EP0598463A1 - Procédé et installation pour produire et coucher des faiseaux de filaments continus au moyen de force d'air - Google Patents

Procédé et installation pour produire et coucher des faiseaux de filaments continus au moyen de force d'air Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0598463A1
EP0598463A1 EP93250289A EP93250289A EP0598463A1 EP 0598463 A1 EP0598463 A1 EP 0598463A1 EP 93250289 A EP93250289 A EP 93250289A EP 93250289 A EP93250289 A EP 93250289A EP 0598463 A1 EP0598463 A1 EP 0598463A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
channel
threads
spinneret
suction
conveying
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93250289A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0598463B1 (fr
EP0598463B2 (fr
Inventor
Lüder Dr.-Ing. Gerking
Friedrich Dr.-Ing. Weger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Karl Fischer Industrieanlagen GmbH
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Karl Fischer Industrieanlagen GmbH
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Application filed by Karl Fischer Industrieanlagen GmbH filed Critical Karl Fischer Industrieanlagen GmbH
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Publication of EP0598463B1 publication Critical patent/EP0598463B1/fr
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H3/011—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/007—Addition polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for conveying and depositing sheets of endless threads according to the preamble of the main claim and the subordinate claim.
  • the conveying of endless threads is widely used, for example, in the production of spunbonded fabrics, where threads are drawn off from a spinneret by means of air currents and deposited directly into a nonwoven.
  • Numerous methods for producing these spunbonded webs have become known, which differ on the one hand in whether thread bundles are spun out from round nozzles or thread sheets from longitudinal nozzles, and on the other hand in the generation of the air streams, their guidance and, as a rule, mostly simultaneous use for depositing the threads a catchment belt, the so-called fleece laying.
  • slot channels have the disadvantage that, on the one hand, they require a high degree of manufacturing accuracy, since the slot widths are usually less than 1 mm, and that they change over time due to contamination or damage, for example when the contamination is removed. Due to the adherence of dirt or nicks in the sensitive and expensive slot lips, there are speed differences in the air flowing across the width of the channel. This leads to irregularities in the group of threads being conveyed, because areas of higher speed guide the threads to an increased extent because a thread that is there once has got in, does not get back into areas of lower speed or only by a side movement forced from the outside.
  • the flue then consists of a narrowed part of the pressurized encapsulated space in the form of two closely opposed walls, closed by end walls that can run parallel or can expand in cross-section (diffuser) or narrow and then expand (Venturi).
  • a further possibility of generating and guiding the air streams pulling the threads is that the space between the lower edge of the discharge channel (or the narrowed part of the described encapsulated space functioning as such) and the storage surface is encapsulated by the surrounding atmosphere and below the storage surface is suctioned off (DE-PS 34 01 639). This requires sliding or rubbing seals between the end of the duct and the shelf and between it and the suction lines underneath.
  • the upper part can also be encapsulated and can receive targeted air for cooling the threads and supplying them to the channel, but the area between the spinneret and channel can also remain open to the atmosphere.
  • a higher thread speed is also desirable in the course of increasing throughput and the economy of the process. It has its limits in fleece laying.
  • the higher the air speed the higher the turbulence between the flue and the belt.
  • ambient air is sucked in through the free jets below the exhaust duct.
  • the strong degree brings the delay of the flow leaving the channel on the way to the catchment area due to the accumulation, a high degree of unregulated flow, partly with backflow and strong re-whirling of the threads from the deposit area.
  • the separation-free flow is particularly difficult to achieve in a flat diffuser because there are disturbances from the front wall boundary layers and there is often one-sided detachment on the longitudinal surfaces with a crooked flow profile and thus an uneven distribution of the threads over the channel.
  • the conditions are somewhat better for round diffuser channels, but here too only a limited expansion is possible; one expects a maximum of 7 ° extension angle.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method and an apparatus with which coulters of endless threads or essentially endless threads are drawn at high speed by air currents, which can generally also be gas or steam currents, and uniformly without thread bundling or twisting a storage area can be stored.
  • the channel has a high pulling effect on the threads in this area, but due to the side suction, the high air velocities when laying and no secondary currents acting on the side are no longer present, because the entire pulling and laying area up to the storage area is encapsulated from the environment is.
  • the seal of the constantly moving storage surface be it a screen belt or a drum, opposite the channel and the suction chamber below the storage surface is created in a known manner by moving rollers, sliding or moving surfaces or brushes, as well as by labyrinth seals, which can contain sealing gas flows.
  • the channel can be kept quite narrow, for example 2 to 4 mm, in order to reduce the amount of air sucked in and thus the energy consumption, because the force of the thread is only dependent on the size of the speed.
  • the channel width and also the amount and thickness of the threads and an operational safety surcharge to avoid strikes on the wall are determined.
  • the threads which emerge from the spinneret in a molten state, are usually cooled in a known manner by cross-blowing and enter the channel in solidified form.
  • the area above the duct is preferably not closed off from the ambient air, so that the blowing air is only partially from that Channel is sucked in, but spinning smoke, which could contaminate the channel, can be blown off laterally above.
  • the suction takes place in a parallel or essentially parallel lower channel part, in that porous surfaces or individual holes are provided there.
  • the speed of the air flowing laterally through the surfaces only has to be below the speed of the air in the direction down through the channel. It is then possible to reduce the speed by dissipating mass without influencing the boundary layer, as has become known by suction or blowing in to provide impulses in aerodynamics and in the case of diffuser flows, for example in DE-PS 38 07 420. It is different with the diffuser, where the speed is reduced while maintaining the mass but by expanding the cross-section.
  • the air extracted from the side can be sucked in by the same fan, which also draws off below the shelf. It can also be carried out by separate blowers or other suction devices. The extracted air can be fed back into the spinning room from the suction devices for air equalization, if this is not ensured in any other way.
  • the channel can widen to a storage chamber at the end of the parallel part.
  • Baffles can be placed in such a shock diffuser and the threads can be laid down to a uniform fleece at far lower air velocities than were used in the drawn part above.
  • a first extension can already be provided in the lower area of the duct, which is then followed by the extension into the storage chamber.
  • the suction chambers on the side of the duct wall can communicate with the laying room by completely or partially returning the extracted air to the main circuit there, however generally without acting directly on the coulter.
  • threads 3 emerge in a spinneret 1 having a rectangular cross-section 1 in rows parallel to one another in rows 2 as a group of threads and are cooled by a side blowing device 4 by air conditioned in general according to temperature and humidity.
  • a negative pressure is generated in the channel 5, which is caused by a suction device (blower, compressor or jet pump), which is arranged underneath a storage surface designed as a perforated drum 7 in the exemplary embodiment, illustrated by the arrows 8 and 9.
  • the ambient air is strongly accelerated by the negative pressure when entering the exhaust duct 5 and then flows at high speed through an upper region of the exhaust duct 5, referred to as the drawing part 10, which is designed as a parallel duct and merges into a lower region, which is also parallel .
  • the walls of this area 11 have openings 26 which open into chambers 13.
  • the air from the free duct cross section 12 is sucked off via the openings 26 and chambers 13 according to the arrows 14a and 14b by a suction device, which is also not shown here.
  • Some or all of the lateral suction from the channel region 11 can also be carried out by the suction device illustrated in its effect by the arrows 8 and 9.
  • the openings 26 in the channel walls are designed as round holes, but they can also have a different cross section.
  • a porous material for the channel wall in the lower region 11 be used that allows the air to pass through in certain quantities.
  • the chambers 13 can consist of different segments which are arranged one above the other over the height of the lower region 11. They either serve to equalize the suction or to form different partial flows sucked in from the side. To the extent that air is extracted from the side, the speed of the main flow in the exhaust duct 5 is reduced. The speed of the part of the air flow sucked off laterally through the openings at the respective extraction point must be lower than the speed of the main flow there.
  • the lower channel area 11 opens into the laying space 16, in which there is a sudden widening of the cross section of the parallel channel with the free cross section 12.
  • the speed of the air has been greatly reduced by the side suction and the threads in the laying space 16 are at a much lower speed than in the upper one Pulled part 10 deposited on the storage surface 15.
  • the air speed at the end of the take-off channel 5, arrow 17e may have dropped to the thread speed and also somewhat below it. Then it continues to degrade and the threads accumulate in curved paths and intertwine with each other, which ends in the fleece tray.
  • This initiation of the entanglement of the threads to form a tangled nonwoven can already begin in the lower region 11 of the channel if the accompanying air flow is less than the thread speed in the drawing part 10.
  • a suction area 18 is separated below the laying space 16 inside the drum 7, the sealing of the negative pressure areas laying space 16 and suction area 18 with respect to the drum being schematically indicated here only in a roller 19 at the outlet of the fleece 20 produced and abrasive surfaces 21a, 21b, 21c .
  • the fleece is fed along the arrow 22 for further treatment such as consolidation and then continuously rolled up.
  • the goal of letting the highest possible forces act on the thread can be further increased by pivoting stretching rollers or rollers 23a, 23b in a known manner above the channel 5 into the sheet of thread pulled off the channel 5.
  • the pulling action on the thread is increased by the frictional forces on the rollers 23a, 23b due to the frictional action on the wrapped rolls in accordance with the mode of action of a cable drive, and there is a combined mechanical-aerodynamic drawing of the threads.
  • a pair of rollers several can also be arranged one above the other, advantageously in such a way that the rollers 23a, 23b are initially horizontally next to one another at the same height (shown in dashed lines in FIG.
  • the pair of rollers is rotated by up to about 270 ° and the drive of the rollers with essentially the same speed - the second roller can have a somewhat higher peripheral speed due to the drive speed or larger diameter at the same speed - also exerts a force effect onto the thread with the purpose of higher stretching in the lower thread formation area 24.
  • the device and the method for producing spunbonded nonwovens with this device is not limited to endless threads. Threads which have a finite length can also be supplied to the duct through accompanying air streams and can then be subjected in the same way to a pulling action on portions of the threads. Such methods have become known as meltblown threads, with hot air streams emerging in addition to the melt openings.
  • the threads can be endlessly long or they tear off from time to time and form a spectrum of irregularly long fibers.
  • the advantages of the device according to the invention are particularly evident in the production of spunbonded nonwovens as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 shown.
  • the suction of the practically undisturbed air into the duct 5 from the area below the cooling zone results in a very even flow in the upper duct region, the drawing part 10.
  • the air speed in the drawing part 10 can be in the range of 10,000 m / min and above - theoretically up to the speed of sound of about 18,000 m / min, practically a lot less.
  • the parallel path of the threads is not or is not significantly disturbed.
  • a slight constriction of the bundle of threads stems from the boundary layers building up on the end faces of the channel 5, which are alleviated or completely eliminated by known measures of influencing the boundary layer can be.
  • This can be done both by blowing in, ie supplying pulse energy into the boundary layers and by suction according to the state of the art in this field.
  • the filing of the threads and the preforming of their entanglement to form a tangle between the threads takes place at a much lower speed than that prevailing in the drawn part 10, thereby preventing strong turbulence which leads to thread bundles and twists which have a disadvantageous effect as strands in the fleece.
  • the aim is to obtain the best possible coverage (opacity) of the surface by placing threads as evenly as possible, and that means that they are separated from one another, in order to make the best possible use of the spinning raw material.
  • the energy expenditure compared to the processes of spunbonded nonwoven production according to the prior art is significantly lower, since practically no secondary air quantities only burden the air circulation, but do nothing to stretch the thread and lay the nonwovens will.
  • the laying of the threads can be partially coupled to the suction on the lower side surfaces of the channel 5, in that the suction below the storage surface 15 communicates directly with the chambers 13, illustrated by arrows 25a and 25b. Nevertheless, the zone between the spinneret 1 and the draw-off channel 5 is open for cleaning the spinneret 1, and additional mechanical stretching is also to be accommodated there, and is also advantageously accessible in operational terms.
  • the nozzle and the subsequent units thus extend, as shown in FIG.
  • rollers 23a, 23b can be supported on both sides with the desired large fleece width, unlike in the case of stretching with godets of thread bundles or narrow thread strips or coulters mounted on one side, the rollers rotating at different speeds for the stretching.
  • pivotable rollers or rollers can be provided at approximately the same speed, which help pull the thread in the form of a cable drive, in addition to the aerodynamic frictional forces in the channel.
  • the length of the cooling surface (height of the blowing cassette) was 800 mm.
  • the inlet cross-section of the draw-off channel was located at a distance of about 200 mm, the width of which was 4 mm and the thread sliver width was 8 mm longer on each side.
  • the length of the parallel drawn part was 420 mm, including the suction part, ie the lower area of the channel, started with a total length of 250 mm.
  • the side suction was carried out through individual holes in the duct wall with different diameters between 2 and 8 mm. Porous sintered metal surfaces were also used, but these did not change the procedural result. It could be observed through the partially transparent channel walls that the threads moved downward in essentially parallel paths over the entire pulling and suction part of the channel.
  • the suction was set to different degrees from an air speed about twice as high as the thread speed at the transition of the parallel suction part into the sudden expansion of the laying room up to speeds there slightly below the thread speed. In the latter case, the threads started to move in serpentine paths, which then increased sharply in the sudden expansion.
  • the negative pressure in the laying room 16 was 1050 mm WS, corresponding to approximately 105 mbar with respect to the atmosphere.
  • the laying space 16 was sealed against a rotating drum by means of sealing elements, as are described in detail.
  • the constriction of the thread coulter in the lower part was only a few mm with the effect that a fleece of a width of approximately 200 mm was formed compared to the original thread coulter width of 200 mm, with a slightly reinforced outer edge.
  • the threads had an average thickness of 1.7 dtex, corresponding to about 17 ⁇ m, the strength was 2.6 cN / dtex, the elongation and the strength when the threads broke measured 107% in the tear test, the boiling shrinkage was below 3%; all thread values were determined according to the relevant DIN regulations.
  • Nonwovens were set in the range from 6 to 80 g / m 2 by changing the peripheral speed of the drum as a storage surface.
  • the drum consisted of a perforated surface with woven wire mesh.
  • the basis weight distribution was scattered with a coefficient of variation of less than 8%, for heavy nonwovens significantly less than 4%.
  • the negative pressure in storage space 16 was 850 mm water pressure, corresponding to approximately 85 mbar.
  • the threads had an average thickness of 1.6 dtex, corresponding to approximately 18 ⁇ m.
  • the nonwovens produced were in the range from 6 to 35 g / m 2 and had a coefficient of variation of the basis weight distribution of less than 10 or less than 6%.
  • the fleece was lifted from the drum and fed to a calender, in which the fleece was solidified point by point between a heated roller provided with corrugations (truncated pyramid shape) and then rolled up.
  • the device according to the invention has so far been shown in the production of spunbonded nonwovens.
  • Another area of application is the conveying of threads and thread beds, the speed of the storage surface being of the order of magnitude of the thread speed.
  • Another application is generally in the conveyance of threads with air at high speed and the separation of the air, where this should not be associated with high turbulence generation at the same time.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
EP93250289A 1992-10-26 1993-10-25 Procédé et installation pour produire et coucher des faiseaux de filaments continus au moyen de force d'air Expired - Lifetime EP0598463B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4236514A DE4236514C2 (de) 1992-10-26 1992-10-26 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Förderung und Ablage von Scharen endloser Fäden mittels Luftkräften
DE4236514 1992-10-26

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0598463A1 true EP0598463A1 (fr) 1994-05-25
EP0598463B1 EP0598463B1 (fr) 1996-08-14
EP0598463B2 EP0598463B2 (fr) 1999-09-22

Family

ID=6471632

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93250289A Expired - Lifetime EP0598463B2 (fr) 1992-10-26 1993-10-25 Procédé et installation pour produire et coucher des faiseaux de filaments continus au moyen de force d'air

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5439364A (fr)
EP (1) EP0598463B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1043911C (fr)
BR (1) BR9304367A (fr)
DE (1) DE4236514C2 (fr)

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DE19521466C2 (de) * 1995-06-13 1999-01-14 Reifenhaeuser Masch Anlage für die Herstellung einer Spinnvliesbahn aus thermoplastischen Endlosfäden
US5968557A (en) * 1995-11-28 1999-10-19 Karl Fischer Industrieanlagen Gmbh Apparatus for manufacturing spun-bonded webs
DE19612142C1 (de) * 1996-03-27 1997-10-09 Reifenhaeuser Masch Anlage zur Herstellung einer Spinnvliesbahn aus Kunststoffilamenten
US5665300A (en) * 1996-03-27 1997-09-09 Reemay Inc. Production of spun-bonded web
US6332994B1 (en) 2000-02-14 2001-12-25 Basf Corporation High speed spinning of sheath/core bicomponent fibers
US6402436B1 (en) * 2000-04-28 2002-06-11 Eastman Chemical Company Method and device for conveying planar ribbon of crimped fiber using air jets
DE10065859B4 (de) 2000-12-22 2006-08-24 Gerking, Lüder, Dr.-Ing. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von im Wesentlichen endlosen feinen Fäden
JP3996356B2 (ja) * 2001-04-18 2007-10-24 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 連続繊維からなるウエブの製造装置
EP1270778A1 (fr) * 2001-06-29 2003-01-02 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Procédé et dispositif pour la production de filés de fibres contenant des fibres synthétiques
DE60223271T3 (de) * 2001-09-26 2012-02-09 Fiberweb Simpsonville, Inc. Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung einer vliesbahn aus filamenten
US6799957B2 (en) * 2002-02-07 2004-10-05 Nordson Corporation Forming system for the manufacture of thermoplastic nonwoven webs and laminates
US8333918B2 (en) * 2003-10-27 2012-12-18 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for the production of nonwoven web materials
US7962993B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2011-06-21 First Quality Retail Services, Llc Surface cleaning pad having zoned absorbency and method of making same
US7694379B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2010-04-13 First Quality Retail Services, Llc Absorbent cleaning pad and method of making same
DE602006012527D1 (de) * 2006-12-15 2010-04-08 Fare Spa Vorrichtung und Prozess zur Herstellung einer Spinnvliesmatte
EP2204484B1 (fr) * 2007-10-26 2019-05-15 Kaneka Corporation Masse de fibres de polyimide, matériau absorbant les sons, matériau d'isolation thermique, nappe ignifuge, tissu de filtre, vêtement résistant à la chaleur, tissu non-tissé, matériau d'isolation thermique/absorbant les sons pour avion, et filtre de sac résistant à la chaleur
DE102008051836B4 (de) * 2008-10-17 2012-09-13 Carl Freudenberg Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung von Spinnvliesen
TWI385286B (zh) * 2009-08-13 2013-02-11 Taiwan Textile Res Inst 製造不織布的設備
CN109056085A (zh) * 2018-08-01 2018-12-21 南通纺织丝绸产业技术研究院 熔喷喷嘴结构
CN112430907B (zh) * 2020-11-24 2024-01-26 浙江熔聚装备科技有限公司 一种无纺布制造设备、无纺布制造方法

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FR2044098A5 (en) * 1969-05-08 1971-02-19 Sommer Forming textured multifilament poly- - propylene yarns
DE4014989A1 (de) * 1990-05-10 1991-11-14 Reifenhaeuser Masch Anlage fuer die herstellung einer spinnvliesbahn aus verstreckten kunststoff-filamenten
EP0480550A1 (fr) * 1990-10-11 1992-04-15 Karl Fischer Industrieanlagen Gmbh Procédé et installation pour la production de non-tissés en filaments continus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4236514A1 (de) 1994-04-28
EP0598463B1 (fr) 1996-08-14
EP0598463B2 (fr) 1999-09-22
US5439364A (en) 1995-08-08
DE4236514C2 (de) 1997-03-27
CN1043911C (zh) 1999-06-30
CN1092034A (zh) 1994-09-14
BR9304367A (pt) 1994-11-29

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