EP0652334B1 - Pre-cast element for a construction made in a dry manner - Google Patents

Pre-cast element for a construction made in a dry manner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0652334B1
EP0652334B1 EP94402139A EP94402139A EP0652334B1 EP 0652334 B1 EP0652334 B1 EP 0652334B1 EP 94402139 A EP94402139 A EP 94402139A EP 94402139 A EP94402139 A EP 94402139A EP 0652334 B1 EP0652334 B1 EP 0652334B1
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Prior art keywords
faces
cells
longitudinal
section
cavities
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EP94402139A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0652334A1 (en
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Claude Letulle
Jean Letulle
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
    • E04B2/52—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities the walls being characterised by fillings in some of the cavities forming load-bearing pillars or beams

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a building element prefabricated with two end faces provided each of a recess, an upper face, a face lower, and two longitudinal faces between which are located cavities separated by open cells on the upper and lower sides.
  • FR-A-2 671 572 describes a construction element of this type, the cavities of which have two parallel sides and adjacent to the two longitudinal faces, and whose cells are entirely located between the cavities and extend transversely, their short sides being adjacent to the two longitudinal faces.
  • Such elements are generally dry stacked when are used to make walls.
  • the present invention proposes to remedy this disadvantage and to do this it has an element of prefabricated construction having the structure indicated above, this element being characterized in that the alveoli have a T-shaped section and each have a longitudinal section adjacent to one of the faces of the building element and a section transverse extending between two cavities, leading to the upper and lower faces and having a cross section approximately equal to that of a conduit bounded by indentations of two adjacent elements in the same row, and in that the cavities extend between the other face longitudinal of the building element and sections longitudinal of the alveoli.
  • the conduits delimited by the indentations of two successive elements of the same row are each located in the extension of one of the transverse sections of the cells of an element of the adjacent row, so that a binder poured into them conduits and the alveoli connects the elements together stacked.
  • the construction thus carried out is perfectly waterproof vis-à-vis rainwater, air and noise and fire, even if it is not protected by a coating. His cost price is therefore reduced in significant proportions.
  • the binder filling the sections transverse of the cells ensures the solidity of the construction while the binder filling the sections longitudinal of said cells provides sealing wanted.
  • elements should be used prefabricated with a particularly neat finish for give good aesthetics to the construction.
  • the prefabricated element comprises two alveoli whose transverse sections are equidistant from its end faces and three cavities located one between the cross sections and the other two between a transverse section and the adjacent end face to this stretch.
  • the prefabricated element has an intermediate wall dividing each of the transverse sections of the alveoli in two parts and extending between the upper faces and lower, as well as an end protrusion making protruding from the bottom of each of their recesses, parallel to the longitudinal faces, these protrusions being in the extension of each other and having a height equal to the depth of the recesses correspondents.
  • the presence of the vertical conduits formed by the intermediate walls and the protrusions reduce the amount of binder necessary to secure the prefabricated elements, and therefore significantly lower the price of comes back from construction.
  • the intermediate walls located in the transverse sections of the alveoli are an extension end protrusions located in the recesses.
  • the prefabricated element A which can be seen on the Figures 1 to 3 has a general parallelepiped shape and comprises two end faces 1 each provided with a recess 2, an upper face 3, a lower face 4, two longitudinal faces 5,6, three cavities 7 each having one side adjacent to the longitudinal face 5 and two cells 8 each having a longitudinal section adjacent to the face longitudinal 6.
  • the cells 8 comprise also a transverse section 8a communicating with their longitudinal section and extending between two cavities adjacent 7.
  • the transverse sections 8a of the cells lead to the upper 3 and lower 4 faces of element A and have a section approximately equal to that of a conduit 9 which is shown in FIG. 4, each conduit 9 being delimited between two elements A arranged end to end, by the recesses 2 on the faces end in contact with these elements.
  • the cavities 7 have a square section and have a bottom with the underside is in the plane of the underside 4 of element A. It goes without saying however that they could have a section of different shape and be devoid of substance, that is to say lead to both the upper face 3 and the face lower 4.
  • the cells 8 have a section T-shaped whose crossbar is one longer side than the other, which is not compulsory, and that the different walls of element A can have identical or different thicknesses.
  • Elements A of two successive rows are offset relative to each other so that the conduits 9 formed between two successive elements A of same row are located each in the extension of one transverse sections 8a of the cells 8 of an element A of the row immediately adjacent.
  • the elements constituting the wall are joined by a binder such as mortar or any other equivalent material filling the conduits 9 and the longitudinal sections and transverse of the alveoli 8.
  • a binder such as mortar or any other equivalent material filling the conduits 9 and the longitudinal sections and transverse of the alveoli 8.
  • conduits 9 and the transverse sections 8a which extend mutually form vertical channels extending from the lowest row to the lowest row high and are filled with binder.
  • the binder filling the conduits 9 and the transverse sections 8a of the cells ensures rigidity of the wall while the binder filling the longitudinal section alveoli makes the wall waterproof against rainwater, drafts, noise and fire, making it unnecessary the application of an exterior coating on the wall and allows by consequently a significant reduction in the cost price of this latest.
  • the prefabricated element B which can be seen on the figure 5 5 has great similarities with the element prefabricated A shown in Figure 1. It differs from it however in that it comprises an intermediate wall 11 in each of the transverse sections 8a of the cells 8 and a end protrusion 12 projecting from the bottom of each of its recesses 2.
  • the intermediate walls 11 extend between the faces upper 3 and lower 4 of the prefabricated element B, parallel to the longitudinal faces 5 and 6 of the latter. They are an extension of each other and divide each of the transverse sections 8a of the cells 8 in two conduits 13 and 14, the conduits 13 being adjacent to the face longitudinal 5.
  • the protrusions 12 are also parallel to the faces longitudinal 5 and 6 of the prefabricated element B. They have a height equal to the depth of the recess 2 in which they are located and extend in the extension intermediate walls 11.
  • Figure 6 shows part of a wall made at from prefabricated elements B dry stacked of the same so that the elements A of figure 4.
  • conduits 16 which are located on the side of the faces longitudinal 6 of the prefabricated elements, they have the same section than that of the conduits 14 (which communicate with the longitudinal sections of the cells 8) and form with some of these conduits, another series of vertical channels extending over the entire height of the wall.
  • the binder used to join the elements together prefabricated B was poured into conduits 14 and 16 as well than in the longitudinal sections of the alveoli 8. In however, it was not in conduits 13 and 15, nor in the cavities 7, which allows it to be used in one quantity less than that of the binding agent prefabricated elements A and thus lower the price of comes back from the wall.
  • the elements prefabricated B are provided in their upper face 3 with a recess 17 between the longitudinal sections of the cells 8 and a recess 18 between each of said longitudinal sections and the adjacent recess 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
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Abstract

The construction according to the invention is produced from prefabricated elements (A, B) stacked, dry, in superposed rows and each including two end faces (1) provided with a recess (2), two longitudinal faces (5, 6), cavities (7) and cells (alveoles) (8) respectively adjacent to the longitudinal faces. It is characterised in that the cells (8) each include a transverse section (8a) extending between two adjacent cavities (7), the transverse sections (8a) emerging on the upper (3) and lower (4) faces and having a cross-section approximately equal to that of a conduit (9) delimited by the recesses (2) of two adjacent elements (A,B) of the same row, in that the conduits (9) are each located in the prolongation of one of the transverse sections (8a) of the cells (8) of one element of the adjacent row and in that a binder is poured (cast) into the conduits (9) and the cells (8). <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne un élément de construction préfabriqué comportant deux faces d'extrémité pourvues chacune d'un renfoncement, une face supérieure, une face inférieure, et deux faces longitudinales entre lesquelles sont situées des cavités séparées par des alvéoles débouchant sur les faces supérieure et inférieure.The present invention relates to a building element prefabricated with two end faces provided each of a recess, an upper face, a face lower, and two longitudinal faces between which are located cavities separated by open cells on the upper and lower sides.

FR-A-2 671 572 décrit un élément de construction de ce type, dont les cavités comportent deux côtés parallèles et adjacents aux deux faces longitudinales, et dont les alvéoles sont entièrement situées entre les cavités et s'étendent transversalement, leurs petits côtés étant adjacents aux deux faces longitudinales.FR-A-2 671 572 describes a construction element of this type, the cavities of which have two parallel sides and adjacent to the two longitudinal faces, and whose cells are entirely located between the cavities and extend transversely, their short sides being adjacent to the two longitudinal faces.

De tels éléments sont en général empilés à sec lorsqu'ils sont utilisés pour réaliser des murs.Such elements are generally dry stacked when are used to make walls.

Il est cependant nécessaire de crépir leur face longitudinale externe afin d'éviter des infiltrations d'eau de pluie ou une propagation de courants d'air au niveau de leurs surfaces de contact.It is however necessary to plaster their face longitudinal external to avoid water infiltration rain or a spread of drafts at their contact surfaces.

L'application d'un enduit extérieur a toutefois l'inconvénient d'augmenter de façon importante le prix de revient de la construction.The application of an exterior coating however the disadvantage of significantly increasing the price of comes back from construction.

La présente invention se propose de remédier à cet inconvénient et, pour ce faire, elle a pour objet un élément de construction préfabriqué ayant la structure indiquée ci-dessus, cet élément étant caractérisé en ce que les alvéoles ont une section en forme de T et comportent chacune un tronçon longitudinal adjacent à l'une des faces longitudinales de l'élément de construction et un tronçon transversal s'étendant entre deux cavités, débouchant sur les faces supérieure et inférieure et ayant une section approximativement égale à celle d'un conduit délimité par les renfoncements de deux éléments adjacents d'une même rangée, et en ce que les cavités s'étendent entre l'autre face longitudinale de l'élément de construction et les tronçons longitudinaux des alvéoles.The present invention proposes to remedy this disadvantage and to do this it has an element of prefabricated construction having the structure indicated above, this element being characterized in that the alveoli have a T-shaped section and each have a longitudinal section adjacent to one of the faces of the building element and a section transverse extending between two cavities, leading to the upper and lower faces and having a cross section approximately equal to that of a conduit bounded by indentations of two adjacent elements in the same row, and in that the cavities extend between the other face longitudinal of the building element and sections longitudinal of the alveoli.

Lorsqu'une construction est réalisée avec des éléments conformes à l'invention, les conduits délimités par les renfoncements de deux éléments successifs d'une même rangée sont situés chacun dans le prolongement de l'un des tronçons transversaux des alvéoles d'un élément de la rangée adjacente, de sorte qu'un liant coulé dans les conduits et les alvéoles relie entre eux les éléments empilés.When a construction is carried out with elements in accordance with the invention, the conduits delimited by the indentations of two successive elements of the same row are each located in the extension of one of the transverse sections of the cells of an element of the adjacent row, so that a binder poured into them conduits and the alveoli connects the elements together stacked.

Or grâce à la localisation particulière du liant, la construction ainsi réalisée est parfaitement étanche vis-à-vis de l'eau de pluie, de l'air ainsi que du bruit et du feu, même si elle n'est pas protégée par un enduit. Son prix de revient s'en trouve par conséquent réduit dans d'importantes proportions.However thanks to the specific location of the binder, the construction thus carried out is perfectly waterproof vis-à-vis rainwater, air and noise and fire, even if it is not protected by a coating. His cost price is therefore reduced in significant proportions.

On précisera ici que le liant remplissant les tronçons transversaux des alvéoles assure la solidité de la construction alors que le liant remplissant les tronçons longitudinaux desdites alvéoles assure l'étanchéité recherchée.It will be specified here that the binder filling the sections transverse of the cells ensures the solidity of the construction while the binder filling the sections longitudinal of said cells provides sealing wanted.

Lorsque l'on ne souhaite pas enduire les éléments préfabriqués pour abaisser le prix de revient de la construction, il convient d'utiliser des éléments préfabriqués ayant une finition particulièrement soignée pour conférer une bonne esthétique à la construction.When you don't want to coat the elements prefabricated to lower the cost price of the construction, elements should be used prefabricated with a particularly neat finish for give good aesthetics to the construction.

De préférence, l'élément préfabriqué comporte deux alvéoles dont les tronçons transversaux sont équidistants de ses faces d'extrémité et trois cavités situées l'une entre les tronçons transversaux et les deux autres entre un tronçon transversal et la face d'extrémité adjacente à ce tronçon.Preferably, the prefabricated element comprises two alveoli whose transverse sections are equidistant from its end faces and three cavities located one between the cross sections and the other two between a transverse section and the adjacent end face to this stretch.

Selon un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, l'élément préfabriqué comporte une paroi intermédiaire divisant chacun des tronçons transversaux des alvéoles en deux parties et s'étendant entre les faces supérieure et inférieure, ainsi qu'une protubérance d'extrémité faisant saillie sur le fond de chacun de leurs renfoncements, parallèlement aux faces longitudinales, ces protubérances étant dans le prolongement les unes des autres et ayant une hauteur égale à la profondeur des renfoncements correspondants. According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the prefabricated element has an intermediate wall dividing each of the transverse sections of the alveoli in two parts and extending between the upper faces and lower, as well as an end protrusion making protruding from the bottom of each of their recesses, parallel to the longitudinal faces, these protrusions being in the extension of each other and having a height equal to the depth of the recesses correspondents.

Les parois intermédiaires et les protubérances d'extrémité permettent la formation, à l'intérieur de la construction, de conduits verticaux situés du côté opposé aux tronçons longitudinaux des alvéoles.Intermediate walls and protrusions end allow training, inside the construction, vertical conduits located on the opposite side to longitudinal sections of the alveoli.

Or, grâce à ces conduits, la construction présente deux avantages particuliers.However, thanks to these conduits, the construction presents two special advantages.

Tout d'abord, lorsque les faces longitudinales des éléments préfabriqués qui sont opposées aux tronçons longitudinaux des alvéoles constituent la face extérieure de la construction et ne sont pas enduites, l'eau de pluie qui parviendrait par capillarité jusqu'aux conduits verticaux précités serait évacuée par ces derniers à la partie inférieure de la construction. Ces conduits verticaux, en s'ajoutant aux conduits verticaux ménagés par les cavités, exceptionnellement dépourvus de fond, contribuent donc à mieux protéger la construction contre une propagation de l'eau de pluie à l'intérieur de cette dernière.First of all, when the longitudinal faces of prefabricated elements which are opposite to the sections longitudinal of the alveoli constitute the external face of construction and are not coated, rainwater that by capillary action to the vertical ducts mentioned above would be evacuated by them to the part construction. These vertical conduits, in in addition to the vertical conduits formed by the cavities, exceptionally devoid of substance, therefore help to better protect the construction against spreading rainwater to inside the latter.

Par ailleurs, la présence des conduits verticaux formés par les parois intermédiaires et les protubérances d'extrémité permettent de réduire la quantité de liant nécessaire à la solidarisation des éléments préfabriqués, et par conséquent d'abaisser de façon non négligeable le prix de revient de la construction.Furthermore, the presence of the vertical conduits formed by the intermediate walls and the protrusions reduce the amount of binder necessary to secure the prefabricated elements, and therefore significantly lower the price of comes back from construction.

De préférence, les parois intermédiaires situées dans les tronçons transversaux des alvéoles sont dans le prolongement des protubérances d'extrémité situées dans les renfoncements.Preferably, the intermediate walls located in the transverse sections of the alveoli are an extension end protrusions located in the recesses.

Deux modes d'exécution de la présente invention seront décrits ci-après à titre d'exemples nullement limitatifs en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue de dessus d'un élément préfabriqué conforme à l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue de face partiellement en coupe de l'élément préfabriqué, la coupe étant effectuée selon la ligne II-II de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne III-III de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue partielle en perspective d'une construction réalisée à partir d'éléments préfabriqués ayant la structure de celui représenté sur les figures 1 à 3 ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue de dessus d'un élément préfabriqué selon une variante de réalisation ; et
  • la figure 6 est une vue partielle en perspective d'une construction réalisée à partir d'éléments préfabriqués identiques à celui représenté sur la figure 5.
Two embodiments of the present invention will be described below by way of non-limiting examples with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 is a top view of a prefabricated element according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a front view partially in section of the prefabricated element, the section being taken along line II-II of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view along line III-III of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a partial perspective view of a construction made from prefabricated elements having the structure of that shown in Figures 1 to 3;
  • Figure 5 is a top view of a prefabricated element according to an alternative embodiment; and
  • FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view of a construction produced from prefabricated elements identical to that shown in FIG. 5.

L'élément préfabriqué A que l'on peut voir sur les figures 1 à 3 a une forme générale parallélépipédique et comprend deux faces d'extrémité 1 pourvues chacune d'un renfoncement 2, une face supérieure 3, une face inférieure 4, deux faces longitudinales 5,6, trois cavités 7 ayant chacune un côté adjacent à la face longitudinale 5 et deux alvéoles 8 ayant chacune un tronçon longitudinal adjacent à la face longitudinale 6.The prefabricated element A which can be seen on the Figures 1 to 3 has a general parallelepiped shape and comprises two end faces 1 each provided with a recess 2, an upper face 3, a lower face 4, two longitudinal faces 5,6, three cavities 7 each having one side adjacent to the longitudinal face 5 and two cells 8 each having a longitudinal section adjacent to the face longitudinal 6.

Conformément à l'invention, les alvéoles 8 comportent également un tronçon transversal 8a communiquant avec leur tronçon longitudinal et s'étendant entre deux cavités adjacentes 7. Les tronçons transversaux 8a des alvéoles débouchent sur les faces supérieure 3 et inférieure 4 de l'élément A et ont une section approximativement égale à celle d'un conduit 9 qui est représenté sur la figure 4, chaque conduit 9 étant délimité entre deux éléments A disposés bout à bout, par les renfoncements 2 des faces d'extrémité en contact de ces éléments.According to the invention, the cells 8 comprise also a transverse section 8a communicating with their longitudinal section and extending between two cavities adjacent 7. The transverse sections 8a of the cells lead to the upper 3 and lower 4 faces of element A and have a section approximately equal to that of a conduit 9 which is shown in FIG. 4, each conduit 9 being delimited between two elements A arranged end to end, by the recesses 2 on the faces end in contact with these elements.

Dans l'exemple de réalisation représenté, les cavités 7 ont une section carrée et ont un fond dont la face inférieure est dans le plan de la face inférieure 4 de l'élément A. Il va de soi cependant qu'elles pourraient avoir une section de forme différente et être dépourvue de fond, c'est-à-dire déboucher aussi bien sur la face supérieure 3 que sur la face inférieure 4.In the embodiment shown, the cavities 7 have a square section and have a bottom with the underside is in the plane of the underside 4 of element A. It goes without saying however that they could have a section of different shape and be devoid of substance, that is to say lead to both the upper face 3 and the face lower 4.

On notera par ailleurs que les alvéoles 8 ont une section en forme de T dont la barre transversale est plus longue d'un côté que de l'autre, ce qui n'est toutefois pas obligatoire, et que les différentes parois de l'élément A peuvent avoir des épaisseurs identiques ou différentes.Note also that the cells 8 have a section T-shaped whose crossbar is one longer side than the other, which is not compulsory, and that the different walls of element A can have identical or different thicknesses.

En se référant maintenant à la figure 4, on peut voir une partie d'un mur constitué d'éléments préfabriqués A empilés à sec en rangées superposées horizontales.Referring now to Figure 4, we can see a part of a wall made of prefabricated elements A stacked dry in horizontal overlapping rows.

Les éléments A de deux rangées successives sont décalés les uns par rapport aux autres de telle sorte que les conduits 9 ménagés entre deux éléments A successifs d'une même rangée soient situés chacun dans le prolongement de l'un des tronçons transversaux 8a des alvéoles 8 d'un élément A de la rangée immédiatement adjacente.Elements A of two successive rows are offset relative to each other so that the conduits 9 formed between two successive elements A of same row are located each in the extension of one transverse sections 8a of the cells 8 of an element A of the row immediately adjacent.

Les éléments constituant le mur sont solidarisés par un liant tel que du mortier ou tout autre matériau équivalent remplissant les conduits 9 et les tronçons longitudinaux et transversaux des alvéoles 8.The elements constituting the wall are joined by a binder such as mortar or any other equivalent material filling the conduits 9 and the longitudinal sections and transverse of the alveoli 8.

En fait, les conduits 9 et les tronçons transversaux 8a qui se prolongent mutuellement forment des canaux verticaux s'étendant depuis la rangée la plus basse à la rangée la plus haute et sont remplis de liant.In fact, the conduits 9 and the transverse sections 8a which extend mutually form vertical channels extending from the lowest row to the lowest row high and are filled with binder.

On notera ici que le liant remplissant les conduits 9 et les tronçons transversaux 8a des alvéoles assure la rigidité du mur alors que le liant remplissant le tronçon longitudinal des alvéoles rend le mur étanche vis-à-vis de l'eau de pluie, des courants d'air, du bruit et du feu, ce qui rend inutile l'application d'un enduit extérieur sur le mur et permet par conséquent une réduction notable du prix de revient de ce dernier.It will be noted here that the binder filling the conduits 9 and the transverse sections 8a of the cells ensures rigidity of the wall while the binder filling the longitudinal section alveoli makes the wall waterproof against rainwater, drafts, noise and fire, making it unnecessary the application of an exterior coating on the wall and allows by consequently a significant reduction in the cost price of this latest.

La réalisation d'un mur tel que celui représenté partiellement sur la figure 4 est particulièrement facile. Making a wall like the one shown partially in Figure 4 is particularly easy.

Il suffit en effet d'empiler à sec les éléments A de façon à former un certain nombre de rangées superposées, en veillant toutefois à ce que les conduits 9 ménagés entre les éléments A d'une même rangée soient chacun dans le prolongement de l'un des tronçons transversaux 8a des alvéoles de la rangée inférieure, de couler du mortier ou tout autre liant équivalent dans les canaux verticaux formés par les conduits 9 et les tronçons transversaux 8a qui se font suite, et de recommencer les deux opérations ci-dessus autant de fois que cela est nécessaire pour donner au mur la hauteur désirée.It suffices to dry stack the elements A of so as to form a number of overlapping rows, in however ensuring that the conduits 9 formed between the elements A of the same row are each in the extension of one of the transverse sections 8a of bottom row cells, pouring mortar or any other equivalent binder in the vertical channels formed by the conduits 9 and the transverse sections 8a which are are continued, and to repeat the two operations above as many times as necessary to give the wall the desired height.

Si on le souhaitait, on pourrait bien entendu ne couler le mortier qu'après avoir empilé la totalité des éléments A nécessaires à la réalisation du mur.If we wished, we could of course not sink the mortar only after having stacked all the elements A necessary for the realization of the wall.

L'élément préfabriqué B que l'on peut voir sur la figure 5 5 présente de grandes similitudes avec l'élément préfabriqué A représenté sur la figure 1. Il s'en distingue toutefois en ce qu'il comporte une paroi intermédiaire 11 dans chacun des tronçons transversaux 8a des alvéoles 8 et une protubérance d'extrémité 12 faisant saillie sur le fond de chacun de ses renfoncements 2.The prefabricated element B which can be seen on the figure 5 5 has great similarities with the element prefabricated A shown in Figure 1. It differs from it however in that it comprises an intermediate wall 11 in each of the transverse sections 8a of the cells 8 and a end protrusion 12 projecting from the bottom of each of its recesses 2.

Les parois intermédiaires 11 s'étendent entre les faces supérieure 3 et inférieure 4 de l'élément préfabriqué B, parallèlement aux faces longitudinales 5 et 6 de ce dernier. Elles sont dans le prolongement l'une de l'autre et divisent chacun des tronçons transversaux 8a des alvéoles 8 en deux conduits 13 et 14, les conduits 13 étant adjacents à la face longitudinale 5.The intermediate walls 11 extend between the faces upper 3 and lower 4 of the prefabricated element B, parallel to the longitudinal faces 5 and 6 of the latter. They are an extension of each other and divide each of the transverse sections 8a of the cells 8 in two conduits 13 and 14, the conduits 13 being adjacent to the face longitudinal 5.

Les protubérances 12 sont également parallèles aux faces longitudinales 5 et 6 de l'élément préfabriqué B. Elles ont une hauteur égale à la profondeur du renfoncement 2 dans lequel elles sont situées et s'étendent dans le prolongement des parois intermédiaires 11.The protrusions 12 are also parallel to the faces longitudinal 5 and 6 of the prefabricated element B. They have a height equal to the depth of the recess 2 in which they are located and extend in the extension intermediate walls 11.

La figure 6 représente une partie d'un mur réalisé à partir d'éléments préfabriqués B empilés à sec de la même manière que les éléments A de la figure 4. Figure 6 shows part of a wall made at from prefabricated elements B dry stacked of the same so that the elements A of figure 4.

Dans ce mur, les protubérances d'extrémité 12 des éléments préfabriqués se faisant suite dans une même rangée sont en contact et divisent les conduits 9 délimités par deux renfoncements adjacents 2 en deux conduits verticaux 15 et 16.In this wall, the end protrusions 12 of prefabricated elements in a row are in contact and divide the conduits 9 delimited by two adjacent recesses 2 in two vertical conduits 15 and 16.

Les conduits 15, qui sont situés du côté des faces longitudinales 5 des éléments préfabriqués, ont la même section que celle des conduits 13 formés par les parois intermédiaires 11 et forment avec certains de ces conduits 13 une série de canaux verticaux s'étendant sur toute la hauteur du mur.The conduits 15, which are located on the side of the faces longitudinal 5 of the prefabricated elements, have the same section as that of the conduits 13 formed by the walls intermediaries 11 and form with some of these conduits 13 a series of vertical channels extending over the entire height from the wall.

Quant aux conduits 16, qui sont situés du côté des faces longitudinales 6 des éléments préfabriqués, ils ont la même section que celle des conduits 14 (qui communiquent avec les tronçons longitudinaux des alvéoles 8) et forment avec certain de ces conduits, une autre série de canaux verticaux s'étendant sur toute la hauteur du mur.As for conduits 16, which are located on the side of the faces longitudinal 6 of the prefabricated elements, they have the same section than that of the conduits 14 (which communicate with the longitudinal sections of the cells 8) and form with some of these conduits, another series of vertical channels extending over the entire height of the wall.

Le liant utilisé pour solidariser entre eux les éléments préfabriqués B a été coulé dans les conduits 14 et 16 ainsi que dans les tronçons longitudinaux des alvéoles 8. En revanche, il ne l'a pas été dans les conduits 13 et 15, ni dans les cavités 7, ce qui permet de l'utiliser en une quantité inférieure à celle du liant solidarisant les éléments préfabriqués A et d'abaisser ainsi le prix de revient du mur.The binder used to join the elements together prefabricated B was poured into conduits 14 and 16 as well than in the longitudinal sections of the alveoli 8. In however, it was not in conduits 13 and 15, nor in the cavities 7, which allows it to be used in one quantity less than that of the binding agent prefabricated elements A and thus lower the price of comes back from the wall.

On notera par ailleurs que lorsque les faces longitudinales 5 des éléments B constituent la face extérieure du mur et ne sont pas enduites, les conduits 13 et 15 permettent avec les cavités 7 (dont le fond a été supprimé) d'évacuer vers le bas du mur, l'eau de pluie qui se propagerait jusqu'à eux et protègent donc mieux l'intérieur de la construction contre l'humidité.It will also be noted that when the faces longitudinal 5 of the elements B constitute the face outside of the wall and are not coated, ducts 13 and 15 allow with the cavities 7 (the bottom of which has been removed) to drain down the wall, the rainwater which would spread up to them and therefore better protect the interior of construction against humidity.

L'extrémité inférieure des canaux formés par les conduits 13 et 15, ainsi que par les cavités 7, doit communiquer avec l'extérieur pour évacuer l'eau recueillie. La réalisation de cette communication constitue une opération classique pour un maçon et l'on s'abstiendra donc de la décrire ici.The lower end of the channels formed by the ducts 13 and 15, as well as through the cavities 7, must communicate with the outside to evacuate the collected water. The realization of this communication constitutes an operation classic for a mason and we will therefore refrain from describe here.

Pour être complet, on précisera que les éléments préfabriqués B sont pourvus dans leur face supérieure 3 d'un renfoncement 17 entre les tronçons longitudinaux des alvéoles 8 et d'un renfoncement 18 entre chacun desdits tronçons longitudinaux et le renfoncement 2 adjacent.To be complete, we will specify that the elements prefabricated B are provided in their upper face 3 with a recess 17 between the longitudinal sections of the cells 8 and a recess 18 between each of said longitudinal sections and the adjacent recess 2.

Grâce à ces renfoncements 17 et 18, la répartition du liant entre les différents conduits destinés à le recevoir peut être assurée plus facilement, ce qui garantit une parfaite étanchéité entre les rangées horizontales superposées d'éléments préfabriqués.Thanks to these recesses 17 and 18, the distribution of the binder between the various conduits intended to receive it can be ensured more easily, which guarantees perfect seal between the horizontal rows superimposed of prefabricated elements.

Claims (4)

  1. Prefabricated construction element comprising two end faces (1) each provided with a recess (2), an upper face (3), a lower face (4), and two longitudinal faces (5, 6) between which are located cavities (7) separated by cells (8) opening onto the upper (3) and lower (4) faces, characterised in that the cells (8) have a T-shaped cross-section and each comprise a longitudinal section adjacent to one (6) of the longitudinal faces of the construction element and a transverse section (8a) extending between two cavities (7), opening onto the upper (3) and lower (4) faces and having a cross-section which is approximately equal to that of a conduit (9) delimited by the recesses (2) of two adjacent elements (A, B) in the same row, and in that the cavities (7) extend between the other longitudinal face (5) of the construction element and the longitudinal sections of the cells (8).
  2. Construction element according to claim 1,
    characterised in that it comprises two cells (8) the transverse sections (8a) of which are equidistant from the end faces (1) and three cavities (7) located one between the transverse sections (8a) and the two others between a transverse section (8a) and the end face (1) adjacent to the said section.
  3. Construction element according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterised in that it comprises an intermediate wall (11) dividing each of the transverse sections (8a) of the cells (8) into two parts and extending between the upper (3) and lower (4) faces, as well as an end protuberance (12) projecting above the bottom of each of the recesses (2), parallel to the longitudinal faces (5, 6), the said protuberances lying in the prolongation of one another and having a height equal to the depth of the corresponding recesses.
  4. Construction element according to claim 3,
    characterised in that the intermediate walls (11) located in the transverse sections (8a) of the cells (8) lie in the prolongation of the end protuberances (12) located in the recesses (2).
EP94402139A 1993-11-08 1994-09-26 Pre-cast element for a construction made in a dry manner Expired - Lifetime EP0652334B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9313257A FR2712324B1 (en) 1993-11-08 1993-11-08 Construction made from prefabricated dry stacked elements and prefabricated elements for the realization of this construction.
FR9313257 1993-11-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0652334A1 EP0652334A1 (en) 1995-05-10
EP0652334B1 true EP0652334B1 (en) 1998-12-23

Family

ID=9452604

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94402139A Expired - Lifetime EP0652334B1 (en) 1993-11-08 1994-09-26 Pre-cast element for a construction made in a dry manner

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0652334B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE174989T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69415481D1 (en)
DK (1) DK0652334T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2126083T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2712324B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005063034B4 (en) 2005-12-29 2007-10-31 Flooring Technologies Ltd. Panel, in particular floor panel

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1224485A (en) * 1968-02-07 1971-03-10 Emil Hirsch Improvements in or relating to building blocks
CH503860A (en) * 1969-02-01 1971-02-28 Nietlispach Hans Hollow stone used to produce a wall structure that can be reinforced with concrete
US3855752A (en) * 1972-10-10 1974-12-24 Gen Concrete Ltd Masonry block and building panels
US4319440A (en) * 1979-10-11 1982-03-16 Rassias John N Building blocks, wall structures made therefrom and methods of making the same
WO1983004423A1 (en) * 1982-06-07 1983-12-22 Charles William Depka Improvement in cement block walls
FR2671572B1 (en) * 1991-03-08 1998-08-14 Claude Letulle CONSTRUCTION MADE FROM PREFABRICATED ELEMENTS STACKED IN SUPERIMPOSED ROWS AND PREFABRICATED ELEMENTS FOR THE REALIZATION OF THIS CONSTRUCTION.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2126083T3 (en) 1999-03-16
DK0652334T3 (en) 1999-08-23
DE69415481D1 (en) 1999-02-04
ATE174989T1 (en) 1999-01-15
FR2712324B1 (en) 1996-02-02
FR2712324A1 (en) 1995-05-19
EP0652334A1 (en) 1995-05-10

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