EP0592356B1 - Tête de poupée en un matériau ressemblant à la porcelaine, et procédé et dispositif pour sa fabrication - Google Patents

Tête de poupée en un matériau ressemblant à la porcelaine, et procédé et dispositif pour sa fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0592356B1
EP0592356B1 EP93810096A EP93810096A EP0592356B1 EP 0592356 B1 EP0592356 B1 EP 0592356B1 EP 93810096 A EP93810096 A EP 93810096A EP 93810096 A EP93810096 A EP 93810096A EP 0592356 B1 EP0592356 B1 EP 0592356B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
head
doll
porcelain
core
female mould
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93810096A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0592356A1 (fr
Inventor
Christoph Hercher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WALDAG HOLDING AG
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WALDAG HOLDING AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by WALDAG HOLDING AG filed Critical WALDAG HOLDING AG
Publication of EP0592356A1 publication Critical patent/EP0592356A1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63H—TOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
    • A63H9/00—Special methods or compositions for the manufacture of dolls, toy animals, toy figures, or parts thereof

Definitions

  • Real porcelain doll heads are very valuable products, the production of which is complex and demanding.
  • the classic porcelain offset consists of 50% kaolin, 25% feldspar and 25% quartz.
  • the production of porcelain doll heads from such cast porcelain requires a lengthy and complicated working process, which requires some experience and is always associated with the risk of failures by the porcelain head collapsing or breaking during the course of its manufacture, or during casting, demolding, Air drying or burning takes other damage.
  • liquid porcelain which sometimes has to be prepared in a complex manner, is poured into the negative mold made of plaster.
  • the remaining cast porcelain is emptied from the mold after about 2 to 10 minutes.
  • the plaster of the negative mold was able to draw so much water from the edge layer of the poured-in porcelain that a thin layer of the porcelain became roughly leather-hard along the mold.
  • the now hollow porcelain head must now rest for several hours and harden so far that the negative form can be removed.
  • the blank head is then still very sensitive to pressure. It must be carefully removed from the negative mold, whereby the porcelain must be torn off at the opening of the head plate. Then it can be gently worked with a scalpel.
  • the eye shapes are cut out using a special technique that, especially for inexperienced people, involves the risk of destroying the head.
  • a special technique that, especially for inexperienced people, involves the risk of destroying the head.
  • From the inside of the head precisely fitting eye beds have to be worked out for the later insertion of spherical glass eyes. It must be taken into account that the head shrinks by about 15% to 20% when it is later burned.
  • the head is stored for 1 to 7 days to dry, depending on the wall thickness. Then the burr, which has arisen as a result of the parting line of the casting mold, is cut away or scraped away, and the upper one Finishing edge of the head is reworked.
  • a multi-hour burn is carried out at a temperature of approx. 800 ° C to 1,000 ° C. A suitable kiln is required for this. After this scalding, every bump is visible and you can see every grain that protrudes. Therefore, the head and all edges on it are now very finely ground, which is why it is recommended to put on a dust mask. After all this work, the blank is fired at 1,200 ° C to 1,300 ° C, which in turn extends over several hours. The whole firing takes a lot of experience, since the firing time varies depending on the type of furnace and, moreover, its characteristic burning duration characteristic varies depending on the occupancy of the furnace.
  • the head is sanded again and is then ready for painting with Prozellan colors.
  • the painted porcelain head is then given a two to four hour color fire at a temperature of 600 ° C to 800 ° C. Only now are the glass eyes with wax inserted from the inside of the head and fixed in the eye beds with plaster, which is a very delicate job. Finally, the head is closed from above with a cardboard or cork lid and the wig is put on.
  • FR-A-847'422 has known a method for casting a hollow body from plastic or similar material in the prior art.
  • the casting core or cores used are filled with a powder (for example with wood flour) and emptied again after the casting.
  • FR-A-494'645 has disclosed a process for producing porcelain-like doll heads and bodies, in which a composition of mineral powders, tallow, kaolin, etc. is used as the modeling material, the method thus prepared pasty mass is given in molds, after which the mass hardens.
  • FR-A-544'252 published on September 19, 1923, also discloses the use of cold casting compound for the manufacture of mannequins.
  • a very general casting process for the production of seamless hollow parts made of cold-formable and hardenable material in one piece and closed on all sides is known from EP-A-0'041'725 on December 16, 1981 and from FR-A-2'109'111 May 26, 1972.
  • FR-A.737'958 has known since September 26, 1931 the use of eyes which are printed on paper or cellulose, cut out in a lenticular shape and inserted and glued onto the corresponding cambered surfaces in the face of a doll.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus for producing a porcelain-like doll head, with which the disadvantages mentioned are avoided. Furthermore, the invention also includes a porcelain-like doll's head as a product, which was produced by the method according to the invention and which is confusingly similar to an original porcelain head in terms of its external appearance.
  • This object is achieved by a method for producing a porcelain-like doll head according to claim 2.
  • the invention is further achieved by a device for carrying out the method according to claim 3.
  • the invention also relates to a porcelain-like doll head according to claim 1.
  • the invention enables the simple manufacture of porcelain-like doll heads, which in their outer appearance come close to being confused with real porcelain heads.
  • the production takes comparatively little time.
  • the manufacturing technology according to the invention is also associated only with minimal risk of failure and is very inexpensive since no kiln is required.
  • the negative forms can be used as often as required and the complicated adjustment and insertion of glass ball eyes is not necessary, at least in one design variant.
  • the manufacture of porcelain-like doll heads as an imitation of porcelain heads is made available to a very wide range of users, because the manufacture is much faster, safer, easier and cheaper. Porcelain-like doll heads made by the method according to the invention are therefore affordable for everyone.
  • This device comprises a two-part negative form 1, 2 of the one to be produced Doll's head as a casting mold.
  • This negative form consists of transparent plastic, for example Makrolon, and is manufactured using a conventional injection molding process. For this it is necessary to have the head available as an original positive form, as is usually designed by relevant artists and doll makers. Starting from this head model, the plastic injection mold is manufactured using known technology.
  • the inner contour 3 of the transparent negative shape 1 then corresponds exactly to the surface of the doll's face to be manufactured and the inner contour 4 of the transparent negative shape 2 exactly corresponds to the surface of the associated back of the head.
  • the neck mold 5 opens outwards.
  • a doll head 6 made of preferably a foamed material of a slightly smaller size than that of the head to be manufactured belongs to the casting mold.
  • This head core 6 is advantageously made of styrofoam and has small radially protruding knobs 7 distributed all around, which in the embodiment shown here are formed in one piece from the styrofoam head itself.
  • knobs 7 protrude the head surface of the head core 6 by about one to four millimeters, have a round tip and serve as spacers when the styrofoam head 6 is enclosed in the interior of the negative mold 1, 2.
  • the knobs 7 ensure that the styrofoam head 6 is centered in the negative shape 1, 2 and an even distance all around its surface and the inner contour 3.4 of the negative mold 1.2 is observed.
  • the styrofoam head 6 is placed on a foot in the form of a large rice nail 8 lying on the back, so that it is stable. In this position, the two-part negative mold 1, 2 can easily be assembled around the styrofoam head 6.
  • the separating surfaces can be provided with suitable depressions and elevations which interlock.
  • the molded part 2 has a wedge-shaped groove 13 in the horizontal direction and one 14 in the vertical direction.
  • grooves 13, 14 include wedge-shaped elevations 15, 16 on the parting surface of the molded part 1, likewise in the horizontal and vertical directions, which engage in an exact fit in the opposite grooves 13, 14.
  • the molded parts align with each other.
  • other centering means can also be used, for example protruding cones that fit into corresponding conical recesses.
  • FIG. 2 shows the assembled negative mold with the head core 6 enclosed therein.
  • the assembly takes place in that precisely fitting threaded bolts 30 with end threads are pushed through the precision bores 9-12.
  • the two parts 1, 2 are clamped together by means of associated wing nuts 20.
  • the molded part 1 can have hexagonal recesses 32 for receiving the screw heads 31, so that they are held in the recesses 32 in a manner that prevents them from rotating.
  • FIG. 3 shows the composite negative mold which was overturned for the casting, so that the neck extension 5 comes to rest on top.
  • the cover or foot 8 has been removed and the cold casting compound 18 is just being poured into the gap 17 between the inner contour of the negative mold and the surface of the styrofoam head 6.
  • the negative mold is transparent, the styrofoam head 6 enclosed therein can also be seen, as can the cold casting compound 18, which has already been poured in. This settles evenly all around and gradually fills the gap between the styrofoam head 6 and the negative mold. This process can be done thanks to the transparency of the negative form are continuously observed by the pourer. If necessary, the negative mold can be tilted slightly or shaken or vibrated to prevent blistering.
  • the neck can be made a little longer and have a mark up to which the negative form is to be filled.
  • the entire head from crown to neck 5 is cast in one piece.
  • the interior of the head is therefore no longer accessible at the end of the casting process in the embodiment variant described here, as in the case of a conventional, hollow porcelain head that still has to be closed with a head cover, but consists of solid material, namely from the now molded polystyrene head 6, which is indeed the head core works.
  • the cold casting compound 18 used consists of a specially refined, commercially available type of plaster which is mixed with water in powder form. It is characterized by a particularly high strength combined with maximum surface hardness.
  • gypsum is admixed with plastics suitable for the relevant manufacturers of cold casting compounds known in the art.
  • plastics suitable for the relevant manufacturers of cold casting compounds known in the art For the use according to the invention of such a plastic-coated cold casting compound, it is also specially colored in order to achieve the typically flesh-colored pink of the classic porcelain doll heads or other skin colors.
  • the doll's head cast in this way is typically left to stand for only a few minutes to harden the cold casting compound. After that, the negative form opened and the blank can be removed from the mold.
  • the blanks produced by the method according to the invention have a very smooth surface, quite comparable to the surface of a finished, conventional porcelain doll head. Post-processing to achieve a smoother surface can be omitted. If necessary, slight burrs that may have formed on the seams of the negative form on the blank must be removed.
  • FIG. 4 shows a finished doll head blank according to the invention, which was produced by the method according to the invention. It ultimately consists of a styrofoam head 6, which is coated all around with a hardened cold casting compound 18, the surface of the cold casting compound being finely shaped by the inner contour of the negative mold used. Thin spots formed where the knobs touched the inner contour. If the knobs even press on the inner contours, bright spots or even small imperfections can form there. Therefore, the knobs are attached to the styrofoam head 6 in places where these irregularities cannot be disturbed or painted over, for example in the mouth area, behind the eyes, in the neck area, behind the front hairline, on the top of the head, behind the ears, in the neck etc.
  • Knobs formed in one piece from styrofoam can also use knobs in the form of pins 19. The knobs are then formed as shown in Figure 4 by the heads 21 of the pins 19, and the associated needles 22 are used to insert the pins 19 into the styrofoam head 6.
  • the heads 21 can be made in a variant from the same cold casting compound 18, which for Pouring the doll's head is used. This ensures that there are no changes in color at the nubs on the cast head.
  • pin heads 21, which act as nubs, are thus completely encapsulated by the cold casting compound during casting and are no longer visible on the finished blank.
  • the finished blank is freed of any burrs in the course of post-processing, but has a porcelain-like fine surface from the very beginning due to the very smooth inner contour of the negative mold used.
  • lens-shaped shell segments 23 made of glass or plastic are used for the eyes instead of glass ball eyes, which are also processed in a similar manner to the conventional glass eyes and with which the identical effect can be achieved.
  • Such lenticular eyes with a flat adhesive surface can be manufactured using a casting process made of glass or plastic then printed. They can also be blown out of glass by blowing a relatively thick-walled glass ball, which is then cut into segments. The segments are surface-ground on the back and then painted or printed.
  • this step can be carried out very simply in this doll's head according to the invention by the prefabricated glass or plastic eyes 23 in the form of lenticular bowls. Segments are simply inserted into the provided recesses 24 and glued on. To achieve sideways glances, appropriately painted lenticular glass eyes can be offered.
  • FIG. 5 shows a further negative mold in the casting position seen from above. So that the two parts 1, 2 of the negative casting mold fit exactly on one another when assembled around the head core 6 enclosed therein, the separating surfaces have wedge-shaped elevations 16 and depressions 14 which fit one another in a form-fitting manner.
  • Such wedge-shaped elevations and depressions run in the form of horizontal elevations 15 or grooves 13 over the parting surfaces.
  • the two molded parts 1, 2 are positioned exactly with respect to one another by the elevation 15, 16 and groove 13, 14 sliding in each other, so that the edges of the inner contours 3, 4 of the two molded parts 1, 2 are perfectly aligned with one another.
  • there is a frame 25 which encloses the two parts 1, 2 and by means of which the two molded parts 1, 2 can be securely clamped to one another in this position.
  • One frame side 33 can be firmly connected to the adjacent molded part 1, while the other molded part 2 can be removed from the frame 25.
  • a screw clamp 25 is thus formed, by means of which the two parts 1, 2 of the negative mold can be easily clamped to one another, whereby they are positioned exactly in relation to one another.
  • the pouring gap 17 can be seen on the top of the negative mold 1, 2, which is shown here in the casting position.
  • the head core 6 in the form of a styrofoam head enclosed by the negative shape can also be seen.
  • FIG. 6 An alternative negative form is shown in FIG. 6, in which the two parts 1, 2 do not lie next to one another in the casting position, but rather one on top of the other.
  • the cold casting compound 18 is therefore not poured in from the base of the neck, but from the back of the head, which is now at the top. It can be used to cast a doll's head completely surrounded by cold casting compound. Pouring can be observed from the outside thanks to the transparent negative mold 1,2, as shown. After the cold casting compound 18 has hardened, which takes place in a few minutes, the two parts 1, 2 of the negative mold are carefully separated. Finally, the excess stump formed at the back of the head through the pouring opening 29 can be scraped away, after which this point is ground flat to the rest of the back of the head.
  • the negative mold according to the invention can be used many thousands of times since it is practically not subject to wear.
  • a new head core 6 is required for each new doll's head that can be manufactured and offered inexpensively.
  • the hobbyist needs a negative mold according to the invention as the largest investment. This enables him to produce a product that is practically identical in terms of its external appearance, in a very short time and, in comparison to the classic manufacturing process for porcelain doll heads, in an extremely short time and with certainty.

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  • Toys (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Tête de poupée ressemblant à la porcelaine se caractérisant par un noyau central en styropor (6) lequel sera enrobé par coulage (18) d'une couche régulière et dure ayant l'apparence de la porcelaine ainsi que par le collage sur la couche de porcelaine des yeux (23) en forme de lentilles écaillées et segmentées en verre ou en plastique.
  2. Procédé de fabrication d'une tête de poupée ressemblant à la porcelaine selon revendication 1, caractérisé par
    a) une forme négative se composant de deux parties (1,2) fabriquée en plastique transparent dont le noyau de la tête (6) est en styropor, celui-ci étant plus petit que la forme de coulage, les deux parties seront assemblées par des aillettes de traction.
    b) La forme négative (1,2) à couler sera disposée de façon que la gorge ou la nuque se trouvent vers le haut.
    c) Depuis la partie de la gorge (5) où de la nuque dans l'espace entre les deux formes négatives (1,2) et à l'intérieur de la masse du coeur (6) de la tête en styropor un remplissage se fera à l'intérieur du noyau de la tête en styropor avec un mélange d'eau et de plastique (18) dont la couleur sera celle de la peau.
    d) La forme coulée (18) à froid sera laissée quelques minutes pour obtenir une dureté optimale.
    e) Les formes négatives (1,2) seront séparées.
    f) La forme de la tête de poupée ressemblant à la porcelaine avec son noyau devra être très peu retravaillée pour enlever d'éventuelles arêtes.
  3. Le dispositif pour implanter la fabrication selon la revendication 2 caractérisé par une forme négative transparente en plastique se composant de deux parties, lesquelles seront assemblées par des coins (15-16) s'adaptant parfaitement dans des endroits creux (13-14) et de même forme de l'autre partie (1,2) ce qui permettra un ajustage précis des formes négatives (1,2). Des trous de percement (9-12) seront perpendiculaires à la surface des formes négatives; ces trous permettront le passage d'une tige en pas de vis (30) dont à une extrémité à un boulon et à l'autre extrémité une ailette (20) permettront aux parties négatives (1,2) un serrage optimal du noyau en styropor, sur lequel sera disposé sur le pourtour à intervalles réguliers des pointes arrondies (7) ou bien quelques épingles (19) disposées autour du noyau (6), l'assemblage des formes négatives par rapport au noyau soit réparti d'une manière égale, pour que les deux formes négatives (1,2) puissent présenter au niveau de la gorge ou de la nuque une ouverture de coulage (17).
EP93810096A 1992-09-30 1993-02-17 Tête de poupée en un matériau ressemblant à la porcelaine, et procédé et dispositif pour sa fabrication Expired - Lifetime EP0592356B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH305992A CH686493A5 (de) 1992-09-30 1992-09-30 Porzellan-ohnlicher Puppenkopf sowie Verfahren, Vorrichtung und Verwendung einer Giessmasse zu dessen Herstellung.
CH3059/92 1992-09-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0592356A1 EP0592356A1 (fr) 1994-04-13
EP0592356B1 true EP0592356B1 (fr) 1994-12-21

Family

ID=4247696

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93810096A Expired - Lifetime EP0592356B1 (fr) 1992-09-30 1993-02-17 Tête de poupée en un matériau ressemblant à la porcelaine, et procédé et dispositif pour sa fabrication

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0592356B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH07501258A (fr)
AT (1) ATE115880T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU673818B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2124557A1 (fr)
CH (1) CH686493A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE59300042D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994007580A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9204233U1 (de) * 1991-05-18 1992-08-27 Teske, geb. Wermelinger, Maria Magdalena, 5000 Köln Vorrichtung zur Versäuberung von Porzellanrohlingen zur Herstellung von Puppen
US5516314A (en) * 1993-12-20 1996-05-14 Anderson; S. Catherine Self-supporting figure
CN101138682B (zh) * 2006-09-07 2010-11-03 王人运 人偶头部快速成型方法及由此方法制作的人偶头部
DE102012220327A1 (de) * 2012-11-08 2014-05-08 Mederer Gmbh Gieß-Form
CN110027092B (zh) * 2019-04-18 2020-11-03 荆门千年健医疗保健科技有限公司 一种石膏容器及其制备方法

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR494645A (fr) * 1916-08-03 1919-09-13 Maurice Pontio Tetes et corps de poupées imitant la porcelaine et leur procédé de fabrication
DE375211C (de) * 1921-10-21 1923-05-08 Alexander Staege J Verfahren zur Herstellung kunstkeramischer oder marmoraehnlicher Gegenstaende mittels ringfoermiger, geschlossener Glasformen
FR544252A (fr) * 1921-12-06 1922-09-19 Pièces anatomiques incassables ayant l'aspect de la chair et destinées aux mannequins d'exposition
DE382590C (de) * 1922-11-08 1923-10-04 Max Seeber Herstellung von Puppen und Puppenteilen
FR574277A (fr) * 1923-12-10 1924-07-09 Siegel Sa Des Ets Nouveau mode de fabrication des mannequins d'étalage, bustes, etc.
US1534155A (en) * 1924-02-09 1925-04-21 Butler William Bernard Mold for pottery work
US1520849A (en) * 1924-08-07 1924-12-30 Ray M Birnbach Monument mold
US1650468A (en) * 1927-03-04 1927-11-22 Isaac A Rommer Doll's rubber head
FR737958A (fr) * 1931-09-26 1932-12-19 Nobel Francaise Soc Poupée et son procédé de fabrication
FR847442A (fr) * 1938-06-13 1939-10-10 Pierre Imans Soc Procédé et moule perfectionnés pour la fabrication par moulage et coulée de têtes, bras et corps de mannequins et d'articles similaires présentant de la contre-dépouille
FR991735A (fr) * 1944-05-04 1951-10-09 Moule pour la fabrcation d'objets moulés contenant un noyau solide
US2466586A (en) * 1946-03-15 1949-04-05 Evans Clarence Agustus Method and apparatus for molding doll heads
GB698537A (en) * 1952-03-25 1953-10-14 Vulco Chemical Company Ltd Improvements in or relating to hollow dolls' heads
FR2109111A5 (fr) * 1970-10-01 1972-05-26 Perrier Maurice
DE3021716A1 (de) * 1980-06-10 1981-12-17 Iduso Gmbh Hohlkoerper aus beton oder keramik

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0592356A1 (fr) 1994-04-13
DE59300042D1 (de) 1995-02-02
ATE115880T1 (de) 1995-01-15
AU3490393A (en) 1994-04-26
WO1994007580A1 (fr) 1994-04-14
CH686493A5 (de) 1996-04-15
JPH07501258A (ja) 1995-02-09
CA2124557A1 (fr) 1994-04-14
AU673818B2 (en) 1996-11-28

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