EP0614198B1 - Parafoudre - Google Patents

Parafoudre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0614198B1
EP0614198B1 EP94102537A EP94102537A EP0614198B1 EP 0614198 B1 EP0614198 B1 EP 0614198B1 EP 94102537 A EP94102537 A EP 94102537A EP 94102537 A EP94102537 A EP 94102537A EP 0614198 B1 EP0614198 B1 EP 0614198B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
surge arrester
connection fittings
arrester according
loops
bearing areas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94102537A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0614198A3 (en
EP0614198A2 (fr
Inventor
Peter Leupp
Bertil Moritz
Walter Schmidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB AG Germany
Original Assignee
ABB Management AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Management AG filed Critical ABB Management AG
Publication of EP0614198A2 publication Critical patent/EP0614198A2/fr
Publication of EP0614198A3 publication Critical patent/EP0614198A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0614198B1 publication Critical patent/EP0614198B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a surge arrester according to the introductory part of patent claim 1.
  • An overvoltage arrester described in this prior art contains a plurality of stacked nonlinear resistance elements with varistor behavior, which are arranged between two current connection fittings.
  • a winding made of non-conductive material around the resistance elements and part of the connection fittings tensions the connection fittings and the resistance elements to form an axially acting force. This force is required to form a current path, which must carry high currents for a short time when overvoltage occurs.
  • a cast housing made of weather-resistant plastic surrounds the resistance elements, the winding and the majority of the connection fittings.
  • a further surge arrester of the type mentioned at the outset with a plurality of stacked nonlinear resistance elements with varistor behavior is known.
  • the resistance elements are braced with fibers or rods made of electrically insulating material, which guide two connection fittings against one another with the formation of a prestressing force.
  • a cast housing made of weather-resistant plastic surrounds the resistance elements, the tension fibers or rods and part of the connection fittings.
  • the invention is based on the object of providing a surge arrester which, despite its simple construction, has good mechanical and electrical properties and which can be produced in a particularly cost-effective manner.
  • the surge arrester according to the invention is distinguished from comparable surge arresters according to the prior art in that it has a simple structure despite excellent mechanical and electrical properties and can therefore be produced in a particularly economical manner. Only a prefabricated one is required for its assembly and temporarily requires an axial guiding template in which the connection fittings and the at least one varistor element are first stacked and then connected to the mechanically stable active part of the surge arrester by attaching the loops and forming a pretension. Since the loops are attached at a distance from the at least one varistor element, the active part can be cast around without any gaps and voids during the subsequent production of the cast housing. Therefore, the surge arrester according to the invention has not only good mechanical but also good electrical properties.
  • the loops can already be prefabricated and then only need to be pushed onto the contact surfaces of the connection fittings during assembly.
  • Particularly stable yet small loops contain a loop shape wrapped tape, which is advantageously embedded in a plastic matrix.
  • the mechanical stability of the active part can then be achieved by subsequently tightening the elements stacked in the template during assembly, for example by means of a clamping device provided in one of the two connection fittings, or by spring elements which are installed in the stack arranged in the template and when attached the loops are pretensioned to form the desired contact force and thus also the necessary mechanical stability.
  • An additional clamping device or additional spring elements can be saved if the loops are each formed by an elastically deformable band, for example made of glass fibers.
  • the tape is then wrapped around the connection fittings with a pre-tension predetermined by the contact force, and is thereby stored on one of the contact surfaces of each of the two connection fittings, forming the contact force and thus also the mechanical stability of the active part.
  • the wound tape should expediently be embedded in a plastic matrix, which is formed after the loops have been placed on the support surfaces by curing hardenable plastic.
  • the tape is advantageously impregnated with a pre-gelled plastic, for example on the basis of epoxy (prepreg), which is hardened after the tensioning is carried out. Since such a tape has good adhesive properties, there are no fastening devices for the tape end when it is used.
  • the contact surfaces on the connection fittings should preferably have a section with a semicircular surface profile of the largest possible circle diameter, since the tension force exerted by the tape is then absorbed particularly evenly by the connection fittings and acts as a homogeneously acting contact force on the at least one Varistor element is transmitted.
  • the contact surfaces can be arranged on shoulders or in recesses in the connection fittings, which are designed as a shoulder or as a groove.
  • the design as a groove is particularly advantageous here, since a groove can easily be molded into a commonly used, cylindrical connection fitting and at the same time ensures a particularly secure mounting of the associated loop.
  • two contact surfaces arranged diametrically to one another are generally sufficient on each connection fitting, on each of which one of two loops is mounted. Additional stability is achieved by using three support surfaces which are offset by about 120 ° azimuthally around the axis and on which one of three loops is mounted. The stability may be slightly improved by four or more contact surfaces per connection fitting, but this requires additional manufacturing effort.
  • At least one current transition element that is deformable when the contact force is formed is expediently provided in the current path between the connection fittings. This ensures particularly reliable contacting and thus good current carrying capacity of the current transition between two varistor elements or the connection fitting and a varistor element or a pressure plate possibly provided in the current path. It has turned out to be very favorable that the current transfer element is designed as a disk and has grooves which are guided concentrically about the axis and are formed in end faces of the disk. A current transfer element designed in this way seals the current transfer zones in the active part against the penetration of liquid insulating material when casting the housing of the surge arrester.
  • the surge arrester shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 which is of essentially cylindrical symmetry, has two connection fittings 1, 2, which are preferably made of aluminum and spaced apart along the cylinder axis.
  • the connection fitting 1 is provided with a fastening device (not shown) for an electrical conductor.
  • an axially aligned threaded bore 3 is provided, in which a pressure screw 4 is slidably guided in the axial direction.
  • 5 denotes two loops made of wound, fiberglass-reinforced tape and embedded in a plastic matrix. The ends of the loops are guided in grooves 6, which are formed in the connection fittings 1 and 2.
  • the grooves 6 each form contact surfaces in the base of the groove with a section of semicircular surface profile, to which two axially extending sections are connected (FIG. 2).
  • Cylindrical varistor elements 7 made of non-linear resistance material, for example based on metal oxide, such as in particular ZnO, are arranged between the connection fittings 1, 2.
  • a disc-shaped pressure plate 8 made of aluminum is inserted into a recess in the connection fittings 1.
  • Current transfer elements are arranged between this plate and the adjacent varistor element 7, between adjacent varistor elements 7 and between a further pressure plate 9 made of aluminum and a further varistor element 7, each of which is in the form of a disk 10 with grooves which are guided concentrically about the axis and are formed in the two end faces of the disk are trained.
  • the disks 10 are advantageously formed from soft annealed aluminum.
  • connection fittings 1, 2 are partial, the varistor elements 7, the pressure plates 8, 9 and the loops 5 are completely enclosed by a cast housing 12 provided with shields 11 made of insulating material.
  • connection fitting 2 the pressure plate 9, alternately the disks 10 and the varistor elements 7, the pressure plate 8 and the connection fitting 1 are stacked one above the other in a template.
  • the grooves 6 of the two connection fittings 1, 2 are aligned so that they are aligned with one another (FIG. 1).
  • two prefabricated loops 6, which preferably each consist of a wound, band-shaped prepreg, which was hardened after winding, are hung in the aligned grooves 6 and force is applied to the pressure plate 9 and thus via the tensioning loops by turning the pressure screw 4 5 also applied to all other parts of the arrester active part.
  • two loops can also be used which are formed during the manufacture of the surge arrester.
  • two tapes each subjected to a pretensioning force, are wound around the two connection fittings 1, 2 and placed on the contact surfaces of the two aligned grooves 6.
  • the two connection fittings 1, 2 are firmly clamped together to form contact force, thereby forming a mechanically stable active part of the surge arrester to be manufactured.
  • This bracing is generally already sufficient for good mechanical strength of the arrester active part.
  • the arrester active part can therefore only consist of the two connection fittings 1, 2, the at least one varistor element 7 and the loops 5.
  • These tapes are preferably prepregs, in particular based on glass fibers and epoxy. Prepregs have a good one Adhesive effect on. Loops wound from the pre-tensioned prepregs are therefore stable after winding even without an additional fastening device and can now be cured at elevated temperatures. Here, the loops 5 now form, which bring about the contact force and thus also the mechanical stability of the active part and which consist of the wound band and a hardened plastic matrix embedding the band.
  • connection fittings can also have two shoulders 13 designed as shoulders.
  • Such approaches can be easily molded into the connection fittings 1, 2 and facilitate the application of the loops 5.
  • connection fittings may also have three grooves 6 or shoulders 13, each offset by 120 °.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Parafoudre avec deux armatures de raccordement (1, 2) distantes l'une de l'autre le long d'un axe, au moins un élément de varistor (7) de forme cylindrique, disposé entre les deux armatures de raccordement (1, 2), un dispositif en matière isolante serrant les armatures de raccordement (1, 2) et l'unique élément de varistor au moins présent (7) en formant une force de contact et un corps moulé en matière isolante entourant au moins partiellement les armatures de raccordement (1, 2), l'unique élément de varistcr au moins présent (7) et le dispositif de serrage, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de serrage comprend une vis de pression (4) et au moins deux éléments de serrage agissant indépendamment l'un de l'autre sur les armatures de raccordement (1, 2) et constitués par des boucles (5) avec deux extrémités de boucle, en ce que chaque armature de raccordement (1, 2) comporte des faces d'appui correspondant au nombre des boucles (5) et réparties uniformément en direction circonférentielle autour de l'axe, en ce que chaque face d'appui d'une première (1) des deux armatures de raccordement (1, 2) est en alignement dans la direction de l'axe avec une face d'appui d'une seconde (2) des deux armatures de raccordement (1, 2), et en ce que les deux extrémités de boucle d'une boucle sont appuyées sur les faces d'appui alignées l'une avec l'autre des deux armatures de raccordement (1, 2).
  2. Parafoudre suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les faces d'appui présentent chacune un tronçon avec un profil de surface en forme de demi-cercle.
  3. Parafoudre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les faces d'appui sont disposées sur des butées constituées par des épaulements (13) d'au moins une des deux armatures de raccordement (1, 2).
  4. Parafoudre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les faces d'appui sont disposées dans des creux constitués par des rainures (6) d'au moins une des deux armatures de raccordement (1, 2).
  5. Parafoudre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu deux faces d'appui diamétralement opposées l'une à l'autre sur chacune des deux armatures de raccordement (1, 2).
  6. Parafoudre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu trois faces d'appui disposées avec un décalage angulaire d'environ 120° autour de l'axe sur chacune des deux armatures de raccordement (1, 2).
  7. Parafoudre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une des boucles (5) contient une bande enroulée.
  8. Parafoudre suivant la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la bande enroulée est noyée dans une matrice en matière synthétique.
  9. Parafoudre suivant la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la matrice en matière synthétique est formée par durcissement d'une matière synthétique durcissable avant la pose des boucles (5) sur les faces d'appui.
  10. Parafoudre suivant la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la matrice en matière synthétique est formée par durcissement d'une matière synthétique durcissable après la pose des boucles (5) sur les faces d'appui.
  11. Parafoudre suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu, dans le chemin de courant entre les deux armatures de raccordement (1, 2), au moins un élément de transfert de courant déformable lors de la formation de la force de contact.
  12. Parafoudre suivant la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de transfert de courant est constitué par un disque (10) et présente des stries tracées concentriquement autour de l'axe et formées dans les faces d'extrémité du disque.
EP94102537A 1993-03-04 1994-02-19 Parafoudre Expired - Lifetime EP0614198B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4306691A DE4306691A1 (de) 1993-03-04 1993-03-04 Ueberspannungsableiter
DE4306691 1993-03-04

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0614198A2 EP0614198A2 (fr) 1994-09-07
EP0614198A3 EP0614198A3 (en) 1994-09-14
EP0614198B1 true EP0614198B1 (fr) 1997-01-15

Family

ID=6481876

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94102537A Expired - Lifetime EP0614198B1 (fr) 1993-03-04 1994-02-19 Parafoudre

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US5517382A (fr)
EP (1) EP0614198B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3556261B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE147883T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU672860B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2116836C (fr)
CZ (1) CZ284669B6 (fr)
DE (2) DE4306691A1 (fr)
HR (1) HRP940146B1 (fr)
HU (1) HU218050B (fr)
PL (1) PL172988B1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2126576C1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA941311B (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7154728B2 (en) 2003-02-12 2006-12-26 Abb Technology Ag Active part for a surge arrester
CN101336459B (zh) * 2006-01-25 2011-08-03 三角洲有限公司 笼型电涌放电器
EP2998970A1 (fr) 2014-09-22 2016-03-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Limiteur du surtension

Families Citing this family (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE504075C2 (sv) * 1994-08-29 1996-11-04 Asea Brown Boveri Ventilavledare
FR2726118B1 (fr) * 1994-10-19 1996-12-06 Girard Francois Dispositif parafoudre
DE19622140A1 (de) * 1996-06-01 1997-12-04 Asea Brown Boveri Überspannungsableiter
US5712757A (en) * 1996-06-27 1998-01-27 Raychem Corporation Surge arrester having ridged terminals
US5680289A (en) * 1996-06-27 1997-10-21 Raychem Corporation Surge arrester
US5757604A (en) * 1996-06-27 1998-05-26 Raychem Corporation Surge arrester having grooved and ridged terminals
DE19813135A1 (de) * 1998-03-25 1999-09-30 Asea Brown Boveri Überspannungsableiter
DE19926950A1 (de) 1999-06-14 2000-12-21 Abb Research Ltd Kabelendgarnitur
DE29912703U1 (de) 1999-07-19 1999-11-11 Siemens AG, 80333 München Überspannungsableiter
DE19942633A1 (de) * 1999-09-07 2001-03-08 Abb Hochspannungstechnik Ag Überspannungsableiter
SE527132C2 (sv) 2003-04-30 2005-12-27 Abb Technology Ltd Ventilavledare
EP1603141B1 (fr) * 2004-06-04 2016-08-24 ABB Schweiz AG Limiteur de surtensions avec isolation au gaz
DE602006007864D1 (de) * 2006-12-22 2009-08-27 Abb Technology Ltd Überspannungsableiter
US7660093B2 (en) 2007-11-20 2010-02-09 Hubbell Incorporated Arrester block module assembly and method
DE102008057232A1 (de) * 2008-11-11 2010-05-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Überspannungsableiter mit einem Varistorelement und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Überspannungsableiters
DE102009008463A1 (de) * 2009-02-09 2010-08-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Überspannungsableiteranordnung
WO2011095590A1 (fr) 2010-02-05 2011-08-11 Abb Technology Ag Limiteur de surtension
DE102011009124A1 (de) * 2011-01-21 2012-07-26 Tridelta Überspannungsableiter Gmbh Überspannungsableiter mit Käfig-Design
RU2474901C1 (ru) * 2011-09-06 2013-02-10 Закрытое акционерное общество "Завод энергозащитных устройств" Способ изготовления оксидно-цинковых варисторов
EP2953141B1 (fr) 2014-06-04 2016-09-28 ABB Schweiz AG Module de limiteur de surtension et limiteur de surtension
US11177058B2 (en) 2017-08-30 2021-11-16 Jonathan Woodworth Composite surge arrester module in a die and method of construction
JP2022052786A (ja) * 2020-09-24 2022-04-05 株式会社明電舎 避雷器
EP4369358A1 (fr) 2022-11-14 2024-05-15 Hitachi Energy Ltd Module de limiteur de surtension et limiteur de surtension

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DE1563738A1 (de) * 1966-08-30 1970-06-18 Siemens Ag UEberspannungsableiter fuer Hochspannung
US4100588A (en) * 1977-03-16 1978-07-11 General Electric Company Electrical overvoltage surge arrester with varistor heat transfer and sinking means
JPS5919448B2 (ja) * 1978-03-03 1984-05-07 株式会社日立製作所 避雷器
FR2423093A1 (fr) * 1978-04-11 1979-11-09 Thomson Csf Systeme de transmission de signaux electriques a liaison optique et dispositif de controle automatique du gain d'une voie de reception connectee a cette liaison optique
SU1051645A1 (ru) * 1981-11-13 1983-10-30 Научно-Исследовательский И Проектно-Технологический Институт Электрокерамических Изделий Многофазный ограничитель перенапр жений дл районов с загр зненной атмосферой
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US4656555A (en) * 1984-12-14 1987-04-07 Harvey Hubbell Incorporated Filament wrapped electrical assemblies and method of making same
US4899248A (en) * 1984-12-14 1990-02-06 Hubbell Incorporated Modular electrical assemblies with plastic film barriers
GB8527548D0 (en) * 1985-11-08 1985-12-11 Raychem Gmbh Electrical equipment
NO171139C (no) * 1986-01-29 1993-01-27 Bowthorpe Emp Ltd Elektriske transient stoppere/avledere
JPS63313805A (ja) * 1987-06-17 1988-12-21 Otowa Denki Kogyo Kk 避雷器
CA1334990C (fr) * 1988-03-31 1995-03-28 John D. Sakich Appareils electriques modulaires avec dispositif de decompression
US4905118A (en) * 1988-03-31 1990-02-27 Hubbell Incorporated Base mounted electrical assembly
FR2659169B1 (fr) * 1990-03-02 1992-06-19 Ferraz Dispositif parafoudre pour la protection des lignes electriques.
CH682858A5 (de) * 1991-12-04 1993-11-30 Asea Brown Boveri Ueberspannungsableiter.

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7154728B2 (en) 2003-02-12 2006-12-26 Abb Technology Ag Active part for a surge arrester
CN101336459B (zh) * 2006-01-25 2011-08-03 三角洲有限公司 笼型电涌放电器
EP2998970A1 (fr) 2014-09-22 2016-03-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Limiteur du surtension

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CZ48494A3 (en) 1994-11-16
PL172988B1 (pl) 1998-01-30
HUT70232A (en) 1995-09-28
DE59401564D1 (de) 1997-02-27
CA2116836C (fr) 1999-01-05
DE4306691A1 (de) 1994-11-03
ZA941311B (en) 1994-09-30
HU9400549D0 (en) 1994-05-30
AU5642394A (en) 1994-09-08
RU2126576C1 (ru) 1999-02-20
US5517382A (en) 1996-05-14
JPH06325852A (ja) 1994-11-25
ATE147883T1 (de) 1997-02-15
HRP940146A2 (en) 1996-10-31
EP0614198A3 (en) 1994-09-14
EP0614198A2 (fr) 1994-09-07
HU218050B (hu) 2000-05-28
CA2116836A1 (fr) 1994-09-05
AU672860B2 (en) 1996-10-17
CZ284669B6 (cs) 1999-01-13
HRP940146B1 (en) 1998-06-30
JP3556261B2 (ja) 2004-08-18
PL302386A1 (en) 1994-09-05

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