EP0663272B1 - Procédé pour subdiviser des troncs d'arbre en pièces travaillées tout les cÔtés - Google Patents

Procédé pour subdiviser des troncs d'arbre en pièces travaillées tout les cÔtés Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0663272B1
EP0663272B1 EP94120155A EP94120155A EP0663272B1 EP 0663272 B1 EP0663272 B1 EP 0663272B1 EP 94120155 A EP94120155 A EP 94120155A EP 94120155 A EP94120155 A EP 94120155A EP 0663272 B1 EP0663272 B1 EP 0663272B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tree trunk
log
parallel
wood products
sides
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP94120155A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0663272A1 (fr
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Dietz Hans Prof Dr
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Dietz Hans Prof Dr
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Publication of EP0663272A1 publication Critical patent/EP0663272A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • B27B1/00—Methods for subdividing trunks or logs essentially involving sawing
    • B27B1/007—Methods for subdividing trunks or logs essentially involving sawing taking into account geometric properties of the trunks or logs to be sawn, e.g. curvature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for breaking down a conically shaped tree trunk provided with axial fibers into all-round processed wood products, in which the wood products are produced on two opposite sides of the tree trunk essentially in the same direction as the fibers and in the same direction as generatrices on the sides of the tree trunk.
  • the conically shaped tree trunk is placed on a conveyor running in a horizontal plane.
  • the log is first flattened on both sides using chipper tools.
  • corner milling cutters are used to attach longitudinal corners to the tree trunk.
  • the height of the corner milling cutters can be adjusted and adjusted so that they run along the tree trunk in a direction parallel to the central longitudinal axis.
  • the model created in this way is then dismantled by means of circular saws, by first making saw cuts along the inside of the corners in order to separate side boards from the main goods.
  • a disadvantage of this and other known profiling methods is that the model is generated along the central longitudinal axis of the tree trunk. Because of the taper of the tree trunk, it must therefore be chipped around its circumference, with increasing depth of engagement in the direction of the thicker trunk end. It is also known to first make axial saw cuts in the area of the tree circumference in the area of the thick trunk end in the case of very long and strongly conical tree trunks, so that not all of the wood to be removed is machined, but at least shorter boards are produced.
  • the model lies in the tree trunk in such a way that the axially extending fibers run through the model in an arc.
  • the surface of the model therefore cuts the curved fibers in large areas, so that wood products of reduced strength are created.
  • WO 92/22402. Another method for cutting tree trunks is known from WO 92/22402.
  • This known method addresses the problem of curved tree trunks.
  • the curved tree trunks are to be dismantled by first flattening them laterally in planes parallel to the plane of curvature. In the transition area on both sides of the flattened corners are then to be milled in the axial direction in a manner known per se, in order to subsequently cut off side boards either parallel to the plane of curvature or perpendicularly thereto.
  • the routing of the corner milling cutters must follow the natural curvature of the tree trunk. If the side boards are cut parallel to the plane of curvature, i.e. parallel to the flattened surfaces, a straight saw cut is required. If, on the other hand, the side boards are sawn off perpendicular to the plane of curvature, the saws used for this must also follow the natural curvature of the tree trunk and slightly curved boards are created which require post-treatment.
  • the invention is based on the object of developing a method of the type mentioned at the outset such that wood products with the best wood quality are produced in the tree trunk, the fibers further being intended to run as parallel as possible to the longitudinal direction of the finished wood product.
  • This object is achieved in a method of the type mentioned above in that the wood products are produced at the thinner end of the tree trunk up to the center line of the tree trunk, in such a way that a wedge-shaped residue remains around the center line after the production of the wood products.
  • the method on which the invention is based is basically detached from conventional dismantling methods, in particular profiling methods for tree trunks. With conventional methods, it was taken for granted that the model, i.e. the whole of the wood products to be produced is in one piece and lies in the center of the tree trunk.
  • the method according to the invention is fundamentally detached from this idea because, according to the method according to the invention, all of the wood products produced are produced oriented to the surface lines of the tree trunk. In this way, as is known per se from DE-OS 42 09 407, the wood area of optimal quality on the tree trunk is used, namely the wood area on the circumference of the tree trunk.
  • the residual wood resulting from the conicity of the tree trunk lies in the center of the tree trunk, i.e. precisely where the wood is of the lowest quality .
  • the residual wood obtained in this way can then either be processed into wood products of inferior quality or machined or otherwise disposed of.
  • the tree trunk is curved in one plane, and the wood products are produced in the same direction as the surface lines of maximum convexity or concavity.
  • This measure has the advantage that even with curved tree trunks of the usual type, wood products with an essentially fiber-parallel structure are produced. Since the wood products are produced in the same direction as the surface lines of maximum curvature, and the curvature of such tree trunks is generally restricted to a single level, the tree trunks can also be largely processed in conventional plants.
  • the tree trunk is first flattened on two sides parallel to a reference plane and then profiled.
  • This measure has the advantage that known profiling methods can be used to maximize the wood yield.
  • the reference plane is parallel to the plane of the curvature.
  • This measure also has the advantage that largely conventional systems can be used to dismantle the tree trunk.
  • a side product is first produced when it is flattened, which lies in the same direction as the line of highest elevation above the flat side produced in the tree trunk when flattened.
  • This measure has the advantage that, for example, a board of the highest quality is produced as side goods, these boards lying at an acute angle to one another in the tree trunk due to the conicity of the tree trunk.
  • 10 denotes a tree trunk, the conicity and curvature of which are exaggerated for better illustration.
  • the tree trunk 10 has a thin end 11 and a thick end 12.
  • the intermediate surface 13 is conical.
  • the conicity of the tree trunk 10 can be seen in the top view according to FIG. 1B.
  • 14 there is a convex surface line and 15 a concave surface line, the surface lines 14, 15 each representing the location of the maximum convexity or concavity.
  • the center line 16 of the tree trunk 10 is also curved in the illustration in FIG. 1B.
  • fibers of the tree trunk 10 are designated. These fibers 17 run essentially in the same direction as the center line 16, but have a smaller radius of curvature in the region of the concave surface line 15 than in the region of the convex surface line 14. With d 1 and d 2 in FIG. 1B it is also indicated that the fiber spacings or fiber thicknesses increase from thin end 11 to thick end 12.
  • FIG. 1A in FIG. 1A finally denotes that plane in which the tree trunk 10 is curved. Since the tree trunk 10 is only curved in this one plane 18, the center line 16 appears in FIG. 1A as a straight line.
  • FIG. 1A a model is also drawn or a dismantling instruction for the tree trunk 10.
  • a so-called main item is designated, namely in the example shown two solid squared timbers, while 21 denotes the so-called side product, that is four side boards in the embodiment shown.
  • the remaining area 22, the thickness of which naturally increases towards the thick end 12 of the tree trunk 10, is machined in conventional methods or into so-called short goods, i.e. short boards processed.
  • the method according to the invention is intended to remedy the situation.
  • FIGS. 2A-2D show first steps of the method according to the invention.
  • a tree trunk 30 with a thin end 31 and a thick end 32 can again be seen, the outer surface of the tree trunk 30 again being designated by 33.
  • a convex surface line 34 and a concave surface line 35 again characterize the areas of greatest convexity or concavity on both sides of the curved center line 36.
  • the fibers 37 also run here in the same direction as the center line 36.
  • the tree trunk 30 is also only curved in a single plane 38.
  • boards 41 are first cut off, which lie above or below plane 38 and run parallel to surface lines of the surface 33.
  • the boards 41 can be sawed off directly from the tree trunk 30 by making a correspondingly oblique saw cut.
  • the flat sides 42 lie parallel to the plane of curvature 38.
  • the separated sides of the tree trunk 30 can then be processed further in a separate sawing device in order to now saw off the boards 41.
  • the boards 41 do not yet lie optimally with respect to the direction of the fibers 37.
  • the boards 41 are made of high quality wood because they are cut out of the area of the lateral surface 33.
  • the model 40b is not only flattened on two sides at 42, as already explained, but it can also be seen that a forest edge 43 is only present in the region of the concave surface line 35, because that on the opposite convex Surface line 34 located forest edge was already machined, as indicated by a second flat side 45.
  • the second flat side 45 was produced by guiding a suitable cutting tool along a curved first surface 44 along the tree trunk 30.
  • corners 50 are now aligned in the same direction as the surface lines 34 and 35 over the entire axial length of the model 40b.
  • model 40c is now disassembled in a first work step by first sawing off a first side board 55 along the second surface 51 on the convex surface line 34, and then one along a third surface 52 first main item 56 is separated from the model 40c.
  • the saw cuts are not straight.
  • the curved surfaces 51 and 52 are at a constant distance from one another, as indicated by a constant thickness D for the first main article 56 in FIG. 4B.
  • the fibers 37 run in the same direction as the first side board 55 or the first main article 56.
  • the remaining model 40d is further broken down by producing a second main article 60 and a second side board 61 along a fourth surface 58 and a fifth surface 59 in the area of the concave surface line 35 will. It is also the case here that the surfaces 58, 59 are at a constant distance from one another and run in the same direction as the concave surface line 35.
  • the side boards 55 and 61 and the main goods 56 and 60 preferably, but not necessarily, have the same cross-sectional shape, they only have a slightly different radius of curvature and a slightly different length.
  • FIG. 5B also clearly shows that a wedge-shaped remnant 65 of the model 40d remains, which can be attributed to the conical shape of the tree trunk 30.
  • the rest 65 lies in the tree trunk 30 around the center line 36, that is in the region of the lowest wood quality.
  • wood products 55, 56, 60, 61 are produced by the method according to the invention, which on the one hand are structured practically completely parallel to the fibers and on the other hand are removed from the edge region of the tree trunk 30, where the highest wood quality is present.
  • the wood products produced according to the method according to the invention are therefore systematically of higher quality than wood products which were produced according to the prior art described at the outset in two respects.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Procédé de décomposition d'un tronc d'arbre (10 ; 30) de forme conique et pourvu de fibres axiales (17 ; 37), en produits de bois (20, 21 ; 55, 56, 60, 61), usinés de tous côtés, dans lequel les produits de bois (20, 21 ; 55, 56, 60, 61) sont produits sur deux côtés opposés l'un à l'autre du tronc d'arbre (10 ; 30), essentiellement avec la même orientation que les fibres (17 ; 37) et avec la même orientation que des génératrices (34, 35) sur les côtés du tronc d'arbre (10 ; 30), caractérisé en ce que les produits de bois (55, 56, 60, 61) sont produits à l'extrémité plus mince du tronc d'arbre (30) jusque vers la génératrice (36) du tronc d'arbre (30), de manière qu'après la production des produits de bois (55, 56, 60, 61) il subsiste un reste (65) en forme de coin autour de la génératrice (36).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le tronc d'arbre (30) est courbé dans un plan (38) et en ce que les produits de bois (55, 56, 60, 61) sont produits avec la même orientation que les génératrices (34, 35) de convexité ou de concavité maximale.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le tronc d'arbre (30) est tout d'abord aplati (42) sur deux côtés, parallèlement à un plan de référence et est ensuite profilé.
  4. Procédé selon les revendications 2 et 3, caractérisé en ce que le plan de référence est parallèle au plan (38) de la courbure.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce qu'avant la production des produits de bois (55, 56, 60, 61), lors de l'aplatissement, il est d'abord produit un produit latéral (41), qui est orienté comme la ligne de relief maximal et se situe au-dessus du côté plat (42), produit lors de l'aplatissement, dans le tronc d'arbre (30).
EP94120155A 1994-01-12 1994-12-20 Procédé pour subdiviser des troncs d'arbre en pièces travaillées tout les cÔtés Expired - Lifetime EP0663272B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4400600 1994-01-12
DE4400600A DE4400600C2 (de) 1994-01-12 1994-01-12 Verfahren zum Zerlegen eines Baumstammes in allseitig bearbeitete Holzerzeugnisse

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0663272A1 EP0663272A1 (fr) 1995-07-19
EP0663272B1 true EP0663272B1 (fr) 1997-08-06

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EP94120155A Expired - Lifetime EP0663272B1 (fr) 1994-01-12 1994-12-20 Procédé pour subdiviser des troncs d'arbre en pièces travaillées tout les cÔtés

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EP (1) EP0663272B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE156406T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE4400600C2 (fr)
FI (1) FI116275B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6712105B1 (en) 2002-09-26 2004-03-30 Key Knife, Inc. Method and apparatus for planing an article of wood

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI104316B (fi) * 1996-01-19 1999-12-31 Rautio Kauko Johannes Menetelmä ja laitteisto puunrunkojen käsittelemiseksi lastuamalla
US6637483B2 (en) 2000-06-08 2003-10-28 Key Knife, Inc. Method and apparatus for profiling a log
US6688351B2 (en) 2002-02-20 2004-02-10 Key Knife, Inc. Adjustable profiling head for a wood cutting apparatus
DE10335384A1 (de) * 2003-07-28 2005-03-17 Esterer Wd Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Zerlegen von konischen Baumstämmen
DE102005024451A1 (de) * 2005-05-24 2006-11-30 Esterer Wd Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Bearbeiten von gekrümmten Baumstämmen
DE102021126725A1 (de) 2021-10-14 2023-04-20 Gebrüder Linck, Maschinenfabrik "Gatterlinck" GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von schnittholz

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3114843C2 (de) * 1981-04-11 1986-02-27 Wurster u. Dietz GmbH u. Co. Maschinenfabrik, 7400 Tübingen Verfahren zur Verarbeitung von Rundholz sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE9107371U1 (de) * 1991-06-14 1992-09-10 Fries, Berthold, 5920 Bad Berleburg Holzbalken
SE470378B (sv) * 1991-06-17 1994-02-07 Ari Ab Sätt och anordning för sönderdelning av stock till bräder och plank
DE4209407A1 (de) * 1992-03-24 1993-09-30 Esterer Ag Maschf Verfahren zum Sägen von Langholz

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6712105B1 (en) 2002-09-26 2004-03-30 Key Knife, Inc. Method and apparatus for planing an article of wood

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4400600A1 (de) 1995-07-13
EP0663272A1 (fr) 1995-07-19
DE4400600C2 (de) 1997-04-17
FI946182A0 (fi) 1994-12-30
ATE156406T1 (de) 1997-08-15
FI946182A (fi) 1995-07-13
FI116275B (fi) 2005-10-31

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