EP0660066B1 - Dispersable countermass for recoilless weapons - Google Patents

Dispersable countermass for recoilless weapons Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0660066B1
EP0660066B1 EP94402928A EP94402928A EP0660066B1 EP 0660066 B1 EP0660066 B1 EP 0660066B1 EP 94402928 A EP94402928 A EP 94402928A EP 94402928 A EP94402928 A EP 94402928A EP 0660066 B1 EP0660066 B1 EP 0660066B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fact
piston
wall
weapon
barrel
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EP94402928A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0660066A1 (en
Inventor
Marc Reuche
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Luchaire Defense SA
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Luchaire Defense SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A1/00—Missile propulsion characterised by the use of explosive or combustible propellant charges
    • F41A1/08—Recoilless guns, i.e. guns having propulsion means producing no recoil
    • F41A1/10—Recoilless guns, i.e. guns having propulsion means producing no recoil a counter projectile being used to balance recoil

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of counter-masses for weapons without step back.
  • counter-masses also called reaction masses
  • reaction masses include a charge of inert material intended to balance the momentum when firing to eliminate recoil.
  • a counter-mass is ejected by a propellant charge towards the rear of the weapon at the same time as a projectile is launched forward.
  • the counterweights generally used are made of solids fragmentable at the exit of the barrel of the weapon, solid produced for example in the form a bundle of plastic filaments.
  • the subject of the invention is a recoilless weapon comprising a dispersible counterweight system placement in a barrel of the weapon and ejected when fired at a rear part of it by a piston pushed by the gas pressure of combustion of a propellant charge at the same time as a projectile is launched towards a front part of the tube,
  • this system comprising a charge of an inert material and dispersible disposed inside an envelope closed by a cover and a bottom, and is characterized in that the envelope is formed by a cylindrical wall fitted in the tube and secured in translation with the latter and in that the cover is linked to the envelope by a connecting means broken by the piston during firing, the bottom being formed by a partition linked to the envelope by a connecting means broken by the piston during firing, the envelope guiding the piston, a peripheral rim of which remains in contact with the envelope so as to ensure gas tightness, the piston thus ejecting the inert material outside the tube.
  • the cylindrical wall and the partition form a single and same room, the partition comprising at least one breaking point delimited by the wall.
  • the cover is bonded to the envelope by gluing and the cylindrical wall has a rear extension forming with the partition a bowl receiving the piston.
  • the charge of inert material is a liquid composed of water and an anti-freeze agent like calcium chloride.
  • the material of the wall, the partition and the cover is a material polyphenylene oxide plastic.
  • the cylindrical wall is placed in a clearance provided at the rear of the tube, clearance having a diameter such that the internal diameter of the wall placed in the tube is equal to the diameter internal projectile guide at the front of the tube and the end of the rear extension of the wall bears against a shoulder of the tube, shoulder connecting the clearance to the internal diameter of the projectile guide.
  • the cylindrical wall is formed by three sections joined together.
  • the cylindrical wall can be extended to the rear part of the tube by a spacer integral in translation with the latter and of the same internal diameter as Wall.
  • the spacer can secure the translation of the wall and the tube tear.
  • the cover has a conical shape converging towards the rear part of the barrel of the weapon and includes an orifice for filling equipped with a closing screw and a sealing washer.
  • the cover has a corrugated wall making it possible to contain the expansion of the liquid caused by temperature variations.
  • the piston has a sealing device preventing any material leakage inert.
  • the sealing device comprises, according to a first variant, a set lip in contact with the envelope by the pressure of the inert material during firing, and allowing to ensure a dynamic seal. It can also include a seal arranged in a groove arranged on the external diameter of the piston, and making it possible to ensure dynamic and static sealing.
  • a recoilless weapon 1 is shown schematically in section.
  • This weapon includes a cylindrical tube 2 axis 3, which is made for example of filament wound. Inside the tube are arranged a projectile 4, a case 5 containing a propellant charge and a counter-mass dispersible 6.
  • the projectile 4 carries on its rear part stabilization fins not represented. They are folded along the body of the projectile and inside the tube 2 and deploy when the projectile leaves the tube.
  • the housing 5 comprises a tubular wall 8 closed by a rear wall 7 forming a single piece and a front wall 9.
  • the tubular wall 8, the rear wall 7 and the front wall 9 define a volume internal 10 intended to receive a propellant charge of known type of the powder type single base or double base glitter.
  • a black powder igniter 11 of known type is also arranged in the internal volume 10 at the axis 3. It is connected by wires to a setting device gun fire.
  • the tubular wall 8 has at its median part a primer annular rupture 12 of triangular profile intended to divide the case in two pistons as will be explained later.
  • a primer annular rupture 12 of triangular profile intended to divide the case in two pistons as will be explained later.
  • Such a case is described in the patent FR-A-2 697 327.
  • Counterweight 6 consists of an envelope 13, a bottom 14 and a cover 15 which delimits an internal volume filled with an inert material 16.
  • the envelope 13 consists of a cylindrical wall 23, adjusted in a diameter internal 20 of the tube 2 and made integral in translation with the latter, for example by collage.
  • the bottom 14 consists of a partition 27.
  • the cylindrical wall 23 and the partition 27 form a single piece, and are delimited by a primer rupture 24 which is intended to facilitate their separation.
  • the cover 15 closes the wall in its rear part to define a internal volume filled with inert material 16. It has a conical shape converges towards the rear part of the weapon and has in its center an orifice of filling 30 equipped with a closing screw 31 and a sealing washer 32. A such an arrangement promotes filling of the inert material and in particular air evacuation.
  • the lid can be secured to the envelope for example by gluing.
  • the wall 23, the partition 27 and the cover 15 are made of a material low density plastic, for example between 0.9 and 1.2. This material will for example polyphenylene oxide sold under the registered trademark "Noryl".
  • the inert material for filling the counterweight is a liquid for example water possibly added with an anti-freeze such as calcium chloride.
  • an anti-freeze such as calcium chloride.
  • the addition of calcium chloride allows the weapon to be used at temperatures below 0 ° C. In addition, its fairly high density reduces the volume of the counterweight.
  • the proportion of calcium chloride will preferably be around 30%.
  • the wall 23 has, beyond the partition 27, a rear extension 22 which forms a bowl 17.
  • This bowl is intended to receive in part the housing 5.
  • This the latter has, on the projectile side, a bulge 26 of its outside diameter substantially corresponding to the internal diameter 20 of the tube 2.
  • the housing 5 is slidably mounted in the tube 2 and the cylindrical wall 23, and comes resting against the partition 27. It preferably has a coefficient of low friction between 0.15 and 0.25 and will be made of plastic material polyethylene type.
  • the housing 5 has, at its rear wall 7, an annular machining 33 of triangular profile whose role will be explained later.
  • the igniter 11 When the igniter 11 is ignited, it in turn initiates the propellant charge which filled the internal volume 10.
  • the pressure which builds up inside the housing 5 has for effect of separating the latter, at the level of the rupture initiator 12, into two parts that we will call pistons 18a and 18b.
  • the rupture initiator 12 is located in the area of lesser thickness of the housing, and opposite one end 34 of the rear extension 22 of the wall 23, the length of the piston 18b being substantially equal to the length of the rear extension 22.
  • Figure 2 shows the weapon at the time of this separation.
  • the igniter is no longer represented, its constituent parts having been fragmented by pressure.
  • the gas pressure pushes the projectile towards the front of the weapon in the direction X via the piston 18a.
  • the pressure exerted on the piston 18b has the effect of separating the partition 27 and the cylindrical wall 23 of the counter-mass at the level of the rupture initiator 24.
  • the pressure communicated to the liquid 16 via the piston breaks the cover 15 in small fragments.
  • the liquid 16 is pushed towards the rear of the weapon in the direction Y.
  • the wall 23 guides the piston 18b including a peripheral rim conical 35, coming from the rupture initiator 12, remains in contact with the wall under the pressure generated by the charge combustion gases, so as to ensure gas tightness (see patent FR-A-2 697 327 which describes such a piston).
  • FIG. 3 represents a second embodiment of the counterweight according to the invention.
  • a recoilless weapon 1 comprises a tube 2 inside which a projectile 4 is arranged, a case 5 containing a propellant charge and counterweight 6.
  • the tube 2 has two internal diameters different 19 and 20 connected together by a shoulder 25.
  • the internal diameter 20 of guidance of the projectile is less than the clearance 19 located at the rear of the tube 2.
  • the cylindrical wall 23 of the counterweight 6 is made integral with the tube 2, by example by gluing, at clearance 19, the end of the extension rear 22 of the wall being in abutment against the shoulder 25.
  • the internal diameter of the cylindrical wall 23 is equal to the internal diameter 20 of the tube.
  • This variant facilitates the production of the box 5 which has only one external guide diameter with the tube 2 and the wall 23.
  • the housing guide is sliding in the cylindrical wall and the tube.
  • the wall 23 is extended to the rear part of the tube, at clearance 19, by a spacer 21.
  • the spacer 21 improves the connection in translation of the wall to the tube and therefore counterweight.
  • Figure 4 shows the weapon at the time of the separation of the case into two pistons after ignition of the propellant charge.
  • the gas pressure pushes the projectile in direction X via piston 18a and counterweight 6 in direction Y via piston 18b.
  • the guiding of the piston 18b and the seal between the load propellant and the counter-mass liquid are provided up to the rear part of the tube of the weapon by the spacer 21 whose internal diameter is equal to the internal diameter of the cylindrical wall 23.
  • an envelope of counterweight having a cover 15 and a cylindrical wall 23 forming a single piece and a partition 27 made integral with the wall for example by bonding or ultrasonic welding.
  • the wall, cover and partition can also be made in one piece by molding or blowing.
  • cylindrical wall in several elements joined together for example by bonding.
  • FIG. 5 represents a third embodiment of the counterweight according to the invention.
  • a recoilless weapon 1 comprises a tube 2 inside which a projectile 4 is arranged, a case 5 containing a propellant charge and counterweight 6.
  • the counter-mass 6 forms a sub-assembly which can be made integral with the clearance 19 of the tube 2 for example by gluing.
  • the cylindrical wall 23 of the counter-mass is produced in three sections 23a, 23b and 23c joined together, for example by gluing, at the level of thinning 40 of complementary shapes made on each of the three sections.
  • the rear extension 22 of the section 23a abuts against the shoulder 25 of the tube 2.
  • the bottom 14 consists of a partition 27 which forms with the section 23a one and the same room.
  • the partition 27 has a breaking point 24 intended to facilitate its separation from the cylindrical wall 23.
  • the partition conforms to the shape of the piston 18b which has an internal cup 41 and an annular lip 36 at the level of its diameter external.
  • the section 23b of the wall 23 is integral with the cover 15 and forms a single and even room with the latter.
  • the cover has a corrugated wall which allows contain the variations in volume of the liquid 16, expansions which may occur following temperature variations.
  • the section 23c of the wall 23 extends to the rear part of the tube, but alternatively it is possible to provide a shorter section 23c which would be extended by a spacer to the rear of the tube, spacer of the same internal diameter that the cylindrical wall 23.
  • This alternative embodiment makes it possible in particular to produce the counterweight under form of a complete sub-assembly after assembly of the sections 23a, 23b and 23c, that can be introduced inside the barrel of the weapon and secured in translation with this last.
  • Figure 6 shows the weapon at the time of the separation of the case into two pistons after ignition of the propellant charge.
  • the gas pressure pushes the projectile in direction X via piston 18a and counterweight 6 in direction Y via piston 18b.
  • the seal between the piston 18b and the liquid of the counterweight is provided by the annular lip 36 which, when the pressure increases liquid generated at the start of the blow, comes into contact with the cylindrical wall 23.
  • This tightness is here further improved by the partition 27 which, after rupture, has also a lip which is applied against the walls of the envelope.
  • the cylindrical wall 23 is torn off by the lip 36 of the piston 18b at assembling sections 23a, 23b and 23c, these can be made with a diameter different internal.
  • the section 23c could have an internal diameter slightly greater than the internal diameter of the previous section 23b which itself could have a diameter slightly greater than the internal diameter of the section 23a.
  • the variation in diameter would be very small and of the order of a few tenths of millimeters, thus sealing would always be achieved thanks to the ability to deformation of the lip 36 and of the partition 27 which is greater than the variation diameters.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Description

Le domaine technique de l'invention est celui des contre-masses pour armes sans recul.The technical field of the invention is that of counter-masses for weapons without step back.

Ces contre-masses, également nommées masses de réaction, comprennent une charge de matière inerte destinée à assurer un équilibrage des quantités de mouvement lors du tir afin d'éliminer le recul. Pour celà, une contre-masse est éjectée par une charge propulsive vers l'arrière de l'arme en même temps qu'un projectile est lancé vers l'avant.These counter-masses, also called reaction masses, include a charge of inert material intended to balance the momentum when firing to eliminate recoil. For this, a counter-mass is ejected by a propellant charge towards the rear of the weapon at the same time as a projectile is launched forward.

Les contre-masses généralement utilisées sont constituées de solides fragmentables à la sortie du tube de l'arme, solides réalisés par exemple sous forme d'un fagot de filaments en matière plastique.The counterweights generally used are made of solids fragmentable at the exit of the barrel of the weapon, solid produced for example in the form a bundle of plastic filaments.

L'inconvénient que présente ce type de contre-masse est d'engendrer un danger important à l'arrière de l'arme pour le tireur et les troupes amies.The disadvantage of this type of counterweight is that it creates a danger important at the back of the weapon for the shooter and friendly troops.

A ce problème, ont été proposées diverses solutions. En particulier l'optimisation de la nature du matériau constitutif de la contre-masse en réduisant celle-ci sous forme de poudre, granules, etc...Various solutions have been proposed to this problem. In particular optimizing the nature of the material constituting the counter-mass by reducing this in the form of powder, granules, etc.

Mais cela nécessite l'utilisation d'un conteneur, comme le décrit le brevet FR2356904 (base pour le préambule de la revendication 1).But this requires the use of a container, as described in the patent FR2356904 (basis for the preamble of claim 1).

Il se pose alors le problème de la sécurité arrière lors de l'éclatement du conteneur à la sortie du tube de l'arme.There is then the problem of rear safety during the bursting of the container at the exit of the barrel of the weapon.

Il se pose également le problème de l'étanchéité entre le piston pousseur de la contre-masse et le tube de l'arme. En effet, au départ du coup, le conteneur qui est généralement réalisé en matériau précontraint comme le verre se brise en petits morceaux. Ces morceaux de verre très abrasifs peuvent se loger entre le piston et le tube de l'arme et ainsi nuire à l'étanchéité du système en provoquant des fuites néfastes au bon fonctionnement de l'arme.There is also the problem of sealing between the pusher piston of the counterweight and the barrel of the weapon. Indeed, at the start of the coup, the container which is usually made of pre-stressed material like glass breaks into small parts. These very abrasive pieces of glass can get lodged between the piston and the gun barrel and thus impair the tightness of the system by causing leaks harmful to the proper functioning of the weapon.

C'est le but de l'invention que de proposer un système de contre-masse permettant de pallier de tels inconvénients.It is the object of the invention to propose a counter-mass system allowing to overcome such drawbacks.

Ainsi l'invention a pour objet une arme sans recul comportant un système de contre-masse dispersable mise en place dans un tube de l'arme et éjectée lors du tir à une partie arrière de celui-ci par un piston poussé par la pression des gaz de combustion d'une charge propulsive en même temps qu'un projectile est lancé vers une partie avant du tube, ce système comprenant une charge d'une matière inerte et dispersable disposée à l'intérieur d'une enveloppe fermée par un couvercle et un fond, et est caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe est formée par une paroi cylindrique ajustée dans le tube et solidarisée en translation avec ce dernier et en ce que le couvercle est lié à l'enveloppe par un moyen de liaison rompu par le piston lors du tir, le fond étant formé par une cloison liée à l'enveloppe par un moyen de liaison rompu par le piston lors du tir, l'enveloppe assurant le guidage du piston dont un rebord périphérique reste en contact avec l'enveloppe de façon à assurer une étanchéité aux gaz, le piston éjectant ainsi la matière inerte hors du tube.Thus the subject of the invention is a recoilless weapon comprising a dispersible counterweight system placement in a barrel of the weapon and ejected when fired at a rear part of it by a piston pushed by the gas pressure of combustion of a propellant charge at the same time as a projectile is launched towards a front part of the tube, this system comprising a charge of an inert material and dispersible disposed inside an envelope closed by a cover and a bottom, and is characterized in that the envelope is formed by a cylindrical wall fitted in the tube and secured in translation with the latter and in that the cover is linked to the envelope by a connecting means broken by the piston during firing, the bottom being formed by a partition linked to the envelope by a connecting means broken by the piston during firing, the envelope guiding the piston, a peripheral rim of which remains in contact with the envelope so as to ensure gas tightness, the piston thus ejecting the inert material outside the tube.

De manière préférentielle, la paroi cylindrique et la cloison forment une seule et même pièce, la cloison comportant au moins une amorce de rupture délimitée par la paroi.Preferably, the cylindrical wall and the partition form a single and same room, the partition comprising at least one breaking point delimited by the wall.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques, le couvercle est lié à l'enveloppe par collage et la paroi cylindrique présente un prolongement arrière formant avec la cloison une cuvette recevant le piston.According to other characteristics, the cover is bonded to the envelope by gluing and the cylindrical wall has a rear extension forming with the partition a bowl receiving the piston.

La charge de matière inerte est un liquide composé d'eau et d'un agent anti-gel comme un chlorure de calcium.The charge of inert material is a liquid composed of water and an anti-freeze agent like calcium chloride.

Le matériau constitutif de la paroi, de la cloison et du couvercle est une matière plastique du type polyphénylène oxyde.The material of the wall, the partition and the cover is a material polyphenylene oxide plastic.

Selon une variante de réalisation, la paroi cylindrique est mise en place dans un dégagement aménagé à la partie arrière du tube, dégagement présentant un diamètre tel que le diamètre interne de la paroi mise en place dans le tube est égal au diamètre interne de guidage du projectile à la partie avant du tube et l'extrémité du prolongement arrière de la paroi est en appui contre un épaulement du tube, épaulement reliant le dégagement au diamètre interne de guidage du projectile.According to an alternative embodiment, the cylindrical wall is placed in a clearance provided at the rear of the tube, clearance having a diameter such that the internal diameter of the wall placed in the tube is equal to the diameter internal projectile guide at the front of the tube and the end of the rear extension of the wall bears against a shoulder of the tube, shoulder connecting the clearance to the internal diameter of the projectile guide.

Selon un mode préférentiel de réalisation, la paroi cylindrique est formée par trois tronçons rendus solidaires entre eux.According to a preferred embodiment, the cylindrical wall is formed by three sections joined together.

La paroi cylindrique peut être prolongée, jusqu'à la partie arrière du tube, par une entretoise solidaire en translation de ce dernier et de même diamètre interne que la paroi.The cylindrical wall can be extended to the rear part of the tube by a spacer integral in translation with the latter and of the same internal diameter as Wall.

L'entretoise peut assurer la solidarisation en translation de la paroi et du tube de l'arme.The spacer can secure the translation of the wall and the tube tear.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques, le couvercle présente une forme conique convergente vers la partie arrière du tube de l'arme et comprend un orifice de remplissage équipé d'une vis de fermeture et d'une rondelle d'étanchéité.According to other characteristics, the cover has a conical shape converging towards the rear part of the barrel of the weapon and includes an orifice for filling equipped with a closing screw and a sealing washer.

Préférentiellement, le couvercle présente une paroi ondulée permettant de contenir les dilatations du liquide provoquées par les variations de température.Preferably, the cover has a corrugated wall making it possible to contain the expansion of the liquid caused by temperature variations.

Le piston comporte un dispositif d'étanchéité empêchant toute fuite de matière inerte. Le dispositif d'étanchéité comprend, selon un première variante, une lèvre mise en contact de l'enveloppe par la pression de la matière inerte lors du tir, et permettant d'assurer une étanchéité dynamique. Il peut comprendre également un joint disposé dans une rainure aménagée sur le diamètre externe du piston, et permettant d'assurer une étanchéité dynamique et statique. The piston has a sealing device preventing any material leakage inert. The sealing device comprises, according to a first variant, a set lip in contact with the envelope by the pressure of the inert material during firing, and allowing to ensure a dynamic seal. It can also include a seal arranged in a groove arranged on the external diameter of the piston, and making it possible to ensure dynamic and static sealing.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description de modes particuliers de réalisation, description faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels:

  • la figure 1 représente en coupe une arme sans recul comportant une contre-masse selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention.
  • la figure 2 est une vue analogue de la précédente qui montre la contre-masse après mise à feu de la charge propulsive.
  • la figure 3 représente un deuxième mode de réalisation d'une contre-masse selon l'invention.
  • la figure 4 est une vue analogue de la précédente qui montre la contre-masse après mise à feu de la charge propulsive.
  • la figure 5 représente un troisième mode de réalisation d'une contre-masse selon l'invention.
  • la figure 6 est une vue analogue de la précédente qui montre la contre-masse après mise à feu de la charge propulsive.
The invention will be better understood on reading the description of particular embodiments, description made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 shows in section a recoilless weapon comprising a counter-mass according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a similar view of the previous one which shows the counter-mass after firing of the propellant charge.
  • FIG. 3 represents a second embodiment of a counterweight according to the invention.
  • Figure 4 is a similar view of the previous one which shows the counter-mass after firing of the propellant charge.
  • FIG. 5 represents a third embodiment of a counterweight according to the invention.
  • Figure 6 is a similar view of the previous one which shows the counter-mass after firing of the propellant charge.

En se reportant à la figure 1, la partie médiane d'une arme sans recul 1 est représentée schématiquement en coupe. Cette arme comprend un tube 2 cylindrique d'axe 3, qui est réalisé par exemple en enroulé filamentaire. A l'intérieur du tube sont disposés un projectile 4, un boitier 5 contenant une charge propulsive et une contre-masse dispersable 6.Referring to Figure 1, the middle part of a recoilless weapon 1 is shown schematically in section. This weapon includes a cylindrical tube 2 axis 3, which is made for example of filament wound. Inside the tube are arranged a projectile 4, a case 5 containing a propellant charge and a counter-mass dispersible 6.

Le projectile 4 porte à sa partie arrière des ailettes de stabilisation non représentées. Elles sont repliées le long du corps du projectile et à l'intérieur du tube 2 et se déploient lorsque le projectile sort du tube.The projectile 4 carries on its rear part stabilization fins not represented. They are folded along the body of the projectile and inside the tube 2 and deploy when the projectile leaves the tube.

Le boitier 5 comprend une paroi tubulaire 8 fermée par une paroi arrière 7 formant une seule et même pièce et une paroi avant 9.The housing 5 comprises a tubular wall 8 closed by a rear wall 7 forming a single piece and a front wall 9.

La paroi tubulaire 8, la paroi arrière 7 et la paroi avant 9 délimitent un volume interne 10 destiné à recevoir une charge propulsive de type connu du genre poudre à paillettes simple base ou double base.The tubular wall 8, the rear wall 7 and the front wall 9 define a volume internal 10 intended to receive a propellant charge of known type of the powder type single base or double base glitter.

Un allumeur 11 à poudre noire de type connu est également disposé dans le volume interne 10 au niveau de l'axe 3. Il est relié par des fils à un dispositif de mise à feu de l'arme.A black powder igniter 11 of known type is also arranged in the internal volume 10 at the axis 3. It is connected by wires to a setting device gun fire.

La paroi tubulaire 8 présente au niveau de sa partie médiane une amorce de rupture annulaire 12 de profil triangulaire destinée à partager le boitier en deux pistons comme il sera expliqué par la suite. Un tel boitier est décrit dans le brevet FR-A-2 697 327. The tubular wall 8 has at its median part a primer annular rupture 12 of triangular profile intended to divide the case in two pistons as will be explained later. Such a case is described in the patent FR-A-2 697 327.

La contre-masse 6 est constituée d'une enveloppe 13, d'un fond 14 et d'un couvercle 15 qui délimitent un volume interne rempli d'une matière inerte 16. L'enveloppe 13 est constituée d'une paroi cylindrique 23, ajustée dans un diamètre interne 20 du tube 2 et rendue solidaire en translation de ce dernier, par exemple par collage. Le fond 14 est constitué d'une cloison 27. La paroi cylindrique 23 et la cloison 27 forment une seule et même pièce, et sont délimitées par une amorce de rupture 24 qui est destinée à faciliter leur séparation.Counterweight 6 consists of an envelope 13, a bottom 14 and a cover 15 which delimits an internal volume filled with an inert material 16. The envelope 13 consists of a cylindrical wall 23, adjusted in a diameter internal 20 of the tube 2 and made integral in translation with the latter, for example by collage. The bottom 14 consists of a partition 27. The cylindrical wall 23 and the partition 27 form a single piece, and are delimited by a primer rupture 24 which is intended to facilitate their separation.

Le couvercle 15 vient fermer la paroi dans sa partie arrière pour délimiter un volume interne rempli de la matière inerte 16. Il présente une forme conique convergente vers la partie arrière de l'arme et possède en son centre un orifice de remplissage 30 équipé d'une vis de fermeture 31 et d'une rondelle d'étanchéité 32. Une telle disposition favorise le remplissage de la matière inerte et en particulier l'évacuation de l'air. La solidarisation du couvercle sur l'enveloppe peut être effectuée par exemple par collage.The cover 15 closes the wall in its rear part to define a internal volume filled with inert material 16. It has a conical shape converges towards the rear part of the weapon and has in its center an orifice of filling 30 equipped with a closing screw 31 and a sealing washer 32. A such an arrangement promotes filling of the inert material and in particular air evacuation. The lid can be secured to the envelope for example by gluing.

La paroi 23, la cloison 27 et le couvercle 15 sont réalisés en une matière plastique de faible densité, par exemple comprise entre 0,9 et 1,2. Ce matériau sera par exemple du polyphénylène oxyde commercialisé sous la marque déposé "Noryl".The wall 23, the partition 27 and the cover 15 are made of a material low density plastic, for example between 0.9 and 1.2. This material will for example polyphenylene oxide sold under the registered trademark "Noryl".

La matière inerte de remplissage de la contre-masse est un liquide par exemple de l'eau éventuellement additionné d'un anti-gel comme le chlorure de calcium. L'addition de chlorure de calcium permet l'utilisation de l'arme à des températures inférieures à 0°C. De plus, sa densité assez élevée permet de réduire le volume de la contre-masse. La proportion du chlorure de calcium sera, de manière préférentielle, de l'ordre de 30 %.The inert material for filling the counterweight is a liquid for example water possibly added with an anti-freeze such as calcium chloride. The addition of calcium chloride allows the weapon to be used at temperatures below 0 ° C. In addition, its fairly high density reduces the volume of the counterweight. The proportion of calcium chloride will preferably be around 30%.

La paroi 23 présente, au delà de la cloison 27, un prolongement arrière 22 qui forme une cuvette 17. Cette cuvette est destinée à recevoir en partie le boitier 5. Ce dernier présente, du côté projectile, un renflement 26 de son diamètre extérieur correspondant sensiblement au diamètre interne 20 du tube 2.The wall 23 has, beyond the partition 27, a rear extension 22 which forms a bowl 17. This bowl is intended to receive in part the housing 5. This the latter has, on the projectile side, a bulge 26 of its outside diameter substantially corresponding to the internal diameter 20 of the tube 2.

Le boitier 5 est monté glissant dans le tube 2 et la paroi cylindrique 23, et vient en appui contre la cloison 27. Il présente, de manière préférentielle, un coefficient de frottement faible compris entre 0,15 et 0,25 et sera réalisé en matière plastique du genre polyéthylène.The housing 5 is slidably mounted in the tube 2 and the cylindrical wall 23, and comes resting against the partition 27. It preferably has a coefficient of low friction between 0.15 and 0.25 and will be made of plastic material polyethylene type.

Le boitier 5 présente, au niveau de sa paroi arrière 7, un usinage annulaire 33 de profil triangulaire dont le rôle sera précisé par la suite.The housing 5 has, at its rear wall 7, an annular machining 33 of triangular profile whose role will be explained later.

Le fonctionnement de la contre-masse selon l'invention est le suivant:The operation of the counterweight according to the invention is as follows:

Lorsque l'allumeur 11 est mis à feu, il initie à son tour la charge propulsive qui rempli le volume interne 10. La pression qui s'accroit à l'intérieur du boitier 5 a pour effet de séparer ce dernier, au niveau de l'amorce de rupture 12, en deux parties que l'on nommera pistons 18a et 18b. When the igniter 11 is ignited, it in turn initiates the propellant charge which filled the internal volume 10. The pressure which builds up inside the housing 5 has for effect of separating the latter, at the level of the rupture initiator 12, into two parts that we will call pistons 18a and 18b.

De manière avantageuse, l'amorce de rupture 12 est située dans la zone de moindre épaisseur du boitier, et en regard d'une extrémité 34 du prolongement arrière 22 de la paroi 23, la longueur du piston 18b étant sensiblement égale à la longueur du prolongement arrière 22.Advantageously, the rupture initiator 12 is located in the area of lesser thickness of the housing, and opposite one end 34 of the rear extension 22 of the wall 23, the length of the piston 18b being substantially equal to the length of the rear extension 22.

La figure 2 montre l'arme au moment de cette séparation.Figure 2 shows the weapon at the time of this separation.

L'allumeur n'est plus représenté, ses éléments constitutifs ayant été fragmentés par la pression.The igniter is no longer represented, its constituent parts having been fragmented by pressure.

La pression des gaz pousse le projectile vers l'avant de l'arme dans la direction X par l'intermédiaire du piston 18a.The gas pressure pushes the projectile towards the front of the weapon in the direction X via the piston 18a.

La pression exercée sur le piston 18b a pour effet de séparer la cloison 27 et la paroi cylindrique 23 de la contre-masse au niveau de l'amorce de rupture 24. La pression communiquée au liquide 16 par l'intermédiaire du piston, brise le couvercle 15 en petits fragments. Le liquide 16 est poussé vers l'arrière de l'arme dans la direction Y.The pressure exerted on the piston 18b has the effect of separating the partition 27 and the cylindrical wall 23 of the counter-mass at the level of the rupture initiator 24. The pressure communicated to the liquid 16 via the piston, breaks the cover 15 in small fragments. The liquid 16 is pushed towards the rear of the weapon in the direction Y.

La paroi 23 assure le guidage du piston 18b dont un rebord périphérique conique 35, provenant de l'amorce de rupture 12, reste en contact avec la paroi sous la pression engendrée par les gaz de combustion de la charge, de façon à assurer une étanchéité aux gaz (voir le brevet FR-A-2 697 327 qui décrit un tel piston).The wall 23 guides the piston 18b including a peripheral rim conical 35, coming from the rupture initiator 12, remains in contact with the wall under the pressure generated by the charge combustion gases, so as to ensure gas tightness (see patent FR-A-2 697 327 which describes such a piston).

La pression des gaz de combustion plaque le piston 18b contre la paroi cylindrique 23 améliorant ainsi la solidarisation de cette dernière au tube 2.The pressure of the combustion gases presses the piston 18b against the wall cylindrical 23 thus improving the connection of the latter to the tube 2.

La montée en pression de la matière inerte, engendrée au départ du coup, permet d'assurer une étanchéité à la matière inerte par contact de la lèvre 36 de l'usinage annulaire 33 contre la paroi cylindrique 23.The rise in pressure of the inert material, generated at the start of the blow, makes it possible to seal the inert material by contact with the lip 36 of annular machining 33 against the cylindrical wall 23.

Sous l'effet de la vitesse d'éjection importante du liquide, ce dernier se vaporise en fines gouttelettes à la sortie du tube de l'arme.Under the effect of the high ejection speed of the liquid, the latter vaporizes in fine droplets at the exit of the barrel of the weapon.

Dans les projections arrières, seules deux parois constitutives de la contre-masse sont éjectées: la cloison 27 et le couvercle 15, la paroi cylindrique 23 restant solidaire du tube. Ceux-ci étant réalisés dans un matériau de faible densité et d'une épaisseur faible de l'ordre de 1 à 2 mm, le danger arrière est minimisé.In the rear projections, only two walls constituting the counter-mass are ejected: the partition 27 and the cover 15, the cylindrical wall 23 remaining integral of the tube. These being made of a material of low density and thickness low on the order of 1 to 2 mm, rear danger is minimized.

La figure 3 représente un second mode de réalisation de la contre-masse selon l'invention.FIG. 3 represents a second embodiment of the counterweight according to the invention.

Comme le mode de réalisation précédent, une arme sans recul 1 comprend un tube 2 à l'intérieur duquel sont disposés un projectile 4, un boitier 5 contenant une charge propulsive et une contre-masse 6.Like the previous embodiment, a recoilless weapon 1 comprises a tube 2 inside which a projectile 4 is arranged, a case 5 containing a propellant charge and counterweight 6.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, le tube 2 présente deux diamètres internes différents 19 et 20 reliés entre eux par un épaulement 25. Le diamètre interne 20 de guidage du projectile est inférieur au dégagement 19 situé à la partie arrière du tube 2. In this embodiment, the tube 2 has two internal diameters different 19 and 20 connected together by a shoulder 25. The internal diameter 20 of guidance of the projectile is less than the clearance 19 located at the rear of the tube 2.

La paroi cylindrique 23 de la contre-masse 6 est rendue solidaire du tube 2, par exemple par collage, au niveau du dégagement 19, l'extrémité du prolongement arrière 22 de la paroi étant en appui contre l'épaulement 25. Le diamètre interne de la paroi cylindrique 23 est égal au diamètre interne 20 du tube.The cylindrical wall 23 of the counterweight 6 is made integral with the tube 2, by example by gluing, at clearance 19, the end of the extension rear 22 of the wall being in abutment against the shoulder 25. The internal diameter of the cylindrical wall 23 is equal to the internal diameter 20 of the tube.

Cette variante facilite la réalisation du boitier 5 qui ne présente plus qu'un seul diamètre externe de guidage avec le tube 2 et la paroi 23. Le guidage du boitier est glissant dans la paroi cylindrique et le tube.This variant facilitates the production of the box 5 which has only one external guide diameter with the tube 2 and the wall 23. The housing guide is sliding in the cylindrical wall and the tube.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, la paroi 23 est prolongée jusqu'à la partie arrière du tube, au niveau du dégagement 19, par une entretoise 21. Celle-ci présente le même diamètre interne que la paroi et elle est rendue solidaire du tube, dans le dégagement 19, par exemple par collage.In this embodiment, the wall 23 is extended to the rear part of the tube, at clearance 19, by a spacer 21. This presents the same internal diameter as the wall and it is made integral with the tube, in the clearance 19, for example by gluing.

L'entretoise 21 permet d'améliorer la solidarisation en translation de la paroi au tube et par conséquent de la contre-masse.The spacer 21 improves the connection in translation of the wall to the tube and therefore counterweight.

En variante, il est possible d'assurer la solidarisation de la paroi 23 uniquement par l'entretoise 21 qui sera collée dans le dégagement 19 du tube 2.Alternatively, it is possible to secure the wall 23 only by the spacer 21 which will be glued in the clearance 19 of the tube 2.

La figure 4 montre l'arme au moment de la séparation du boitier en deux pistons après allumage de la charge propulsive.Figure 4 shows the weapon at the time of the separation of the case into two pistons after ignition of the propellant charge.

La pression des gaz pousse le projectile dans la direction X par l'intermédiaire du piston 18a et la contre-masse 6 dans la direction Y par l'intermédiaire du piston 18b.The gas pressure pushes the projectile in direction X via piston 18a and counterweight 6 in direction Y via piston 18b.

Dans cette variante, le guidage du piston 18b et l'étanchéité entre la charge propulsive et le liquide de la contre-masse sont assurés jusqu'à la partie arrière du tube de l'arme par l'entretoise 21 dont le diamètre interne est égal au diamètre interne de la paroi cylindrique 23.In this variant, the guiding of the piston 18b and the seal between the load propellant and the counter-mass liquid are provided up to the rear part of the tube of the weapon by the spacer 21 whose internal diameter is equal to the internal diameter of the cylindrical wall 23.

A titre de variante, il est bien entendu possible de réaliser une enveloppe de contre-masse présentant un couvercle 15 et une paroi cylindrique 23 formant une seule et même pièce et une cloison 27 rendue solidaire de la paroi par exemple par collage ou soudure ultrason. La paroi, le couvercle et la cloison peuvent également être réalisés d'une seule pièce par moulage ou soufflage.As a variant, it is of course possible to produce an envelope of counterweight having a cover 15 and a cylindrical wall 23 forming a single piece and a partition 27 made integral with the wall for example by bonding or ultrasonic welding. The wall, cover and partition can also be made in one piece by molding or blowing.

Il est également envisageable de prévoir la réalisation d'un piston équipé d'une forme emporte-pièce destinée à assurer ou à améliorer la séparation entre la cloison et la paroi de la contre-masse sous la pression du piston lors de la mise à feu.It is also possible to envisage making a piston fitted with a cookie cutter shape intended to ensure or improve the separation between the partition and the wall of the counter-mass under the pressure of the piston during firing.

Il est possible également de réaliser la paroi cylindrique en plusieurs éléments solidarisés entre eux par exemple par collage.It is also possible to make the cylindrical wall in several elements joined together for example by bonding.

La figure 5 représente un troisième mode de réalisation de la contre-masse selon l'invention. FIG. 5 represents a third embodiment of the counterweight according to the invention.

Comme le mode de réalisation précédent, une arme sans recul 1 comprend un tube 2 à l'intérieur duquel sont disposés un projectile 4, un boitier 5 contenant une charge propulsive et une contre-masse 6.Like the previous embodiment, a recoilless weapon 1 comprises a tube 2 inside which a projectile 4 is arranged, a case 5 containing a propellant charge and counterweight 6.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, la contre-masse 6 forme un sous-ensemble qui peut être rendu solidaire du dégagement 19 du tube 2 par exemple par collage.In this embodiment, the counter-mass 6 forms a sub-assembly which can be made integral with the clearance 19 of the tube 2 for example by gluing.

La paroi cylindrique 23 de la contre-masse est réalisée en trois tronçons 23a, 23b et 23c solidarisés entre eux, par exemple par collage, au niveau d'amincissements 40 de formes complémentaires réalisés sur chacun des trois tronçons.The cylindrical wall 23 of the counter-mass is produced in three sections 23a, 23b and 23c joined together, for example by gluing, at the level of thinning 40 of complementary shapes made on each of the three sections.

Le prolongement arrière 22 du tronçon 23a est en butée contre l'épaulement 25 du tube 2. Le fond 14 est constitué d'une cloison 27 qui forme avec le tronçon 23a une seule et même pièce. La cloison 27 présente une amorce de rupture 24 destinée à faciliter sa séparation d'avec la paroi cylindrique 23.The rear extension 22 of the section 23a abuts against the shoulder 25 of the tube 2. The bottom 14 consists of a partition 27 which forms with the section 23a one and the same room. The partition 27 has a breaking point 24 intended to facilitate its separation from the cylindrical wall 23.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, la cloison vient épouser la forme du piston 18b qui présente une cuvette interne 41 et une lèvre annulaire 36 au niveau de son diamètre externe.In this embodiment, the partition conforms to the shape of the piston 18b which has an internal cup 41 and an annular lip 36 at the level of its diameter external.

Le tronçon 23b de la paroi 23 est solidaire du couvercle 15 et forme une seule et même pièce avec ce dernier. Le couvercle présente une paroi ondulée qui permet de contenir les variations de volume du liquide 16, dilatations pouvant intervenir suite à des variations de température.The section 23b of the wall 23 is integral with the cover 15 and forms a single and even room with the latter. The cover has a corrugated wall which allows contain the variations in volume of the liquid 16, expansions which may occur following temperature variations.

Le tronçon 23c de la paroi 23 se prolonge jusqu'à la partie arrière du tube, mais en variante il est possible de prévoir un tronçon 23c plus court qui serait prolongé par une entretoise jusqu'à la partie arrière du tube, entretoise de même diamètre interne que la paroi cylindrique 23.The section 23c of the wall 23 extends to the rear part of the tube, but alternatively it is possible to provide a shorter section 23c which would be extended by a spacer to the rear of the tube, spacer of the same internal diameter that the cylindrical wall 23.

Cette variante de réalisation permet notamment de réaliser la contre-masse sous forme d'un sous-ensemble complet après assemblage des tronçons 23a, 23b et 23c, que l'on peut introduire à l'intérieur du tube de l'arme et solidariser en translation avec ce dernier.This alternative embodiment makes it possible in particular to produce the counterweight under form of a complete sub-assembly after assembly of the sections 23a, 23b and 23c, that can be introduced inside the barrel of the weapon and secured in translation with this last.

La figure 6 montre l'arme au moment de la séparation du boitier en deux pistons après allumage de la charge propulsive.Figure 6 shows the weapon at the time of the separation of the case into two pistons after ignition of the propellant charge.

La pression des gaz pousse le projectile dans la direction X par l'intermédiaire du piston 18a et la contre-masse 6 dans la direction Y par l'intermédiaire du piston 18b.The gas pressure pushes the projectile in direction X via piston 18a and counterweight 6 in direction Y via piston 18b.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, l'étanchéité entre le piston 18b et le liquide de la contre-masse est assuré par la lèvre annulaire 36 qui, lors de la montée en pression du liquide engendrée au départ du coup, vient en contact de la paroi cylindrique 23. Cette étanchéité est ici encore améliorée par la cloison 27 qui, après rupture, présente également une lèvre venant s'appliquer contre les parois de l'enveloppe. In this embodiment, the seal between the piston 18b and the liquid of the counterweight is provided by the annular lip 36 which, when the pressure increases liquid generated at the start of the blow, comes into contact with the cylindrical wall 23. This tightness is here further improved by the partition 27 which, after rupture, has also a lip which is applied against the walls of the envelope.

A titre de variante, afin de diminuer les frottements et d'éliminer tout risque d'arrachement de la paroi cylindrique 23 par la lèvre 36 du piston 18b au niveau de l'assemblage des tronçons 23a, 23b et 23c , l'on peut réaliser ceux-ci avec un diamètre interne différent. Par exemple, le tronçon 23c pourrait présenter un diamètre interne légèrement supérieur au diamètre interne du tronçon précédent 23b qui lui même pourrait présenter un diamètre légèrement supérieur au diamètre interne du tronçon 23a. La variation de diamètre serait très faible et de l'ordre de quelques dizièmes de millimètres, ainsi l'étanchéité serait toujours réalisée grâce à la capacité de déformation de la lèvre 36 et de la cloison 27 qui est plus importante que la variation des diamètres. En variante, il est bien entendu possible de réaliser une paroi cylindrique qui présenterait une très légère conicité au niveau de son diamètre interne, le plus grand diamètre étant situé sur le tronçon 23c vers la partie arrière du tube de l'arme.As a variant, in order to reduce friction and eliminate any risk the cylindrical wall 23 is torn off by the lip 36 of the piston 18b at assembling sections 23a, 23b and 23c, these can be made with a diameter different internal. For example, the section 23c could have an internal diameter slightly greater than the internal diameter of the previous section 23b which itself could have a diameter slightly greater than the internal diameter of the section 23a. The variation in diameter would be very small and of the order of a few tenths of millimeters, thus sealing would always be achieved thanks to the ability to deformation of the lip 36 and of the partition 27 which is greater than the variation diameters. As a variant, it is of course possible to produce a wall cylindrical which would have a very slight taper at the level of its internal diameter, the largest diameter being located on the section 23c towards the rear part of the tube tear.

Enfin et pour des facilités de réalisation, il est bien entendu possible de réaliser la paroi cylindrique 23 en un seul tronçon ou en deux tronçons, les tronçons 23b et 23c pouvant être assemblés pour n'en former qu'un seul.Finally and for ease of realization, it is of course possible to realize the cylindrical wall 23 in a single section or in two sections, the sections 23b and 23c can be assembled to form one.

Claims (16)

  1. A recoilless weapon bearing a dispersible countermass system designed to be installed in a weapon barrel (2) and ejected on firing through a rear portion thereof by a piston (18b) driven by the pressure of the combustion gases of a propellant charge while a projectile (4) is simultaneously being launched towards the front portion of the barrel, the dispersible countermass comprising a housing made of a case (13) and an end (14) placed near the piston (18b), the housing delimiting an internal space filled with a charge of dispersible and inert matter (16), characterised by the fact that the case (13) is formed by a cylindrical wall (23) that fits inside the barrel (2) and that is prevented from moving in the translation relative thereto, and by the fact that the cover (15) is connected to the case (13) by connection means that are ruptured by the piston (18b) on firing, the end (14) is made of a partition (27) connected to the case (13) by connection means that are ruptured by the piston (18b) on firing, the case (13) thus serving to guide the piston (18b) which peripheral rim (35) remains in contact with the case (13) so as to provide sealing for the gases, the piston (18b) thus serving to eject the inert matter (16) from the barrel (2).
  2. A weapon according to claim 1, characterised by the fact that the cylindrical wall (23) and the partition (27) are formed integrally with each other, the partition (27) including at least one line of weakness (24) defined by the wall.
  3. A weapon according to claim 1 or 2, characterised by the fact that the cover (15) is connected to the case (13) by adhesive.
  4. A weapon according to any of the claims 1 to 3, characterised by the fact that the cylindrical wall (23) has a rearward extension (22) co-operating with the partition (27) to form a cup (17) in which the piston (18b) is received.
  5. A weapon according to any of the claims 1 to 4, characterised by the fact that the charge of the inert matter (16) is a liquid made up of water and an antifreeze agent.
  6. A weapon according to claim 5, characterised by the fact that the antifreeze agent is calcium chloride.
  7. A weapon according to any of the claims 1 to 6, characterised by the fact that the material constituting the wall (23), the partition (27), and the cover (15) is a plastics material of the polyphenylene oxide type.
  8. A weapon according to any of the claims 4 to 7, characterised by the fact that the cylindrical wall (23) is installed in a larger diameter portion (19) formed in the rear portion of the barrel, which larger diameter portion has a diameter such that the inside diameter of the wall (23) installed in the barrel (2) is equal to the inside diameter for guiding the projectile (20) at the front end of the barrel, and by the fact that the end of the rearward extension (22) of the wall (23) bears against a shoulder (25) of the barrel, which shoulder interconnects the larger diameter portion (19) with the projectile guiding inner diameter (20).
  9. A weapon according to any of the claims 1 to 8, characterised by the fact that the cylindrical wall (23) is made up of three lengths (23a, 23b, 23c) that are secured to one another.
  10. A weapon according to any of the claims 1 to 9, characterised by the fact that the cylindrical wall (23) is extended to the rear portion of the barrel by a spacer (21) prevented from moving in translation relative thereto and having the same inside diameter as the wall.
  11. A weapon according to claim 10, characterised by the fact that the spacer (21) serves to ensure that the wall and the weapon barrel are prevented from moving in translation relative to each other.
  12. A weapon according to any of the claims 1 to 11, characterised by the fact that the cover (15) is in the form of a cone converging towards the rear portion of the weapon barrel, and including a filling orifice (30) fitted with a closure screw (31) and with a sealing washer (32).
  13. A weapon according to claim 12, characterised by the fact that the cover (15) has a wall that is corrugated, enabling it to accommodate expansion of the liquid caused by variations in temperature.
  14. A weapon according to any of the claims 1 to 13, characterised by the fact that the piston (18b) includes a sealing device preventing any leakage of the inert matter (16).
  15. A weapon according to claim 14, characterised by the fact that the inert matter sealing device of the piston (18b) comprises a lip (36) put into contact with the case (13) by the pressure of the inert matter on firing, and enabling dynamic sealing to be provides.
  16. A weapon according to claim 14 or 15, characterised by the fact that the inert matter sealing device of the piston comprises a gasket disposed in a groove formed in the outside diameter of the piston (18b), and enabling both dynamic and static sealing to be provided.
EP94402928A 1993-12-22 1994-12-19 Dispersable countermass for recoilless weapons Expired - Lifetime EP0660066B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9315418A FR2714165B1 (en) 1993-12-22 1993-12-22 Dispersible counterweight system for recoilless weapon.
FR9315418 1993-12-22

Publications (2)

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EP0660066A1 EP0660066A1 (en) 1995-06-28
EP0660066B1 true EP0660066B1 (en) 1999-03-10

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US (1) US5551330A (en)
EP (1) EP0660066B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69416976T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2130380T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2714165B1 (en)
IL (1) IL112105A (en)
ZA (1) ZA9410164B (en)

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IL112105A (en) 1998-01-04
US5551330A (en) 1996-09-03
DE69416976D1 (en) 1999-04-15
ES2130380T3 (en) 1999-07-01
DE69416976T2 (en) 1999-07-01
FR2714165A1 (en) 1995-06-23
EP0660066A1 (en) 1995-06-28
IL112105A0 (en) 1995-03-15
ZA9410164B (en) 1995-08-24
FR2714165B1 (en) 1996-02-09

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