EP0709536B1 - Antrieb - Google Patents
Antrieb Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0709536B1 EP0709536B1 EP95117035A EP95117035A EP0709536B1 EP 0709536 B1 EP0709536 B1 EP 0709536B1 EP 95117035 A EP95117035 A EP 95117035A EP 95117035 A EP95117035 A EP 95117035A EP 0709536 B1 EP0709536 B1 EP 0709536B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cam
- opening
- closing
- door
- drive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000418 atomic force spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000209035 Ilex Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
- E05F3/04—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes
- E05F3/10—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes with a spring, other than a torsion spring, and a piston, the axes of which are the same or lie in the same direction
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F1/00—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
- E05F1/08—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings
- E05F1/10—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings for swinging wings, e.g. counterbalance
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
- E05F3/04—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes
- E05F3/10—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes with a spring, other than a torsion spring, and a piston, the axes of which are the same or lie in the same direction
- E05F3/104—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes with a spring, other than a torsion spring, and a piston, the axes of which are the same or lie in the same direction with cam-and-slide transmission between driving shaft and piston within the closer housing
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F1/00—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
- E05F1/08—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings
- E05F1/10—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings for swinging wings, e.g. counterbalance
- E05F1/1008—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings for swinging wings, e.g. counterbalance with a coil spring parallel with the pivot axis
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/60—Suspension or transmission members; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/622—Suspension or transmission members elements
- E05Y2201/624—Arms
- E05Y2201/626—Levers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/60—Suspension or transmission members; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/622—Suspension or transmission members elements
- E05Y2201/688—Rollers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2600/00—Mounting or coupling arrangements for elements provided for in this subclass
- E05Y2600/40—Mounting location; Visibility of the elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
- E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
- E05Y2900/132—Doors
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
- E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
- E05Y2900/148—Windows
Definitions
- the invention relates to a drive for a door, window or the like with the Features of the preamble of claim 1, preferably a manual door closer.
- Hydraulic door closers with closer springs are known. During the opening movement the closer spring is compressed by hand. This results in a adverse opening resistance. The closing movement then takes place automatically under the action of the closer spring. In practice it is important that the closing moment shortly before reaching the closed position is relatively high to the lock latch to be able to overpress. With conventional door closers, this means that the opening resistance is particularly high in the area of small opening angles and is annoying.
- a door closer which also has a closer spring has as an energy store. Between the closer spring and the door closer shaft a cam gear is switched, which has a transmission ratio that varies over the door rotation angle he brings. The door angle-dependent course of the gear ratio is however the same when opening and closing.
- the invention has for its object a drive of the type mentioned to develop further so that the drive is high with a structurally simpler construction Provides ease of access and also ensures secure closing.
- a structurally simpler and functionally reliable door closer who have a non-disturbing opening resistance when opening, so that a comfortable manual opening is possible and one safe automatic closing, e.g. B. guaranteed by overcoming the lock latch is.
- the different torque curve provided by the invention when opening and when closing means that the path-dependent torque curve when opening and runs differently when closing, d. H. thus the path dependency of the opening torque, which represents the opening resistance is different from the path dependency the closing torque that forms the automatic closing action.
- a control device can be used to switch the torque characteristic at certain door rotation angle can be provided, whereby it can be realized that at a certain door rotation angle, a transition from the one torque characteristic to another torque characteristic.
- the control device can be switched in this way be that a torque characteristic in the opening direction and in the closing direction the other torque characteristic takes effect.
- the control cam can be formed on a cam disc and indirectly or interact directly with the energy storage, e.g. B. via an intermediate Pressure piece.
- Preferred embodiments of this principle can be used as a door closer with a cam gear be executed.
- the control cam is formed on a cam, preferably two cams are present, namely a first cam with a first cam which forms the opening cam and a second cam with a second cam that forms the locking cam.
- Particularly advantageous Features of such exemplary embodiments are specified in claims 12 to 21.
- control curve as Control slot or control recess is formed and indirectly or directly interacts with the energy storage.
- Particularly advantageous features of such Comments result from claims 8 to 10. They can be called so-called Switch sleeve closer to be executed.
- the NO contacts shown all have a different torque characteristic when closing than when opening on.
- the door closer of Figures 1 to 5 has a switching sleeve device special control curves for power transmission, the control curve for Opening and closing are different.
- the control curves are switchable and are called switching pin tracks in the following.
- the locking mechanism can be integrated in the door hinge.
- the switching sleeve 4 is concentric in the movement sleeve 5.
- opening and closing the door is done by switching between the switch pin tracks 6 and 7 achieved a different path-force curve.
- the switching pins run during the opening process (due to the specified direction of rotation the door) inevitably on the flatter tracks 6 of the movement sleeve. Since the path 8 on the switching sleeve runs steeper than the corresponding one Lane 6 on the movement sleeve, the switching sleeve is relative to the switching pin twisted to the motion sleeve. If the door is over the switch angle (here ⁇ / 16) open out, the switching edge 9 blocks the path of the switching pin back to the flat track.
- the coil spring 3 is tensioned over the pressure plate 12 by the switching pins.
- the pressure plate is opposed by the plate 13 against twisting the bearing pin 15 secured by the plate 13 in an axial longitudinal groove in Bearing pin 15 engages.
- the bearing pin 15 can be stationary, d. H. fixed frame and the sleeve 5 with the door leaf 50 firmly be trained.
- the coil spring 3 acts as a closer spring.
- the steeper the shift pin path the more the resulting force component is greater in the circumferential direction of the sleeve 5, which determines the torque.
- the steep section is preferably located with door angles less than 90 degrees, especially less than 40 degrees. The vertex the turn forms the switchover point, in the present case 40 degree rotation angle.
- the door closer of Figures 6 and 7 has two cam-shaped cams on an opening cam 16 and a closing cam 17.
- Es the gearbox is a cam gear with a switchable characteristic.
- the compression spring 14 serves as a closer spring.
- Opening and closing cams have in the end position (closed door) c) the same radius b.
- the pressure piece is activated by a suitable mechanism after reaching the end position pushed back on the opening cam.
- the compression spring 14 acts as a closer spring.
- the cams form the output side of the door closer.
- the closer shaft can as with conventional door closers directly or via a force-transmitting linkage be connected to the door leaf.
- the cam device shown can be equipped with a damping device, not shown be connected, e.g. B. also attacking the closer shaft.
- the cam device and the damping device can be in one Housing be arranged, such as in a conventional floor closer.
- the memory 80 is connected to two piston-cylinder units 81, 82, interposed is a valve 81a, 82a, respectively.
- a valve 81a, 82a When opening the piston cylinder 81 with the smaller cross section and when closing the piston cylinder 82 active with the larger cross section. Because of the different Cross sections become different characteristics when opening and Get close.
- the door closer according to the principle in Figure 9 works in a corresponding manner.
- the energy store 90 is in this case with a piston-cylinder unit smaller effective cross-section connected, a valve 91a is interposed.
- the piston is connected to a piston of a second piston-cylinder unit 92, e.g. B. via a piston rod.
- An overflow line 93 connects the two cylinders.
- the small piston cylinder 91 acts when opening and closing.
- the larger piston cylinder 92 becomes close at the end of the closing movement Zero degree door rotation angle activated.
- the system works like an air pump Energy supplied and stored there. By opening it several times, the Memory filled. As soon as the memory is filled, the opening resistance minimal. Relatively little energy may have to be taken from the memory to close are consumed, especially if closing takes place relatively slowly.
- the pistons of the piston-cylinder systems are coupled to the door in terms of gears, e.g. B. to drive a shaft that forms the closer shaft.
- the piston rods in Figure 8 can be coupled together in terms of gear.
- the energy store can also have an additional energy supply for reloading.
- the torque characteristic curve runs different when opening than when closing.
- FIGS. 1 to 5 show the torque characteristics shown in FIG. 11 receive. This result is due to the existing path / force curve obtained, which is different when opening and closing, as in figure 10 shown.
- the closing torque is the same as the opening torque and remains so low until shortly before the closed position, in present case at 8 degrees door angle. There the closing moment rises sharply to a value that is significantly higher than the opening torque. The high closing moment just before the closed position ensures that the door locks closes and the door latch is pushed over. Immediately with an even smaller door angle shortly before the end position, the closing torque can drop again to a little a value that keeps the door closed.
- This torque curve is only an example. He can in the embodiment of Figures 1 to 5 by appropriate choice of parameters, in particular Design of the control curve - this means appropriate setting of a varying transmission ratio and specifically different when opening and closing - can be set.
- the door closers according to Figures 12 to 42 have two cam-shaped cams on, namely an opening cam 16 and a closing cam 17th
- a switching device ensures that the opening torque characteristic from the opening cam 16 and the closing torque characteristic from Closing cam 17 is controlled. Due to the different contour and the thus differently effective lever arms of both cams becomes a different one Opening and closing torque curve on the closer shaft 18 reached.
- FIG. 33 The arrangement in a door closer, preferably floor door closer, is in Figure 33 shown. It can be seen there that the pressure roller 19 with the opening cam 16 and the locking cam 17 cooperates.
- the pressure roller 19 interacts with a closing mechanism, not shown, which in Figure 33 can be arranged to the right of the pressure roller 19 and in a conventional manner Way, a closing spring and a damping device, for. B. with hydraulic Can have piston-cylinder unit with damping pistons.
- the Cam device 16, 17, closer shaft 18 and pressure roller 19 and the mentioned remaining locking mechanism is in a housing, preferably cast housing 49 arranged.
- the technical-functional details of the switchable Cam devices are described below with reference to FIGS. 12 ff.
- the opening cam 16 shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 is non-positively connected to the Closer shaft 18 of the door closer is connected and can face the Do not twist the closer shaft.
- the opening cam has a cylindrical one Recess 20, which is concentric with the receiving bore 21 for the Closer shaft.
- the closing cam shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 fits with the cylindrical part of its outer contour in the recess 20th
- the closing cam 17 can be in the opening cam 16 around the closer shaft 18 turn.
- the opening cam is firmly connected to the closer shaft.
- the two cams point up to a certain angle, which is the switch point between the opening and closing torque characteristics, different Outer contours. This angle is 50 °, for example.
- the locking cam has a cylindrical outer contour that is concentric to the bore 28 (see FIG. 14).
- Figures 18 to 20 show the interaction of opening and closing cams with the pressure roller 19 at different positions of the door.
- the pressure roller 19 is from its right side with the spring force of the closer spring acted upon; this spring force is shown in Figure 18 to 20 by a black Arrow symbolizes.
- Figure 18 shows the position of the cams and the pressure roller when closed Door.
- the opening cam 16 connected to the closer shaft lies with the Tips of its control surfaces 22 on the pressure roller and thus holds the door firmly in the rest position.
- the locking cam 17 is also with his Control surfaces 23 on the pressure roller.
- the opening cam is opposite the closing cam by a leg spring 27 biased, this is shown in Figures 21 and 22.
- the closing spring mechanism was not shown in an overview in FIGS. 18 to 20.
- the leg spring is concentric around the on the closer shaft 18th pushed on disc 37 and is supported with a pin at each end 26 from.
- the bolts 26 are each in an axial bore in the opening or Pressed locking cams.
- Figure 21 shows the position of opening and Closing cam and leg spring 27 with the door closed.
- Figure 22 shows the position of the opening and closing cams and the leg spring with an opening angle of the door of less than 50 °.
- Figure 19 shows the rotation of the cams by opening the door by an angle less than 50 °.
- a rotary movement here in the Shown clockwise
- the opening cam slides with its control surface 22 about the pressure roller 19.
- the pressure roller is followed by the control surface pushed to the right and compresses the closer spring (not shown here).
- leg spring 27 is tensioned by turning the opening cam 16 (see FIG. 22).
- the closing cam 17 is pressed by the tension of the leg spring with its control surface 23 against the pressure roller and cannot turn back into its starting position (FIG. 21). This creates a relative rotation of the closing cam to the opening cam.
- the closing cam 17 lifts off the pressure roller.
- the tension of the leg spring 27 rotates it back into its starting position relative to the opening cam 16.
- the pressure roller 19 is only moved further to the right by the outer contour of the opening cam; the closer spring is further compressed.
- FIG. 20 shows the direction of rotation of the coupled cams at Closing the door. As soon as the line of contact between the cams and the pressure roller moves beyond the edge 24 of the control surface of the opening cam only the closing cam has force-transmitting contact to the pressure roller. Because opening and closing cams are different in this area Have different contours, a different opening and closing torque curve realized.
- FIGs 23 to 26 The operation of the switching pin 25 is shown in Figures 23 to 26.
- Figure 23 shows the position of the switching pin when the door is closed.
- the shift pin 25 is only in the opening cam 16, therefore the closing cam 17 no positive connection to the opening cam (except via the Leg spring 27).
- FIG. 24 shows how, when the door is opened, the closing cam 17 relative to the Opening cams twisted (see also Figure 19). Because of the relative twist the cam to each other, the bore 28 is covered, the switching pin are not pressed into the locking cams by switching force B. The The switching mechanism and switching forces are explained below.
- Figure 25 shows the switching process with a door opening angle of 50 °.
- the Closing cam 17 is the further opening by the bias of Leg spring 27 in its starting position relative to opening cam 16 turned back (compare Figure 19 and 20).
- the shift pin is replaced by the Switching force B inserted into the bore 28 of the locking cam. It arises a non-positive and positive connection between opening and closing cams; both cams can no longer turn against each other.
- FIG. 20 When closing the door, the pressure roller 19 slides over the edge of the control surface 24 (cf. FIG. 20), the closing torque ms is exceeded by the closing cam the switching pin on the opening cam firmly connected to the closer shaft transfer.
- Figure 26 shows how due to the closing torque of the bolt is clamped between the opening and closing cam bore. He can do that be applied with a force F without shifting.
- Figure 27 shows an exploded view of the switching mechanism, Figure 28 one Cross section through the switching mechanism.
- the left end of the guide rod 29 is guided axially displaceably in the end plate 30.
- the guide rod has a paragraph 31.
- the concentric to the guide rod Blocking spring 32 presses with its right end on the paragraph 31 and with it left end on the end plate 30.
- the threaded sleeve 33 is screwed onto the right end of the guide rod 29.
- the release spring 34 which is arranged concentrically with the guide rod presses with its right end on the threaded sleeve 33 and with its left End on the switching pin 25.
- the switching pin has an axial bore, with which it is guided axially displaceably on the guide rod.
- Figures 29 to 32 show the operation of the switching mechanism.
- Figure 29 shows the switching mechanism with the door closed (see also Figure 23 and 35).
- the closer spring presses on the threaded sleeve 33 via the pressure roller 19 and pushes the guide rod 29 into its left end position.
- the blocking spring 32 is pressed and compressed by the paragraph 31 against the end plate 30.
- the locking cam 17 can rotate about the closer shaft 18.
- Figure 30 shows the switching mechanism with a door opening angle ⁇ 50 °
- the closing cam 17 is rotated relative to the opening cam 16 (see also Figure 24). Since in this position the pressure roller 19 is no longer in contact with the threaded sleeve 33 has, the blocking spring 32 pushes the switching pin 35 as far to the right until its lateral surface 36 abuts the locking cam.
- the Closing cam 17 can continue to rotate about the closer shaft 18.
- Figure 31 shows the switching mechanism with a door opening angle> 50 °.
- the closing cam 17 was in its initial position by the leg spring turned back relative to the opening cam 16 (see also Figure 25). In this position, the blocking spring 32 can the switching pin 35 in the locking cam 17 slide. This creates a positive and positive connection between opening and closing cams.
- Figure 32 shows the switching mechanism at a door opening angle during the closing process shortly before the door is finally closed.
- the pressure roller 19 already has the switching mechanism again via the threaded sleeve 33 pushed back to the left. Because of the effect on the locking cam Moments, the switching pin 35 is clamped in this position (see FIG. 26); therefore the release spring 34 cannot push it back to the left.
- Figure 33 shows the arrangement of the opening and closing cam and the switching mechanism in the installed state in the door closer when closed Door, the rest of the closing mechanism cooperating with the pressure roller 19 is not shown, but formed in a conventional manner can be, as mentioned at the beginning.
- Figure 34 shows a section through the switching mechanism when closed Door. It can be seen how the guide rod 29 and the switching pin 35 be pushed to the left by the pressure roller 19.
- Figure 35 shows details of the storage and guidance of the leg spring 27 and the fixing of the end plate 30 with the washer 37.
- the end plate has a cutout 38 which shows the relative rotation of the locking cam 17 together with the bolt 26 pressed into the locking cam.
- Figures 35 to 42 Another option to have a different opening and closing torque curve by switching between the opening and closing cam to achieve is shown in Figures 35 to 42.
- Figure 36 shows the arrangement the opening cam 16 and the closing cam 17 with switching device in a door closer, which is otherwise the same as the previous embodiment can be constructed conventionally.
- the closing cam is form-fitting in the opening cam stored and rotatable about the closer shaft 18.
- the opening cam is non-positively connected to the closer shaft 18.
- the formwork pin 35 is rotatable about its vertical axis in the left half of the opening cam stored and axially fixed by the locking ring 39.
- the shift pin has a radial bore 41 for receiving the leg spring 42.
- Figure 37 shows the switching mechanism from below.
- the pressure roller 19 is in a spring rocker 40 mounted from the right with the closer spring (here not shown) is applied.
- the spring arm is rotatable in the housing stored.
- the leg spring 42 has rounded ends.
- Spring leg 43 is guided in the curved track 44, spring leg 45 is in the cam track 46 fixed to the housing.
- the locking cam 17 has one cylindrical recess 47 into which the switching pin 35 is positively screwed can be.
- Figures 35 to 37 show the position of the switching mechanism and the cams with the door closed.
- the cams are controlled when the door is opened via the control surfaces of the cams analogously to FIGS. 19 and 20. Opening and locking cams are similar to that shown in FIG Figure 21 and 22 shown connected together, for. B. also by a leg spring 27 or the like.
- Figure 38 shows the process of opening the door at a small angle, e.g. 10 °.
- a small angle e.g. 10 °.
- the spring leg 43 slides to the right on the cam track 44 and is preloaded due to the shape of the cam track.
- Figure 39 shows the switching process, here with an opening angle of e.g. 57 °.
- an opening angle e.g. 57 °.
- Figure 40 shows the position of the cams 16 and 17 and the switching pin 35 when closing the door, here with 30 ° opening angle.
- the spring leg 43 slides with its end over the curved track 44 and thereby holds the Switch pin in its twisted position. This leaves opening and Closing cams are positively and positively connected.
- the pressure roller 19 rolls over the outer contour of the locking cam. (see also Figure 20).
- Figure 41 shows the position of the cams 16 and 17 and the switching pin 35 when closing the door, here with an opening angle of approx. 4 °.
- the pressure roller 19 rolls via the button 23 of the locking cam 17.
- the pressure force of the Closing spring acts on the pressure roller 19 via the spring rocker 40 a torque is initiated via the button 23 in the closing cam 17 and via the switching pin 35 in the connected to the closer shaft Opening cam 16 forwarded.
- the switching pin is thus clamped between the opening and closing cams and cannot twist.
- Spring leg 43 lifts off cam track 44 from, spring leg 45 is guided by the cam track 46.
- Figure 42 shows the position of the cams 16 and 17 and the switching pin 25 when closing the door, here with an opening angle of approx. 1.8 °.
- the feather leg 45 is biased.
Landscapes
- Closing And Opening Devices For Wings, And Checks For Wings (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
- Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1 - 5
- Schalthülsentürschließer:
- Figur 1
- eine Schnittansicht einer Steuerhülsenanordnung mit einer äußeren Bewegungshülse und einer inneren Schalthülse mit Schließerfeder;
- Figur 2
- eine Seitenansicht auf eine Abwicklung des Außendurchmessers der Schalthülse in Figur 1;
- Figur 3
- eine Seitenansicht auf eine Abwicklung des Innendurchmessers der Bewegungshülse in Figur 1;
- Figur 4
- überlagerte Schaltstiftbahnen von äußerer Bewegungshülse und innerer Schalthülse bei der Anordnung in Figur 1 beim Schließvorgang;
- Figur 5
- Darstellung entsprechend Figur 4, jedoch beim Öffnungsvorgang;
- Fig. 6 - 7
- Nockenschließer:
- Figur 6
- eine Seitenansicht einer Nockeneinrichtung mit Schließerfeder eines Türschließers, in Betriebsstellung bei maximaler Offenstellung des Türflügels;
- Figur 7
- eine Draufsicht in Figur 6;
- Fig. 8 - 9
- Druckspeicherschließer:
- Figur 8
- eine schematische Prinzipdarstellung für einen Türschließer mit einem pneumatischen oder hydraulischen Druckspeicher, der mit zwei Kolbenzylindereinheiten zusammenwirkt, wobei beim Öffnen die Kolbenzylindereinheit mit dem kleineren Wirkquerschnitt und beim Schließen die Kolbenzylindereinheit mit dem größeren Wirkquerschnitt aktiv ist;
- Figur 9
- eine Prinzipdarstellung entsprechend Figur 8 für ein abgewandeltes Ausführungsbeispiel;
- Fig. 10 - 11
- Kennlinien:
- Figur 10
- die Abhängigkeit des Federhubs über der Abwicklung der Mantelfläche der Hülse für das Ausführungsbeispiel der Figuren 1 bis 5, idealisiert ohne Reibung und ohne Berücksichtigung des Schaltstiftsdurchmessers;
- Figur 11
- die Momentenkennlinie beim Öffnen und Schließen des Ausführungsbeispiels der Figuren 1 bis 5, bei einem Wirkungsgrad von 100 %;
- Fig. 12 - 33
- Nockenschließer:
Ausführungsbeispiel eines Nockentürschließers mit schaltbarem Öffnungsnocken und Schließnocken mit Einbau-Anordnung wie in Figur 33 dargestellt. - Figur 12
- Untersicht des Öffnungsnockens;
- Figur 13
- Querschnitt durch den Öffnungsnocken;
- Figur 14
- Untersicht des Schließnockens;
- Figur 15
- Querschnitt durch den Schließnocken;
- Figur 16
- Untersicht des in den Öffnungsnocken eingelegten Schließnokkens;
- Figur 17
- Querschnitt durch Öffnungs- und Schließnocken;
- Figur 18
- Zusammenwirken von Öffnungs- und Schließnocken mit der Druckrolle bei geschlossener Tür (Untersicht);
- Figur 19
- Zusammenwirken von Öffnungs- und Schließnocken mit der Druckrolle bei um 50° geöffneter Tür (Untersicht);
- Figur 20
- Zusammenwirken von Öffnungs- und Schließnocken mit der Druckrolle beim Schließvorgang (Untersicht);
- Figur 21
- Untersicht des Schenkelfedermechanismus bei geschlossener Tür;
- Figur 22
- Untersicht des Schenkelfedermechanismus beim Öffnen der Tür, Öffnungswinkel < 50°;
- Figur 23
- Position des Schaltbolzens bei geschlossener Tür;
- Figur 24
- Position des Schaltbolzens beim Öffnen der Tür, Öffnungswinkel < 50°;
- Figur 25
- Umschalten des Schaltbolzens beim Öffnen der Tür, Öffnungswinkel = 50°;
- Figur 26
- Position des Schaltbolzens beim Schließen der Tür;
- Figur 27
- Explosionszeichnung des Schaltmechanismus;
- Figur 28
- Querschnitt durch den Schaltmechanismus;
- Figur 29
- Querschnitt durch den Schaltmechanismus bei geschlossener Tür;
- Figur 30
- Querschnitt durch den Schaltmechanismus beim Öffnen der Tür, Öffnungswinkel < 50°;
- Figur 31
- Querschnitt durch den Schaltmechanismus beim Öffnen der Tür, Öffnungswinkel = 50°;
- Figur 32
- Querschnitt durch den Schaltmechanismus beim Schließen der Tür;
- Figur 33
- Anordnung des Öffnungs- und Schließnockens sowie des Schaltmechanismus in einem Türschließer;
- Figur 34
- Schnitt durch den Schaltmechanismus entlang XXXIV in Figur 33 (Untersicht);
- Figur 35
- Untersicht auf die Schenkelfeder, Schnitt entlang XXXV in Figur 33 (Untersicht);
- Fig.36 - 42
- Nockenschließer:
Abgewandeltes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Nockentürschließers mit schaltbarem Öffnungs- und Schließnocken mit Einbau-Anordnung wie in Figur 36 dargestellt; - Figur 36
- Querschnitt durch den Nockenschließer im Bereich des Öfffnungs- und Schließnockens mit neuartigem Schaltmechanismus (Seitenansicht);
- Figur 37
- Schnitt durch den Nockenschließer nach Figur 36 (Untersicht), Tür geschlossen;
- Figur 38
- Schnitt durch den Nockenschließer nach Figur 36 (Untersicht), Tür 10° geöffnet;
- Figur 39
- Schnitt durch den Nockenschließer nach Figur 36 (Untersicht), Schaltvorgang bei ca. 57° Türöffnung;
- Figur 40
- Schnitt durch den Nockenschließer nach Figur 36 (Untersicht), Stellung beim Schließen der Tür, Öffnungswinkel ca. 30°;
- Figur 41
- Schnitt durch den Nockenschließer nach Figur 36 (Untersicht), Stellung beim Schließen der Tür, Öffnungswinkel ca. 4°;
- Figur 42
- Schnitt durch den Nockenschließer nach Figur 36 (Untersicht), Stellung beim Schließen der Tür, Öffnungswinkel ca. 1,8°.
Claims (21)
- Antrieb für einen vorzugsweise drehbar gelagerten Flügel einer Tür, eines Fensters oder dergleichen, vorzugsweise Türschließer,mit einem Energiespeicher (3, 14, 80, 90) zum selbsttätigen Schließen des Flügels,wobei der Energiespeicher bei manuellem Öffnen des Flügels geladen wird und beim Schließen den Flügel selbsttätig antreibt,wobei die Kennlinie des in Abhängigkeit vom Flügelweg bzw. Flügeldrehwinkel auf den Flügel einwirkenden Moments beim Öffnen anders verläuft als beim Schließen,daß der Energiespeicher (3, 14) mit einer Steuerkurve (6, 7, 8, 16, 17) zusammenwirkt und die Steuerkurve separate Kurvenabschnitte zum Öffnen und Schließen aufweist, welche in und außer Wirkung schaltbar sind; und/oderdaß der Energiespeicher (80, 90) mit einem Kolbenzylinder-System (81, 82, 91, 92) zusammenwirkt, welches unterschiedlichen Wirkquerschnitt bei verschiedenen Türdrehwinkeln und zwar unterschiedlichen Wirkquerschnitt beim Öffnen und Schließen aufweist.
- Antrieb nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Steuereinrichtung (9, 19, 25) zum Umschalten der Momentenkennlinie bei einem Türdrehwinkel vorgesehen ist.
- Antrieb nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Energiespeicher als mechanische Schließerfeder (3, 14) oder als pneumatischer oder hydraulischer Druckspeicher (80, 90) ausgebildet ist.
- Antrieb nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kurvenabschnitte (6, 7, 8, 16, 17) beim Öffnen bzw. Schließen automatisch gesteuert, vorzugsweise zwangsweise geschaltet werden, z. B. freigegeben oder gesperrt werden.
- Antrieb nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuerkurve an einer Kurvenscheibe (16, 17) ausgebildet ist und mittelbar oder unmittelbar mit dem Energiespeicher (14) zusammenwirkt, z. B. ein Druckstück zwischengeschaltet ist.
- Antrieb nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Steuerkurve als Steuerschlitz (6, 7, 8) oder Steuerausnehmung, z. B. in einer Hülse (5, 4) oder dergleichen ausgebildet ist und mittelbar oder unmittelbar mit dem Energiespeicher (3) zusammenwirkt, z. B. über einen darin eingreifenden Führungsstift.
- Antrieb nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hülse (5) mit einer konzentrisch angeordneten Schalthülse (4) zusammenwirkt.
- Antrieb nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hülse (5) und die Schalthülse (4) miteinander zusammenwirkende Steuerkurven (6, 7, 8) aufweisen, welche vorzugsweise durch Überlagerung miteinander zusammenwirken.
- Antrieb nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine erste Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit (81, 91) vorgesehen ist, die beim Öffnen aktiv ist, und eine zweite Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit (82, 92) vorgesehen ist, die beim Schließen aktiv ist.
- Antrieb nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die erste Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit (81, 91) beim Öffnen des Flügels den Energiespeicher (80, 90) lädt und die zweite Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit (82, 92) beim Schließen den Energiespeicher (80, 90) entlädt.
- Antrieb nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Druckspeicher (80, 90) durch wiederholtes Öffnen des Flügels vollständig gefüllt wird.
- Antrieb nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, insbesondere nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuerkurve zum Öffnen auf einem ersten Nocken, Öffnungsnocken (16) und die Steuerkurve zum Schließen auf einem zweiten Nocken, Schließnocken (17) angeordnet ist.
- Antrieb nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schließnocken (17) relativ zum Öffnungsnocken (16) in Abhängigkeit vom Türwinkel, vorzugsweise in bestimmten Stellungen der Tür und vorzugsweise unter Rückbewegung bewegbar, insbesondere verdrehbar ist, wobei vorzugsweise vorgesehen ist, daß der Öffnungsnocken (16) drehfest mit der Abtriebswelle (18) und der Schließnocken (17) drehbar zur Abtriebswelle (18) gelagert ist oder umgekehrt.
- Antrieb nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Relativbewegung von Öffnungsnocken (16) und Schließnocken (17) türwinkelabhängig steuerbar ist, vorzugsweise durch eine zwischen dem Öffnungsnocken (16) und dem Schließnocken (17) geschaltete Feder (27) und/oder durch den Energiespeicher, z. B. Schließerfeder, oder durch ein von dem Energiespeicher, z. B. Schließerfeder bestätigtes Bauteil, insbesondere Druckrolle (19).
- Antrieb nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Öffnungnocken (16) und der Schließnocken (17) über eine Feder (27) verbunden sind, die bei der Relativbewegung der beiden Nocken gespannt bzw. entspannt wird.
- Antrieb nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Schaltelement, z. B. Schaltbolzen (25, 35) vorgesehen ist, das in einer ersten Schaltstellung den Öffnungsnocken (16) und den Schließnocken (17) form- und/oder kraftschlüssig miteinander koppelt und in einer zweiten Schaltstellung den Öffnungsnocken (16) und den Schließnocken (17) nicht miteinander koppelt, wobei vorzugsweise vorgesehen ist, daß das Schaltelement bzw. der Schaltbolzen (25, 35) in der ersten Schaltstellung in den Öffnungsnocken (16) und den Schließnocken (17) eingreift und in der zweiten Schaltstellung nur in den Öffnungsnocken (16) oder nur in den Schließnocken (17) eingreift.
- Antrieb nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Schaltelement, bzw. der Schaltbolzen (25, 35) in bestimmten Stellungen der Tür zwischen dem Öffnungsnocken (16) und dem Schließnocken (17) verspannbar ist und so relativ zum Öffnungsnocken (16) und Schließnocken (17) gehalten wird.
- Antrieb nach Anspruch 16 oder 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuerung des Schaltelements bzw. des Schaltbolzens (25, 35) in Abhängigkeit von der Tür, z.B. vom Öffnungswinkel der Tür zwangsweise erfolgt, z. B. durch einen federbelasteten Mechanismus, der vorzugsweise unmittelbar oder mittelbar durch ein vom Energiespeicher bzw. von der Schließerfeder beaufschlagtes Bauteil, z. B. Druckrolle (19) steuerbar ist.
- Antrieb nach Anspruch 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der federbelastete Mechanismus (32, 34) im Öffnungsnocken (16) und/oder im Schließnocken (17) abgestützt ist, vorzugsweise mit einer im Öffnungsnocken (16) bzw. Schließnocken (17) abgestützten Feder (32, 34) und/oder daß der federbelastete Mechanismus im Antriebsgehäuse (49) abgestützt ist, vorzugsweise mit einer in einer gehäusefesten Kurvenbahn geführten Feder (42, 43, 45).
- Antrieb nach einem der Ansprüche 16 bis 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bewegung des Schaltelements bzw. des Schaltbolzens (35) translatorisch erfolgt und/oder daß die Bewegung des Schaltelements bzw. Schaltbolzens (35) rotatorisch erfolgt.
- Antrieb nach einem der Ansprüche 12 bis 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das automatische Umschalten zwischen dem Öffnungsnocken (16) und dem Schließnocken (17) bei einem bestimmten Türöffnungswinkel durch die Nockenform bzw. die Form der Steuerkurve bedingt erfolgt.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
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DE4438450 | 1994-10-28 | ||
DE4438450 | 1994-10-28 | ||
DE4438505 | 1994-10-29 | ||
DE4438505 | 1994-10-29 |
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EP0709536A1 EP0709536A1 (de) | 1996-05-01 |
EP0709536B1 true EP0709536B1 (de) | 2001-07-11 |
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EP (1) | EP0709536B1 (de) |
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DE102007002651B4 (de) * | 2007-01-12 | 2015-04-30 | Dorma Deutschland Gmbh | Türschließer |
DE202015006151U1 (de) | 2015-09-02 | 2016-12-07 | Gretsch-Unitas GmbH Baubeschläge | Schließvorrichtung zum Schließen eines Türflügels |
CN107630616A (zh) * | 2017-09-14 | 2018-01-26 | 天津思耐德精密机械有限公司 | 一种阻尼装置 |
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DE2755787A1 (de) | 1977-12-14 | 1979-06-21 | Gartner & Co J | Universaltuerschliesser |
US4486917A (en) | 1982-02-12 | 1984-12-11 | National Manufacturing Co. | Door closer with a compressible braking sleeve |
-
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- 1995-10-28 EP EP95117035A patent/EP0709536B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-10-28 DE DE19540266A patent/DE19540266A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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ATE203087T1 (de) | 2001-07-15 |
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