EP0638365B2 - Procédé et dispositif pour séparer des matières solides à grains fins en deux fractions granulométriques - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour séparer des matières solides à grains fins en deux fractions granulométriques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0638365B2
EP0638365B2 EP94112005A EP94112005A EP0638365B2 EP 0638365 B2 EP0638365 B2 EP 0638365B2 EP 94112005 A EP94112005 A EP 94112005A EP 94112005 A EP94112005 A EP 94112005A EP 0638365 B2 EP0638365 B2 EP 0638365B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flow
dispersion
wheel
deflector wheel
deflector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP94112005A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0638365A2 (fr
EP0638365B1 (fr
EP0638365A3 (fr
Inventor
Jürgen Dr.-Ing. Stein
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Hosokawa Alpine AG
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Hosokawa Alpine AG
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/14—Construction of the underflow ducting; Apex constructions; Discharge arrangements ; discharge through sidewall provided with a few slits or perforations
    • B04C5/18—Construction of the underflow ducting; Apex constructions; Discharge arrangements ; discharge through sidewall provided with a few slits or perforations with auxiliary fluid assisting discharge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
    • B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
    • B03B5/30—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions
    • B03B5/32—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions using centrifugal force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
    • B03B5/60—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by non-mechanical classifiers, e.g. slime tanks 
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B3/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering
    • B04B3/04—Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneous sifting or filtering discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B7/00—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
    • B07B7/08—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force
    • B07B7/083—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force generated by rotating vanes, discs, drums, or brushes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the separation a fine-grained solid dispersed in a liquid into a fine and a coarse. It concerns a procedure and an apparatus for performing this Separation in the grain size range below about 50 ⁇ m, preferably below about 10 ⁇ m.
  • a fine-grained Solid with a grain size distribution from 0 to a maximum of 50 ⁇ m into a fine material and a coarse material at a separation limit to separate below about 10 microns preferably used hydrocyclones in which by the Influence of centrifugal force, wall friction and drag a liquid on the solid particles, this Separation is achieved.
  • Flow conditions in a hydrocyclone is a sharp separation on a particular one Grain size not possible, so that the overlap area, i.e. the grain size range, both in Fines and coarse goods are usually undesirable is great.
  • EP 0 355 285 A2 discloses a device in which a fine-grained solid in a drippable Liquid is dispersed and the dispersion in one Sink flow with superimposed rotation flow is forced.
  • the one used to separate the fine material rotating working part consists of a stack of Cutting discs with those between the cutting discs free spaces.
  • the rotating cutting disc stack is therefore loaded with coarse particle flows, which only a lower throughput of fine material flow through the cutting disc stack can be achieved.
  • the invention is therefore the object based on a method and a device for separation a fine - grained solid into a fine material and to specify a coarse good that is economical a sharp separation, especially in the grain size range enable below about 10 microns.
  • to Solving this problem is the fine-grained solid in a drippable liquid dispersed and the dispersion in a defined sink flow with superimposed, generated regardless of the sink flow Forced rotation flow.
  • the ratio of thereby independently adjustable Velocity of sink and rotation flow determines the separation grain size or separation limit between fine and coarse goods, i.e. the particle size, for which the centrifugal force generated by the rotation and the generated by the sink current Liquid are in equilibrium, so with the same Probability in the fine or coarse arrives.
  • the inventive method is particularly simple Realize processes in that sink and Rotational flow in a rotatingly driven, deflector wheel with flow from outside to inside parallel to its axis of rotation and flow channels forming blades are generated the solid dispersion on the deflector Outer circumference is abandoned.
  • the to carry out the invention there is essentially an apparatus suitable for the method from a pressure-resistant housing with connections for the introduction of the feed dispersion and that Discharge of fine and coarse material dispersion, at least one rotatably mounted and driven in the housing Deflector wheel and a feed pump for that Introducing the feed dispersion.
  • a pressure-resistant housing with connections for the introduction of the feed dispersion and that Discharge of fine and coarse material dispersion, at least one rotatably mounted and driven in the housing Deflector wheel and a feed pump for that Introducing the feed dispersion.
  • the deflector wheel is arranged in a closed housing, into which the solid to be classified, dispersed in a liquid - the feed dispersion - is conveyed with a feed pump via an inlet connection.
  • the dispersion flows through the rotating deflector wheel from the outside in, whereby the solid is separated into fine and coarse material. Particles, in which the stepping force exerted by the flowing liquid is smaller than the centrifugal force induced by the rotation of the deflector wheel, cannot get inside the wheel and are rejected. Particles where the drag force is greater than the centrifugal force enter the inside of the wheel with the liquid.
  • This part of the dispersion thus contains the fine material fraction and leaves the housing of the separating device through a discharge connection which connects to the interior of the deflector wheel.
  • the rejected particles leave the housing with the remaining part of the liquid as coarse material dispersion through a second discharge connection.
  • the rotation of the deflector wheel means that Fine material dispersion when flowing through the wheel the centrifugal force overcome a relatively high pressure.
  • This pressure depending on the operating state in the The order of magnitude of 3 to 20 bar is determined by the Feed pump applied.
  • the housing of the separator and likewise the bearing of the drive shaft for the deflector wheel be pressure-resistant; for the latter is in in most cases the use of a mechanical seal required.
  • Operating variables are the peripheral speed of the Deflector wheel and the radial flow velocity in the flow channels formed by blades.
  • the peripheral speed can be given outer diameter of the deflector wheel can only be set via its speed; the radial flow velocity results from the free flow cross section of the deflector wheel and the volume flow of the fine material dispersion.
  • This together with the volume flow of the coarse material dispersion are determined by the feed quantity of the feed dispersion determined, which on the conveying capacity of the Feed pump is set.
  • the setting is made of their volume flow indirectly via the feed quantity and the division ratio of the volume flows of Fine and coarse material dispersion. The change of this Division ratio takes place in that the volume flow the coarse material dispersion is changed, e.g. by changing the discharge cross section or by dosed pumping of the coarse material dispersion.
  • the axis of rotation of the deflector wheel is the simplest Case in the axis of a rotationally symmetrical, e.g. cylindrical housing in which the Liquid and the solid dispersed therein without special measures evenly with the deflector wheel co-rotates.
  • a rotationally symmetrical housing in which the Liquid and the solid dispersed therein without special measures evenly with the deflector wheel co-rotates.
  • the radial distance between the inner wall of the container and the size of the deflector wheel are small held, a uniform flow is achieved of the deflector wheel over its entire length. Short-circuit currents and backflow effects can can be effectively avoided.
  • Optimal flow conditions are achieved when the radial distance less than 10% between inner wall and wheel circumference of the diameter of the deflector wheel.
  • bumpers can be advantageous to be provided with special facilities, e.g. with rotating washers that are even Pre-acceleration of liquid and solid already in the outside area of the bumpers.
  • the completion for the feed dispersion can be above, below or in the area of the deflector wheel be attached to the housing, a tangential Mouth with inflow in the direction of rotation of the deflector wheel the pre-acceleration of liquid and solid favors.
  • An additional pre-classification effect can be achieved if the connection for the Feed dispersion with inflow in the axial direction at the bottom of the case and centrally to it is arranged. Coarse particles are thereby in the Worn near the housing wall, so that it No longer load the deflector wheel, but carry it out directly become.
  • a longer flow path e.g. by one from the connection cross section to the housing cross section expanding, conical housing part, can improve the pre-grading effect.
  • the deflector can be used in a known manner cylindrical paddle wheel with free interior his. The one developing in this interior However, potential vortex flow creates a high one Pressure loss, so the use of such a deflector only makes sense at low speeds, i.e. for relatively rough separations with small throughputs.
  • the deflector wheel In addition to pre-acceleration, there is also one even flow through the deflector wheel for determining an optimal separation effect.
  • a deflector wheel with solid-state vortex can Flow through a rotationally symmetrical design and shaped bodies arranged coaxially to the deflector wheel improve, with the radially aligned Scoop the deflector wheel from its circumference to extend to the shaped body.
  • the molded body can e.g. designed as a cylinder, cone or truncated cone his.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation Device designed according to the invention with a cylindrical Housing 1 to which the bearing 8 for receiving the deflector wheel 3 is flanged directly.
  • the vertical-axis de-icing wheel 3 becomes the pulley 12 and hollow shaft 9 driven their bearings with a shaft seal 6 against the interior of the housing 1 are sealed.
  • the one to be separated, in a liquid dispersed feed is through port 2 in the Pumped housing 1, from where it in the deflector 3 arrives. This is due to the separating effect of the deflector wheel 3 separated fine material is together with a part the liquid as a fine dispersion through the hollow shaft 9 discharged into the fixed fines collector 10 and flows through connection 4 to Further use.
  • the one rejected by the deflector wheel 3 Coarse material flows with the remaining liquid by the centrally located in the bottom of the housing 1 Opening 11 in the coarse material collector 13 from there leaves through port 5 as coarse material dispersion.
  • the amount of coarse material dispersion flowing through can Changing the cross section of the opening 11 can be controlled; the axially adjustable slide 7 is used for this purpose.
  • Fig. 2 shows a variant with several, horizontal axes Bumpers 3 in a common Housing 1 are arranged. Every deflector wheel 3 is replaced by its own (not shown here) Motor driven by pulley 12. So that's it possible, the speed of each deflector 3 individually adjust so that from a feed dispersion several different at the same time composite fines dispersions subtracted can be.
  • This variant is preferably used used high throughputs at low and at all To achieve deflector wheels with the same separation limit.
  • Fig. 3 is instead of the straight bottom of Housing 1 (Fig. 1) a funnel-shaped, downward tapered component 14 attached to its deepest Place the connection 2 for the feed of the feed dispersion empties.
  • Fig. 1 Compared to Fig. 1 are the Connections 2 and 5 interchanged in their position.
  • This training serves to pre-classify the feed material to achieve such that the rotating deflector 3 causes the introduced dispersion to rotate, due to the coarse particles before entering the deflector wheel 3 to the walls delimiting the interior carried by component 14 and housing 1 and braked there so that they are no longer in the deflector wheel 3 can occur, but immediately through the Connection 5 are carried out.
  • the quantity setting for the coarse material dispersion takes place here by the slide 7 inserted directly into connection 5.
  • the deflector wheels 3 in FIGS. 1 to 3 consist essentially of two, with axial Distance between connected limit washers 15, 16, between which are parallel to the axis of rotation and blades 17 forming flow channels evenly distributed over the circumference of the discs are, being perpendicular or at an angle to Scope can be aligned.
  • a central Bore in the one limiting disk 15 is the Fine material dispersion discharged into the hollow shaft 9.
  • the peripheral surface is a cylindrical surface. But it can also as in Fig. 4 as a conical surface with the largest diameter on the limiting disc 15 with the central Bore designed to be more uniform Flow through the deflector wheel 3, especially outdoors Reach interior.
  • the bumpers 3 of Figures 6 and 7 have again a cylindrical peripheral surface, whereby but the blades 17 radially aligned here extend to the axis of rotation of the deflector wheel 3. At this Execution does not form potential vortices, but a Solid-state vortex flow in deflector wheel 3.
  • At the Deflector wheel 3 of FIG. 7 are also still flat Ring disks 19 with the same mutual distance attached, extending from the outer circumference of the deflector wheel 3 extend radially outwards and for pre-acceleration the outside of the deflector 3 serve incoming material dispersion.
  • Figures 8 and 9 show in longitudinal and Ouerten a deflector 3 with coaxial molded body in the form of a cylinder, which is part of the hollow shaft 9 is trained.
  • Blades 17 formed flow channel has Shaped body a gap opening 20 in the length of the axial Extension of the blades 17, through which the fine material dispersion can enter the hollow shaft 9 from where it via the fine material collector 10 and connection 4 (FIGS. 1 to 3) is removed from the separation device.

Claims (12)

  1. Procédé de séparation d'une matière solide à petite granulométrie, dispersée dans un fluide à bonne liquidité, en une fraction de fines et une de grosses, soumises les grosses à une force centrifuge vers l'extérieur et les fines à un flux d'affaissement centripète, caractérisé par une dispersion forcée à un flux d'affaissement défini, doublé d'un mouvement rotatif indépendant du flux d'affaissement et par une coupure entre fines et grosses déterminée en fonction du rapport des vitesses du flux d'affaissement et de rotation choisies par la modification de la quantité d'entrée de la dispersion d'alimentation d'une part et par la modification de la vitesse de rotation du flux de rotation d'autre part.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par un flux d'affaissement réalisé par pompage d'une dispersion de l'extérieur vers le centre d'une roue déflectrice à travers les canaux définis par les pâles de la roue parallèles à son axe de rotation et par un flux rotatif obtenu par rotation de la roue déflectrice.
  3. Dispositif de réalisation du procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2 compose d'un carter résistant à la pression (1) avec des raccords pour l'entrée de la dispersion d'alimentation (2) et pour l'évacuation de la dispersion de fines (4) et de grosses (5), d'au moins une roue déflectrice (3) installée dans le carter logée dans des paliers et soumise à un mouvement rotatif et d'une pompe d'alimentation assurant l'introduction de la dispersion d'alimentation (2).
  4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3 caractérisé par un carter (1) essentiellement sous forme d'un corps de révolution.
  5. Dispositif selon la revendication 3 ayant un carter cylindrique caractérisé par un jeu radial entre la roue déflectrice et la paroi du carter de l'ordre de 10 % du diamètre de la roue déflectrice.
  6. Dispositif selon la revendication 4 ou 5 caractérisé par un raccord d'évacuation de la dispersion de grosses (5) situé au centre du fond du carter (1).
  7. Dispositif selon la revendication 4 ou 5 caractérisé par un raccord d'alimentation (2) situé au centre du fond du carter (1).
  8. Dispositif selon une des revendications 3 à 7 caractérisé par un raccord d'évacuation de la dispersion de grosses (5) à section ajustable.
  9. Dispositif selon une des revendications 3 à 7 caractérisé par un raccord d'évacuation de la dispersion de grosses (5) muni d'une pompe aspirante à capacité réglable.
  10. Dispositif selon une des revendications 3 à 7 caractérisé par une roue déflectrice (3) à pâles radiales (17) s'étendant de la périphérie de la roue à son centre.
  11. Dispositif selon une des revendications 3 à 7 caractérisé par une roue déflectrice (3) à pâles radiales (17) s'étendant de la périphérie de la roue déflectrice (3) à une pièce de révolution coaxiale à la roue et dite pièce de forme (18).
  12. Dispositif selon la revendication 11 caractérisé par une pièce de forme (18) intégrée dans l'arbre de commande creux (9) de la roue déflectrice (3) et par au moins une ouverture (20) que la pièce de forme (18) présente dans chaque canal d'écoulement constitué par deux pâles (17) voisines pour l'évacuation de la dispersion de fines.
EP94112005A 1993-08-07 1994-08-01 Procédé et dispositif pour séparer des matières solides à grains fins en deux fractions granulométriques Expired - Lifetime EP0638365B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4326605A DE4326605A1 (de) 1993-08-07 1993-08-07 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Trennung eines feinkörnigen Feststoffes in zwei Kornfraktionen
DE4326605 1993-08-07

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0638365A2 EP0638365A2 (fr) 1995-02-15
EP0638365A3 EP0638365A3 (fr) 1995-09-13
EP0638365B1 EP0638365B1 (fr) 1999-05-26
EP0638365B2 true EP0638365B2 (fr) 2003-11-26

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EP94112005A Expired - Lifetime EP0638365B2 (fr) 1993-08-07 1994-08-01 Procédé et dispositif pour séparer des matières solides à grains fins en deux fractions granulométriques

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5894935A (fr)
EP (1) EP0638365B2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2752585B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR0148400B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1056787C (fr)
AT (1) ATE180420T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4326605A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2134296T3 (fr)
TW (1) TW259722B (fr)

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US7488448B2 (en) * 2004-03-01 2009-02-10 Indian Wells Medical, Inc. Method and apparatus for removal of gas bubbles from blood
KR100590848B1 (ko) * 2004-11-29 2006-06-19 한국기계연구원 회전형 스크린을 이용한 미세입자 분리방법 및 그 장치
US8070965B2 (en) * 2007-04-18 2011-12-06 Tarves Robert J Jun Dual walled dynamic phase separator
WO2010036984A1 (fr) * 2008-09-28 2010-04-01 Langenbeck Keith A Pompe et hydrocyclone du type à multiples disques plats
JP5519982B2 (ja) * 2009-09-17 2014-06-11 正裕 岩永 二相流体分離装置および方法
JP5999682B2 (ja) * 2012-03-23 2016-09-28 学校法人幾徳学園 固液二相流体から粒子成分の濃度が低い流体を回収する装置及び方法
RU2535322C1 (ru) * 2013-08-13 2014-12-10 Федеральное Государственное Бюджетное Учреждение Науки Институт Химии И Химической Технологии Сибирского Отделения Российской Академии Наук (Иххт Со Ран) Гидравлический сепаратор
DE102014117191B3 (de) * 2014-11-24 2016-05-12 Netzsch-Feinmahltechnik Gmbh Verfahren zum Regulieren der Trennwirkung einer Trennvorrichtung und Trennvorrichtung
DE102015115822A1 (de) * 2015-09-18 2017-03-23 L'Air Liquide Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abtrennen von Partikeln einer bestimmten Größenordnung aus einer Suspension
CN107123354B (zh) * 2017-05-21 2019-03-19 谭淞文 分选花形微粒载体的吸入器、呼吸道及肺部模型设备集成
CN109056464A (zh) * 2018-07-10 2018-12-21 黄山路之梦交通工程有限责任公司 一种沥青回收的预处理机构
DE102018132155B3 (de) * 2018-12-13 2019-12-12 Netzsch-Feinmahltechnik Gmbh Fliehkraftsichter mit speziellem sichterrad
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TW259722B (fr) 1995-10-11
ES2134296T3 (es) 1999-10-01
KR950005382A (ko) 1995-03-20
DE59408302D1 (de) 1999-07-01
ATE180420T1 (de) 1999-06-15
US5894935A (en) 1999-04-20
KR0148400B1 (ko) 1998-11-16
CN1056787C (zh) 2000-09-27
EP0638365A2 (fr) 1995-02-15
EP0638365B1 (fr) 1999-05-26
CN1122262A (zh) 1996-05-15
DE4326605A1 (de) 1995-02-09
JP2752585B2 (ja) 1998-05-18
JPH07155638A (ja) 1995-06-20
EP0638365A3 (fr) 1995-09-13

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