EP0685583A1 - Textiles Substrat für Sitzbezüge - Google Patents

Textiles Substrat für Sitzbezüge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0685583A1
EP0685583A1 EP95106420A EP95106420A EP0685583A1 EP 0685583 A1 EP0685583 A1 EP 0685583A1 EP 95106420 A EP95106420 A EP 95106420A EP 95106420 A EP95106420 A EP 95106420A EP 0685583 A1 EP0685583 A1 EP 0685583A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
textile substrate
ramie
substrate according
wool
weight
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EP95106420A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0685583B1 (de
Inventor
Albin Kälin
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Gessner Holding AG
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Rohner Textil AG
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/208—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based
    • D03D15/217—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads cellulose-based natural from plants, e.g. cotton
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/233—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads protein-based, e.g. wool or silk
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/56—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads elastic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
    • D10B2101/20—Metallic fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/02—Cotton
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/04—Linen
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/08—Ramie
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2211/00—Protein-based fibres, e.g. animal fibres
    • D10B2211/01—Natural animal fibres, e.g. keratin fibres
    • D10B2211/02—Wool
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
    • D10B2321/022—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polypropylene
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/10—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/02—Moisture-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/022—Moisture-responsive characteristics hydrophylic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/061—Load-responsive characteristics elastic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/16—Physical properties antistatic; conductive
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial
    • D10B2505/08—Upholstery, mattresses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3008—Woven fabric has an elastic quality
    • Y10T442/3024—Including elastic strand or strip
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3179—Woven fabric is characterized by a particular or differential weave other than fabric in which the strand denier or warp/weft pick count is specified
    • Y10T442/322—Warp differs from weft
    • Y10T442/3228—Materials differ
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3179—Woven fabric is characterized by a particular or differential weave other than fabric in which the strand denier or warp/weft pick count is specified
    • Y10T442/322—Warp differs from weft
    • Y10T442/3228—Materials differ
    • Y10T442/3236—Including inorganic strand material
    • Y10T442/3244—Including natural strand material [e.g., cotton, wool, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3179—Woven fabric is characterized by a particular or differential weave other than fabric in which the strand denier or warp/weft pick count is specified
    • Y10T442/322—Warp differs from weft
    • Y10T442/3228—Materials differ
    • Y10T442/326—Including synthetic polymeric strand material
    • Y10T442/3268—Including natural strand material

Definitions

  • a generic textile substrate is known (EP-A-0 356 708) in which the proportion of natural fibers, in particular wool and ramie, is between 65 and 85% by weight.
  • Such substrates are distinguished by their excellent ability to absorb and discharge water vapor and water, which makes them particularly suitable for seat covers, in particular covers for long periods of uninterrupted seating such as car and airplane seats, wheelchairs, office chairs, etc., because of the good moisture dissipation
  • the fabric surface prevents the seat cover from feeling damp and the seating comfort from suffering.
  • EP-A-0 455 848 discloses generic textile substrates in which the proportion of synthetic fibers is between 45 and 65% by weight and which in particular contain at least 40% by weight of wool and at least 5% by weight of ramie. In addition, they contain at least 35% by weight of natural fibers, normally more, which means that they even better meet a requirement that is very topical today, namely that of good color design options.
  • Ramie water is able to transport long distances is probably due to the fact that the Ramie fibers are only recently known. They form tubes with longitudinal grooves on the inside. This creates a strong capillary action, which, it seems, is responsible for the long-distance transport of water.
  • the discovery of the ability of the Ramie fiber to drain water over long distances forms the basis for a surprisingly simple solution to the task of making a textile substrate available for seat covers which is not only extremely comfortable, since it always feels dry even after long uninterrupted use under difficult conditions such as high temperatures and high humidity, but also has very little pollution, in particular is easy to dispose of and under suitable conditions with at most minimal residues in need of disposal rotted.
  • Substrates according to the invention can generally be composted by crushing them and then piling them up and storing them with sufficient moisture and temperature.
  • the substrate according to the invention consists of at least 40% by weight of wool and at least 15% by weight of gummed ramie, the sum of the proportions of wool and ramie making up more than 85% by weight. Otherwise, it preferably consists exclusively of substances that rot, so that it can be composted without restriction. Even under these conditions, it can be equipped to meet a wide range of requirements. For example, to prevent static charge, it may contain metal fibers or wire, preferably not more than 5% by weight. If they are selected accordingly, they oxidize under suitable conditions and thus rot together with the other constituents. The use of elastic fibers is also quite possible, since their share if they do not rot like e.g. B.
  • Lycra® registered trademark of Du Pont de Nemours
  • Elastic fibers can e.g. B. be incorporated into the substrate by individual threads made entirely of such material or a yarn consisting essentially of ramie, for example in the weft of a fabric, is twisted with elastic fibers.
  • synthetic fibers such as polyester, polypropylene, polyamide, polyacrylic or aramid are not particularly disturbing in small proportions, they are preferably dispensed with in the interests of unlimited compostability, so that all fibers used - apart from the possible admixture of metal fibers - are of animal or vegetable origin.
  • z. B cotton, linen, rayon and hemp.
  • the substrate contains a mixed yarn with wool and ramie, preferably one that consists of approximately 80% by weight wool and 20% by weight ramie. If it is a fabric, the warp or the weft can consist of such a mixed yarn, the weft or the warp, on the other hand, be made of a different material, e.g. B. from pure ramie. With such and other substrates, it has proven possible and even inexpensive to use only wool and ramie and to dispense with other admixtures entirely if they are not necessary because of special requirements.
  • Suitable Ramie fibers are e.g. B. under the name Firon® from Fischer Dottikon AG, CH-5606 Dottikon. Overall, this gives a wool content of 52% by weight and ramie of 48% by weight. Of course, other compositions are also possible as described above.
  • Figures 2 and 3 show further typical substrates, Figure 2 weft rustle and Figure 3 Malimo, which can also be composed in one of the ways described above.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Nitrogen And Oxygen As The Only Ring Hetero Atoms (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)

Abstract

Ein textiles Substrat für Sitzbezüge, ein Gewebe, Gewirk oder Gestrick, insbesondere Raschel oder Malimo, enthält mindestens 40 Gew.-% Wolle und mindestens 15 Gew.-% Ramie, stets aber von beiden zusammen mehr als 85 Gew.-%. Das Substrat kann ausschliesslich aus Wolle und Ramie bestehen, kann aber auch weitere Bestandteile enthalten, vorzugsweise tierischer oder pflanzlicher Herkunft wie Baumwolle, Leinen, Hanf oder auch Naturkautschuk. Zur Erzielung antistatischer Eigenschaften können Metallfäden eingearbeitet sein. Kleinere Anteile an Kunstfasern wie z. B. Polyester sind auch möglich. Das Substrat kann z. B. als Gewebe ausgebildet sein, das in der Kette ein Mischgarn (1) aus 80 Gew.-% Wolle und 20 Gew.-% Ramie und im Schuss Ramiefäden (2) aufweist. Textile Substrate der beschriebenen Art bieten wegen ihrer hervorragenden Wasseraufnahme und -transporteigenschaften hohen Komfort als Sitzbezüge vor allem auch an Sitzen, die oft lange Zeit ohne Unterbrechung benützt werden wie Rollstühle, Sitze in Autos und Bussen, in der Bahn und im Flugzeug sowie Bürostühle. Wegen ihrer Zusammensetzung sind die Stoffe ausserdem in sehr umweltschonender Weise entsorgbar, da sie zerkleinert bei genügend hoher Feuchtigkeit und Temperatur weitgehend oder - vor allem, wenn sie ausschliesslich aus Naturfaser bestehen - vollständig verrotten und somit kompostierbar sind. <IMAGE>

Description

  • Es ist ein gattungsgemässes textiles Substrat bekannt (EP-A-0 356 708), bei welchem der Anteil an natürlichen Fasern, insbesonder Wolle und Ramie, zwischen 65 und 85 Gew.-% liegt. Derartige Substrate zeichnen sich durch hervorragende Fähigkeit zur Aufnahme und Ableitung von Wasserdampf und Wasser aus, wodurch sie sich besonders für Sitzbezüge, insbesondere Bezüge auf lange ohne Unterbrechung benützten Sitzgelegenheiten wie Auto- und Flugzeugsitzen, Rollstühlen, Bürostühlen etc. eignen, da durch die gute Feuchtigkeitsableitung von der Gewebeoberfläche verhindert wird, dass sich der Sitzbezug feucht anfühlt und der Sitzkomfort leidet.
  • Aus der EP-A-0 455 848 sind gattungsgemässe textile Substrate bekannt, bei welchen der Anteil synthetischer Fasern zwischen 45 und 65 Gew.-% liegt und die insbesondere mindestens 40 Gew.-% Wolle und mindestens 5 Gew.-% Ramie enthalten. Im übrigen enthalten sie mindestens 35 Gew.-% natürlicher Fasern, im Normalfall mehr, wodurch sie einer heute sehr aktuellen Anforderung, nämlich der nach guten farblichen Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten, noch besser entgegenkommen.
  • Andererseits ergibt sich aus einem hohen Anteil an synthetischen Fasern normalerweise die Konsequenz, dass entsprechende Substrate schlecht entsorgbar sind und aus diesem Grund den zunehmenden Anforderungen an Umweltverträglichkeit nicht in idealer Weise entsprechen.
  • Es schien auch äusserst zweifelhaft, ob ein weitgehender oder sogar totaler Verzicht auf synthetische Fasern nicht die gestalterischen Möglichkeiten des Stoffdesigners zu stark einschränken und vor allem die hervorragenden Eigenschaften bekannter gattungsgemässer Textilien bezüglich Wasseraufnahme und -ableitung beinträchtigen würde. Das erste Problem ist weniger gravierend und kann durch entsprechend angepasste, naturnahere Farbgebung umgangen werden. Für den Flüssigkeitstransport erschien es jedoch nach den bisherigen Resultaten unabdingbar, einen verhältnismässig hohen Anteil - mindestens 15 Gew.-% - synthetischer Fasern, vorzugsweise Polyester, vorzusehen, da deren hydrophobe Eigenschaften für den Flüssigkeitstransport über längere Strecken eine notwendige Bedingung darzustellen schienen.
  • Ueberraschenderweise hat es sich jedoch gezeigt, dass die gleiche Funktion durch die Ramiefaser wahrgenommen wird, wenn sie in ausreichender Konzentration - mindestens 15 Gew.-% - im Substrat vorliegt. Dies war aufgrund ihrer chemischen Zusammensetzung - degummierte Ramie besteht im wesentlichen aus Zellulose - nicht zu erwarten gewesen. Zwar hatte sich erwiesen, dass Ramie eine Rolle bei der Uebertragung von Wasser von Wolle zu synthetischer Faser wie Polyester spielt, dies wäre aber auch mit mässig hydrophilen Eigenschaften der Faseroberfläche zu erklären gewesen, die keine Grundlage für Wassertransport über längere Strecken abgeben.
  • Dass Ramie Wasser auch über längere Strecken zu transportieren in der Lage ist, dürfte auf den erst vor kurzem bekannt gewordenen Umstand zurückzuführen sein, dass die Ramiefasern hohl sind. Sie bilden Röhren, die im Inneren mit einer Längsrillung versehen sind. Dies begründet eine starke Kapillarwirkung, die, so scheint es, für den Langstreckentransport von Wasser verantwortlich ist.
  • In jedem Falle bildet die Entdeckung der Fähigkeit der Ramiefaser, Wasser über lange Strecken abzuführen, die Grundlage für eine überraschend einfache Lösung der Aufgabe, ein textiles Substrat für Sitzbezüge zur Verfügung zu stellen, das nicht nur äusserst komfortabel ist, indem es sich auch bei langdauernder ununterbrochener Benutzung unter schwierigen Bedingungen wie hohen Temperaturen und hoher Luftfeuchtigkeit stets trocken anfühlt, sondern auch die Umwelt sehr wenig belastet, insbesondere gut entsorgbar ist und unter geeigneten Bedingungen mit höchstens geringen entsorgungsbedürftigen Rückständen verrottet. Erfindungsgemässe Substrate können im allgemeinen regelrecht kompostiert werden, indem sie zerkleinert und anschliessend aufgehäuft und bei ausreichender Feuchtigkeit und Temperatur gelagert werden.
  • Das textile Substrat kann im übrigen auf verschiedene Weise, als Gewebe oder Gewirk oder Gestrick, insbesondere auch als Raschel oder Malimo ausgebildet sein. Solche Ausführungen sind in den Figuren schematisch dargestellt. Und zwar zeigen, wobei die Schussrichtung jeweils horizontal verläuft,
    • Fig. 1
    ein Gewebe,
    Fig. 2
    eine Schussraschel und
    Fig. 3
    Malimo.
  • Das erfindungsgemässe Substrat besteht aus mindestens 40 Gew.-% Wolle und mindestens 15 Gew.-% degummierter Ramie, wobei die Summe der Anteile von Wolle und Ramie mehr als 85 Gew.-% ausmacht. Im übrigen besteht es vorzugsweise ausschliesslich aus Stoffen, die verrotten, so dass es ohne Einschränkung kompostierbar ist. Auch unter diesen Bedingungen kann es im Hinblick auf verschiedenste Anforderungen ausgerüstet werden. Z. B. kann es zur Verhinderung statischer Aufladung Metallfasern oder Draht, vorzugsweise nicht mehr als 5 Gew.-%, enthalten. Werden sie entsprechend ausgewählt, so oxidieren sie unter geeigneten Bedingungen und verrotten so zusammen mit den übrigen Bestandteilen. Auch die Verwendung von Elastic-Fasern ist durchaus möglich, da deren Anteil, wenn sie nicht verrotten wie z. B. Lycra® (eingetragenes Warenzeichen der Firma Du Pont de Nemours), sehr tief - auf höchstens 5 Gew.-% - gehalten werden oder sonst verrottendes Material wie Naturkautschuk verwendet werden kann. Elastic-Fasern können z. B. in das Substrat eingearbeitet sein, indem einzelne Fäden ganz aus derartigem Material bestehen oder ein im wesentlichen aus Ramie bestehendes Garn, etwa im Schuss eines Gewebes, mit Elastic-Fasern umzwirnt ist.
  • Obwohl synthetische Fasern wie Polyester, Polypropylen, Polyamid, Polyacryl oder Aramid in geringen Anteilen nicht sonderlich störend sind, wird im Interesse uneingeschränkter Kompostierbarkeit vorzugsweise auf sie verzichtet, so dass alle verwendeten Fasern - von eventueller Beimischung von Metallfasern abgesehen - tierischer oder pflanzlicher Herkunft sind. Neben Wolle und Ramie, die immer vorhanden sind, eignen sich z. B. Baumwolle, Leinen, Zellwolle und Hanf.
  • Sehr günstig ist es, wenn das Substrat ein Mischgarn mit Wolle und Ramie enthält, vorzugsweise eines, das aus ca. 80 Gew.-% Wolle und 20 Gew.-% Ramie besteht. Handelt es sich um ein Gewebe, so kann etwa die Kette oder der Schuss aus einem derartigen Mischgarn bestehen, der Schuss bzw. die Kette hingegen aus anderem Material, z. B. aus reiner Ramie. Bei solchen und anderen Substraten hat es sich als möglich und sogar günstig erwiesen, ausschliesslich Wolle und Ramie zu verwenden und auf andere Beimischungen ganz zu verzichten, wenn sie nicht wegen besonderer Anforderungen nötig sind.
  • So zeigt Figur 1 ein erfindungsgemässes Gewebe, dessen Kette aus einem Mischgarn 1 mit 80 Gew.-% Wolle und 20 Gew.-% Ramie gebildet ist, während der Schuss aus Ramiefäden 2 besteht. Geeignete Ramie-Fasern werden z. B. unter dem Namen Firon® von der Firma Fischer Dottikon AG, CH-5606 Dottikon vertrieben. Insgesamt ergibt dies einen Anteil an Wolle von 52 Gew.-% und an Ramie von 48 Gew.-%. Natürlich sind auch andere Zusammensetzungen möglich wie weiter oben beschrieben.
  • Bei einer Messung der Steighöhe zeigte das beschriebene Gewebe Werte, wie sie für ein gut wasserableitendes Substrat typisch sind, nämlich:
    Kette Schuss
    nach 1 Stunde ∼ 15 cm ∼ 15 cm
    nach 3 Stunden > 25 cm > 25 cm
  • Figuren 2 und 3 zeigen weitere typische Substrate, Figur 2 Schussraschel und Figur 3 Malimo, die gleichfalls in einer der oben beschriebenen Weisen zusammengesetzt sein können.

Claims (12)

  1. Textiles Substrat für Sitzbezüge, welches mindestens 40 Gew.-% Wolle und mindestens 15 Gew.-% Ramie enthält, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Summe der Anteile an Wolle und Ramie mehr als 85 Gew.-% beträgt.
  2. Textiles Substrat nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es 40 bis 85 Gew.-% Wolle und 15 bis 60 Gew.-% Ramie enthält.
  3. Textiles Substrat nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es, vorzugsweise höchstens 5 Gew.-%, Elastic-Fasern enthält.
  4. Textiles Substrat nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es, vorzugsweise höchstens 5 Gew.-%, Metall enthält.
  5. Textiles Substrat nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es Polyester enthält.
  6. Textiles Substrat nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass seine organischen Bestandteile ausschliesslich Stoffe tierischer oder pflanzlicher Herkunft sind.
  7. Textiles Substrat nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ausschliesslich aus Wolle und Ramie besteht.
  8. Textiles Substrat nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ein Wolle und Ramie enthaltendes Mischgarn enthält.
  9. Textiles Substrat nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Mischgarn aus 80 Gew.-% Wolle und 20 Gew.-% Ramie besteht.
  10. Textiles Substrat nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich um ein Gewebe handelt, dessen Kette oder Schuss aus dem Wolle und Ramie enthaltenden Mischgarn besteht.
  11. Textiles Substrat nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dessen Schuss bzw. Kette aus Ramie besteht.
  12. Textiles Substrat nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ausschliesslich aus Materialien besteht, die unter Umweltbedingungen bei genügend hoher Feuchtigkeit und Temperatur verrotten.
EP95106420A 1994-05-30 1995-04-28 Textiles Substrat für Sitzbezüge Expired - Lifetime EP0685583B1 (de)

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WO1999047737A1 (fr) * 1998-03-18 1999-09-23 Avelana S.A. Nouveau tissu, son procede de fabrication, et vetements ainsi obtenus
DE19819400A1 (de) * 1998-04-30 1999-11-11 Daimler Chrysler Ag Textiler Bezugsstoff
EP1127969A1 (de) * 2000-02-25 2001-08-29 Rohner Textil Ag Textilsubstrat
WO2017108036A1 (de) * 2015-12-23 2017-06-29 Jost Gesine Textiles material auf basis von brennnessel
CN107287733A (zh) * 2017-08-17 2017-10-24 南通新天地纺织品印染有限公司 一种保健舒适面料及其加工工艺

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US5876849A (en) * 1997-07-02 1999-03-02 Itex, Inc. Cotton/nylon fiber blends suitable for durable light shade fabrics containing carbon doped antistatic fibers
US6057032A (en) * 1997-10-10 2000-05-02 Green; James R. Yarns suitable for durable light shade cotton/nylon clothing fabrics containing carbon doped antistatic fibers
US6309017B1 (en) 2000-09-18 2001-10-30 Greg Middleton Removable seat cover
IL144065A0 (en) * 2001-06-28 2002-04-21 Polgat Textiles Co 1960 Ltd Differential-function woven outwear fabric
DE10243907A1 (de) * 2002-09-20 2004-04-08 Johnson Controls Gmbh Sitzbezug und damit ausgestatteter Sitz, insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug
SE0300028L (sv) * 2003-01-09 2003-12-16 Ergonomiprodukter I Bodafors A Textilmatta och dyna framställd därav
CN100415969C (zh) * 2004-07-16 2008-09-03 王志刚 一种高支数麻棉混纺纱线的制造工艺
US20110171467A1 (en) * 2007-11-09 2011-07-14 Cavalier Ii King High Thermal Performance Arc and Flame Protective Fabric
CN104099704A (zh) * 2014-07-15 2014-10-15 常熟市立丹纺织品有限公司 一种易洗麻布
EP2977495A1 (de) 2014-07-24 2016-01-27 Borgstena Textil Portugal, LDA Wolltextil für eine automobile Sitzhülle
US10753015B2 (en) * 2017-09-15 2020-08-25 Lear Corporation High performance wool blend fabric

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EP0356708A1 (de) * 1988-08-31 1990-03-07 Rohner Textil Ag Textiles Substrat für Bezüge an Sitzeinrichtungen
EP0455848A1 (de) * 1990-05-08 1991-11-13 Rohner Textil Ag Textiles Substrat für Sitzbezüge

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US5167264A (en) * 1988-08-31 1992-12-01 Jacob Rohner Ag Ramie containing textile substrate for seat covers

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BE342813A (de) *
EP0356708A1 (de) * 1988-08-31 1990-03-07 Rohner Textil Ag Textiles Substrat für Bezüge an Sitzeinrichtungen
EP0455848A1 (de) * 1990-05-08 1991-11-13 Rohner Textil Ag Textiles Substrat für Sitzbezüge

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999047737A1 (fr) * 1998-03-18 1999-09-23 Avelana S.A. Nouveau tissu, son procede de fabrication, et vetements ainsi obtenus
FR2776309A1 (fr) * 1998-03-18 1999-09-24 Avelana Nouveau tissu et son procede de fabrication
DE19819400A1 (de) * 1998-04-30 1999-11-11 Daimler Chrysler Ag Textiler Bezugsstoff
EP1127969A1 (de) * 2000-02-25 2001-08-29 Rohner Textil Ag Textilsubstrat
US6509286B2 (en) 2000-02-25 2003-01-21 Rohner Textil Ag Textile substrate
WO2017108036A1 (de) * 2015-12-23 2017-06-29 Jost Gesine Textiles material auf basis von brennnessel
CN107287733A (zh) * 2017-08-17 2017-10-24 南通新天地纺织品印染有限公司 一种保健舒适面料及其加工工艺

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DE59506334D1 (de) 1999-08-12
US5617904A (en) 1997-04-08
EP0685583B1 (de) 1999-07-07
ATE181973T1 (de) 1999-07-15
ES2135621T3 (es) 1999-11-01
GR3031292T3 (en) 1999-12-31

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