EP0628675B1 - Méthode pour le renforcement d'une structure en béton et éléments de renfort pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé - Google Patents

Méthode pour le renforcement d'une structure en béton et éléments de renfort pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0628675B1
EP0628675B1 EP94108712A EP94108712A EP0628675B1 EP 0628675 B1 EP0628675 B1 EP 0628675B1 EP 94108712 A EP94108712 A EP 94108712A EP 94108712 A EP94108712 A EP 94108712A EP 0628675 B1 EP0628675 B1 EP 0628675B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
concrete
reinforcing
tendons
semi
mortar
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP94108712A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0628675A1 (fr
Inventor
Horst Dr.-Ing. Kinkel
Gert Dr.-Ing. König
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/07—Reinforcing elements of material other than metal, e.g. of glass, of plastics, or not exclusively made of metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
    • B28B23/04—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members the elements being stressed
    • B28B23/06—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members the elements being stressed for the production of elongated articles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/08—Members specially adapted to be used in prestressed constructions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to methods for reinforcing concrete structures according to the preamble of claims 1 and 5.
  • Concrete structures must be reinforced. Commonly used to do this, flabby steel rods or steel mats. Have this the advantage that you can cut and bend them as you like can, depending on the local conditions. This method is limited to low grade steels. High quality steels cannot be used with advantage because of the high elongation. It has therefore been proposed to reinforce Concrete structures in the in-situ concrete flaccid precast concrete elements insert, which in turn with high quality steel bars are biased. However, these have not prevailed because mainly from the nature of these reinforcement elements a limitation as prestressed precast concrete parts surrendered to straight pieces. With that, they come as more general No substitute for slack rebar.
  • This effect of forcibly curved, thin prestressed concrete parts is used according to the invention to apply techniques in concrete construction, such as are customary for strips and wires.
  • Very thin, highly prestressed concrete elements are produced, which can be further processed using curved or laminar layered or flat or physically composed elements using the forced curvature.
  • the thickness of the elements is 3 to 20, preferably 5 to 10 mm. They are preferably made from a high-strength mortar that may contain directional or non-directional fibers as an additive.
  • thin tendons made of filaments made of glass, plastic, aramid, basalt or thin steel wires, a concrete prestress of at least 20 N / mm 2 is applied.
  • the shape by creep can be supported by filling the cracks with synthetic resin in the bent state or by fixing the bent shape by lamination.
  • the concrete elements are made in the form of concrete wires, concrete strips or as flat structures with the prestress in one or more directions. They are preferably manufactured in an endless process and transported as straight elements or wound onto spools for installation or further processing.
  • Fig. 1 is the manufacture of a ribbon or wire Reinforcement element semi-finished goods shown schematically.
  • the Tendons 2 are unwound from supply rolls 4. It different materials such as steel, glass, Carbon or plastic filaments can be used. For Improving fire behavior can also be heat resistant Fibers like basalt are used.
  • the thickness of the Tendons are matched to the concrete thickness. Preferably tendons from 3 to 6 mm thick are used, and there are usually several for each concrete cross section Tendons arranged by several supply rolls be handled. Alternatively, be on a roll specially prefabricated clamping elements possibly with the Fibers used. They extend through one Concrete bed 6 with a back and forth Concrete pouring device 8.
  • the Tendons 2 with their free end on a winding spool 10 anchored. You will then use a preload prestressed, resulting from the concrete cross section and the provided concrete prestressing results. With small ones Cross sections can according to FIG Supply roll 4 and over the winding spool 10 directly be applied. Then, when the tendons are at rest, 2 concreted. After the concrete at least partially is cured, the winding spool 10 in the direction of the arrow turned. The flexible pre-stressed concrete belt 12 wound under tension. In doing so, a new one Section of the tendons 2 in the concrete bed 6 moved in.
  • a mortar is used that is very high Final strength combined with a quick Has strength development.
  • the high final strength is due to a dense grain structure using the finest Silica dust with low water content reached, while the Early strength through quick-setting cement and a Heat treatment is achieved.
  • Binders are also used in whole or in part polymers.
  • the concrete is preferably in the concrete forming zone Bands, evenly introduced from both sides and by rolling or shaking or by pressing into a trough condensed. He then slides on a table in the Hardening area. The length of this area depends on the Strength development of the concrete. Only when the concrete has reached sufficient strength, the preload be applied.
  • the fibers before concreting as a fleece around the tendons and the concrete is in a closed form by injecting a thin mortar into the prefabricated nonwovens introduced.
  • An alternative consists of the non-woven fabrics in the previously stiffly shaped Roll in mortar from both sides of the tapes.
  • the Post-treatment of the mortar is carried out e.g. B. by heating in Autoclave or by microwaves with possible soaking with polymers and / or by applying one Protective layer against dehydration.
  • the concrete elements are wound on a spool or in Standard lengths cut.
  • the concrete semi-finished product When applying the tension on the semi-hardened elements by pulling over the drums itself, the concrete semi-finished product is under tension on the drums wound, and the bias initially does not act as Prestress on the concrete cross section. This will make it Creep load age until the time of later Unwinding moved from the drum.
  • the semi-finished reinforcement products become the construction site or transported to the processing plant.
  • a reinforcement plan is usually used for each component created all the lengths and bends for each one Contains reinforcement.
  • the parts suitably cut, bent and laminated or also braided or wound. It is economic useful, but larger reinforcement units for simpler Prefabricate assembly.
  • For flat reinforcement elements may also become new standard products such as storage mats created by braiding or laminating.
  • a special feature the further processing is applied to semi-finished goods that the Cross section of a wire and therefore with techniques can be edited as they are from rope technology are known. These rope or strand parts can be admitted process new reinforcement elements, and they are can also be used directly like ropes or strands.
  • FIG. 1 b an intermittent manufacturing is shown at the the tensioning bed tension of the tendons 2 via a longitudinally clamping device 14, 16 is generated.
  • a Clamping device 14 engages the tendons 2 which other 16 on the hardened reinforcement element 12.
  • Power arrows symbolize clamping and tensioning.
  • FIG. 2a A continuous production is shown schematically in FIG. 2a shown in longitudinal section.
  • the concreting device 8 stationary.
  • the concrete is in the concrete form 22 introduced and migrates continuously in the hardening area.
  • the concrete forms are preferred designed as wandering chain formwork elements that run beyond the hardening area.
  • Fig. 2 a is the train generation on the two coils 4 and 10 shown.
  • the movement of the Supply spool 4 and the take-up spool 10 take place continuously.
  • 2b is the continuous production shown with longitudinally displaceable clamping devices 30.
  • Fig. 1 b can also be straight Reinforcement elements can be manufactured without winding.
  • the presses 30 b and 30 d move continuously right, being the tendons 2 and the reinforcement element 12 keep under tension and at the same time transport. During this time, the presses are 30 a and 30 b open and are moved to the left. Still before the longitudinal cylinder 36 of the presses 30 b and 30 d on their When the stroke ends, the presses 30 a and 30 c are stopped, closed and together with the presses 30b and 30 d moved in the opposite direction (to the right). After that the presses 30 b, 30 d open. This state is shown in Fig. 3 b shown. Now presses 30 a and 30 c take over Transport under tension.
  • FIGs 6 and 7 a to d is a manufacturing process explained the also rotating chain formwork elements 40 used.
  • the fibers are in the form of Fleece 60, 62 inserted.
  • the empty form 40 (Fig. 7 a) is via a deflection roller 64 from a supply roller 66 the lower fleece 60 is pressed into the formwork.
  • the concrete up to the middle of the formwork poured in thinly, or it is injected.
  • the tensioned tendons 2 pressed into the concrete.
  • the rest of the concrete introduced, and the upper fleece 62 is in the fresh Concrete pressed in with roller 64 and simultaneously shaken and smoothed.
  • FIG. 8 is the cross section of an assembly of formwork elements shown.
  • a finishing roller 72 has the same locations Cutting 74 so that the reinforcement elements with a small intermediate bridge are connected. This will be later severed.
  • An extrusion device 80 is shown schematically in FIG. 9 shown in the case of a worm 82 or the like Setting up the concrete under pressure in the formwork is introduced.
  • the tensioning elements 2 run in Longitudinal direction, and the concrete 84 is from the side extruded them around.
  • the shaping is done by a closed nozzle 86.
  • FIG. 11 shows part of a concreting device, where in the still fresh concrete of the concrete reinforcement bars from both sides by means of spiked rollers 100 Nonwoven fabrics 102 and 104 are pressed in with possible shaking become.
  • the concrete form 94 has corresponding ones for this Recesses 106 on.
  • FIG. 12 is a top view of a tenter 110 shown.
  • the direction of production is through indicated the arrow 112.
  • the tensioners are here not shown.
  • the manufacturing has 4 areas.
  • In the first Area becomes a transverse tendon 114 in anchorages 116 threaded, which on both sides a revolving chain form. They are preferably over clamps anchored.
  • the anchors 116 are in guides in Direction of movement shifted; the tours run in the Expansion area apart.
  • the sections of the The transverse tendon is given a dimension of elongation preload corresponding to the expansion.
  • the distance of the Anchoring 116 is then in the concreting area and in Hardening area kept constant again, and the preload also remains constant.
  • Fig. 13 a, b is the creation of straight reinforcement elements from curved, from a take-up spool unwound band-like pieces 120 by lamination shown.
  • the two parts are each with the concave side (Fig. 13 a) glued together.
  • Straightening occurs fine on the facing surfaces Cracks that are closed with the gluing.
  • the lamination creates an additional surface Compressive stress.
  • Fig. 14 is the bending of two thin prestressed Concrete belts 130 shown on a roller 132. At the Bending creates cracks on the outer edges. By the Laminate and possibly fill the outer Cracks fix the curved shape.
  • Fig. 15 one is laminated from two tapes 140, 141 Reinforcement element in the form of a push bar 143 in Side view shown. Such forms become individual made for each component according to the reinforcement plan.
  • FIG. 16 shows further examples of further processing of reinforcement semi-finished goods explained. From the band-shaped Elements are made by braiding (Fig. 16 a) or laminating (Fig. 16 b) flat elements made in the form of mats.
  • 17 is another operation for processing shown thin concrete reinforcement elements; thereby, e.g. B. for the production of pipes, supports or round containers, a prestressed concrete belt 150 from a winding spool 152 unwound and then wound around a tube 154.
  • a lattice girder 160 in side view shown, made of prestressed concrete reinforcement elements is made by lamination. You can do this in the top chord 162 and bottom flange 164 also thicker concrete reinforcement elements be inserted with.
  • a web element 166 is in the form of a corrugated band-shaped prestressed reinforcement element on Concrete provided. Such more complex reinforcement elements are suitable for prefabrication and faster laying of Reinforcement elements. It is also possible to laminate such Use parts directly as components.
  • FIG. 19 is a plan view of a flat network of Tendons shown. Such mats can be prefabricate and facilitate the installation of the reinforcement.
  • the skin reinforcement is the more necessary the thicker the concrete cover to Protection of the load-bearing reinforcement must choose.
  • the skin reinforcement according to the present invention has over all others possible skin reinforcements like steel mats or like Fiber additives have the advantage that they are not susceptible to corrosion and that it is mainly because of its great rigidity results in much smaller cracks and best crack distribution.
  • the skin reinforcement thus ensures component tightness Liquids of all kinds, for weather resistance and for optically perfect component surfaces. So you make an impact Insensitivity to local vulnerabilities and suitable so for almost all areas of application of concrete components such as sealed containers, so-called white tubs, external components of all kinds, Ceilings or webs of joists. You have beyond that the advantage that because of their ability to crawl the young Being able to put concrete under pressure.
  • skin reinforcement mats serve as Fire protection layer for concrete structures. You prevent a premature chipping of larger concrete parts. It can higher fire resistance classes can be achieved.
  • Reinforcement elements made of thin strips or mats are suitable for the renovation or reinforcement of concrete structures, which show large cracks or flaking in the train zone, by gluing the mats onto old components. she adapt better to the uneven concrete surface than that Steel tabs commonly used.
  • Flexible concrete reinforcement elements can be used in earthworks and landfill construction According to the present invention, the many today replace geotextiles used advantageously. Examples are anchored embankments, reinforced earth, reinforcement of insulating layers in landfill construction or earth and rock anchors.
  • Flexible concrete reinforcements are suitable for winding round ones Containers and pipes; when using creepable concrete in the elements a ring prestress be achieved. Also for round supports and pile reinforcements wound reinforcements can be used.
  • Fig. 20 is a laminated as an example Hallenbinder shown in side view. Similar to that Glue binders in timber construction can be used as straight or curved concrete layer elements are manufactured. It is it is possible to use steel fittings or prefabricated Glue concrete parts into the layers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé pour renforcer une construction en béton grâce à la fabrication d'éléments de renforcement précontraints comportant des membres de précontrainte globalement centrés, dans une matrice de mortier, et grâce à la mise en place lâche de ces membres de précontrainte dans le béton environnant, caractérisé par les étapes suivantes :
    (A) fabrication continue d'un élément de renforcement semi-fini en forme de bande ou de fil métallique (12) déformable, à l'état final, et présentant une épaisseur de 3 à 20 mm dans au moins une direction transversale par rapport à l'extension longitudinale des membres de précontrainte (2),
    étant précisé
    (a) qu'au moins un membre de précontrainte continu (2) est pris sur une bobine d'alimentation (4),
    (b) traverse une zone de formage de mortier et une zone de durcissement de mortier (6, 22, 40) en étant soumis à une contrainte de traction,
    (c) et que le produit semi-fini au moins partiellement durci est coupé à des longueurs voulues ;
    (B) transformation du produit semi-fini (12) de l'étape A par cintrage et/ou laminage ou par entrelacement ou par enroulement, et
    (C) mise en place du produit semi-fini (12) de l'étape B dans le béton environnant.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on transforme au moins deux assemblages identiques ou différents d'éléments de renforcement en forme de bandes en un élément de renforcement composite en forme de treillis, plat, laminé ou entrelacé.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on enroule au moins un élément de renforcement (150) sur un substrat cylindrique (154).
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on fabrique par laminage ponctuel une poutre en treillis (160) à partir d'un élément de renforcement composite (166) laminé suivant une forme ondulée, sous la forme d'une traverse pourvue de deux éléments de renforcement comme membrures supérieure et inférieure (162, 164), étant précisé que la longueur d'ondulation locale est éventuellement adaptée aux exigences statiques et qu'on transforme éventuellement plusieurs poutres à treillis avec d'autres éléments de renforcement en une structure à trois dimensions.
  5. Procédé pour renforcer une construction en béton, grâce à la fabrication d'éléments de renforcement précontraints comportant des membres de précontrainte qui s'étendent dans au moins une direction et qui sont globalement centrés, dans une matrice de mortier, et grâce à la mise en place lâche de ces membres de précontrainte dans le béton environnant, caractérisé par les étapes suivantes :
    (A) fabrication d'un élément de renforcement semi-fini en forme de treillis, plat et déformable à l'état final, de 3 à 20 mm d'épaisseur, étant précisé
    (a) qu'on précontraint au moins deux assemblages de membres de précontrainte (2, 114) sur un banc de précontrainte plat (110),
    (b) qu'on met en place et qu'on fait durcir une matrice de mortier, les évidements du treillis étant prédéfinis sur le banc de précontrainte ou étant mis en place dans la matrice de mortier pas encore complètement durcie,
    (c) qu'on relâche les membres de précontrainte dans un état au moins partiellement durci, et
    (d) qu'on enlève le produit semi-fini plat du banc de précontrainte ;
    (B) transformation de l'élément de renforcement semi-fini plat en forme de treillis grâce
    (a) à un éventuel découpage aux cotes limites,
    (b) à un éventuel formage par cintrage et/ou laminage avec des éléments de renforcement identiques ou différents, et
    (c) à la mise en place dans le béton environnant.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'on cintre les éléments de renforcement (130) sur un cylindre de cintrage (132) présentant un rayon adapté à l'épaisseur de l'élément de renforcement.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'on remplit de résine synthétique les fissures formées lors du cintrage.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'on place dans la matrice de mortier des fibres de matière plastique, de verre, de carbone ou de métal lâches et souples, ou des fils ou des bandes de renforcement lâches et rigides en métal.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les membres de précontrainte se composent d'acier, de verre, de carbone, d'aramide ou de filaments réfractaires, de préférence de basalte.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le mortier contient au moins partiellement un polymère comme liant.
  11. Treillis de renforcement pour une construction en béton, en particulier pour un renforcement de surface, caractérisé par une disposition en forme de treillis d'une multiplicité d'éléments de renforcement précontraints en forme de bandes qui sont formés d'une seule pièce ou par laminage croisé ou par entrelacement, fabriqué suivant le procédé selon les revendications 1 à 10, chacun desdits éléments de renforcement contenant dans une matrice de mortier des membres de précontrainte globalement centrés.
EP94108712A 1993-06-07 1994-06-07 Méthode pour le renforcement d'une structure en béton et éléments de renfort pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé Expired - Lifetime EP0628675B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4318904 1993-06-07
DE4318904A DE4318904A1 (de) 1993-06-07 1993-06-07 Verfahren zur Bewehrung eines Betonbauwerks, und Bewehrungselemente hierfür

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EP0628675A1 EP0628675A1 (fr) 1994-12-14
EP0628675B1 true EP0628675B1 (fr) 1999-09-08

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EP94108712A Expired - Lifetime EP0628675B1 (fr) 1993-06-07 1994-06-07 Méthode pour le renforcement d'une structure en béton et éléments de renfort pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé

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AT (1) ATE184352T1 (fr)
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PL2912239T3 (pl) 2012-09-17 2023-08-14 Cpc Ag Element zbrojeniowy do wytwarzania sprężonych elementów betonowych, element betonowy i sposób wytwarzania
EP3051675A1 (fr) 2015-01-27 2016-08-03 GE Energy Power Conversion Technology Ltd Rotor à cage d'écureuil et moteur asynchrone comportant un tel rotor
CN107188611B (zh) * 2017-07-06 2023-01-20 吴泉兴 一种混凝土智能养护设备以及养护方法
DE102019003013A1 (de) 2018-11-14 2020-06-04 Christian Markmann Ein stabförmiger Formkörper bestehend aus mehreren Materialien zur Verwendung für lastabtragende Konstruktionselemente im Bauwesen
CN114714496B (zh) * 2022-04-29 2023-08-15 重庆交通大学 钢纤维定向增强自密实混凝土的成型装置及其使用方法

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GB582862A (en) * 1944-08-28 1946-11-29 Dowsett Engineering Constructi Improvements in the manufacture of reinforced concrete articles
GB615433A (en) * 1945-02-07 1949-01-06 Elfred Johannes Smedegaard Structure of reinforced concrete including concrete bars with tensioned steel reinforcement
CH292714A (de) * 1951-08-30 1953-08-31 Robin Ros Mirko Verfahren zur Herstellung von vorgespannten Bauelementen sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.
FR1296929A (fr) * 1961-08-04 1962-06-22 Perfectionnement aux structures en béton
US4077440A (en) * 1975-11-03 1978-03-07 Nilcon Engineering Ab Reinforcement elements for elongate concrete building blocks manufactured by sliding form casting and a method and a machine to produce such elements
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DE2759161A1 (de) * 1977-12-31 1979-07-12 Strabag Bau Ag Vorgespannter zugstab aus beton
FR2495668A2 (fr) * 1980-12-05 1982-06-11 Fuentes Albert Barre de beton ou de mortier precomprimee
NZ226585A (en) * 1988-10-14 1992-04-28 Fibre Cement Technology Ltd Ferrocement panels shifted off conveyor with mortar in plastic state

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ATE184352T1 (de) 1999-09-15
DE4318904A1 (de) 1995-01-05
DE59408711D1 (de) 1999-10-14
EP0628675A1 (fr) 1994-12-14

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