EP0660066B1 - Zerstreubare Gegenmasse für rückstossfreie Waffen - Google Patents

Zerstreubare Gegenmasse für rückstossfreie Waffen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0660066B1
EP0660066B1 EP94402928A EP94402928A EP0660066B1 EP 0660066 B1 EP0660066 B1 EP 0660066B1 EP 94402928 A EP94402928 A EP 94402928A EP 94402928 A EP94402928 A EP 94402928A EP 0660066 B1 EP0660066 B1 EP 0660066B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fact
piston
wall
weapon
barrel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94402928A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0660066A1 (de
Inventor
Marc Reuche
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Luchaire Defense SA
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Luchaire Defense SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Luchaire Defense SA filed Critical Luchaire Defense SA
Publication of EP0660066A1 publication Critical patent/EP0660066A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0660066B1 publication Critical patent/EP0660066B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A1/00—Missile propulsion characterised by the use of explosive or combustible propellant charges
    • F41A1/08—Recoilless guns, i.e. guns having propulsion means producing no recoil
    • F41A1/10—Recoilless guns, i.e. guns having propulsion means producing no recoil a counter projectile being used to balance recoil

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of counter-masses for weapons without step back.
  • counter-masses also called reaction masses
  • reaction masses include a charge of inert material intended to balance the momentum when firing to eliminate recoil.
  • a counter-mass is ejected by a propellant charge towards the rear of the weapon at the same time as a projectile is launched forward.
  • the counterweights generally used are made of solids fragmentable at the exit of the barrel of the weapon, solid produced for example in the form a bundle of plastic filaments.
  • the subject of the invention is a recoilless weapon comprising a dispersible counterweight system placement in a barrel of the weapon and ejected when fired at a rear part of it by a piston pushed by the gas pressure of combustion of a propellant charge at the same time as a projectile is launched towards a front part of the tube,
  • this system comprising a charge of an inert material and dispersible disposed inside an envelope closed by a cover and a bottom, and is characterized in that the envelope is formed by a cylindrical wall fitted in the tube and secured in translation with the latter and in that the cover is linked to the envelope by a connecting means broken by the piston during firing, the bottom being formed by a partition linked to the envelope by a connecting means broken by the piston during firing, the envelope guiding the piston, a peripheral rim of which remains in contact with the envelope so as to ensure gas tightness, the piston thus ejecting the inert material outside the tube.
  • the cylindrical wall and the partition form a single and same room, the partition comprising at least one breaking point delimited by the wall.
  • the cover is bonded to the envelope by gluing and the cylindrical wall has a rear extension forming with the partition a bowl receiving the piston.
  • the charge of inert material is a liquid composed of water and an anti-freeze agent like calcium chloride.
  • the material of the wall, the partition and the cover is a material polyphenylene oxide plastic.
  • the cylindrical wall is placed in a clearance provided at the rear of the tube, clearance having a diameter such that the internal diameter of the wall placed in the tube is equal to the diameter internal projectile guide at the front of the tube and the end of the rear extension of the wall bears against a shoulder of the tube, shoulder connecting the clearance to the internal diameter of the projectile guide.
  • the cylindrical wall is formed by three sections joined together.
  • the cylindrical wall can be extended to the rear part of the tube by a spacer integral in translation with the latter and of the same internal diameter as Wall.
  • the spacer can secure the translation of the wall and the tube tear.
  • the cover has a conical shape converging towards the rear part of the barrel of the weapon and includes an orifice for filling equipped with a closing screw and a sealing washer.
  • the cover has a corrugated wall making it possible to contain the expansion of the liquid caused by temperature variations.
  • the piston has a sealing device preventing any material leakage inert.
  • the sealing device comprises, according to a first variant, a set lip in contact with the envelope by the pressure of the inert material during firing, and allowing to ensure a dynamic seal. It can also include a seal arranged in a groove arranged on the external diameter of the piston, and making it possible to ensure dynamic and static sealing.
  • a recoilless weapon 1 is shown schematically in section.
  • This weapon includes a cylindrical tube 2 axis 3, which is made for example of filament wound. Inside the tube are arranged a projectile 4, a case 5 containing a propellant charge and a counter-mass dispersible 6.
  • the projectile 4 carries on its rear part stabilization fins not represented. They are folded along the body of the projectile and inside the tube 2 and deploy when the projectile leaves the tube.
  • the housing 5 comprises a tubular wall 8 closed by a rear wall 7 forming a single piece and a front wall 9.
  • the tubular wall 8, the rear wall 7 and the front wall 9 define a volume internal 10 intended to receive a propellant charge of known type of the powder type single base or double base glitter.
  • a black powder igniter 11 of known type is also arranged in the internal volume 10 at the axis 3. It is connected by wires to a setting device gun fire.
  • the tubular wall 8 has at its median part a primer annular rupture 12 of triangular profile intended to divide the case in two pistons as will be explained later.
  • a primer annular rupture 12 of triangular profile intended to divide the case in two pistons as will be explained later.
  • Such a case is described in the patent FR-A-2 697 327.
  • Counterweight 6 consists of an envelope 13, a bottom 14 and a cover 15 which delimits an internal volume filled with an inert material 16.
  • the envelope 13 consists of a cylindrical wall 23, adjusted in a diameter internal 20 of the tube 2 and made integral in translation with the latter, for example by collage.
  • the bottom 14 consists of a partition 27.
  • the cylindrical wall 23 and the partition 27 form a single piece, and are delimited by a primer rupture 24 which is intended to facilitate their separation.
  • the cover 15 closes the wall in its rear part to define a internal volume filled with inert material 16. It has a conical shape converges towards the rear part of the weapon and has in its center an orifice of filling 30 equipped with a closing screw 31 and a sealing washer 32. A such an arrangement promotes filling of the inert material and in particular air evacuation.
  • the lid can be secured to the envelope for example by gluing.
  • the wall 23, the partition 27 and the cover 15 are made of a material low density plastic, for example between 0.9 and 1.2. This material will for example polyphenylene oxide sold under the registered trademark "Noryl".
  • the inert material for filling the counterweight is a liquid for example water possibly added with an anti-freeze such as calcium chloride.
  • an anti-freeze such as calcium chloride.
  • the addition of calcium chloride allows the weapon to be used at temperatures below 0 ° C. In addition, its fairly high density reduces the volume of the counterweight.
  • the proportion of calcium chloride will preferably be around 30%.
  • the wall 23 has, beyond the partition 27, a rear extension 22 which forms a bowl 17.
  • This bowl is intended to receive in part the housing 5.
  • This the latter has, on the projectile side, a bulge 26 of its outside diameter substantially corresponding to the internal diameter 20 of the tube 2.
  • the housing 5 is slidably mounted in the tube 2 and the cylindrical wall 23, and comes resting against the partition 27. It preferably has a coefficient of low friction between 0.15 and 0.25 and will be made of plastic material polyethylene type.
  • the housing 5 has, at its rear wall 7, an annular machining 33 of triangular profile whose role will be explained later.
  • the igniter 11 When the igniter 11 is ignited, it in turn initiates the propellant charge which filled the internal volume 10.
  • the pressure which builds up inside the housing 5 has for effect of separating the latter, at the level of the rupture initiator 12, into two parts that we will call pistons 18a and 18b.
  • the rupture initiator 12 is located in the area of lesser thickness of the housing, and opposite one end 34 of the rear extension 22 of the wall 23, the length of the piston 18b being substantially equal to the length of the rear extension 22.
  • Figure 2 shows the weapon at the time of this separation.
  • the igniter is no longer represented, its constituent parts having been fragmented by pressure.
  • the gas pressure pushes the projectile towards the front of the weapon in the direction X via the piston 18a.
  • the pressure exerted on the piston 18b has the effect of separating the partition 27 and the cylindrical wall 23 of the counter-mass at the level of the rupture initiator 24.
  • the pressure communicated to the liquid 16 via the piston breaks the cover 15 in small fragments.
  • the liquid 16 is pushed towards the rear of the weapon in the direction Y.
  • the wall 23 guides the piston 18b including a peripheral rim conical 35, coming from the rupture initiator 12, remains in contact with the wall under the pressure generated by the charge combustion gases, so as to ensure gas tightness (see patent FR-A-2 697 327 which describes such a piston).
  • FIG. 3 represents a second embodiment of the counterweight according to the invention.
  • a recoilless weapon 1 comprises a tube 2 inside which a projectile 4 is arranged, a case 5 containing a propellant charge and counterweight 6.
  • the tube 2 has two internal diameters different 19 and 20 connected together by a shoulder 25.
  • the internal diameter 20 of guidance of the projectile is less than the clearance 19 located at the rear of the tube 2.
  • the cylindrical wall 23 of the counterweight 6 is made integral with the tube 2, by example by gluing, at clearance 19, the end of the extension rear 22 of the wall being in abutment against the shoulder 25.
  • the internal diameter of the cylindrical wall 23 is equal to the internal diameter 20 of the tube.
  • This variant facilitates the production of the box 5 which has only one external guide diameter with the tube 2 and the wall 23.
  • the housing guide is sliding in the cylindrical wall and the tube.
  • the wall 23 is extended to the rear part of the tube, at clearance 19, by a spacer 21.
  • the spacer 21 improves the connection in translation of the wall to the tube and therefore counterweight.
  • Figure 4 shows the weapon at the time of the separation of the case into two pistons after ignition of the propellant charge.
  • the gas pressure pushes the projectile in direction X via piston 18a and counterweight 6 in direction Y via piston 18b.
  • the guiding of the piston 18b and the seal between the load propellant and the counter-mass liquid are provided up to the rear part of the tube of the weapon by the spacer 21 whose internal diameter is equal to the internal diameter of the cylindrical wall 23.
  • an envelope of counterweight having a cover 15 and a cylindrical wall 23 forming a single piece and a partition 27 made integral with the wall for example by bonding or ultrasonic welding.
  • the wall, cover and partition can also be made in one piece by molding or blowing.
  • cylindrical wall in several elements joined together for example by bonding.
  • FIG. 5 represents a third embodiment of the counterweight according to the invention.
  • a recoilless weapon 1 comprises a tube 2 inside which a projectile 4 is arranged, a case 5 containing a propellant charge and counterweight 6.
  • the counter-mass 6 forms a sub-assembly which can be made integral with the clearance 19 of the tube 2 for example by gluing.
  • the cylindrical wall 23 of the counter-mass is produced in three sections 23a, 23b and 23c joined together, for example by gluing, at the level of thinning 40 of complementary shapes made on each of the three sections.
  • the rear extension 22 of the section 23a abuts against the shoulder 25 of the tube 2.
  • the bottom 14 consists of a partition 27 which forms with the section 23a one and the same room.
  • the partition 27 has a breaking point 24 intended to facilitate its separation from the cylindrical wall 23.
  • the partition conforms to the shape of the piston 18b which has an internal cup 41 and an annular lip 36 at the level of its diameter external.
  • the section 23b of the wall 23 is integral with the cover 15 and forms a single and even room with the latter.
  • the cover has a corrugated wall which allows contain the variations in volume of the liquid 16, expansions which may occur following temperature variations.
  • the section 23c of the wall 23 extends to the rear part of the tube, but alternatively it is possible to provide a shorter section 23c which would be extended by a spacer to the rear of the tube, spacer of the same internal diameter that the cylindrical wall 23.
  • This alternative embodiment makes it possible in particular to produce the counterweight under form of a complete sub-assembly after assembly of the sections 23a, 23b and 23c, that can be introduced inside the barrel of the weapon and secured in translation with this last.
  • Figure 6 shows the weapon at the time of the separation of the case into two pistons after ignition of the propellant charge.
  • the gas pressure pushes the projectile in direction X via piston 18a and counterweight 6 in direction Y via piston 18b.
  • the seal between the piston 18b and the liquid of the counterweight is provided by the annular lip 36 which, when the pressure increases liquid generated at the start of the blow, comes into contact with the cylindrical wall 23.
  • This tightness is here further improved by the partition 27 which, after rupture, has also a lip which is applied against the walls of the envelope.
  • the cylindrical wall 23 is torn off by the lip 36 of the piston 18b at assembling sections 23a, 23b and 23c, these can be made with a diameter different internal.
  • the section 23c could have an internal diameter slightly greater than the internal diameter of the previous section 23b which itself could have a diameter slightly greater than the internal diameter of the section 23a.
  • the variation in diameter would be very small and of the order of a few tenths of millimeters, thus sealing would always be achieved thanks to the ability to deformation of the lip 36 and of the partition 27 which is greater than the variation diameters.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Eine rückstoßfreie Waffe mit in einem Waffenrohr (2) befindlichen streuenden Reaktionsmassensystem, die beim Abschuß durch einen vom Druck der Verbrennungsgase einer Treibladung gedrückten Kolben (18b) am rückwärtigen Rohrteil ausgestoßen werden, während ein Geschoß (4) zum vorderen Rohrteil befördert wird, die Reaktionsmasse bestehend aus einem zu einem Gehäuse (13) geformten Behälter geschlossen durch ein Oberteil (15) und ein Boden (14) unweit des Kolbens (18b), wobei der Behälter einen mit einer inerten streuenden Masse (16) gefüllten Hohlraum umschließt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gehäuse (13) aus einem Zylinder (23) besteht, der dem Rohr (2) angepaßt ist und mit ihm eine bewegliche Einheit bildet, daß das Oberteil (15) mit dem Gehäuse (13) verbunden ist und deren Verbindung beim Abschuß vom Kolben (18b) durchtrennt wird, daß auch der von einer Trennwand (27) gebildete Boden (14) mit dem Gehäuse (13) verbunden ist und deren Verbindung beim Abschuß vom Kolben (18b) durchtrennt wird, das Gehäuse (13) die Kolbenführung (18b) gewährleistet wird, deren ein äußerer Rand (35) beim Abschuß mit dem Gehäuse (13) in Kontakt bleibt, wodurch ein Eindringen der Gase vermieden wird und der Kolben (18b) die inerte Masse (16) aus dem Rohr (2) wirft.
  2. Waffe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zylinder (23) und die Trennwand (27) aus einem Stück sind, die Trennwand (27) weisend zumindest eine vom Zylinder begrenzte Einkerbung (24) auf.
  3. Waffe nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Oberteil (15) etwa durch Verkleben mit dem Gehäuse (13) verbunden ist.
  4. Waffe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zylinder (23) eine rückwärtige Verlängerung (22) aufweist, die mit der Trennwand (27) eine Aushöhlung (17) bildet, in welche der Kolben (18b) eingelagert wird.
  5. Waffe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die enthaltene inerte Masse (16) aus einer Flüssigkeit aus Wasser und einem Frostschutzmittel besteht.
  6. Waffe nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Frostschutzmittel ein Kalziumchlorid ist.
  7. Waffe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zylinder (23), die Trennwand (27) und das Oberteil (15) aus einem Kunststoff, etwa Polyphenylenoxid, bestehen.
  8. Waffe nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zylinder (23) in einer Aussparung (19) im rückwärtigen Teil des Rohres eingebracht ist, der Durchmesser dieser Aussparung, der dem inneren Durchmesser des Zylinders (23) im Rohr (2) entspricht, auch dem inneren Durchmesser der Führung des Geschoss (20) im vorderen Teil des Rohres entspricht, daß das äußere Ende der rückwärtigen Verlängerung (22) des Zylinders (23) sich an eine Schulter (25) des Rohres anlehnt, und diese Schulter die Aussparung (19) mit dem inneren Durchmesser der Geschoßführung (20) verbindet.
  9. Waffe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich der Zylinder aus drei Abschnitten (23a, 23b und 23c) zusammensetzt, die miteinander verbunden sind.
  10. Waffe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zylinder (23) durch ein Zwischenstück (21) bis zum rückwärtigen Teil des Rohres verlängert wird, dieses Zwischenstück mit dem Waffenrohr beweglich verbunden wird und den gleichen inneren Durchmesser wie der Zylinder aufweist.
  11. Waffe nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Zwischenstück (21) den beweglichen Zusammenhalt von Zylinder und Waffenrohr gewährleistet.
  12. Waffe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Oberteil (15) konisch geformt und auf den hinteren Teil des Waffenrohres ausgerichtet sowie mit einer Einfüllöffnung (30) mit einer Verschlußschraube (31) und einem Dichtungsring (32) versehen ist.
  13. Waffe nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Oberteil (15) eine gewellte Oberfläche aufweist, die ermöglicht, die sich durch Temperaturunterschiede ausdehnende Flüssigkeit aufzunehmen.
  14. Waffe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kolben (18b) mit einer Dichtungsvorrichtung versehen ist, die jegliches Austreten der inerten Masse (16) verhindert.
  15. Waffe nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dichtungsvorrichtung des Kolbens (18b) eine Lippe (36) aufweist, die durch den beim Abschuß von der inerten Masse erzeugten Druck gegen das Gehäuse (13) gepreßt wird und so eine dynamische Abdichtung gewährleistet.
  16. Waffe nach Anspruch 14 oder 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dichtungsvorrichtung für die inerte Masse eine Dichtung in einer Einkerbung auf dem äußeren Durchmesser des Kolbens (18b) aufweist, die eine sowohl dynamische als auch statische Abdichtung gewährleistet.
EP94402928A 1993-12-22 1994-12-19 Zerstreubare Gegenmasse für rückstossfreie Waffen Expired - Lifetime EP0660066B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9315418A FR2714165B1 (fr) 1993-12-22 1993-12-22 Système de contre-masse dispersable pour arme sans recul.
FR9315418 1993-12-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0660066A1 EP0660066A1 (de) 1995-06-28
EP0660066B1 true EP0660066B1 (de) 1999-03-10

Family

ID=9454202

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94402928A Expired - Lifetime EP0660066B1 (de) 1993-12-22 1994-12-19 Zerstreubare Gegenmasse für rückstossfreie Waffen

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5551330A (de)
EP (1) EP0660066B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69416976T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2130380T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2714165B1 (de)
IL (1) IL112105A (de)
ZA (1) ZA9410164B (de)

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US5952601A (en) * 1998-04-23 1999-09-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Recoilless and gas-free projectile propulsion
US6543329B2 (en) * 2000-11-08 2003-04-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Nested ring based countermass assembly
DE10101401A1 (de) * 2001-01-13 2002-07-25 Ulrich Brandstetter Wassergewehr zum Ersteinsatz im Brandfall
US6446535B1 (en) 2001-02-16 2002-09-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Triple-tube, dispersible countermass recoilless projectile launcher system
SE520975C2 (sv) * 2002-01-31 2003-09-16 Saab Ab Sätt att framställa motmassevapen, anordning vid motmassevapen samt motmassevapen
SE525137C2 (sv) * 2003-06-05 2004-12-07 Saab Ab Anordning vid vapen innefattande en motmassa för att sänka trycket kring vapnet, varvid motmassans huvudbeståndsdel är vätska som binds och hålls kvar av kapillärkrafter
EP1705449B1 (de) * 2005-03-21 2009-11-18 Saab Ab Gegenmasse und Gegenmassenwaffe
US7624668B1 (en) * 2005-06-10 2009-12-01 Sanford Matthew J Recoilless launching
DE602006021388D1 (de) * 2006-01-17 2011-06-01 Saab Ab Methode zur Konfigurierung einer Waffe
CN102141357B (zh) * 2011-01-06 2013-03-06 北京机械设备研究所 一种无后坐力抛射装置
CN103649670B (zh) * 2011-06-29 2014-12-24 北京机械设备研究所 一种无污染液体平衡装置
EP2815199B1 (de) * 2012-02-13 2020-04-29 Saab Ab Gegenmassebehälter zur verwendung in einer rückstossfreien waffe und rückstossfreie waffe mit einem solchen gegenmassebehälter
US9631882B2 (en) * 2013-10-21 2017-04-25 Kevin Paul Grant Method and device for improving countermass-based recoil control in projectile launchers
CN104500620A (zh) * 2014-12-24 2015-04-08 北京机械设备研究所 一种分体式活塞制动装置
EP3408603B1 (de) 2016-02-29 2022-04-13 Nammo Talley, Inc. Gegenmasseantriebssystem
IL261417B2 (en) 2016-02-29 2024-05-01 Nammo Talley Inc Counter fluid for the shoulder-launched ammunition propulsion system
CN108750114A (zh) * 2018-06-01 2018-11-06 北京理工伺服科技有限公司 一种无人机无后坐力投射平台
CZ2021436A3 (cs) * 2021-09-20 2022-09-07 Helia, Miroslava Palná zbraň s tlumicím zařízením

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2130380T3 (es) 1999-07-01
EP0660066A1 (de) 1995-06-28
IL112105A0 (en) 1995-03-15
DE69416976T2 (de) 1999-07-01
FR2714165B1 (fr) 1996-02-09
FR2714165A1 (fr) 1995-06-23
DE69416976D1 (de) 1999-04-15
ZA9410164B (en) 1995-08-24
IL112105A (en) 1998-01-04
US5551330A (en) 1996-09-03

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