cylinder axis n.
• Material is then removed in a third movement starting from the plane q (which is perpendicular to the plane p) and running parallel to the viewing direction in FIG. 7b and in the vicinity of the cylinder cover surfaces a, b towards the axis m.
• Material is then removed in a fourth movement symmetrical to the third movement with respect to the axis m.
• FIG. 4 and 5 show a dent removal hammer 20 according to FIG. 2 with additionally screwed-on impact weights 50 and with a screwed-on setting tool 17 or screwed-on straightening plunger 12, the dent hammer 20 once for pushing (forward-striking - FIG. 4) and once for Pull (hit backwards - Fig. 5) is used.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
• Straightening Metal Sheet-Like Bodies (AREA)
• Automatic Assembly (AREA)
• Adornments (AREA)
• Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=6508398

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Families Citing this family (8)

Family Cites Families (15)

• 1994
  • 1994-01-21 DE DE4401717A patent/DE4401717C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1995
  • 1995-01-20 WO PCT/EP1995/000207 patent/WO1995019855A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1995-01-20 EP EP95907573A patent/EP0740587B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1995-01-20 AT AT95907573T patent/ATE160302T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1995-01-20 ES ES95907573T patent/ES2109811T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1996
  • 1996-07-19 US US08/690,162 patent/US5730023A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1997
  • 1997-11-20 GR GR970403025T patent/GR3025452T3/el unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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