EP0660066A1 - Dispersable countermass for recoilless weapons - Google Patents

Dispersable countermass for recoilless weapons Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0660066A1
EP0660066A1 EP94402928A EP94402928A EP0660066A1 EP 0660066 A1 EP0660066 A1 EP 0660066A1 EP 94402928 A EP94402928 A EP 94402928A EP 94402928 A EP94402928 A EP 94402928A EP 0660066 A1 EP0660066 A1 EP 0660066A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
counter
piston
mass system
wall
tube
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Granted
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EP94402928A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0660066B1 (en
Inventor
Marc Reuche
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Luchaire Defense SA
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Luchaire Defense SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A1/00—Missile propulsion characterised by the use of explosive or combustible propellant charges
    • F41A1/08—Recoilless guns, i.e. guns having propulsion means producing no recoil
    • F41A1/10—Recoilless guns, i.e. guns having propulsion means producing no recoil a counter projectile being used to balance recoil

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of counter-masses for recoilless weapons.
  • counter-masses also called reaction masses
  • reaction masses include a charge of inert material intended to balance the momentum during the shot in order to eliminate recoil.
  • a counter-mass is ejected by a propellant charge towards the rear of the weapon at the same time as a projectile is launched towards the front.
  • the counterweights generally used are made up of solids which can be fragmented at the exit from the barrel of the weapon, solids produced for example in the form of a bundle of plastic filaments.
  • the subject of the invention is a dispersible counter-mass system for a recoilless weapon, intended to be placed in a barrel of the weapon and to be ejected when fired at a rear part thereof by a piston pushed by the combustion gas pressure of a propellant charge at the same time as a projectile is launched towards a front part of the tube.
  • This system comprising a charge of an inert and dispersible material placed inside an envelope closed by a cover and a bottom is characterized in that the envelope is formed by a cylindrical wall fitted in the tube and secured in translation with the latter and in that the cover is linked to the envelope by a connecting means broken by the piston during firing, the envelope ensuring the guidance of the piston, a peripheral rim of which remains in contact with the envelope so as to ensure gas tightness, the piston thus ejecting the inert material from the tube.
  • the bottom may be formed by the piston or by a partition linked to the envelope by a connecting means broken by the piston during firing.
  • the cylindrical wall and the partition form a single piece, the partition comprising at least one breaking point delimited by the wall.
  • the cover is bonded to the envelope by gluing and the cylindrical wall has a rear extension forming with the partition a bowl receiving the piston.
  • the inert material charge is a liquid composed of water and an anti-freeze agent such as calcium chloride.
  • the constituent material of the wall, the partition and the cover is a plastic material of the polyphenylene oxide type.
  • the cylindrical wall is put in place in a clearance arranged at the rear part of the tube, a clearance having a diameter such that the internal diameter of the wall placed in the tube is equal to the internal guide diameter of the projectile at the front part of the tube and the end of the rear extension of the wall is in abutment against a shoulder of the tube, shoulder connecting the clearance to the internal guide diameter of the projectile.
  • the cylindrical wall is formed by three sections made integral with each other.
  • the cylindrical wall can be extended to the rear part of the tube by a spacer integral in translation with the latter and of the same internal diameter as the wall.
  • the spacer can secure the translation of the wall and the barrel of the weapon.
  • the cover has a conical shape converging towards the rear part of the barrel of the weapon and comprises a filling orifice equipped with a closing screw and a sealing washer.
  • the cover has a corrugated wall making it possible to contain the expansions of the liquid caused by the variations in temperature.
  • the piston has a sealing device preventing any leakage of inert material.
  • the sealing device comprises, according to a first variant, a lip brought into contact with the envelope by the pressure of the inert material during firing, and making it possible to ensure dynamic sealing. It may also include a seal placed in a groove arranged on the external diameter of the piston, and making it possible to ensure a dynamic and static seal.
  • a recoilless weapon 1 comprises a cylindrical tube 2 of axis 3, which is produced for example by filament wound. Inside the tube are arranged a projectile 4, a case 5 containing a propellant charge and a dispersible counterweight 6.
  • the projectile 4 carries, at its rear part, stabilization fins which are not shown. They are folded along the body of the projectile and inside the tube 2 and deploy when the projectile leaves the tube.
  • the housing 5 comprises a tubular wall 8 closed by a rear wall 7 forming a single piece and a front wall 9.
  • the tubular wall 8, the rear wall 7 and the front wall 9 define an internal volume 10 intended to receive a propellant charge of known type of the single base or double base glitter powder type.
  • a black powder igniter of known type is also placed in the internal volume 10 at the level of the axis 3. It is connected by wires to a device for igniting the weapon.
  • the tubular wall 8 has at its median part an annular fracture initiator 12 of triangular profile intended to divide the housing into two pistons as will be explained later. Such a case is described in patent FR9212643.
  • the counter-mass 6 consists of an envelope 13, a bottom 14 and a cover 15 which delimit an internal volume filled with an inert material 16.
  • the envelope 13 consists of a cylindrical wall 23, adjusted in an internal diameter 20 of the tube 2 and made integral in translation with the latter, for example by gluing.
  • the bottom 14 consists of a partition 27.
  • the cylindrical wall 23 and the partition 27 form a single piece, and are delimited by a breaking point 24 which is intended to facilitate their separation.
  • the cover 15 closes the wall in its rear part to delimit an internal volume filled with the inert material 16. It has a conical shape converging towards the rear part of the weapon and has in its center a filling orifice 30 equipped with a closing screw 31 and a sealing washer 32. Such an arrangement promotes the filling of the inert material and in particular the evacuation of air.
  • the attachment of the cover to the envelope can be carried out for example by gluing.
  • the wall 23, the partition 27 and the cover 15 are made of a low density plastic material, for example between 0.9 and 1.2.
  • This material will for example be polyphenylene oxide sold under the registered trademark "Noryl".
  • the inert material for filling the counter-mass is a liquid, for example water, optionally added with an anti-freeze such as calcium chloride.
  • an anti-freeze such as calcium chloride.
  • the addition of calcium chloride allows the weapon to be used at temperatures below 0 ° C. In addition, its fairly high density reduces the volume of the counterweight.
  • the proportion of calcium chloride will preferably be around 30%.
  • the wall 23 has, beyond the partition 27, a rear extension 22 which forms a bowl 17.
  • This bowl is intended to receive in part the housing 5.
  • the latter has, on the projectile side, a bulge 26 of its corresponding outside diameter substantially at the internal diameter 20 of the tube 2.
  • the housing 5 is slidably mounted in the tube 2 and the cylindrical wall 23, and bears against the partition 27. It preferably has a low coefficient of friction between 0.15 and 0.25 and will be produced in plastic material of the polyethylene type.
  • the housing 5 has, at its rear wall 7, an annular machining 33 of triangular profile whose role will be explained later.
  • the igniter 11 When the igniter 11 is ignited, it in turn initiates the propellant charge which fills the internal volume 10.
  • the pressure which increases inside the box 5 has the effect of separating the latter, at the level of the 'breaking point 12, in two parts which will be called pistons 18a and 18b.
  • the breaking point 12 is located in the thinner zone of the housing, and opposite one end 34 of the rear extension 22 of the wall 23, the length of the piston 18b being substantially equal to the length of the rear extension 22.
  • Figure 2 shows the weapon at the time of this separation.
  • the igniter is no longer shown, its constituent elements having been fragmented by pressure.
  • the pressure of the gases pushes the projectile towards the front of the weapon in the direction X via the piston 18a.
  • the pressure exerted on the piston 18b has the effect of separating the partition 27 and the cylindrical wall 23 from the counter-mass at the level of the rupture initiator 24.
  • the pressure communicated to the liquid 16 via the piston breaks the cover 15 in small fragments.
  • the liquid 16 is pushed towards the rear of the weapon in the Y direction.
  • the wall 23 guides the piston 18b, a conical peripheral rim 35, coming from the initiation of rupture 12, remains in contact with the wall under the pressure generated by the combustion gases of the charge, so as to ensure a seal gas (see patent FR9212643 which describes such a piston).
  • FIG. 3 represents a second embodiment of the counterweight according to the invention.
  • a recoilless weapon 1 comprises a tube 2 inside which a projectile 4 is arranged, a case 5 containing a propellant charge and a counter-mass 6.
  • the tube 2 has two different internal diameters 19 and 20 connected together by a shoulder 25.
  • the internal diameter 20 for guiding the projectile is less than the clearance 19 located at the rear part of the tube 2.
  • the cylindrical wall 23 of the counterweight 6 is made integral with the tube 2, for example by gluing, at the clearance 19, the end of the rear extension 22 of the wall being in abutment against the shoulder 25.
  • the internal diameter of the cylindrical wall 23 is equal to the internal diameter 20 of the tube.
  • This variant facilitates the production of the housing 5 which now has only one external guide diameter with the tube 2 and the wall 23.
  • the housing guide is sliding in the cylindrical wall and the tube.
  • the wall 23 is extended to the rear part of the tube, at the level of the clearance 19, by a spacer 21.
  • the latter has the same internal diameter as the wall and it is made integral with the tube, in clearance 19, for example by gluing.
  • the spacer 21 improves the fastening in translation of the wall to the tube and therefore of the counter-mass.
  • Figure 4 shows the weapon at the time of the separation of the case into two pistons after ignition of the propellant charge.
  • the pressure of the gases pushes the projectile in the direction X via the piston 18a and the counter-mass 6 in the direction Y through the piston 18b.
  • the guiding of the piston 18b and the seal between the propellant charge and the liquid of the counter-mass are ensured up to the rear part of the barrel of the weapon by the spacer 21 whose internal diameter is equal. to the internal diameter of the cylindrical wall 23.
  • a counter-mass envelope having a cover 15 and a cylindrical wall 23 forming a single piece and a partition 27 made integral with the wall for example by bonding or ultrasonic welding.
  • the wall, the cover and the partition can also be made in one piece by molding or blowing.
  • cylindrical wall in several elements joined together, for example by gluing.
  • FIG. 5 represents a third embodiment of the counterweight according to the invention.
  • a recoilless weapon 1 comprises a tube 2 inside which a projectile 4 is arranged, a case 5 containing a propellant charge and a counter-mass 6.
  • the counterweight 6 forms a sub-assembly which can be made integral with the clearance 19 of the tube 2, for example by gluing.
  • the cylindrical wall 23 of the counterweight is produced in three sections 23a, 23b and 23c joined together, for example by gluing, at the level of thinning 40 of complementary shapes made on each of the three sections.
  • the rear extension 22 of the section 23a is in abutment against the shoulder 25 of the tube 2.
  • the bottom 14 consists of a partition 27 which forms with the section 23a a single piece.
  • the partition 27 has a breaking point 24 intended to facilitate its separation from the cylindrical wall 23.
  • the partition conforms to the shape of the piston 18b which has an internal cup 41 and an annular lip 36 at its external diameter.
  • the section 23b of the wall 23 is integral with the cover 15 and forms a single piece with the latter.
  • the cover has a corrugated wall which makes it possible to contain the variations in volume of the liquid 16, expansions which can occur following variations in temperature.
  • the section 23c of the wall 23 extends to the rear part of the tube, but as a variant it is possible to provide a shorter section 23c which would be extended by a spacer to the rear part of the tube, a spacer of the same diameter. internal than the cylindrical wall 23.
  • This alternative embodiment makes it possible in particular to produce the counter-mass in the form of a complete sub-assembly after assembly of the sections 23a, 23b and 23c, which can be introduced inside the barrel of the weapon and secured in translation with the latter.
  • Figure 6 shows the weapon at the time of the separation of the case into two pistons after ignition of the propellant charge.
  • the pressure of the gases pushes the projectile in the direction X via the piston 18a and the counter-mass 6 in the direction Y through the piston 18b.
  • the seal between the piston 18b and the liquid of the counter-mass is ensured by the annular lip 36 which, during the rise in pressure of the liquid generated at the start of the blow, comes into contact with the wall cylindrical 23.
  • This sealing is here further improved by the partition 27 which, after rupture, also has a lip which is applied against the walls of the envelope.
  • the section 23c could have an internal diameter slightly greater than the internal diameter of the previous section 23b which itself could have a diameter slightly greater than the internal diameter of the section 23a.
  • the variation in diameter would be very small and of the order of a few tenths of a millimeter, thus sealing would always be achieved thanks to the deformation capacity of the lip 36 and of the partition 27 which is greater than the variation of the diameters.
  • cylindrical wall 23 in a single section or in two sections, the sections 23b and 23c being able to be assembled so as to form only one.
  • FIG. 7 represents an alternative embodiment of the counterweight according to the invention.
  • the bottom 14 is constituted by the piston 18b itself.
  • the inert material is sealed between the piston 18b and the cylindrical wall 23 by means of a seal 28 placed in a circular groove 29 formed on the external diameter of the piston 18b.
  • a seal 28 placed in a circular groove 29 formed on the external diameter of the piston 18b.
  • This embodiment makes it possible to reduce the number of parts necessary for the production of the counter-mass and also the quantity of rear projections.
  • the piston can be made integral with the envelope, for example by a few bonding points.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Abstract

The technical sector of the invention is that of countermasses for recoilless weapons. The system according to the invention comprises a dispersible countermass intended to be placed in a barrel (2) of a weapon (1) and to be ejected during firing at a rear part of the latter by means of a piston (18b) pushed by the pressure of the combustion gases of a propellant charge, at the same time as a projectile (4) is launched towards a front part of the barrel, the said system comprising a charge of inert dispersible material (16) arranged inside a casing (13) closed by a cover (15) and a bottom (14), and being characterised in that the casing is fixed to the barrel of the weapon, and in that the cover is connected to the casing by a connection means broken by the piston during firing, the casing ensuring the guidance of the piston, a peripheral edge (35) of which remains in contact with the casing, so as to ensure gastightness, the piston thus ejecting the inert material out of the barrel. The invention is used in the field of recoilless weapons. <IMAGE>

Description

Le domaine technique de l'invention est celui des contre-masses pour armes sans recul.The technical field of the invention is that of counter-masses for recoilless weapons.

Ces contre-masses, également nommées masses de réaction, comprennent une charge de matière inerte destinée à assurer un équilibrage des quantités de mouvement lors du tir afin d'éliminer le recul. Pour celà, une contre-masse est éjectée par une charge propulsive vers l'arrière de l'arme en même temps qu'un projectile est lancé vers l'avant.These counter-masses, also called reaction masses, include a charge of inert material intended to balance the momentum during the shot in order to eliminate recoil. For this, a counter-mass is ejected by a propellant charge towards the rear of the weapon at the same time as a projectile is launched towards the front.

Les contre-masses généralement utilisées sont constituées de solides fragmentables à la sortie du tube de l'arme, solides réalisés par exemple sous forme d'un fagot de filaments en matière plastique.The counterweights generally used are made up of solids which can be fragmented at the exit from the barrel of the weapon, solids produced for example in the form of a bundle of plastic filaments.

L'inconvénient que présente ce type de contre-masse est d'engendrer un danger important à l'arrière de l'arme pour le tireur et les troupes amies.The disadvantage of this type of counterweight is that it creates a significant danger at the rear of the weapon for the shooter and the friendly troops.

A ce problème, ont été proposées diverses solutions. En particulier l'optimisation de la nature du matériau constitutif de la contre-masse en réduisant celle-ci sous forme de poudre, granules, etc...Various solutions have been proposed to this problem. In particular, the optimization of the nature of the material constituting the counter-mass by reducing the latter in the form of powder, granules, etc.

Mais celà nécessite l'utilisation d'un conteneur, comme le décrit le brevet FR2356904.But this requires the use of a container, as described in patent FR2356904.

Il se pose alors le problème de la sécurité arrière lors de l'éclatement du conteneur à la sortie du tube de l'arme.There then arises the problem of rear safety when the container bursts at the outlet of the barrel.

Il se pose également le problème de l'étanchéité entre le piston pousseur de la contre-masse et le tube de l'arme. En effet, au départ du coup, le conteneur qui est généralement réalisé en matériau précontraint comme le verre se brise en petits morceaux. Ces morceaux de verre très abrasifs peuvent se loger entre le piston et le tube de l'arme et ainsi nuire à l'étanchéité du système en provoquant des fuites néfastes au bon fonctionnement de l'arme.There is also the problem of sealing between the push piston of the counterweight and the barrel of the weapon. Indeed, at the start of the blow, the container which is generally made of pre-stressed material like glass breaks into small pieces. These very abrasive pieces of glass can become lodged between the piston and the barrel of the weapon and thus affect the tightness of the system by causing leaks harmful to the proper functioning of the weapon.

C'est le but de l'invention que de proposer un système de contre-masse permettant de pallier de tels inconvénients.It is the object of the invention to propose a counterweight system which overcomes such drawbacks.

Ainsi l'invention a pour objet un système de contre-masse dispersable pour une arme sans recul, destinée à être mise en place dans un tube de l'arme et à être éjectée lors du tir à une partie arrière de celui-ci par un piston poussé par la pression des gaz de combustion d'une charge propulsive en même temps qu'un projectile est lancé vers une partie avant du tube. Ce système comprenant une charge d'une matière inerte et dispersable disposée à l'intérieur d'une enveloppe fermée par un couvercle et un fond est caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe est formée par une paroi cylindrique ajustée dans le tube et solidarisée en translation avec ce dernier et en ce que le couvercle est lié à l'enveloppe par un moyen de liaison rompu par le piston lors du tir, l'enveloppe assurant le guidage du piston dont un rebord périphérique reste en contact avec l'enveloppe de façon à assurer une étanchéité aux gaz, le piston éjectant ainsi la matière inerte hors du tube.Thus, the subject of the invention is a dispersible counter-mass system for a recoilless weapon, intended to be placed in a barrel of the weapon and to be ejected when fired at a rear part thereof by a piston pushed by the combustion gas pressure of a propellant charge at the same time as a projectile is launched towards a front part of the tube. This system comprising a charge of an inert and dispersible material placed inside an envelope closed by a cover and a bottom is characterized in that the envelope is formed by a cylindrical wall fitted in the tube and secured in translation with the latter and in that the cover is linked to the envelope by a connecting means broken by the piston during firing, the envelope ensuring the guidance of the piston, a peripheral rim of which remains in contact with the envelope so as to ensure gas tightness, the piston thus ejecting the inert material from the tube.

Le fond peut être formé par le piston ou par une cloison liée à l'enveloppe par un moyen de liaison rompu par le piston lors du tir.The bottom may be formed by the piston or by a partition linked to the envelope by a connecting means broken by the piston during firing.

De manière préférentielle, la paroi cylindrique et la cloison forment une seule et même pièce, la cloison comportant au moins une amorce de rupture délimitée par la paroi.Preferably, the cylindrical wall and the partition form a single piece, the partition comprising at least one breaking point delimited by the wall.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques, le couvercle est lié à l'enveloppe par collage et la paroi cylindrique présente un prolongement arrière formant avec la cloison une cuvette recevant le piston.According to other characteristics, the cover is bonded to the envelope by gluing and the cylindrical wall has a rear extension forming with the partition a bowl receiving the piston.

La charge de matière inerte est un liquide composé d'eau et d'un agent anti-gel comme un chlorure de calcium.The inert material charge is a liquid composed of water and an anti-freeze agent such as calcium chloride.

Le matériau constitutif de la paroi, de la cloison et du couvercle est une matière plastique du type polyphénylène oxyde.The constituent material of the wall, the partition and the cover is a plastic material of the polyphenylene oxide type.

Selon une variante de réalisation, la paroi cylindrique est mise en place dans un dégagement aménagé à la partie arrière du tube, dégagement présentant un diamètre tel que le diamètre interne de la paroi mise en place dans le tube est égal au diamètre interne de guidage du projectile à la partie avant du tube et l'extrémité du prolongement arrière de la paroi est en appui contre un épaulement du tube, épaulement reliant le dégagement au diamètre interne de guidage du projectile.According to an alternative embodiment, the cylindrical wall is put in place in a clearance arranged at the rear part of the tube, a clearance having a diameter such that the internal diameter of the wall placed in the tube is equal to the internal guide diameter of the projectile at the front part of the tube and the end of the rear extension of the wall is in abutment against a shoulder of the tube, shoulder connecting the clearance to the internal guide diameter of the projectile.

Selon un mode préférentiel de réalisation, la paroi cylindrique est formée par trois tronçons rendus solidaires entre eux.According to a preferred embodiment, the cylindrical wall is formed by three sections made integral with each other.

La paroi cylindrique peut être prolongée, jusqu'à la partie arrière du tube, par une entretoise solidaire en translation de ce dernier et de même diamètre interne que la paroi.The cylindrical wall can be extended to the rear part of the tube by a spacer integral in translation with the latter and of the same internal diameter as the wall.

L'entretoise peut assurer la solidarisation en translation de la paroi et du tube de l'arme.The spacer can secure the translation of the wall and the barrel of the weapon.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques, le couvercle présente une forme conique convergente vers la partie arrière du tube de l'arme et comprend un orifice de remplissage équipé d'une vis de fermeture et d'une rondelle d'étanchéité.According to other characteristics, the cover has a conical shape converging towards the rear part of the barrel of the weapon and comprises a filling orifice equipped with a closing screw and a sealing washer.

Préférentiellement, le couvercle présente une paroi ondulée permettant de contenir les dilatations du liquide provoquées par les variations de température.Preferably, the cover has a corrugated wall making it possible to contain the expansions of the liquid caused by the variations in temperature.

Le piston comporte un dispositif d'étanchéité empêchant toute fuite de matière inerte. Le dispositif d'étanchéité comprend, selon un première variante, une lèvre mise en contact de l'enveloppe par la pression de la matière inerte lors du tir, et permettant d'assurer une étanchéité dynamique. Il peut comprendre également un joint disposé dans une rainure aménagée sur le diamètre externe du piston, et permettant d'assurer une étanchéité dynamique et statique.The piston has a sealing device preventing any leakage of inert material. The sealing device comprises, according to a first variant, a lip brought into contact with the envelope by the pressure of the inert material during firing, and making it possible to ensure dynamic sealing. It may also include a seal placed in a groove arranged on the external diameter of the piston, and making it possible to ensure a dynamic and static seal.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description de modes particuliers de réalisation, description faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels:

  • la figure 1 représente en coupe une arme sans recul comportant une contre-masse selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention.
  • la figure 2 est une vue analogue de la précédente qui montre la contre-masse après mise à feu de la charge propulsive.
  • la figure 3 représente un deuxième mode de réalisation d'une contre-masse selon l'invention.
  • la figure 4 est une vue analogue de la précédente qui montre la contre-masse après mise à feu de la charge propulsive.
  • la figure 5 représente un troisième mode de réalisation d'une contre-masse selon l'invention.
  • la figure 6 est une vue analogue de la précédente qui montre la contre-masse après mise à feu de la charge propulsive.
  • la figure 7 représente une variante de réalisation de la contre-masse selon l'invention.
The invention will be better understood on reading the description of particular embodiments, description made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 shows in section a recoilless weapon comprising a counter-mass according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a similar view of the previous one which shows the counter-mass after firing of the propellant charge.
  • FIG. 3 represents a second embodiment of a counterweight according to the invention.
  • Figure 4 is a similar view of the previous one which shows the counter-mass after firing of the propellant charge.
  • FIG. 5 represents a third embodiment of a counterweight according to the invention.
  • Figure 6 is a similar view of the previous one which shows the counter-mass after firing of the propellant charge.
  • FIG. 7 represents an alternative embodiment of the counterweight according to the invention.

En se reportant à la figure 1, la partie médiane d'une arme sans recul 1 est représentée schématiquement en coupe. Cette arme comprend un tube 2 cylindrique d'axe 3, qui est réalisé par exemple en enroulé filamentaire. A l'intérieur du tube sont disposés un projectile 4, un boitier 5 contenant une charge propulsive et une contre-masse dispersable 6.Referring to Figure 1, the middle part of a recoilless weapon 1 is shown schematically in section. This weapon comprises a cylindrical tube 2 of axis 3, which is produced for example by filament wound. Inside the tube are arranged a projectile 4, a case 5 containing a propellant charge and a dispersible counterweight 6.

Le projectile 4 porte à sa partie arrière des ailettes de stabilisation non représentées. Elles sont repliées le long du corps du projectile et à l'intérieur du tube 2 et se déploient lorsque le projectile sort du tube.The projectile 4 carries, at its rear part, stabilization fins which are not shown. They are folded along the body of the projectile and inside the tube 2 and deploy when the projectile leaves the tube.

Le boitier 5 comprend une paroi tubulaire 8 fermée par une paroi arrière 7 formant une seule et même pièce et une paroi avant 9.The housing 5 comprises a tubular wall 8 closed by a rear wall 7 forming a single piece and a front wall 9.

La paroi tubulaire 8, la paroi arrière 7 et la paroi avant 9 délimitent un volume interne 10 destiné à recevoir une charge propulsive de type connu du genre poudre à paillettes simple base ou double base.The tubular wall 8, the rear wall 7 and the front wall 9 define an internal volume 10 intended to receive a propellant charge of known type of the single base or double base glitter powder type.

Un allumeur 11 à poudre noire de type connu est également disposé dans le volume interne 10 au niveau de l'axe 3. Il est relié par des fils à un dispositif de mise à feu de l'arme.A black powder igniter of known type is also placed in the internal volume 10 at the level of the axis 3. It is connected by wires to a device for igniting the weapon.

La paroi tubulaire 8 présente au niveau de sa partie médiane une amorce de rupture annulaire 12 de profil triangulaire destinée à partager le boitier en deux pistons comme il sera expliqué par la suite. Un tel boitier est décrit dans le brevet FR9212643.The tubular wall 8 has at its median part an annular fracture initiator 12 of triangular profile intended to divide the housing into two pistons as will be explained later. Such a case is described in patent FR9212643.

La contre-masse 6 est constituée d'une enveloppe 13, d'un fond 14 et d'un couvercle 15 qui délimitent un volume interne rempli d'une matière inerte 16. L'enveloppe 13 est constituée d'une paroi cylindrique 23, ajustée dans un diamètre interne 20 du tube 2 et rendue solidaire en translation de ce dernier, par exemple par collage. Le fond 14 est constitué d'une cloison 27. La paroi cylindrique 23 et la cloison 27 forment une seule et même pièce, et sont délimitées par une amorce de rupture 24 qui est destinée à faciliter leur séparation.The counter-mass 6 consists of an envelope 13, a bottom 14 and a cover 15 which delimit an internal volume filled with an inert material 16. The envelope 13 consists of a cylindrical wall 23, adjusted in an internal diameter 20 of the tube 2 and made integral in translation with the latter, for example by gluing. The bottom 14 consists of a partition 27. The cylindrical wall 23 and the partition 27 form a single piece, and are delimited by a breaking point 24 which is intended to facilitate their separation.

Le couvercle 15 vient fermer la paroi dans sa partie arrière pour délimiter un volume interne rempli de la matière inerte 16. Il présente une forme conique convergente vers la partie arrière de l'arme et possède en son centre un orifice de remplissage 30 équipé d'une vis de fermeture 31 et d'une rondelle d'étanchéité 32. Une telle disposition favorise le remplissage de la matière inerte et en particulier l'évacuation de l'air. La solidarisation du couvercle sur l'enveloppe peut être effectuée par exemple par collage.The cover 15 closes the wall in its rear part to delimit an internal volume filled with the inert material 16. It has a conical shape converging towards the rear part of the weapon and has in its center a filling orifice 30 equipped with a closing screw 31 and a sealing washer 32. Such an arrangement promotes the filling of the inert material and in particular the evacuation of air. The attachment of the cover to the envelope can be carried out for example by gluing.

La paroi 23, la cloison 27 et le couvercle 15 sont réalisés en une matière plastique de faible densité, par exemple comprise entre 0,9 et 1,2. Ce matériau sera par exemple du polyphénylène oxyde commercialisé sous la marque déposé "Noryl".The wall 23, the partition 27 and the cover 15 are made of a low density plastic material, for example between 0.9 and 1.2. This material will for example be polyphenylene oxide sold under the registered trademark "Noryl".

La matière inerte de remplissage de la contre-masse est un liquide par exemple de l'eau éventuellement additionné d'un anti-gel comme le chlorure de calcium. L'addition de chlorure de calcium permet l'utilisation de l'arme à des températures inférieures à 0°C. De plus, sa densité assez élevée permet de réduire le volume de la contre-masse. La proportion du chlorure de calcium sera, de manière préférentielle, de l'ordre de 30 %.The inert material for filling the counter-mass is a liquid, for example water, optionally added with an anti-freeze such as calcium chloride. The addition of calcium chloride allows the weapon to be used at temperatures below 0 ° C. In addition, its fairly high density reduces the volume of the counterweight. The proportion of calcium chloride will preferably be around 30%.

La paroi 23 présente, au delà de la cloison 27, un prolongement arrière 22 qui forme une cuvette 17. Cette cuvette est destinée à recevoir en partie le boitier 5. Ce dernier présente, du côté projectile, un renflement 26 de son diamètre extérieur correspondant sensiblement au diamètre interne 20 du tube 2.The wall 23 has, beyond the partition 27, a rear extension 22 which forms a bowl 17. This bowl is intended to receive in part the housing 5. The latter has, on the projectile side, a bulge 26 of its corresponding outside diameter substantially at the internal diameter 20 of the tube 2.

Le boitier 5 est monté glissant dans le tube 2 et la paroi cylindrique 23, et vient en appui contre la cloison 27. Il présente, de manière préférentielle, un coefficient de frottement faible compris entre 0,15 et 0,25 et sera réalisé en matière plastique du genre polyéthylène.The housing 5 is slidably mounted in the tube 2 and the cylindrical wall 23, and bears against the partition 27. It preferably has a low coefficient of friction between 0.15 and 0.25 and will be produced in plastic material of the polyethylene type.

Le boitier 5 présente, au niveau de sa paroi arrière 7, un usinage annulaire 33 de profil triangulaire dont le rôle sera précisé par la suite.The housing 5 has, at its rear wall 7, an annular machining 33 of triangular profile whose role will be explained later.

Le fonctionnement de la contre-masse selon l'invention est le suivant:The operation of the counterweight according to the invention is as follows:

Lorsque l'allumeur 11 est mis à feu, il initie à son tour la charge propulsive qui rempli le volume interne 10. La pression qui s'accroit à l'intérieur du boitier 5 a pour effet de séparer ce dernier, au niveau de l'amorce de rupture 12, en deux parties que l'on nommera pistons 18a et 18b.When the igniter 11 is ignited, it in turn initiates the propellant charge which fills the internal volume 10. The pressure which increases inside the box 5 has the effect of separating the latter, at the level of the 'breaking point 12, in two parts which will be called pistons 18a and 18b.

De manière avantageuse, l'amorce de rupture 12 est située dans la zône de moindre épaisseur du boitier, et en regard d'une extrémité 34 du prolongement arrière 22 de la paroi 23, la longueur du piston 18b étant sensiblement égale à la longueur du prolongement arrière 22.Advantageously, the breaking point 12 is located in the thinner zone of the housing, and opposite one end 34 of the rear extension 22 of the wall 23, the length of the piston 18b being substantially equal to the length of the rear extension 22.

La figure 2 montre l'arme au moment de cette séparation.Figure 2 shows the weapon at the time of this separation.

L'allumeur n'est plus représenté, ses éléments constitutifs ayant été fragmentés par la pression.The igniter is no longer shown, its constituent elements having been fragmented by pressure.

La pression des gaz pousse le projectile vers l'avant de l'arme dans la direction X par l'intermédiaire du piston 18a.The pressure of the gases pushes the projectile towards the front of the weapon in the direction X via the piston 18a.

La pression exercée sur le piston 18b a pour effet de séparer la cloison 27 et la paroi cylindrique 23 de la contre-masse au niveau de l'amorce de rupture 24. La pression communiquée au liquide 16 par l'intermédiaire du piston, brise le couvercle 15 en petits fragments. Le liquide 16 est poussé vers l'arrière de l'arme dans la direction Y.The pressure exerted on the piston 18b has the effect of separating the partition 27 and the cylindrical wall 23 from the counter-mass at the level of the rupture initiator 24. The pressure communicated to the liquid 16 via the piston, breaks the cover 15 in small fragments. The liquid 16 is pushed towards the rear of the weapon in the Y direction.

La paroi 23 assure le guidage du piston 18b dont un rebord périphérique conique 35, provenant de l'amorce de rupture 12, reste en contact avec la paroi sous la pression engendrée par les gaz de combustion de la charge, de façon à assurer une étanchéité aux gaz (voir le brevet FR9212643 qui décrit un tel piston).The wall 23 guides the piston 18b, a conical peripheral rim 35, coming from the initiation of rupture 12, remains in contact with the wall under the pressure generated by the combustion gases of the charge, so as to ensure a seal gas (see patent FR9212643 which describes such a piston).

La pression des gaz de combustion plaque le piston 18b contre la paroi cylindrique 23 améliorant ainsi la solidarisation de cette dernière au tube 2.The pressure of the combustion gases presses the piston 18b against the cylindrical wall 23 thus improving the connection of the latter to the tube 2.

La montée en pression de la matière inerte, engendrée au départ du coup, permet d'assurer une étanchéité à la matière inerte par contact de la lèvre 36 de l'usinage annulaire 33 contre la paroi cylindrique 23.The rise in pressure of the inert material, generated at the start of the stroke, makes it possible to seal the inert material by contacting the lip 36 of the annular machining 33 against the cylindrical wall 23.

Sous l'effet de la vitesse d'éjection importante du liquide, ce dernier se vaporise en fines gouttelettes à la sortie du tube de l'arme.Under the effect of the high ejection speed of the liquid, the latter vaporizes in fine droplets at the outlet of the barrel of the weapon.

Dans les projections arrières, seules deux parois constitutives de la contre-masse sont éjectées: la cloison 27 et le couvercle 15, la paroi cylindrique 23 restant solidaire du tube. Ceux-ci étant réalisés dans un matériau de faible densité et d'une épaisseur faible de l'ordre de 1 à 2 mm, le danger arrière est minimisé.In the rear projections, only two walls constituting the counter-mass are ejected: the partition 27 and the cover 15, the cylindrical wall 23 remaining integral with the tube. These being made of a material of low density and a thin thickness of the order of 1 to 2 mm, the rear danger is minimized.

La figure 3 représente un second mode de réalisation de la contre-masse selon l'invention.FIG. 3 represents a second embodiment of the counterweight according to the invention.

Comme le mode de réalisation précédent, une arme sans recul 1 comprend un tube 2 à l'intérieur duquel sont disposés un projectile 4, un boitier 5 contenant une charge propulsive et une contre-masse 6.Like the previous embodiment, a recoilless weapon 1 comprises a tube 2 inside which a projectile 4 is arranged, a case 5 containing a propellant charge and a counter-mass 6.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, le tube 2 présente deux diamètres internes différents 19 et 20 reliés entre eux par un épaulement 25. Le diamètre interne 20 de guidage du projectile est inférieur au dégagement 19 situé à la partie arrière du tube 2.In this embodiment, the tube 2 has two different internal diameters 19 and 20 connected together by a shoulder 25. The internal diameter 20 for guiding the projectile is less than the clearance 19 located at the rear part of the tube 2.

La paroi cylindrique 23 de la contre-masse 6 est rendue solidaire du tube 2, par exemple par collage, au niveau du dégagement 19, l'extrémité du prolongement arrière 22 de la paroi étant en appui contre l'épaulement 25. Le diamètre interne de la paroi cylindrique 23 est égal au diamètre interne 20 du tube.The cylindrical wall 23 of the counterweight 6 is made integral with the tube 2, for example by gluing, at the clearance 19, the end of the rear extension 22 of the wall being in abutment against the shoulder 25. The internal diameter of the cylindrical wall 23 is equal to the internal diameter 20 of the tube.

Cette variante facilite la réalisation du boitier 5 qui ne présente plus qu'un seul diamètre externe de guidage avec le tube 2 et la paroi 23. Le guidage du boitier est glissant dans la paroi cylindrique et le tube.This variant facilitates the production of the housing 5 which now has only one external guide diameter with the tube 2 and the wall 23. The housing guide is sliding in the cylindrical wall and the tube.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, la paroi 23 est prolongée jusqu'à la partie arrière du tube, au niveau du dégagement 19, par une entretoise 21. Celle-ci présente le même diamètre interne que la paroi et elle est rendue solidaire du tube, dans le dégagement 19, par exemple par collage.In this embodiment, the wall 23 is extended to the rear part of the tube, at the level of the clearance 19, by a spacer 21. The latter has the same internal diameter as the wall and it is made integral with the tube, in clearance 19, for example by gluing.

L'entretoise 21 permet d'améliorer la solidarisation en translation de la paroi au tube et par conséquent de la contre-masse.The spacer 21 improves the fastening in translation of the wall to the tube and therefore of the counter-mass.

En variante, il est possible d'assurer la solidarisation de la paroi 23 uniquement par l'entretoise 21 qui sera collée dans le dégagement 19 du tube 2.As a variant, it is possible to secure the wall 23 only by the spacer 21 which will be stuck in the clearance 19 of the tube 2.

La figure 4 montre l'arme au moment de la séparation du boitier en deux pistons après allumage de la charge propulsive.Figure 4 shows the weapon at the time of the separation of the case into two pistons after ignition of the propellant charge.

La pression des gaz pousse le projectile dans la direction X par l'intermédiaire du piston 18a et la contre-masse 6 dans la direction Y par l'intermédiaire du piston 18b.The pressure of the gases pushes the projectile in the direction X via the piston 18a and the counter-mass 6 in the direction Y through the piston 18b.

Dans cette variante, le guidage du piston 18b et l'étanchéité entre la charge propulsive et le liquide de la contre-masse sont assurés jusqu'à la partie arrière du tube de l'arme par l'entretoise 21 dont le diamètre interne est égal au diamètre interne de la paroi cylindrique 23.In this variant, the guiding of the piston 18b and the seal between the propellant charge and the liquid of the counter-mass are ensured up to the rear part of the barrel of the weapon by the spacer 21 whose internal diameter is equal. to the internal diameter of the cylindrical wall 23.

A titre de variante, il est bien entendu possible de réaliser une enveloppe de contre-masse présentant un couvercle 15 et une paroi cylindrique 23 formant une seule et même pièce et une cloison 27 rendue solidaire de la paroi par exemple par collage ou soudure ultrason. La paroi, le couvercle et la cloison peuvent également être réalisés d'une seule pièce par moulage ou soufflage.As a variant, it is of course possible to produce a counter-mass envelope having a cover 15 and a cylindrical wall 23 forming a single piece and a partition 27 made integral with the wall for example by bonding or ultrasonic welding. The wall, the cover and the partition can also be made in one piece by molding or blowing.

Il est également envisageable de prévoir la réalisation d'un piston équipé d'une forme emporte-pièce destinée à assurer ou à améliorer la séparation entre la cloison et la paroi de la contre-masse sous la pression du piston lors de la mise à feu.It is also conceivable to provide for the production of a piston equipped with a cookie cutter form intended to ensure or improve the separation between the partition and the wall of the counterweight under the pressure of the piston during firing. .

Il est possible également de réaliser la paroi cylindrique en plusieurs éléments solidarisés entre eux par exemple par collage.It is also possible to produce the cylindrical wall in several elements joined together, for example by gluing.

La figure 5 représente un troisième mode de réalisation de la contre-masse selon l'invention.FIG. 5 represents a third embodiment of the counterweight according to the invention.

Comme le mode de réalisation précédent, une arme sans recul 1 comprend un tube 2 à l'intérieur duquel sont disposés un projectile 4, un boitier 5 contenant une charge propulsive et une contre-masse 6.Like the previous embodiment, a recoilless weapon 1 comprises a tube 2 inside which a projectile 4 is arranged, a case 5 containing a propellant charge and a counter-mass 6.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, la contre-masse 6 forme un sous-ensemble qui peut être rendu solidaire du dégagement 19 du tube 2 par exemple par collage.In this embodiment, the counterweight 6 forms a sub-assembly which can be made integral with the clearance 19 of the tube 2, for example by gluing.

La paroi cylindrique 23 de la contre-masse est réalisée en trois tronçons 23a, 23b et 23c solidarisés entre eux, par exemple par collage, au niveau d'amincissements 40 de formes complémentaires réalisés sur chacun des trois tronçons.The cylindrical wall 23 of the counterweight is produced in three sections 23a, 23b and 23c joined together, for example by gluing, at the level of thinning 40 of complementary shapes made on each of the three sections.

Le prolongement arrière 22 du tronçon 23a est en butée contre l'épaulement 25 du tube 2. Le fond 14 est constitué d'une cloison 27 qui forme avec le tronçon 23a une seule et même pièce. La cloison 27 présente une amorce de rupture 24 destinée à faciliter sa séparation d'avec la paroi cylindrique 23.The rear extension 22 of the section 23a is in abutment against the shoulder 25 of the tube 2. The bottom 14 consists of a partition 27 which forms with the section 23a a single piece. The partition 27 has a breaking point 24 intended to facilitate its separation from the cylindrical wall 23.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, la cloison vient épouser la forme du piston 18b qui présente une cuvette interne 41 et une lèvre annulaire 36 au niveau de son diamètre externe.In this embodiment, the partition conforms to the shape of the piston 18b which has an internal cup 41 and an annular lip 36 at its external diameter.

Le tronçon 23b de la paroi 23 est solidaire du couvercle 15 et forme une seule et même pièce avec ce dernier. Le couvercle présente une paroi ondulée qui permet de contenir les variations de volume du liquide 16, dilatations pouvant intervenir suite à des variations de température.The section 23b of the wall 23 is integral with the cover 15 and forms a single piece with the latter. The cover has a corrugated wall which makes it possible to contain the variations in volume of the liquid 16, expansions which can occur following variations in temperature.

Le tronçon 23c de la paroi 23 se prolonge jusqu'à la partie arrière du tube, mais en variante il est possible de prévoir un tronçon 23c plus court qui serait prolongé par une entretoise jusqu'à la partie arrière du tube, entretoise de même diamètre interne que la paroi cylindrique 23.The section 23c of the wall 23 extends to the rear part of the tube, but as a variant it is possible to provide a shorter section 23c which would be extended by a spacer to the rear part of the tube, a spacer of the same diameter. internal than the cylindrical wall 23.

Cette variante de réalisation permet notamment de réaliser la contre-masse sous forme d'un sous-ensemble complet après assemblage des tronçons 23a, 23b et 23c, que l'on peut introduire à l'intérieur du tube de l'arme et solidariser en translation avec ce dernier.This alternative embodiment makes it possible in particular to produce the counter-mass in the form of a complete sub-assembly after assembly of the sections 23a, 23b and 23c, which can be introduced inside the barrel of the weapon and secured in translation with the latter.

La figure 6 montre l'arme au moment de la séparation du boitier en deux pistons après allumage de la charge propulsive.Figure 6 shows the weapon at the time of the separation of the case into two pistons after ignition of the propellant charge.

La pression des gaz pousse le projectile dans la direction X par l'intermédiaire du piston 18a et la contre-masse 6 dans la direction Y par l'intermédiaire du piston 18b.The pressure of the gases pushes the projectile in the direction X via the piston 18a and the counter-mass 6 in the direction Y through the piston 18b.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, l'étanchéité entre le piston 18b et le liquide de la contre-masse est assuré par la lèvre annulaire 36 qui, lors de la montée en pression du liquide engendrée au départ du coup, vient en contact de la paroi cylindrique 23. Cette étanchéité est ici encore améliorée par la cloison 27 qui, après rupture, présente également une lèvre venant s'appliquer contre les parois de l'enveloppe.In this embodiment, the seal between the piston 18b and the liquid of the counter-mass is ensured by the annular lip 36 which, during the rise in pressure of the liquid generated at the start of the blow, comes into contact with the wall cylindrical 23. This sealing is here further improved by the partition 27 which, after rupture, also has a lip which is applied against the walls of the envelope.

A titre de variante, afin de diminuer les frottements et d'éliminer tout risque d'arrachement de la paroi cylindrique 23 par la lèvre 36 du piston 18b au niveau de l'assemblage des tronçons 23a, 23b et 23c, l'on peut réaliser ceux-ci avec un diamètre interne différent. Par exemple, le tronçon 23c pourrait présenter un diamètre interne légèrement supérieur au diamètre interne du tronçon précédent 23b qui lui même pourrait présenter un diamètre légèrement supérieur au diamètre interne du tronçon 23a. La variation de diamètre serait très faible et de l'ordre de quelques dizièmes de millimètres, ainsi l'étanchéité serait toujours réalisée grâce à la capacité de déformation de la lèvre 36 et de la cloison 27 qui est plus importante que la variation des diamètres. En variante, il est bien entendu possible de réaliser une paroi cylindrique qui présenterait une très légère conicité au niveau de son diamètre interne, le plus grand diamètre étant situé sur le tronçon 23c vers la partie arrière du tube de l'arme.Alternatively, in order to reduce friction and eliminate any risk of the cylindrical wall 23 being torn off by the lip 36 of the piston 18b at the level of the assembly of the sections 23a, 23b and 23c, it is possible to carry out these with a different internal diameter. For example, the section 23c could have an internal diameter slightly greater than the internal diameter of the previous section 23b which itself could have a diameter slightly greater than the internal diameter of the section 23a. The variation in diameter would be very small and of the order of a few tenths of a millimeter, thus sealing would always be achieved thanks to the deformation capacity of the lip 36 and of the partition 27 which is greater than the variation of the diameters. As a variant, it is of course possible to produce a cylindrical wall which would have a very slight taper at the level of its internal diameter, the largest diameter being located on the section 23c towards the rear part of the barrel of the weapon.

Enfin et pour des facilités de réalisation, il est bien entendu possible de réaliser la paroi cylindrique 23 en un seul tronçon ou en deux tronçons, les tronçons 23b et 23c pouvant être assemblés pour n'en former qu'un seul.Finally and for ease of production, it is of course possible to produce the cylindrical wall 23 in a single section or in two sections, the sections 23b and 23c being able to be assembled so as to form only one.

La figure 7 représente une variante de réalisation de la contre-masse selon l'invention.FIG. 7 represents an alternative embodiment of the counterweight according to the invention.

Dans cette variante de réalisation, le fond 14 est constitué par le piston 18b lui-même.In this alternative embodiment, the bottom 14 is constituted by the piston 18b itself.

L'étanchéité à la matière inerte entre le piston 18b et la paroi cylindrique 23 est réalisée au moyen d'un joint 28 disposé dans une rainure circulaire 29 réalisée sur le diamètre externe du piston 18b. Un tel dispositif permet d'assurer à la fois l'étanchéité statique et dynamique.The inert material is sealed between the piston 18b and the cylindrical wall 23 by means of a seal 28 placed in a circular groove 29 formed on the external diameter of the piston 18b. Such a device makes it possible to ensure both static and dynamic sealing.

Ce mode de réalisation permet de diminuer le nombre de pièces nécessaires à la réalisation de la contre-masse et également la quantité de projections arrières.This embodiment makes it possible to reduce the number of parts necessary for the production of the counter-mass and also the quantity of rear projections.

Le piston pourra être rendu solidaire de l'enveloppe, par exemple par quelques points de collage.The piston can be made integral with the envelope, for example by a few bonding points.

Claims (18)

1- Système de contre-masse dispersable pour une arme sans recul (1), destinée à être mise en place dans un tube (2) de l'arme et à être éjectée lors du tir à une partie arrière de celui-ci par un piston (18b) poussé par la pression des gaz de combustion d'une charge propulsive en même temps qu'un projectile (4) est lancé vers une partie avant du tube, système comprenant une charge d'une matière inerte et dispersable (16) disposée à l'intérieur d'une enveloppe (13) fermée par un couvercle (15) et un fond (14), système de contre-masse caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe est formée par une paroi cylindrique (23) ajustée dans le tube et solidarisée en translation avec ce dernier et en ce que le couvercle est lié à l'enveloppe par un moyen de liaison rompu par le piston lors du tir, l'enveloppe assurant le guidage du piston dont un rebord périphérique (35) reste en contact avec l'enveloppe de façon à assurer une étanchéité aux gaz, le piston éjectant ainsi la matière inerte hors du tube. 1- Dispersible counter-mass system for a recoilless weapon (1), intended to be placed in a tube (2) of the weapon and to be ejected when fired at a rear part thereof by a piston (18b) pushed by the pressure of the combustion gases of a propellant charge at the same time as a projectile (4) is launched towards a front part of the tube, system comprising a charge of an inert and dispersible material (16) disposed inside an envelope (13) closed by a cover (15) and a bottom (14), counterweight system characterized in that the envelope is formed by a cylindrical wall (23) fitted in the tube and secured in translation with the latter and in that the cover is linked to the envelope by a connecting means broken by the piston during firing, the envelope ensuring the guiding of the piston of which a peripheral rim (35) remains in contact with the casing so as to ensure gas tightness, the piston thus ejecting the inert material out of the tube. 2- Système de contre-masse selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le fond (14) est formé par le piston (18b). 2- Counter-mass system according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom (14) is formed by the piston (18b). 3- Système de contre-masse selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le fond (14) est formé par une cloison (27) liée à l'enveloppe (13) par un moyen de liaison rompu par le piston (18b) lors du tir. 3- Counter-mass system according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom (14) is formed by a partition (27) linked to the casing (13) by a connecting means broken by the piston (18b) during of shooting. 4- Système de contre-masse selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la paroi cylindrique (23) et la cloison (27) forment une seule et même pièce, cloison comportant au moins une amorce de rupture (24) délimitée par la paroi. 4- counter-mass system according to claim 3, characterized in that the cylindrical wall (23) and the partition (27) form a single piece, partition comprising at least one breaking point (24) delimited by the wall . 5- Système de contre-masse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le couvercle (15) est lié à l'enveloppe (13) par collage. 5- Counter-mass system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cover (15) is linked to the envelope (13) by bonding. 6- Système de contre-masse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la paroi cylindrique (23) présente un prolongement arrière (22) formant avec la cloison (27) une cuvette (17) recevant le piston (18b). 6- Counter-mass system according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the cylindrical wall (23) has a rear extension (22) forming with the partition (27) a bowl (17) receiving the piston (18b). 7- Système de contre-masse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la charge de matière inerte (16) est un liquide composé d'eau et d'un agent anti-gel 7- Counter-mass system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the charge of inert material (16) is a liquid composed of water and an anti-freeze agent 8- Système de contre-masse selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'agent anti-gel est un chlorure de calcium. 8- Counter-mass system according to claim 7, characterized in that the anti-freeze agent is a calcium chloride. 9- Système de contre-masse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le matériau constitutif de la paroi (23), de la cloison (27) et du couvercle (15) est une matière plastique du type polyphénylène oxyde. 9- Counter-mass system according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the material constituting the wall (23), the partition (27) and the cover (15) is a plastic material of the type polyphenylene oxide. 10- Système de contre-masse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la paroi cylindrique (23) est mise en place dans un dégagement (19) aménagé à la partie arrière du tube, dégagement présentant un diamètre tel que le diamètre interne de la paroi (23) mise en place dans le tube (2) est égal au diamètre interne de guidage du projectile (20) à la partie avant du tube et en ce que l'extrémité du prolongement arrière (22) de la paroi (23) est en appui contre un épaulement (25) du tube, épaulement reliant le dégagement (19) au diamètre interne de guidage du projectile (20). 10- Counter-mass system according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the cylindrical wall (23) is placed in a recess (19) arranged at the rear part of the tube, recess having a diameter such as the internal diameter of the wall (23) placed in the tube (2) is equal to the internal diameter of the projectile guide (20) at the front part of the tube and in that the end of the rear extension (22) of the wall (23) is in abutment against a shoulder (25) of the tube, shoulder connecting the clearance (19) to the internal diameter for guiding the projectile (20). 11- Système de contre-masse selon l'une quelconque de revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la paroi cylindrique est formée par trois tronçons (23a, 23b, 23c) rendus solidaires entre eux. 11- Counter-mass system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the cylindrical wall is formed by three sections (23a, 23b, 23c) made integral with each other. 12- Système de contre-masse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la paroi cylindrique (23) est prolongée, jusqu'à la partie arrière du tube, par une entretoise (21) solidaire en translation de ce dernier et de même diamètre interne que la paroi. 12- Counter-mass system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the cylindrical wall (23) is extended, up to the rear part of the tube, by a spacer (21) integral in translation with the latter and of the same internal diameter as the wall. 13- Système de contre-masse selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que l'entretoise (21) assure la solidarisation en translation de la paroi et du tube de l'arme. 13- Counter-mass system according to claim 12, characterized in that the spacer (21) ensures the joining in translation of the wall and the barrel of the weapon. 14- Système de contre-masse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que le couvercle présente une forme conique convergente vers la partie arrière du tube de l'arme et comprend un orifice de remplissage (30) équipé d'une vis de fermeture (31) et d'une rondelle d'étanchéité (32). 14- Counter-mass system according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the cover has a conical shape converging towards the rear part of the barrel of the weapon and comprises a filling orifice (30) equipped with 'a closing screw (31) and a sealing washer (32). 15- Système de contre-masse selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que le couvercle présente une paroi ondulée permettant de contenir les dilatations du liquide provoquées par les variations de température. 15- Counter-mass system according to claim 14, characterized in that the cover has a corrugated wall making it possible to contain the expansions of the liquid caused by the variations in temperature. 16- Système de contre-masse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisé en ce que le piston (18b) comporte un dispositif d'étanchéité empêchant toute fuite de matière inerte (16). 16- Counter-mass system according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the piston (18b) comprises a sealing device preventing any leakage of inert material (16). 17- Système de contre-masse selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'étanchéité à la matière inerte du piston (18b) comprend une lèvre (36) mise en contact de l'enveloppe (13) par la pression de la matière inerte lors du tir, et permettant d'assurer une étanchéité dynamique. 17- Counter-mass system according to claim 16, characterized in that the device for sealing the inert material of the piston (18b) comprises a lip (36) brought into contact with the casing (13) by the pressure of the inert material during firing, and making it possible to ensure a dynamic seal. 18- Système de contre-masse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 16 ou 17, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'étanchéité à la matière inerte du piston (18b) comprend un joint (28) disposé dans une rainure (29) aménagée sur le diamètre externe du piston (18b), et permettant d'assurer une étanchéité dynamique et statique. 18- Counter-mass system according to any one of claims 16 or 17, characterized in that the device for sealing the inert material of the piston (18b) comprises a seal (28) arranged in a groove (29) provided on the external diameter of the piston (18b), and ensuring dynamic and static sealing.
EP94402928A 1993-12-22 1994-12-19 Dispersable countermass for recoilless weapons Expired - Lifetime EP0660066B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9315418A FR2714165B1 (en) 1993-12-22 1993-12-22 Dispersible counterweight system for recoilless weapon.
FR9315418 1993-12-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0660066A1 true EP0660066A1 (en) 1995-06-28
EP0660066B1 EP0660066B1 (en) 1999-03-10

Family

ID=9454202

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94402928A Expired - Lifetime EP0660066B1 (en) 1993-12-22 1994-12-19 Dispersable countermass for recoilless weapons

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5551330A (en)
EP (1) EP0660066B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69416976T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2130380T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2714165B1 (en)
IL (1) IL112105A (en)
ZA (1) ZA9410164B (en)

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CZ309344B6 (en) * 2021-09-20 2022-09-07 Helia Miroslava Firearm with a damping device

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US5952601A (en) * 1998-04-23 1999-09-14 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Recoilless and gas-free projectile propulsion
US6543329B2 (en) * 2000-11-08 2003-04-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Nested ring based countermass assembly
DE10101401A1 (en) * 2001-01-13 2002-07-25 Ulrich Brandstetter Firefighting water charger atomises fluids under high pressure without back pressure on operator or equipment
US6446535B1 (en) 2001-02-16 2002-09-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Triple-tube, dispersible countermass recoilless projectile launcher system
SE520975C2 (en) * 2002-01-31 2003-09-16 Saab Ab Methods of producing counter-mass weapons, device at counter-mass weapons and counter-mass weapons
SE525137C2 (en) * 2003-06-05 2004-12-07 Saab Ab Apparatus for weapons comprising a countermass to lower the pressure around the weapon, the main component of the countermass being fluid which is bound and retained by capillary forces
EP1705449B1 (en) * 2005-03-21 2009-11-18 Saab Ab Countermass and countermass weapon
US7624668B1 (en) * 2005-06-10 2009-12-01 Sanford Matthew J Recoilless launching
EP1808663B1 (en) * 2006-01-17 2011-04-20 Saab Ab Method of configuring weapon
CN102141357B (en) * 2011-01-06 2013-03-06 北京机械设备研究所 Recoil-free ejecting device
WO2013000133A1 (en) * 2011-06-29 2013-01-03 北京机械设备研究所 Pollution-free liquid balancing device
EP2815199B1 (en) * 2012-02-13 2020-04-29 Saab Ab A countermass container for use in a recoilless weapon and a recoilless weapon comprising such a countermass container
US9631882B2 (en) * 2013-10-21 2017-04-25 Kevin Paul Grant Method and device for improving countermass-based recoil control in projectile launchers
CN104500620A (en) * 2014-12-24 2015-04-08 北京机械设备研究所 Split piston braking device
EP3408603B1 (en) * 2016-02-29 2022-04-13 Nammo Talley, Inc. Countermass propulsion system
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5551330A (en) 1996-09-03
EP0660066B1 (en) 1999-03-10
DE69416976D1 (en) 1999-04-15
IL112105A (en) 1998-01-04
ZA9410164B (en) 1995-08-24
DE69416976T2 (en) 1999-07-01
FR2714165B1 (en) 1996-02-09
IL112105A0 (en) 1995-03-15
ES2130380T3 (en) 1999-07-01
FR2714165A1 (en) 1995-06-23

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