EP0693562B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung von profiliertem Walzgut - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung von profiliertem Walzgut Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0693562B1
EP0693562B1 EP95890136A EP95890136A EP0693562B1 EP 0693562 B1 EP0693562 B1 EP 0693562B1 EP 95890136 A EP95890136 A EP 95890136A EP 95890136 A EP95890136 A EP 95890136A EP 0693562 B1 EP0693562 B1 EP 0693562B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling
rolled stock
intensity
increased
area
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95890136A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0693562A1 (de
Inventor
Georg Dipl.-Ing. Prskawetz
Peter Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Pointner
Alfred Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Moser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voestalpine Rail Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Voestalpine Schienen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Voestalpine Schienen GmbH filed Critical Voestalpine Schienen GmbH
Publication of EP0693562A1 publication Critical patent/EP0693562A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0693562B1 publication Critical patent/EP0693562B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/63—Quenching devices for bath quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/04—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rails
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/009—Pearlite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
    • C21D2221/02—Edge parts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to methods for the heat treatment of profiled Rolled stock, in particular of running or railroad tracks, with increased Heat dissipation of parts of the profile surface when cooling from the Gamma area of the iron base material, where in (the) desired Cross-sectional area (s), especially in the head area of rails, a Conversion into a fine pearlitic structure with increased strength, in particular increased abrasion resistance and increased heat and optionally a Deformation or bending due to thermal distortion of the rolling stock, especially the rail, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis when cooling Room temperature, especially after a structural change in the (in) intensified cooled cross-sectional area (s), reduced, preferably substantially avoided and increased rigidity and flexural fatigue strength of the rolling stock can be achieved.
  • the invention further relates to a device for the heat treatment of profiled rolling stock, in particular driving or railroad tracks, consisting of essentially from at least one supply area for the rolling stock on Roller table, with a rolling stock positioning device, a cooling treatment area, with facilities for partial heat dissipation with high intensity from the Surface of the rolling stock and a final cooling area for cooling the rolling stock to room temperature as well as storage, cross transport, holding and manipulation means.
  • the invention is concerned with a profiled rolling stock, in particular a driving or railroad track consisting of a rail head with at least partially pearlitic structure, a rail foot and a bridge between the rail head and the rail foot.
  • Profiled rolling stock in particular driving or railroad tracks, is or are mostly made of iron-based alloys with a content in% by weight of C 0.4 to 1.0, Si 0.1 to 1.2, Mn 0.5 to 3.5, optionally Cr to 1.5 and others Alloy elements with concentrations below 1%, balance iron and manufacturing-related impurities. Because of the usual Dimensions, e.g. with a weight of 30 to 100 kg / m, and the result The resulting ratio of the cross-section to the circumference of the rails is at a Cooling of the rolling stock from the forming heat in still air, e.g.
  • the slow cooling because of a conversion of the Microstructure from an austenitic to a ferrite which may have ferrite fractions rough pearlitic structure.
  • the materials mentioned above with the above structure have a hardness in the range from 250 HB to 350 HB.
  • rails should be in the field, e.g. for the formation of bumpless route or Multiple lengths, be easy to weld, so that alloying measures to increase the hardness or strength and toughness of the material Welding problems due to mostly only feasible to a small extent and with one heat treatment tailored to the composition of the steel are expedient (DE-C 3 446 794, EP-B-0187904. EP-B-0186373). Also from Such processes have not become economically viable on a larger scale proven.
  • the invention seeks to remedy the problem and aims to eliminate the Disadvantages of the known types of manufacture specify a new method with which profiled rolling stock with particularly advantageous usage properties can be produced. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention, in particular a device to provide for carrying out the method and a rolling stock, in particular a rail to train for the highest demands.
  • the goal is achieved in a generic method in that the rolling stock with an average temperature of at most 1100 ° C, but at least of 750 ° C, in the longitudinal direction with plastic shaping straight, is brought in an aligned state in the transverse direction and held, and in a first step of cooling the rolling stock, balancing it to a temperature of below 860 ° C, to a lowest temperature of 5 to 120 ° C above the Ar 3 temperature of the alloy with the same local cooling intensity, essentially by radiation in still air is allowed to cool, whereupon in a second step of cooling for a structural transformation into a martensite-free, fine pearlitic structure, heat is extracted from the rolling stock in the longitudinal direction with locally essentially the same, seen in cross-section with widely varying intensity, and the cooling intensity in at least one zone on the circumference of the profile ized rolling stock is enlarged, the greater cooling intensity (ies) being assigned to the area (s) with a high volume fraction based on the surface or with a high mass concentration and / or those with a locally
  • the rolling stock is aligned in a plastic shape and that this is done in a temperature range between 750 ° C and 1100 ° C. Temperatures lower than 750 ° C, as has been found, can lead to a partially elastic bend with deviations from a straight orientation and consequently to inhomogeneous cooling intensity in the longitudinal direction of the rail. Rolled material temperatures of over 1100 ° C usually cause the austenite grains to grow or form coarse grains, which can ultimately adversely affect the material properties.
  • This compensatory cooling is carried out to a temperature of 5 ° C to 120 ° C above the Ar 3 temperature of the alloy in order to create favorable conditions for a partial transformation of the structure into a fine pearlitic structural shape in parts of the cross section.
  • the Ar 3 temperature is the temperature at which a conversion of the gamma lattice into the alpha lattice of the alloy occurs at a cooling rate of 3 ° C / min. begins.
  • a cooling of the rolling stock with an intensity of the heat removal which is essentially the same in the longitudinal direction and seen in cross-section with a circumferentially different extent is known per se. However, it is important to assign the areas with increased cooling intensity of the surface to the mass concentration of the rolling stock.
  • a compensating cooling and setting of a symmetrical temperature distribution and an assignment of the cooling areas a cooling speed different over the cross-sectional areas in the longitudinal direction of the rolling stock can be kept essentially the same. It is important to adjust the size of the cooling rate with which the intended area of the rolling stock is brought to the transition temperature by measures known per se.
  • the heat treatment after a hot deformation of the rolling stock with a degree of deformation of 1.8 to 8% in the last pass is carried out at a temperature of at least 750 ° C. and at most 1050 ° C. from the hot forming heat.
  • a final deformation with a degree of deformation or a reduction in cross-sectional area of 1.8 to 8% brings about a favorable austenite grain refinement if the deformation takes place in a temperature range from 770 ° C to 1050 ° C.
  • the part of the rolling stock which has the highest mass concentration is preferred has, optionally the head of the rail, cooled in the immersion process, At the same time, this is also intended for increased cooling Rolled part (s), with lower mass concentration by means with lower Cooling intensity heat is extracted.
  • the size of the cooling intensity, especially the Composition of the cooling liquid for immersion cooling set in this way is that in the temperature range of 800 ° C to 450 ° C a cooling of the zone near the surface of the immersed part, essentially with 1.6 to 2.4 ° C / sec.
  • This cooling rate is also economical Reasons preferred because when a desired quality of the Rolled product requires a short cooling time in the second step and thus a high throughput can be achieved.
  • the zone opposite the web is cooled with increased intensity. It has been in the sense of improvement the long-term properties were found to be particularly favorable if the Surface zone opposite the web with increased cooling intensity in the is essentially symmetrical to the web axis and laterally limited.
  • Particular dimensional stability can be achieved if the cooling intensity on the surface of the profiled rolling stock, in particular the rail, is set in such a way that the zones in which the conversion of the gamma structure takes place during cooling are essentially parallel symmetrical and / or parallel to neutral plane, and / or concentrically to the center of gravity or to the center of gravity of the cross-sectional area.
  • the rolling stock of which a part, based on the cross section, is immersed in a cooling liquid in a plunge pool, during the cooling in the longitudinal direction relative to the cooling liquid container or immersion tank and / or that at least in the time in which part of the rolling stock is immersed in the cooling liquid, this is subjected to an oscillation.
  • a device of the type mentioned at the outset for an integral solution to the problems in the production of profiled profiles with special properties Rolled stock is characterized according to the invention in that the roller table in Provision area a rolling stock positioning known per se and means for Axial alignment of the profiled rolling stock with plastic Has the same shape, a transverse transport device for a Alignment of the rolling stock substantially perpendicular to it Axis from the staging area to the cooling treatment area, in which area a device known per se for hardening a Rolled goods using coolant in a plunge pool with holding and Manipulation devices and a controllable additional cooling device for one intensified cooling of at least one further area of the rolling stock are arranged and the final cooling area a tray for the rolling stock for cooling the same to room temperature.
  • a Axially aligned transfer of the profiled rolling stock into a cooling area through a straight-line transverse transport is to avoid a Communication device of great importance.
  • a manipulation device is provided with which a takeover and a Hold, immersion in a coolant pool or hardening of parts of the rolling stock and a transfer to a final cooling area can be carried out. It can be used for intensified cooling of other cross-sectional areas at least one additional cooling device can be provided.
  • the additional cooling device is on the rolling stock can be adjusted and its cooling intensity can be regulated, and thus another local heat dissipation can be set according to the procedure.
  • An embodiment is also advantageous in which the additional cooling device Parts to form a local in longitudinal or Axis direction of the rolling stock in substantially uninterrupted, transversely limited coolant flow possesses and, if necessary, means for preventing an increased Has heat removal of the surface (s) adjacent to the cooled surface.
  • This makes it possible to form clearly defined cooling zones and next to them to exclude lying areas from intensified heat extraction or in this to form a lower material hardness, with another Embodiment corresponding to the additional cooling device as a pressure run or Spray cooling is formed.
  • the homogeneity of hardness and strength values in the longitudinal direction of the profiled Rolled stock can be further increased if the rolled stock is in the coolant in the longitudinal axis direction relative to the plunge pool and / or relative to Additional cooling device is movable and / or when at the plunge pool and / or in the cooling liquid itself are arranged by means of which the Coolant can be moved turbulently and / or vibrated. It it was found that relative movements and also oscillatory movements or Pressure waves between the cooling medium and the workpiece the local cooling intensity create equal and advantageous remuneration conditions.
  • a rail manufactured by a previously mentioned method, if necessary produced in a device described above has a cross section in the upper Area of the head high material strength values and hardness, which values in lower head area in the bridge and in the peripheral parts of the foot lowered are.
  • In the central area on the base of the foot compared to the peripheral area Parts and the web may have increased hardness values of the material and achieved particularly uniform quality characteristics, being symmetrical to Main axis of the cross-sectional profile or symmetrical to the vertical axis of the Rail cross-section are set substantially the same material hardness values.
  • Such a rail shows even under heavy loads such as high Axle loads and / or high frequency of use and / or low curve radii Range improved utility properties.
  • a Roller table 21 a profiled rolling stock like a rail through for example retractable buffers or the like (not shown) positioned.
  • the rail 1 is then aligned in a straight line, one centering form of the straightening means, which also corrects a vertical curvature, is advantageous.
  • the rolling stock 1 is transversely transported via a storage in a cooling area B and a recording in one Manipulation device with holding means 24, wherein a support at a Shipment is to be provided in such a way that no bending transversely to the longitudinal axis he follows.
  • the rolling stock or the rail 1 is by means of Holding means 24 in a cooling liquid 37, which is in a plunge pool 38 located, partially introduced. It is important that the distance of the surface the rail 1 to the wall of the plunge pool over the length on both sides the same is large, also for intensification and in particular for equalization a cooling intensity of a rolling stock surface advantageously the rolling stock 1 in the plunge pool 38 or in the cooling medium 37 in the longitudinal direction to an extent of for example 0.5 to 5 m can be movable.
  • the cooling medium 37 or on Plunge pools can also be attached to vibration generators (not shown) be used, which the cooling medium in a the cooling intensity advantageous influencing vibration with a frequency of, for example, 100 to 800 / min move.
  • a such additional cooling device can be a water 32 and an air 33 supply have and one on a surface part of a rolling stock or the foot of the Train directed spray stream 31.
  • a rail 1 according to the invention has three areas with different structure or hardness, the transitions are continuously trained.
  • the rail head 11 is a fine pearlitic zone 111 with hardness values between 340 and 390 HB, possibly up to 425 HB, given which down into a zone 112 of lower hardness, for example from 300 to 340 HB.
  • Hardness values are accordingly 280 set up to 320 HB.
  • the rail base 13 is in the peripheral areas 132 as in the web 12 a pearlitic structure with a coarser structure or lamella formation and a hardness of 280 to 320 HB. Through this structure and the material properties with the low hardness values becomes a crack or Break initiation largely avoided.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
EP95890136A 1994-07-19 1995-07-13 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung von profiliertem Walzgut Expired - Lifetime EP0693562B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT1431/94 1994-07-19
AT0143194A AT402941B (de) 1994-07-19 1994-07-19 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur wärmebehandlung von profiliertem walzgut
AT143194 1994-07-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0693562A1 EP0693562A1 (de) 1996-01-24
EP0693562B1 true EP0693562B1 (de) 2000-03-29

Family

ID=3513759

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95890136A Expired - Lifetime EP0693562B1 (de) 1994-07-19 1995-07-13 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung von profiliertem Walzgut

Country Status (19)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0693562B1 (es)
JP (1) JP3811865B2 (es)
KR (1) KR100372402B1 (es)
CN (1) CN1045214C (es)
AT (2) AT402941B (es)
AU (1) AU702091B2 (es)
BR (1) BR9503367A (es)
CA (1) CA2154090C (es)
CZ (1) CZ290866B6 (es)
DE (1) DE59508080D1 (es)
ES (1) ES2145247T3 (es)
HR (1) HRP950386B1 (es)
HU (1) HU218230B (es)
PL (1) PL178079B1 (es)
RU (1) RU2101369C1 (es)
SI (1) SI9500230B (es)
SK (1) SK282161B6 (es)
TW (1) TW300920B (es)
UA (1) UA34469C2 (es)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT407057B (de) * 1996-12-19 2000-12-27 Voest Alpine Schienen Gmbh Profiliertes walzgut und verfahren zu dessen herstellung
AT409268B (de) * 2000-05-29 2002-07-25 Voest Alpine Schienen Gmbh & C Verfahren und einrichtung zum härten von schienen
DE10148305A1 (de) * 2001-09-29 2003-04-24 Sms Meer Gmbh Verfahren und Anlage zur thermischen Behandlung von Schienen
CN1906314B (zh) 2004-01-09 2011-05-04 新日本制铁株式会社 钢轨制造方法
JP5169030B2 (ja) * 2007-06-08 2013-03-27 日産自動車株式会社 焼入れ方法および焼入れ装置
AT505930B1 (de) * 2008-02-04 2009-05-15 Voestalpine Schienen Gmbh Einrichtung zum härten von schienen
WO2009107639A1 (ja) 2008-02-27 2009-09-03 新日本製鐵株式会社 圧延鋼材の冷却装置および冷却方法
DE102012020844A1 (de) * 2012-10-24 2014-04-24 Thyssenkrupp Gft Gleistechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur thermomechanischen Behandlung von warmgewalzten Profilen
JP6137093B2 (ja) * 2014-09-18 2017-05-31 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 レールの冷却方法および冷却設備
CN113557312B (zh) 2019-03-15 2023-04-04 日本制铁株式会社 钢轨

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2087346A (en) * 1930-08-21 1937-07-20 United States Steel Corp Method of producing steel rails
FR2109121A5 (es) 1970-10-02 1972-05-26 Wendel Sidelor
DE2439338C2 (de) * 1974-08-16 1980-08-28 Fried. Krupp, Huettenwerke Ag, 4630 Bochum Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung von Schienen aus der Walzhitze
BE854834A (fr) * 1977-05-18 1977-09-16 Centre Rech Metallurgique Procede de fabrication de rails a caracteristiques ameliorees
DE3006695C2 (de) 1980-02-22 1988-12-01 Klöckner-Werke AG, 4100 Duisburg Verfahren zum Wärmebehandeln von Schienen
US4486248A (en) * 1982-08-05 1984-12-04 The Algoma Steel Corporation Limited Method for the production of improved railway rails by accelerated cooling in line with the production rolling mill
LU84417A1 (fr) * 1982-10-11 1984-05-10 Centre Rech Metallurgique Procede perfectionne pour la fabrication de rails et rails obtenus par ce procede
DE3446794C1 (de) 1984-12-21 1986-01-02 BWG Butzbacher Weichenbau GmbH, 6308 Butzbach Verfahren zur Waermebehandlung perlitischer Schienenstaehle
DE3579681D1 (de) * 1984-12-24 1990-10-18 Nippon Steel Corp Verfahren und vorrichtung zum waermebehandeln von schienen.
US4886558A (en) * 1987-05-28 1989-12-12 Nkk Corporation Method for heat-treating steel rail head
US4895605A (en) * 1988-08-19 1990-01-23 Algoma Steel Corporation Method for the manufacture of hardened railroad rails
DE4003363C1 (en) * 1990-02-05 1991-03-28 Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Ges.M.B.H., Linz, At Hardening rails from rolling temp. - using appts. with manipulator engaging rail from exit roller table with support arms positioned pivotably on each side
AT399346B (de) 1992-07-15 1995-04-25 Voest Alpine Schienen Gmbh Verfahren zum w[rmebehandeln von schienen
DE4237991A1 (de) 1992-11-11 1994-05-19 Schloemann Siemag Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Abkühlung von warmgewalzten Profilen insbesondere von Schienen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HUT72292A (en) 1996-04-29
ES2145247T3 (es) 2000-07-01
CZ290866B6 (cs) 2002-11-13
PL309657A1 (en) 1996-01-22
ATA143194A (de) 1997-02-15
DE59508080D1 (de) 2000-05-04
ATE191241T1 (de) 2000-04-15
SI9500230B (en) 2001-12-31
TW300920B (es) 1997-03-21
CN1045214C (zh) 1999-09-22
HRP950386A2 (en) 1997-04-30
CA2154090A1 (en) 1996-01-20
AT402941B (de) 1997-09-25
KR100372402B1 (ko) 2003-05-09
CN1123331A (zh) 1996-05-29
BR9503367A (pt) 1996-09-10
JPH08170120A (ja) 1996-07-02
AU702091B2 (en) 1999-02-11
CA2154090C (en) 2005-01-11
SK282161B6 (sk) 2001-11-06
HRP950386B1 (en) 2000-02-29
RU2101369C1 (ru) 1998-01-10
CZ186195A3 (en) 1996-02-14
PL178079B1 (pl) 2000-02-29
JP3811865B2 (ja) 2006-08-23
AU2334995A (en) 1996-02-01
HU9502162D0 (en) 1995-09-28
SI9500230A (en) 1997-02-28
HU218230B (hu) 2000-06-28
EP0693562A1 (de) 1996-01-24
UA34469C2 (uk) 2001-03-15
SK90195A3 (en) 1996-03-06

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