EP4123073B1 - Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'un non tissé à partir des fibres - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'un non tissé à partir des fibres Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4123073B1
EP4123073B1 EP21186978.9A EP21186978A EP4123073B1 EP 4123073 B1 EP4123073 B1 EP 4123073B1 EP 21186978 A EP21186978 A EP 21186978A EP 4123073 B1 EP4123073 B1 EP 4123073B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
air stream
filament
meltblown
depositing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP21186978.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4123073A1 (fr
EP4123073C0 (fr
Inventor
Hans-Georg Geus
Raphael Hermes
Markus Jansen
Norbert Terlau
Markus Wüscht
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Reifenhaeuser GmbH and Co KG Maschinenenfabrik
Original Assignee
Reifenhaeuser GmbH and Co KG Maschinenenfabrik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Reifenhaeuser GmbH and Co KG Maschinenenfabrik filed Critical Reifenhaeuser GmbH and Co KG Maschinenenfabrik
Priority to EP21186978.9A priority Critical patent/EP4123073B1/fr
Priority to PCT/EP2022/070240 priority patent/WO2023001836A1/fr
Priority to CN202280050996.XA priority patent/CN117677739A/zh
Publication of EP4123073A1 publication Critical patent/EP4123073A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4123073B1 publication Critical patent/EP4123073B1/fr
Publication of EP4123073C0 publication Critical patent/EP4123073C0/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/425—Cellulose series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
    • D01D5/0985—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching by means of a flowing gas (e.g. melt-blowing)
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
    • D04H1/4291—Olefin series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/007—Addition polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/08—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres or yarns

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a nonwoven fabric from fibers, wherein continuous filaments made of thermoplastic are produced by at least one meltblown spinneret, preferably by at least two meltblown spinnerets, and furthermore, pulp short fibers are produced by at least one defibration device, wherein in the Defibering device from the pulp short fibers at least one short fiber-air stream is generated, the continuous filaments flowing from the at least one meltblown spinneret as a filament-air stream and the endless filaments and the pulp short fibers in a storage area on a storage screen belt to the nonwoven or placed on the fleece web.
  • the invention also relates to a device for producing a nonwoven fabric from fibers.
  • fibers means both continuous filaments and short fibers. Due to their virtually endless length, endless filaments differ from short fibers, which have significantly shorter lengths of, for example, 0.1 mm to 60 mm.
  • a nonwoven fabric which contains at least continuous filaments or meltblown continuous filaments and short fibers or pulp short fibers can be produced.
  • US 2012/0053547 A1 describes a method and a device for producing a nonwoven fabric from fibers.
  • the nonwoven may have pulp short fibers.
  • US 2006/0004336 A1 also discloses a method and a device for producing a nonwoven fabric from polymer fibers, wherein the nonwoven fabric may additionally contain cellulose fibers.
  • Nonwovens containing pulp short fibers are characterized by a very high liquid absorption capacity. These nonwovens based on short pulp fibers are used, for example, for liquid-absorbing cloths, such as wipes.
  • the liquid can in particular be water or aqueous liquids.
  • To stabilize or mechanically stabilize the nonwovens it is known to use mixtures of continuous filaments and short pulp fibers for the nonwovens.
  • the continuous filaments are essentially responsible for the strength or stability of the nonwoven fabric, while the pulp short fibers ensure the liquid absorption capacity of the resulting product.
  • the invention is based on the technical problem of specifying a method of the type mentioned at the beginning, with which a nonwoven fabric can be produced from continuous filaments or meltblown continuous filaments and short fibers or pulp short fibers, which is characterized by an optimal Compromise between strength or stability and liquid absorption capacity and in which there is in particular a high uniformity in the distribution of continuous filaments and short pulp fibers.
  • the invention is based on the technical problem of specifying a device for producing such a nonwoven fabric.
  • molten plastic filaments are produced by the meltblown spinneret or the meltblown spinnerets and extruded into a rapid blown air stream.
  • the blown air expediently also comes out of the meltblown spinneret and is preferably warm or hot blown air. Filament-air streams from the endless filaments produced and the blown air then flow from the at least one meltblown spinneret or from the meltblown spinnerets in the direction of the short fiber air stream.
  • the design of the meltblown spinneret or the meltblown spinnerets, in particular with regard to the exit of the molten plastic filaments and the blown air, is explained in more detail below.
  • endless filaments are produced from thermoplastic.
  • continuous filaments are produced from at least one polyolefin.
  • the at least one polyolefin is recommended to be polypropylene and/or polyethylene, preferably polypropylene.
  • the continuous filaments can also be made from other thermoplastics such as polyesters, for example polyethylene terephthalate, or polyamide, as well as from mixtures of the thermoplastics mentioned above. It is recommended that the continuous filaments or meltblown continuous filaments have an average filament diameter in the range between 0.2 and 15 ⁇ m, preferably between 0.5 and 12 ⁇ m, preferably between 0.5 and 10 ⁇ m.
  • pulp means in particular a fibrous material based on pulp or cellulose.
  • Solid pulp is expediently used in the process according to the invention.
  • the term solid pulp means in particular a dry material based on pulp or cellulose.
  • a web made of solid pulp is used and defibrated into short pulp fibers by the at least one defibration device.
  • the pulp used in the process according to the invention is preferably conditioned.
  • the short pulp fibers produced in the at least one defibration device expediently have a length or average length of 0.05 to 5 mm, preferably 0.1 to 4 mm, particularly preferably 0.1 to 3 mm.
  • the defibration device is a sawmill.
  • a short fiber air stream is generated from the pulp short fibers in the defibration device, which is guided through an outlet channel and emerges from this with an initial volume flow V1 and flows with a flow direction S1 in the direction of an air-permeable storage sieve belt.
  • the outlet channel is expediently part of the defibration device or is connected to the defibration device.
  • initial volume flow V1 means the volume flow of the short fiber-air mixture directly or immediately after exiting the outlet channel.
  • the air-permeable storage sieve belt is a continuously movable and air-permeable storage sieve belt, in particular an endlessly rotating storage sieve belt.
  • the endless filaments produced flow from the at least one meltblown spinneret as a filament-air stream with an initial volume flow V2 in the direction of the short fiber air flow.
  • Initial volume flow V2 means in particular the volume flow of the filament-air flow present directly or immediately below the meltblown spinneret after the continuous filaments have been exposed to blown air.
  • the volume flow V4 which is sucked through the storage sieve belt, is greater than the sum of the volume flows V1 and V2, so that the following applies: V4 > (V1 + V2).
  • the volume flow V4 corresponds to between 1.05 and 30 times, preferably between 5 and 25 times, preferably between 10 and 20 times the sum of the volume flows V1 and V2.
  • At least two meltblown spinnerets are present.
  • the continuous filaments particularly preferably flow from the second meltblown spinneret as a second filament air stream with an initial volume flow V3 in the direction of the short fiber air stream.
  • Initial volume flow V3 means in particular the volume flow of the filament-air flow present directly or immediately below the meltblown spinneret or second meltblown spinneret after the continuous filaments have been exposed to blown air.
  • the volume flow V4 is then greater than the sum of the volume flows V1, V2 and V3, so that in particular the following applies: V4 > (V1 + V2 + V3).
  • the volume flow V4 between 1.05 and 30 times, preferably between 5 and 25 times, preferably between 10 and 20 times the sum of the volume flows V1, V2 and V3.
  • the filament-air stream flows in the conveying direction F of the storage screen belt in front of the short-fiber air stream and that the second filament-air stream preferably flows in the conveying direction F of the storage screen belt behind the short-fiber air stream.
  • the filament-air stream flows with respect to its flow direction S2 at least in regions or sections at an angle ⁇ 1 to the flow direction S1 of the short-fiber air stream.
  • the second filament-air stream expediently flows with respect to its flow direction S3 at least in regions or sections at an angle ⁇ 2 to the flow direction S1 of the short-fiber air stream.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the angle ⁇ 1 and/or the angle ⁇ 2 is greater than 10°, particularly preferably greater than 20° and very particularly preferably greater than 25°.
  • the two filament air streams thus flow towards the short fiber air stream.
  • the fact that the filament-air stream or the filament-air streams flow at an angle ⁇ 1 or ⁇ 2 with respect to their flow direction S2 or S3 to the flow direction S1 of the short fiber air stream means in the context of the invention in particular that the flow vector the filament-air streams run at least in regions or sections at an angle ⁇ 1 or ⁇ 2 to the flow direction S1 or to the flow vector of the short fiber air stream.
  • the terms flow direction and flow vector mean in particular the mean flow directions or flow vectors of the respective streams.
  • the angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 mean in particular the angles of inclination at which the filament-air streams in the contact zone meet the short fiber-air stream.
  • the at least one filament-air stream in particular the two filament-air streams, flows in terms of their flow direction along the entire flow path - in particular in a straight line or essentially in a straight line - from the respective meltblown spinneret to the Contact zone at the angle ⁇ 1 or ⁇ 2 to the flow direction S1 of the short fiber air flow. It is particularly preferred that the at least one filament-air stream or the filament-air streams and / or the short fiber air stream flow from the meltblown spinnerets or from the outlet channel to the contact zone without guide means.
  • the angle ⁇ 1 and/or the angle ⁇ 2 is greater than 10°, particularly preferably greater than 20°. It has proven useful that the angle ⁇ 1 and/or the angle ⁇ 2 is greater than 25°, preferably greater than 30°, preferably greater than 35°, for example greater than 40°. It is recommended that the angle ⁇ 1 and/or the angle ⁇ 2 have a value in the range between 10° and 75°, preferably between 20° and 70°, particularly preferably between 25° and 65° and most preferably between 30° and 65° °, for example between 35° and 60°.
  • angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 have the same value, so that the two filament-air flows in the contact zone are symmetrical, in particular on both sides, on the short-fiber air flow or the central short fiber air stream.
  • angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 it is also fundamentally possible for the angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 to have different values.
  • the short fiber air stream flows from the outlet channel or an outlet channel end perpendicularly or essentially perpendicularly to the screen belt surface of the depositing screen belt with respect to its flow direction S1.
  • the flow direction S1 of the short fiber air stream is therefore directed in particular perpendicularly or essentially perpendicularly to the screen belt surface of the air-permeable storage screen belt.
  • secondary air is sucked in in the space between the short fiber air stream and the filament air stream and/or in the space between the short fiber air stream and the second filament air stream.
  • the secondary air is sucked in in particular with a volume flow V sec , where V sec is expediently the total volume flow of the total sucked in secondary air. It is preferred that the following then applies: V4 ⁇ (V1 + V2 + V sec ) and/or V4 ⁇ (V1 + V2 + V3 + V sec ).
  • V4 be between 1 and 30 times, preferably between 5 and 25 times, preferably between 10 and 20 times the sum of the volume flows V1, V2, V sec and/or the sum of the volume flows V1, V2, V3, V sec corresponds.
  • secondary air means, in particular, additional air sucked in by the flow movement of the filament air streams and/or the short fiber air stream, which is not the blown air of the meltblown spinnerets and not that of the pulp short fibers from the Exhaust channel corresponds to air escaping, meant.
  • the Blown air from the meltblown spinnerets and the air emerging from the outlet channel with the pulp short fibers is referred to in particular as primary air within the scope of the invention.
  • the term air also includes air-like gas or fluid mixtures.
  • the short fiber air flow is expediently accelerated in the outlet channel, in particular accelerated by a fan of the defibration device.
  • the defibration device therefore has a blower that supplies air to the defibration device.
  • the air flow for generating the short fiber air flow in the defibration device is generated by the defibration process and/or by the blower.
  • the defibration device is a sawmill. Then the air flow to generate the short fiber air flow is preferably generated by the grinding process in the sawmill and/or by the sawmill's fan.
  • the short fiber air flow accelerated in the outlet channel according to the preferred embodiment emerges from the outlet channel with the initial volume flow V1.
  • the at least one meltblown spinneret has a plurality of nozzle openings arranged in a row and preferably two air inflow gaps which run parallel to the row of nozzle openings on both sides and are inclined in the direction of the nozzle openings, from which blown air emerges.
  • the at least two, in particular the two, meltblown spinnerets are expediently designed in this way.
  • the fact that the meltblown spinneret or the meltblown spinneret has or have a large number of nozzle openings arranged in a row means in the context of the invention in particular that the meltblown spinneret has only a single row of nozzle openings.
  • Such Meltblown spinnerets are also known as single-row dies.
  • the meltblown spinneret or the meltblown spinnerets expediently each have at least two, in particular two, air inflow gaps which run parallel to the row of nozzle openings on both sides.
  • the parallel course of the air inflow gaps on both sides means in particular that the longitudinal extent of the air inflow gaps runs parallel to the longitudinal extent of the row of nozzle openings.
  • the air inflow gaps are recommended to be inclined in the direction of the nozzle openings or the row of nozzle openings. This ensures in particular that the blown air emerging from the air inflow gaps or the flat blown air stream emerging from the air inflow gaps acts on the curtain of extruded endless filaments from the side or from opposite sides at an angle of flow.
  • the angle of attack of the blown air in relation to the flow direction of the endless filaments produced is preferably less than 30°, preferably less than 20°. It is preferred that the endless filaments from the two air inflow gaps of the meltblown spinneret or the meltblown spinnerets are supplied with blown air evenly or symmetrically. In principle, however, it is also possible for the continuous filaments to be acted upon unevenly or asymmetrically with regard to the temperature and/or the volume flow of the blown air through the two air inflow gaps of the meltblown spinneret.
  • the at least one meltblown spinneret has a plurality of nozzle openings arranged in several rows, each nozzle opening preferably being assigned an air inflow opening or its own air inflow opening from which blown air emerges.
  • a meltblown spinneret which has nozzle openings arranged in several rows for the exit of the molten plastic filaments, is also referred to as a multi-row nozzle. It lies within the scope of the invention that the at least two, in particular the two meltblown spinnerets are designed in this way.
  • each nozzle opening of the meltblown spinneret has an air inflow opening or its own air inflow opening means in the context of the invention in particular that the corresponding air inflow opening is or can be assigned directly to the nozzle opening. It is within the scope of the invention that the air inflow openings of the meltblown spinneret surround the respective nozzle opening and are in particular arranged coaxially therewith. Blown air then expediently flows coaxially parallel to the plastic melt or to the molten plastic filaments from the air inflow opening assigned to the nozzle opening and expediently surrounds the produced filament in the form of a jacket.
  • the at least one meltblown spinneret has a plurality of outlet openings arranged in several rows in the form of nozzle openings and air inflow openings, the outlet openings or the nozzle openings and the air inflow openings preferably being spaced apart from one another in a regular and/or irregular manner Patterns are arranged and preferably at least 90% of the air inflow openings, in particular each air inflow opening, are assigned at least two nozzle openings and / or preferably at least 90% of the nozzle openings, in particular each nozzle opening are assigned to at least two air inflow openings. It is within the scope of the invention that the at least two, in particular the two, meltblown spinnerets are designed in this way.
  • each nozzle opening is preferably assigned to at least two air inflow openings. From the air inflow openings In this embodiment, blown air comes out. It is preferred that the nozzle openings are designed in such a way that only the polymer melt emerges from them and that the polymer melt emerges from the nozzle opening in particular without a blown air stream that is directly assigned to the respective nozzle opening or emerges coaxially to the nozzle opening. Expediently, only the blown air emerges from the air inflow openings.
  • part of the outlet openings of the meltblown spinneret is designed in the form of nozzle openings and part or the other part of the outlet openings is designed in the form of air inflow openings.
  • the distances between directly adjacent outlet openings of the meltblown spinneret in at least one nozzle direction are the same or essentially the same over the entire nozzle.
  • the proportion of nozzle openings in the total number of outlet openings is between 10% and 50%, preferably between 12% and 45%, preferably between 15% and 40%.
  • meltblown spinnerets are provided, it is preferred that the two meltblown spinnerets or all meltblown spinnerets are designed identically with regard to the nozzle openings and the air inflow openings or the air inflow gaps. In principle, however, at least two different meltblown spinnerets can also be combined within the scope of the method according to the invention. It is also preferred that the outlet openings, in particular the nozzle openings and/or the air inflow openings, of the meltblown spinnerets are round or circular.
  • the invention has recognized that due to the special flow conditions according to the invention and in particular due to the ratio of the sum of the initial volume flows of the short fiber air flow and the filament air flow or the filament air flows to the volume flow sucked through the storage sieve belt, a method can be provided, with which a nonwoven fabric can be produced from continuous filaments and pulp short fibers, which is characterized by a very high uniformity of distribution of continuous filaments and pulp short fibers and in particular by an optimal compromise between stability or strength and liquid absorption capacity of the nonwoven fabric.
  • the filament-air stream or the filament-air streams (each) flow or flow at an angle to the flow direction of the short-fiber air stream and in particular if two filament-air streams angled on both sides to form a central short fiber air stream, particularly preferably symmetrically.
  • the continuous filament-short fiber mixture deposited on the storage screen belt is expediently a matrix of continuous filaments in which the pulp short fibers are embedded.
  • the endless filaments of the at least one filament-air stream are between the meltblown spinneret and the deposition screen belt, in particular on the side of the filament stream facing away from the short fiber air stream.
  • Air stream sprayed with water.
  • one or one water nozzle is preferably provided, which is arranged in particular on the side of the respective filament-air stream facing away from the short fiber air stream.
  • the at least one water nozzle or the water nozzles are expediently located on the outside of the filament-air stream or the filament-air streams.
  • the water nozzle is assigned to the respective meltblown spinneret and is preferably arranged below, in particular directly below, the meltblown spinneret in the filament flow direction.
  • the endless filaments are thus sprayed with water after, in particular immediately after, exiting the meltblown spinneret. In this way, targeted cooling of the endless filaments produced can be achieved.
  • the short fiber air stream with a proportion of 0.0138 to 0.0833 kg, preferably from 0.0222 to 0.0694 kg, preferably from 0.0277 to 0.05 kg of the pulp short fibers per kg of air comes out of the outlet channel. It is recommended that the short fiber air flow exits the outlet channel with a proportion of pulp short fibers of greater than 0.0138 kg, preferably greater than 0.0222 kg, preferably greater than 0.0277 kg per kg of air .
  • the proportion of pulp short fibers per kg of air can expediently be controlled and/or regulated by means of the speed of the defibration device, in particular controllable and/or regulated by the speed of the intake of the defibration device.
  • the at least one filament-air stream or the filament-air streams have a proportion of 0.002 kg to 0.5 kg, preferably 0.01 kg to 0.25 kg, preferably 0.015 kg up to 0.12 kg, particularly preferably from 0.018 kg to 0.1 kg, of the continuous filaments per kg of air emerges or emerges from the meltblown spinnerets. It is recommended that the at least one filament-air stream, preferably the filament-air streams (each) with a proportion of greater than 0.002 kg, preferably greater than 0.01 kg, preferably greater than 0.015 kg, particularly preferably greater than 0.018 kg of continuous filaments per kg of air emerges or emerges from the meltblown spinnerets.
  • the filament-air streams in particular the two filament-air streams, with the The same proportion of continuous filaments per kg of air emerge from the meltblown spinnerets.
  • the filament-air streams, in particular the two filament-air streams emerge from the meltblown spinnerets with a different proportion of continuous filaments per kg of air.
  • the proportion of endless filaments with which the filament-air streams emerge from the meltblown spinnerets per kg of air can be determined by controlling and/or regulating the mass flow of the thermoplastic and/or the mass flow from the air inflow gaps or .adjust the blown air emerging from the air inflow openings of the meltblown spinnerets.
  • the proportion of continuous filaments in the laid down nonwoven is between 10 and 35% by weight, preferably between 15 and 30% by weight, preferably between 20 and 28% by weight.
  • the short fiber air flow is accelerated in the outlet channel by a fan of the defibration device.
  • the air sucked in by the fan of the defibration device is conditioned.
  • the conditioned air sucked in by the fan has a relative humidity of greater than 65% at 28 ° C.
  • the outlet channel is height-adjustable in relation to the screen belt surface of the depositing screen belt.
  • the distance a between the outlet channel end and the screen belt surface is expediently between 200 and 1,000 mm, preferably between 300 and 750 mm, preferably between 400 and 600 mm and particularly preferably between 460 and 530 mm.
  • the outlet channel or the outlet channel end is in In relation to the sieve belt surface of the storage sieve belt, the height can be adjusted in these areas.
  • the amount of secondary air sucked in can be controlled and/or regulated by adjusting the height of the outlet channel in relation to the screen belt surface of the storage screen belt.
  • the height of the outlet channel is set in the context of the method according to the invention in such a way that: V4 ⁇ (V1 + V2 + V sec ) and / or V4 ⁇ (V1 + V2 + V3 + V sec ).
  • the amount of secondary air sucked in means, in particular, the secondary air or amount of secondary air sucked in between the short fiber air stream and the at least one, preferably the two, filament air streams.
  • the term outlet channel end means in particular the end of the outlet channel facing the storage sieve belt.
  • the walls of the outlet channel in the region of the outlet channel end are preferably designed such that the outlet channel end is designed to be constant or divergent or convergent in the internal cross section.
  • the subsequent mixing of the continuous filaments and the short pulp fibers in the contact zone can be influenced in particular.
  • the distance a between the outlet channel end and the screen belt surface is measured in particular perpendicular to the screen belt surface within the scope of the invention.
  • the ability to control and/or regulate the amount of secondary air sucked in makes it possible to influence the flow conditions in a functionally reliable manner, particularly with regard to the secondary air supply.
  • the position of the contact zone can also be adjusted or regulated within the scope of the invention - in particular in combination with the angles ⁇ 1 and / or ⁇ 2.
  • the filament-air stream preferably the one or two filament-air streams, and the short-fiber air stream are brought together above the depositing screen belt in a contact zone. It is recommended that the filament-air streams and the short fiber-air streams be mixed in this contact zone.
  • the continuous filament-short fiber mixture flows from the contact zone to the depositing screen belt as a homogeneous or essentially homogeneous mixture.
  • the short fiber air flow in relation to the width of the depositing sieve belt is at least 50 (kg/h)/m, in particular at least 75 (kg/h)/m, preferably at least 100 (kg/h) / m, particularly preferably at least 200 (kg / h) / m of the pulp short fibers.
  • width of the storage sieve belt means in particular the largest width of the storage sieve belt transversely, in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal extent or to the conveying direction of the storage sieve belt.
  • At least two, in particular at least three, preferably at least four defibration devices, preferably with the associated blowers and / or outlet channels, are arranged along the width of the storage sieve belt.
  • defibration devices preferably with the associated blowers and / or outlet channels.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the nonwoven fabric or the nonwoven web is solidified by at least one calender, an embossed pattern preferably being introduced into the nonwoven fabric or the nonwoven web by the at least one calender. It is recommended that the solidification takes place “inline” using at least one calender. In the context of the invention, this means in particular that the solidification takes place by the at least one calender following the deposition of the continuous filament-short fiber mixture into the nonwoven fabric or nonwoven web. According to an alternative preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the solidification of the nonwoven fabric or the nonwoven web takes place “offline” by the at least one calender.
  • the at least one calender has at least one pair of calender rolls through which the nonwoven fabric or nonwoven web is preferably carried out under a contact pressure.
  • one of the Calender rolls of the calender a smooth roll with a smooth outer surface and / or one of the calender rolls of the calender has an embossed pattern on its outer surface.
  • the calender or the pair of calender rollers is tempered.
  • the temperature of the calender rolls is preferably below the melting point of the thermoplastic material of the continuous filaments.
  • the calender roll temperature in the process according to the invention is preferably between 50 ° C and 150 ° C. It is also within the scope of the invention that the line pressure of the calender roll or rolls is between 10 and 120 daN/cm.
  • the embossed pattern is designed to be uninterrupted and that the basic pattern geometry of the embossed pattern has a pressing surface in the range of 20 to 50 mm 2 , preferably from 25 to 45 mm 2 , preferably from 30 to 40 mm 2 and particularly preferably from 32.5 up to 37.5 mm 2 .
  • basic pattern geometry means in particular the geometry underlying a repeating element of the embossed pattern.
  • the basic pattern geometry or the repeating element is preferably the same size or essentially the same size, so that the resulting embossed pattern is a regular embossed pattern.
  • the uninterrupted embossed pattern is a honeycomb-shaped structure whose basic pattern geometry or its repeating element is expediently a hexagon or a regular hexagon.
  • the embossed pattern then preferably consists of a large number of regular hexagons of the same size, adjacent to one another, with the inner surface of the hexagon preferably forming the non-pressed part of the embossed pattern.
  • the embossed pattern has interruptions and consists in particular of a large number of elements that are not connected to one another, preferably of dots and/or lines, the elements expediently each having a pressing area of less than 2 mm 2 , preferably less than 1 .5 mm 2 , preferably smaller than 1.1 mm 2 , particularly preferably smaller than 0.55 mm 2 .
  • an uninterrupted embossing pattern it is also possible for an uninterrupted embossing pattern to be combined with an embossing pattern having interruptions.
  • the height of the basic pattern geometry or the elements of the embossed pattern is between 0.3 and 2.0 mm, preferably between 0.4 and 1.8 mm, preferably between 0.5 and 1.6 mm.
  • the height of the basic pattern geometry means the height difference or the average height difference between the pressing surface and the non-pressed areas of the embossed pattern. It is also within the scope of the invention that the proportion of the pressing surface of the embossed pattern to the total surface of the nonwoven fabric or nonwoven web is between 2.5% and 25%, preferably between 5% and 15%, preferably between 5.25% and 12%. is 5%.
  • the corresponding roller of the pair of calender rolls which has the embossing pattern, has a complementary embossing pattern on its outer surface.
  • the calender or the calender roll has in particular a pressing surface proportion or a pressing surface of 2.5% to 25%, preferably from 5% to 15% and preferably from 5.25% to 12.5%.
  • the device has at least two, in particular two, meltblown spinnerets. It is preferred that a first Meltblown spinneret is arranged in the conveying direction of the depositing sieve belt in front of the outlet channel and a second meltblown spinneret is arranged in the conveying direction of the depositing sieve belt behind the outlet channel. It is within the scope of the invention that the at least one meltblown spinneret, preferably the at least two or the two meltblown spinnerets, is/are arranged at an angle of inclination to the outlet channel. The angle of inclination between the meltblown spinnerets and the outlet channel is expediently (in each case) at least 10°, preferably at least 20° and preferably at least 25°.
  • the angle of inclination between the meltblown spinnerets and the outlet channel is at least 30°, particularly preferably at least 35°, for example at least 40°. It is recommended that at least the angle of inclination between a meltblown spinneret and the outlet channel, preferably between both meltblown spinnerets and the outlet channel (each) between 10° and 75°, preferably between 20° and 70°, particularly preferably between 25° and 65° and very particularly preferably between 30° and 65°, for example between 35° and 60°.
  • filament-air streams can flow from the meltblown spinnerets in the direction of the storage screen belt at the angle ⁇ 1 or ⁇ 2 to the flow direction S1 of the short-fiber air stream and in the direction of the short-fiber air stream. It is recommended that the angle of inclination between the meltblown spinnerets and the outlet channel is adjustable.
  • the outlet channel is designed to be height-adjustable in relation to the screen belt surface of the storage screen belt. It has proven useful that the distance a between the outlet channel end and the screen belt surface can be adjusted in a range between 200 and 1,000 mm, preferably between 300 and 750 mm, preferably between 400 and 600 mm, particularly preferably between 460 and 530 mm.
  • the defibration device has at least one fan for accelerating the pulp short fibers or the short fiber air flow in the outlet channel.
  • the nonwoven fabric produced with the method according to the invention and/or with the device according to the invention preferably has a thickness in the range from 0.1 to 3 mm, preferably from 0.2 to 2 mm and preferably from 0.3 to 1.5 mm.
  • thickness of the nonwoven material means in particular the greatest thickness of the nonwoven material transversely, in particular perpendicular or essentially perpendicular to its flat extent and in particular after a preferably provided solidification or calendering step.
  • the invention is based on the finding that the method according to the invention can be used to produce a nonwoven fabric from continuous filaments and short pulp fibers that meets all requirements both in terms of stability or strength and in terms of its liquid absorption capacity.
  • the measures according to the invention enable an optimal compromise between the strength of the nonwoven and the liquid absorption capacity.
  • the flow conditions according to the invention and the preferred arrangement of the meltblown spinneret or the meltblown spinnerets and the outlet channel for the pulp short fibers enable in particular an optimal mixing of the continuous filaments and the pulp short fibers, so that a nonwoven fabric with a very uniform distribution of the continuous filaments and the pulp short fibers results. In this way, a nonwoven fabric that meets all requirements can be provided with a relatively small proportion of continuous filaments.
  • the measures according to the invention are not very complex and The method according to the invention is therefore characterized by high economic efficiency. This also applies to the device according to the invention.
  • the Fig. 1 shows a device according to the invention for producing a nonwoven fabric 1 from fibers.
  • Two meltblown spinnerets 2, 3 produce endless filaments made of thermoplastic.
  • the thermoplastic may be polypropylene.
  • 4 short pulp fibers are produced from pulp, preferably and in the exemplary embodiment from solid pulp 19, by at least one defibration device.
  • the defibration device 4 is expediently and in the exemplary embodiment a sawmill.
  • at least one short fiber air stream 5 is generated from the pulp short fibers in the defibration device 4.
  • the short fiber air stream 5 is preferred and, in the exemplary embodiment, accelerated in the outlet channel 6 by a fan 7 of the defibration device 4.
  • the blower 7 expediently and in the exemplary embodiment supplies air to the defibration device 4.
  • the air flow for generating the short fiber air flow 5 is generated within the scope of the invention and in the exemplary embodiment from the grinding process in the defibration device 4 or the sawmill and by the blower 7.
  • the accelerated short fiber air stream 5 emerges from the outlet channel 6 with an initial volume flow V1.
  • initial volume flow V1 means in particular the volume flow of the short fiber air stream 5 directly or immediately after the exit from the outlet channel 6.
  • the short fiber air stream 5 flows with a flow direction S1, which is preferred and vertical in the exemplary embodiment. is directed essentially perpendicular to the screen belt surface of an air-permeable storage screen belt 8, in the direction of the storage screen belt 8.
  • the air-permeable storage screen belt 8 is expediently and in the exemplary embodiment designed as an endlessly rotating storage screen belt 8.
  • the endless filaments produced by the meltblown spinnerets 2, 3 flow expediently and in the exemplary embodiment as filament-air streams 9, 10 with an initial volume flow V2 or V3 from the meltblown spinnerets 2, 3 in the direction of the short fiber air flow 5.
  • Initial volume flow V2 or V3 means in particular the volume flow of the filament air flows 9, 10 present directly or immediately below the meltblown spinnerets 2, 3 after the continuous filaments have been exposed to blown air.
  • a first filament-air stream 9 flows in the conveying direction F of the storage screen belt 8 in front of the short-fiber air stream 5.
  • the filament-air stream 9 flows at an angle ⁇ 1 to the flow direction S1 with respect to its flow direction S2 of the short fiber air stream 5.
  • the second filament air stream 10 flows in the conveying direction F of the storage screen belt 8 behind the short fiber air stream 5.
  • This second filament air stream 10 flows at an angle ⁇ 2 with respect to its flow direction S3 Flow direction S1 of the short fiber air stream 5.
  • the filament air streams 9, 10 thus flow preferably and in the exemplary embodiment from both sides of the central short fiber air stream 5 at the angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 onto the short fiber air stream 5 to.
  • angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are preferably greater than 20°, particularly preferably greater than 25°.
  • the angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 may each be approximately 30°.
  • the angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 have the same value or essentially the same value.
  • the filament-air streams 9, 10 and the short-fiber-air stream 5 are brought together above the storage screen belt 8 in a contact zone 11 and as an endless filament-short fiber mixture 12 in a storage area 13 on the storage screen belt 8 to form the nonwoven fabric 1 or deposited on the fleece web.
  • the filament-air streams 9, 10 flow in the area or shortly before the contact zone 11 with respect to their flow direction S2 or S3 at the angle ⁇ 1 or ⁇ 2 to the flow direction S1 of the short fiber air stream 5.
  • the angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 mean in particular the angles of inclination at which the filament air streams 9, 10 in the contact zone 11 on the short fiber -Air stream 5 hit.
  • the two filament-air streams 9, 10 flow along the entire flow path from the respective meltblown spinneret 2, 3 to the contact zone 11 with respect to their flow direction S2 or S3 at the angle ⁇ 1 or ⁇ 2 to the flow direction S1 of the short fiber air stream 5. It is recommended and in the exemplary embodiment that the filament air streams 9, 10 flow in a straight line or essentially in a straight line. Preferred and in the exemplary embodiment according to Fig.
  • the filament-air streams 9, 10 also flow symmetrically towards the short-fiber air stream 5 and meet the short-fiber air stream 5 symmetrically in the contact zone 11.
  • the two filament-air streams 9, 10 and the short fiber -Air stream 5 flows preferably and in the exemplary embodiment without guide means from the meltblown spinnerets 2, 3 or from the outlet channel 6 to the contact zone 11.
  • volume flow V sec is expediently the total volume flow of the total sucked in secondary air.
  • air or process air is sucked from below through the storage screen belt 8 in or at least in the storage area 13 of the fibers or the continuous filament-short fiber mixture 12.
  • a suction device 16 or a suction fan is provided below the storage sieve belt 8, in particular below the storage area 13.
  • the meltblown spinnerets 2, 3 each have a plurality of nozzle openings 17 arranged in a row, from which the molten plastic filaments are preferably extruded as part of the method according to the invention.
  • Two air inflow gaps 18 preferably run parallel to the row of nozzle openings 17 on both sides. This is shown in FIG Figures 2 and 3 to recognize. Blown air preferably emerges from the air inflow gaps 18.
  • the plastic filaments extruded from the nozzle openings 17 are expediently extruded into the blown air stream.
  • the meltblown spinnerets 2, 3 have within the scope of the invention and in the exemplary embodiment according to Figures 2 and 3 only a single row of nozzle openings 17 and are therefore designed as single-row nozzles.
  • the fact that the air inflow gaps 18 run parallel to the row of nozzle openings 17 on both sides means in the context of the invention in particular that the longitudinal extent of the air inflow gap 18 runs parallel to the longitudinal extent of the row of nozzle openings 17 ( Fig. 2 ).
  • the air inflow gaps 18 are preferred and within the scope of the embodiment according to Figures 2 and 3 inclined in the direction of the nozzle openings 17 or in the direction of the row of nozzle openings 17.
  • the blown air emerging from the air inflow gaps 18 or the flat blown air stream then acts on the extruded endless filaments from the side at an angle of attack ( Fig. 3 ).
  • the Fig. 4 shows a bottom view of a further preferred embodiment of the meltblown spinnerets 2, 3.
  • the meltblown spinnerets 2, 3 according to Fig. 4 is a variety of in several Rows of nozzle openings 17 are provided, each nozzle opening 17 being assigned an air inflow opening 21 or its own air inflow opening 21, from which blown air emerges.
  • Such a meltblown spinneret which has nozzle openings 17 arranged in several rows for the exit of the molten plastic filaments, is also referred to as a multi-row nozzle.
  • Each air inflow opening 21 is assigned directly to a specific nozzle opening 17.
  • the air inflow openings 21 preferably surround and in the exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 4 the respective nozzle opening 17 coaxially. In this way, blown air flows coaxially parallel to the plastic melt or the molten plastic filaments from the air inflow opening 21 assigned to the respective nozzle opening 17.
  • meltblown spinnerets 2, 3 Another preferred embodiment of the meltblown spinnerets 2, 3 is in the Fig. 5 shown.
  • the meltblown spinneret 2 or the meltblown spinnerets 2, 3 have a plurality of outlet openings arranged in several rows in the form of nozzle openings 17 (in the Fig. 5 shown as open circles) and air inflow openings 21 (in the Fig. 5 shown as filled circles).
  • the outlet openings or the nozzle openings 17 and the air inflow openings 21 are arranged spaced apart from one another in a regular pattern.
  • Each nozzle opening 17 is assigned at least two air inflow openings 21. This means in particular that at least two air inflow openings 21 are arranged directly adjacent to each nozzle opening 17.
  • At least two nozzle openings 17 are also arranged directly adjacent to each air inflow opening 21.
  • the nozzle openings 17 are like this are designed so that only the polymer melt emerges from it and that the polymer melt emerges from the nozzle opening 17 in particular without a blown air stream which is directly assigned to the respective nozzle opening 17 or emerges coaxially to the nozzle opening 17.
  • the filament-air streams 9, 10 are carried between the meltblown spinneret 2, 3 and the storage screen belt 8 on the side of the filament-air stream 9, 10 facing away from the short fiber air stream 5 Water sprayed.
  • a water nozzle 20 is provided, which is expediently arranged in the exemplary embodiment on the side of the respective filament air stream 9, 10 facing away from the short fiber air stream 5.
  • the water nozzles 20 are recommended and in the exemplary embodiment therefore located on the outside of the filament-air streams 9, 10 and are particularly preferably arranged in the filament flow direction below or directly below the meltblown spinnerets 2, 3.
  • the amount of secondary air sucked in can be controlled in the context of the method according to the invention or with the device according to the invention, preferably by adjusting the height of the outlet channel 6 or the outlet channel end 14 in relation to the screen belt surface of the storage screen belt 8 and/or adjustable. It is recommended that the height of the outlet channel 6 is set such that: V4 ⁇ (V1 + V2 + V sec ) and/or V4 ⁇ (V1 + V2 + V3 + V sec ).
  • the outlet channel 6 is preferably designed to be height-adjustable in relation to the screen belt surface of the storage screen belt 8.
  • the distance a between an outlet channel end 14 and the screen belt surface is expediently between 200 and 1,000 mm, preferably between 300 and 750 mm.
  • the distance a is measured between the outlet channel end 14 and the screen belt surface perpendicular to the screen belt surface.
  • the walls of the outlet channel 6 in the area of the outlet channel end 14 are preferred and designed in the exemplary embodiment in such a way that the outlet channel end 14 is designed to be divergent in the internal cross section. Due to the height adjustability or height adjustment of the outlet channel 6 and the design of the walls of the outlet channel 6 or the outlet channel end 14, the position of the contact zone 11 can be adjusted or regulated within the scope of the invention - especially in combination with the choice of the angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 . This also allows the mixing of the continuous filaments and the pulp short fibers to be advantageously influenced.
  • the endless filament-short fiber mixture 12 flows from the contact zone 11 to the storage screen belt 8 as a homogeneous or essentially homogeneous mixture.
  • the homogeneous endless filament short fiber mixture 12 is then expediently deposited in the storage area 13 on the storage screen belt 8 to form the nonwoven fabric 1 or the nonwoven web.
  • Recommended and in the exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 1 the endless filament-short fiber mixture 12 flows from the contact zone 11 to the storage screen belt 8 or to the storage area 13 with respect to its flow direction perpendicularly or essentially perpendicular to the screen belt surface.
  • the nonwoven fabric 1 is solidified “inline” by at least one calender 15 according to a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention and in the exemplary embodiment.
  • the at least one calender 15 has at least one pair of calender rollers through which the nonwoven material 1 is preferably carried out under a contact pressure. It is further preferred that an embossed pattern is introduced into the nonwoven fabric 1 or into the nonwoven web by the at least one calender 15.
  • at least one of the calender rolls of the calender 15 can have an embossed pattern on its outer surface.
  • the Fig. 6A shows a top view of a section of a nonwoven fabric according to the invention with an embossed pattern.
  • the Fig. 6B shows a cross section through the object according to Fig. 6A along AA.
  • the embossed pattern is designed to be uninterrupted.
  • the basic pattern geometry or the repeating element of the embossed pattern is preferably a regular hexagon, so that the embossed pattern is preferred and in the exemplary embodiment consists of a large number of regular hexagons of the same size that adjoin one another and is therefore designed in particular as a honeycomb-shaped embossed pattern.
  • the hexagonal inner surface expediently forms the non-pressed part of the embossed pattern.
  • the height h of the basic pattern geometry or the elements of the embossed pattern is between 0.3 and 2.0 mm.
  • the height of the basic pattern geometry or the regular hexagons may be approximately 1.5 mm.
  • the height h of the basic pattern geometry means the height difference or the average height difference between the pressing surface and the non-pressed areas of the embossed pattern. It still lies within the scope of the invention that the proportion of the pressing surface of the embossed pattern to the total surface of the nonwoven is between 2.5% and 25%, preferably between 5% and 15%. It is also understood that the corresponding roll of the pair of calender rolls, which has the embossed pattern, has a complementary embossed pattern on the outer surface.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Procédé, destiné à fabriquer un non-tissé (1) en fibres, à l'aide d'au moins une filière de fusion-soufflage (2), de préférence à l'aide d'au moins deux filières de fusion-soufflage (2, 3) étant créés des filaments continus en une matière thermoplastique, par ailleurs, par au moins un dispositif de défibrage (4) étant créées des fibres courtes de pulpe, dans le dispositif de défibrage (4) étant généré à partir des fibres courtes de pulpe au moins un courant d'air (5) de fibres courtes qui est conduit à travers une canalisation de sortie (6) et qui s'échappe de celle-ci et qui circule avec un débit volumétrique initial V1 et un sens de circulation S1 dans la direction d'une toile perforée de dépose (8) perméable à l'air,
    les filaments continus circulant à partir de l'au moins une filière de fusion-soufflage (2) sous la forme d'un courant d'air (9) de filaments avec un débit volumétrique initial V2 dans la direction du courant d'air (5) de fibres courtes,
    le courant d'air (9) de filaments et le courant d'air (5) de fibres courtes étant réunis au-dessus de la toile perforée de dépose (8) dans une zone de contact (11) et déposés sous la forme d'un mélange (12) de filaments continus / fibres courtes dans une zone de dépose (13) sur la toile perforée de dépose, pour former le non-tissé (1) ou la bande de non-tissé,
    dans la zone de dépose (13) des fibres ou du mélange (12) de filaments continus / fibres courtes étant aspiré de l'air ou de l'air de processus avec un débit volumétrique V4 par le dessous, à travers la toile perforée de dépose (8), le débit volumétrique V4 étant supérieur à la somme des débits volumétriques V1 et V2.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, au moins deux filières de fusion-soufflage (2, 3) étant présentes, les filaments continus circulant à partir de la deuxième filière de fusion-soufflage (3) sous la forme d'un deuxième courant d'air (10) de filaments avec un débit volumétrique initial V3 dans la direction du courant d'air (5) de fibres courtes, de préférence, le débit volumétrique V4 étant supérieur à la somme des débits volumétriques V1, V2 et V3, de manière particulièrement préférentielle, dans le sens de convoyage (F) de la toile perforée de dépose (8), le courant d'air (9) de filaments circulant à l'avant du courant d'air (5) de fibres courtes et dans le sens de convoyage (F) de la toile perforée de dépose (8), le deuxième courant d'air (10) de filaments circulant à l'arrière du courant d'air (5) de fibres courtes.
  3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, au niveau de son sens de circulation S2, le courant d'air (9) de filaments circulant au moins par endroits ou par sections sous un angle α1 par rapport au sens de circulation S1 du courant d'air (5) de fibres courtes et de préférence, au niveau de son sens de circulation S3, le deuxième courant d'air (10) de filaments circulant au moins par endroits ou par sections sous un angle α2 par rapport au sens de circulation S1 du courant d'air (5) de fibres courtes, de préférence l'angle α1 et / ou l'angle α2 étant supérieur à 10 °, de manière particulièrement préférentielle, supérieur à 20 °, de manière tout particulièrement préférentielle, supérieur à 25 °.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, au niveau de son sens de circulation S1, le courant d'air (5) de fibres courtes circulant à partir de la canalisation de sortie (6) ou d'une extrémité (14) de canalisation de sortie à la perpendiculaire ou sensiblement à la perpendiculaire de la surface de toile perforée de la toile perforée de dépose (8).
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans l'espace intermédiaire entre le courant d'air (5) de fibres courtes et le courant d'air (9) de filaments et/ou dans l'espace intermédiaire entre le courant d'air (5) de fibres courtes et le deuxième courant d'air (10) de filaments étant aspiré de l'air secondaire.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, le courant d'air (5) de fibres courtes étant accéléré dans la canalisation de sortie (6), notamment par un ventilateur (7) du dispositif de défibrage (4).
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, l'au moins une filière de fusion-soufflage (2, 3) comportant une pluralité d'orifices (17) de filière et de préférence deux fentes (18) d'affluence d'air s'écoulant de part et d'autre à la parallèle de la rangée des orifices (17) de filière et inclinés dans la direction des orifices (17) de filière, dont s'échappe de l'air de soufflage.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, l'au moins une filière de fusion-soufflage (2, 3) comportant une pluralité d'orifices (17) de filière placés en plusieurs rangées, de préférence à chaque orifice (17) de filière étant affecté un orifice (21) d'affluence d'air ou un propre orifice (21) d'affluence d'air, à partir duquel s'échappe de l'air de soufflage.
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, l'au moins une filière de fusion-soufflage (2, 3) comportant une pluralité d'orifices de sortie placés en plusieurs rangées sous la forme d'orifices (17) de filière et d'orifices (21) d'affluence d'air, les orifices de sortie ou les orifices (17) de filière et les orifices (21) d'affluence d'air étant placés de préférence avec un écart mutuel en un motif régulier et / ou irrégulier et de préférence à chaque orifice (21) d'affluence d'air étant affectés au moins deux orifices (17) de filière et/ou à chaque orifice (17) de filière étant affectés au moins deux orifices (21) d'affluence d'air.
  10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, les filaments continus de l'au moins un courant d'air (9) de filaments, de préférence des courants d'air (9, 10) de filaments étant vaporisés d'eau entre la filière de fusion-soufflage (2, 3) et la toile perforée (8) de dépose, notamment sur le côté du courant d'air (9, 10) de filaments opposé au courant d'air (5) de fibres courtes.
  11. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, le courant d'air (5) de fibres courtes sortant à raison d'une fraction de 0,0138 à 0,0833 kg, de préférence de 0,0222 à 0,0694 kg, de manière préférentielle, de 0,0277 à 0,05 kg des fibres courtes de pulpe par kg d'air hors de la canalisation de sortie (6).
  12. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, l'au moins un courant d'air (9) de filaments ou les courants d'air (9, 10) de filaments sortant à raison d'une fraction de 0,002 kg à 0,5 kg, de préférence de 0,01 kg à 0,25 kg, de manière préférentielle, de 0,015 kg à 0,12 kg, de manière particulièrement préférentielle, de 0,018 kg à 0,1 kg des filaments continus par kg d'air hors des filières de fusion-soufflage (2, 3).
  13. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, la canalisation de sortie (6) étant réglable en hauteur, par rapport à la surface de toile perforée de la toile perforée de dépose (8) et l'écart (a) entre l'extrémité (14) de canalisation de sortie et la surface de toile perforée se situant notamment entre 200 et 1000 mm, de préférence entre 300 et 750 mm, de manière préférentielle, entre 400 et 600 mm, de manière particulièrement préférentielle, entre 460 et 530 mm, la quantité d'air secondaire aspirée étant opportunément susceptible d'être commandée et / ou régulée par réglage en hauteur de la canalisation de sortie (6) par rapport à la surface de toile perforée de la toile perforée de dépose (8).
  14. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, le courant d'air (5) de fibres courtes conduisant ou convoyant par rapport à la largeur (b) de la toile perforée de dépose (8) au moins 50 (kg/h)/m, notamment au moins 75 (kg/h)/m, de préférence au moins 100 (kg/h)/m et de manière particulièrement préférentielle, au moins 200 (kg/h)/m des fibres courtes de pulpe.
  15. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14, le non-tissé (1) ou la bande de non-tissé étant consolidé(e) par au moins une calandre (15), de préférence par l'au moins une calandre (15), un motif gaufré étant ménagé dans le non-tissé (1) ou dans la bande de non-tissé.
  16. Procédé selon la revendication 15, le motif gaufré étant conçu sans interruption et la géométrie de base de motif du motif gaufré présentant une surface de pression de l'ordre de 20 à 50 mm2, de préférence de 25 à 45 mm2, de manière préférentielle, de 30 à 40 mm2, de manière particulièrement préférentielle, de 32,5 à 37,5 mm2.
  17. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 15 ou 16, le motif gaufré étant constitué d'interruptions et notamment d'une pluralité d'éléments non reliés les uns aux autres, de préférence de points et / ou de traits, les éléments présentant opportunément une surface de pression inférieure à 2 mm2, de préférence inférieure à 1,5 mm2, de manière préférentielle, inférieure à 1,1 mm2, de manière particulièrement préférentielle, inférieure à 0,55 mm2.
  18. Dispositif, destiné à fabriquer un non-tissé en fibres à l'aide d'un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 17, le dispositif comportant au moins une filière de fusion-soufflage (2), de préférence au moins deux filières de fusion-soufflage (2, 3), destinées à créer des filaments continus en une matière thermoplastique,
    par ailleurs au moins un dispositif de défibrage (4), destiné à créer des fibres courtes de pulpe et une canalisation de sortie (6), destinée à conduire les fibres courtes de pulpe ou un courant d'air (5) de fibres courtes étant présents,
    le dispositif comportant au moins une toile perforée de dépose (8) perméable à l'air, pour y déposer les fibres courtes de pulpe et les filaments continus sous la forme d'un mélange (12) de filaments continus / fibres courtes, pour former un non-tissé (1) ou une bande de non-tissé
    et au moins un système d'aspiration (16) étant présent, à l'aide duquel dans la zone de dépose (13) des fibres ou du mélange (12) de filaments continus / fibres courtes, de l'air ou de l'air de processus est susceptible d'être aspiré avec un débit volumétrique V4 par le dessous, à travers la toile perforée de dépose (8),
    le dispositif étant configuré avec le critère que le courant d'air (5) de fibres courtes s'échappe de la canalisation de sortie (6) et circule avec un débit volumétrique initial V1 et un sens de circulation S1 dans la direction de la toile perforée de dépose (8) perméable à l'air et que les filaments continus circulent à partir de l'au moins une filière de fusion-soufflage (2) sous la forme d'un courant d'air (9) de filaments avec un débit volumétrique initial V2 dans la direction du courant d'air (5) de fibres courtes et que le débit volumétrique V4 soit supérieur à la somme des débits volumétriques V1 et V2.
  19. Dispositif selon la revendication 18, le dispositif comportant au moins deux filières de fusion-soufflage (2, 3), dans le sens de convoyage de la toile perforée de dépose (8), une première filière de fusion-soufflage (2) étant placée à l'avant de la canalisation de sortie (6) et dans le sens de convoyage de la toile perforée de dépose (8), une deuxième filière de fusion-soufflage (3) étant placée à l'arrière de la canalisation de sortie (6).
EP21186978.9A 2021-07-21 2021-07-21 Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'un non tissé à partir des fibres Active EP4123073B1 (fr)

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EP21186978.9A EP4123073B1 (fr) 2021-07-21 2021-07-21 Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'un non tissé à partir des fibres
PCT/EP2022/070240 WO2023001836A1 (fr) 2021-07-21 2022-07-19 Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'un non-tissé en fibres
CN202280050996.XA CN117677739A (zh) 2021-07-21 2022-07-19 用于由纤维制造非织造织物的方法和设备

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